Beaconhouse School System, Mandi Bahauddin Work sheet of

Chemistry
Topic: Organic Chemistry---Alcohols Class: XI-Cambridge
Name: ___________________ Date: ____________________
Q1. Alcohols are a homologous series of organic compounds.
The table shows information about some alcohols.

(a) Which group of atoms (functional group) must be present in the homologous
series of alcohols?
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(b) Name the alcohol with the molecular formula C3H8O.

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(c) (i) Deduce the general formula for an alcohol.

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(ii) A molecule of decanol has ten carbon atoms. What is the molecular formula

for decanol?

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(d) It is more difficult to estimate the melting point of butanol than to estimate its

density.

Use the data in the table to explain why.

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(e) Ethanol reacts with oxygen in the air to form ethanoic acid.
Describe another method by which ethanol can be converted into ethanoic acid.

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(f) Butanol can burn in a limited supply of air. Name two products of this reaction.

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Q2. Glucose, C6H12O6, is one of the products of photosynthesis.

(a) State the empirical formula for glucose.

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(b) (i) Write an equation to show how glucose is formed in photosynthesis.

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(ii) Give the essential conditions for this process.

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(c) Fermentation converts glucose into ethanol, a biofuel.

C6H12O6 ---------------------------- 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

(i) State two essential conditions for fermentation to take place.

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(ii) Calculate the maximum mass of ethanol that can be made from 1 tonne of glucose.

[One tonne is one million grams.]

maximum mass of ethanol = ............................ tonne [3]

(iii) Suggest one possible problem in making biofuels by fermentation.

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(d) Describe how ethene can be converted industrially into ethanol.

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Q3. Alcohols are an homologous series of organic chemical compounds.

The table shows some information about different alcohols.

(a) What is meant by the term homologous series?

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(b) (i) Estimate the boiling point of butanol. . .................................................................................. [1]

(ii) A molecule of the alcohol hexanol contains six carbon atoms. Write the formula of hexanol.

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(c) Ethanol can be manufactured from ethene. Ethene reacts with steam in the presence of an acid

catalyst to form ethanol.

(i) Write an equation for the reaction between ethene and steam.

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(ii) Name the type of reaction that takes place.

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(d) Ethanol can also be manufactured from glucose, C 6H12O6.

C6H12O6 ----------------------2CO2 + 2C2H5OH.

A solution containing 18 kg of glucose makes only 0.92 kg of ethanol. Calculate the percentage yield

of ethanol.

[3]

(e) Propanol reacts in a similar way to ethanol. Name the organic product of the reaction between

propanol and warm acidified potassium dichromate(VI).

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Q4. (a) Ethanol reacts with hot acidified potassium dichromate(VI) to form

ethanoic acid.

(i) Describe the colour change that occurs during this reaction & draw structure of

ethanoic acid.
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(ii) Ethane-1,2-diol has the structure drawn below.

Suggest the structure of the product of the reaction between ethane-1,2-diol and
hot acidified potassium dichromate(VI).

[3]

(b) The table shows some information about different alcohols.

(i) Describe how the boiling point changes with the number of carbon atoms in

the alcohol.

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(ii) Estimate the density, in g / cm3, of butanol.

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(iii) What is the physical state of pentanol at room temperature and pressure?

Explain your answer.

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