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• The most common shapes of structural steel used in buildings are the American
Standard Steel Shapes such as:
1.Square Bars
2.Round Bars
3.Plate Bars
4.Angle Bars
5.Channels–The standard channel has the shape of unsymmetrical balance consisting
of two flanges on one side. It requires lateral support to prevent its tendency to
buckle. Channels are generally used as parts of built-up sections for columns and are
also suitable for framing around floor openings, spandrels and lintels attributed to the
absence of flanges on the other side. The channel section is identified as C 15 x 20
which means that the channel has a depth of 20 cm and weights 15 kg per meter
length.
6.I-Beams–The use of a standard I-beam as a column is uneconomical because the
whirl or revolving action of the member about an axis through the centroid of the
web is comparatively small.
STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMING
Structural steel girders, beams, and columns are used to construct a skeleton frame for structures
ranging in size from one-story to skyscrapers.
Because structural steel is difficult to work with on site, it is normally cut, shaped, and drilled in a
fabrication shop according to design specifications;
Structural steel may be left exposed in unprotected non-combustible construction, but because steel
can lose strength rapidyin a fire, fire-rated assemblies or coatings are required to qualify as fire-
resistive construction.
The three major types of framing systems
are the following: