DIGITAL FUNCTION GENERATOR

Model Frequency
FG9 / FGL9 1 MHz
FG9A / FGL9A 2 MHz
FG9B / FGL9B 3 MHz

OPERATING & INSTRUCTION MANUAL

ACCESS TECHNOLOGIES
MUMBAI

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The DIGITAL FUCTION GENERATOR Series FG / FGL is capable of providing
Sine , Square, Triangle, Ramp, Pulse and TTL Square Wave outputs. The
modes are selected through slide switches on the front panel. It has a constant
signal amplitude with the output signal symmetrical about zero. The frequency is
indicated on a digital indicator the front panel. It has a maximum of 20 V peak tp
peak signal amplitude with 50 / 600 Ohms load Impedance. It has an offset
control provided for signal which increase the versality of the instrument. The
function generator offers wide functional capability at a modest price.

This compact unit has ranges as per the Model as follows :

Model FG9 / FGL9 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz

Model FG9A / FGL9A 0.2 Hz to 2 MHz
Model FG9B / FGL9B 0.3 Hz to 3 MHz

Range & function selection adds convenience to versatility. Added features not
found in function generators of this price range are voltage control and a
separate pulse output suitable for synchronization or driving TTL logic circuits.

The instrument is designed using easily available components resulting in ease

of serviceability. Greater emphasis has been put on ruggedness & reliability with
the use of single PCB for complete circuit. The lower frequencies are of special
interest to servo manufacturers. Offers sine, square, triangle functions upto 1 / 2
/ 3 MHz (depending on Model), Ramp and Pulse functions are also typically
available.

Features
• Excellent wave shape, signal linearity and wave form symmetry
• Wide frequency range
• Wide functional capabilities at a modest price
• Commendable frequency and amplitude stability
• Separate trigger Output (TTL) and facility of DC offset
• Two switch selectable Output impedance 50 and 600 ohms
• VCO / FM In facility

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 1 MHz FUNCTION GENERATOR

Technical specifications

Frequency Range : 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz (Model FG9 / FGL9)

0.2 Hz to 2 MHz (Model FG9A / FGL9A)
0.3 Hz to 3 MHz (Model FG9B / FGL9B)
in 7 decadic ranges selectable by Push
Switch & Variable control between steps
Frequency Display : 5 Digit (7 segment LED) digital display
Function : Sine, Square, Triangle & TTL pulse o/p
Ramp and Pulse with the help of Duty
cycle / symmetry control
Duty Cycle (ramp & pulse) : Continuously variable for continuous
working
Output Amplitude : 20 V p/p into open circuit
10V p-p into 50 ohms
Attenuator : 0 to 60dB variable (2X20 dB step
attenuator and 20 dB fine control)
Output Impedance : 50ohms & 600ohms +/-10% (switchable)
Amplitude Flatness : +/- 0.5dB (upto 200KHz)
+/- 1dB (above 200KHz)
D. C. Offset : Variable upto +/-10V +/-5% into open
Circuit with On / Off

Waveform Characteristics
Sine : Distortion : < 1.5% upto 100 KHz
Square : <100 nsec. Approx rise time
Triangle : Linearity > 99% upto 100 KHz
RAMP / Pulse : 25 : 75 variation
Sync Output : TTL

General
FM / VCO : Available via external input
Int Sweep : Available with Rate & Width Control
Power : 230 V + 10%, 50 Hz
Accessories : BNC cable and
Instruction manual.

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PANEL CONTROLS

Control Description

Power On - Off Switch : The instrument is turned on by rocker

switch available on back panel.
Range Selector : The frequency range is selected by
means of PUSH switch to select the
appropriate overlapping range as
indicated on the front panel

Model FG9/FGL9 Model FG9A/FGL9A Model FG9B/FGL9B

1MHz 2MHz 3MHz
0.1 Hz to 1 Hz 0.2 Hz to 2 Hz 0.3 Hz to 3 Hz
1 Hz to 10 Hz 2 Hz to 20 Hz 3 Hz to 30 Hz
10 Hz to 100 Hz 20 Hz to 200 Hz 30 Hz to 300 Hz
100 Hz to 1 KHz 200 Hz to 2 KHz 300 Hz to 3 KHz
1 KHz to 10 KHz 2 KHz to 20 KHz 3 KHz to 30 KHz
10 KHz to 100 KHz 20 KHz to 200 KHz 30 KHz to 300 KHz
100 KHz to 1 MHz 200 KHz to 2 MHz 300 KHz to 3 MHz

Min / Max Indication : MIN & MAX ranges are indicated by LED
Fine Frequency Control : After selection of the range by means
of the PUSH switch on front panel,
adjustment of the frequency can be done
through this potentiometer control
Hz, KHz, MHz Indication : Units of Frequency displayed on 5 digit
7 segment readout as per range selected
(internally selected automatically)
(Green/Red LED Indication for Hz/KHz)
Function Selector : Select desired output waveform by
selecting the appropriate slide switch
position on the front panel
Function : Sine, Square, Triangle (by 3 position
slide switch Ramp, Pulse (by selecting
triangle or square respectively and
making Duty switch ON and varying
SYMMETRY) DC (by DC offset switch
POT and keeping level POT minimum)

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Output BNC Terminal : Wave forms selected by
FUNCTION switches as well as the super
imposed DC OFFSET voltages are
available on this BNC TERMINAL
SYNC O/P Terminal : A TTL wave is available at this terminal
by selection. The frequency is determined
by the range selected and the setting of
the FRE QUENCY pot. This output is
independent of the AMPLITUDE and DC
OFFSET controls
AMPLITUDE Level : Controls the amplitude of the output
signal, which appears at OUTPUT
TERMINAL
ATTENUATOR : 2 X 20 dB steps -both pressed gives 40dB
Output Impedance : 600 / 50 ohms selection (50 ohms
Impedance usually used in high frequency
for square wave form viewing & amplitude
flatness for better response)
For sine wave 600 ohms is used generally
DUTY ON & By varying DUTY CYCLE
Symmetery Control : SYMMETRY POT you can Pulse
and Ramp waveform.
DC OFFSET Control : Controls the DC Offset of the output. Both
negative and positive offset can be
adjusted with the help of this control
SWEEP On / Off : The INT SWEEP can be made ON by this
Push switch. RATE & WIDTH Controls are
provided for Sweep adjustment
MODULATION Control
FM / VCO IN : External Modulating Signal is given to this
BNC Socket. Frequency Deviation of FM
is controlled by varying amplitude of the
Ext Modulating Signal

Back Panel Control

ON / OFF : Rocker switch for on / off operation
Fuse : For protection

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 OPERATING INFORMATION

Installation
A. MAINS SUPPLY :
This instrument will work satisfactorily with electric mains voltage between 195V
and 245 V A. C. 50 Hz. In case of fluctuation beyond these voltages, a suitable
external transformer should be provided for voltage adjustment within the
specified limits.

B. EARTHING :
It is not essential to earth the instrument for proper operation. However, the
earhting by means of the earthing pin of the power supply receptacle is provided
for safer operation.

OPERATION

A. CONNECTING TO MAINS :
Connect the instrument to the electric mains by means of the three pin mains
plug. Switch the instrument ON by the power switch provided on the panel. The
digital display of frequency will light up on the panel. The instrument is now ready
for use.

The following steps are recommended for first time operation.

1. Connect the power chord to 230 V Mains and switch on the supply on panel.
Notice indication on digital indicator on front panel.
2. Select the frequency range desired by PUSH switch.
3. Select the waveform desired by selecting the appropriate FUNCTION slide
switch on front panel for Sine, Square , Triangle waveforme
Ramp and Pulse : By duty cycle variation (Symmetry) Ramp and Pulse can
be varied after selecting Triangle and Square respectively.
a) Keep Slide switch at Square / Triangle to get Pulse / Ramp respectively
b) Press DUTY ON switch.
c) Vary SYMMETRY control.
4. After selection of the range by means of PUSH switch on front panel, Coarse
and fine adjustment of the frequency can be done.
5. The amplitude of the selected output signal is adjusted by Amplitude control
on the front panel. The (sync output) is not affected by Amplitude control.
6. Two step attenuator of 20dB each are provided, pressing both together 40dB
7. The set frequency is indicated on the 5 digit digital display. The display is to
be read in conjunction with the Hz / KHz LED indicator. For example if the Hz
LED is glowing and display shows 104 then the reading is 104 Hz. In case
the reading is 104.5 and the KHz indicator glows then the reading is 104.5
KHz and so on. The gate time is pre - setted

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Ranges Gate time
(The counter will show correct frequency only after 2/3 samples)

0.1 Hz to 1 Hz / 0.2 Hz to 2 Hz / 0.3 Hz to 3 Hz 10 sec

1 Hz to 10 Hz / 2 Hz to 20 Hz / 3 Hz to 30 Hz 1 sec
10 Hz to 100 Hz / 20 Hz to 200 Hz / 30 Hz to 300 Hz 1 sec
100 Hz to 1 KHz / 200 Hz to 2 KHz / 300 Hz to 3 KHz 1 sec
1 KHz to 10 KHz / 2 KHz to 20 KHz / 3 KHz to 30 KHz 0.1 sec
10 KHz to 100 KHz / 20 KHz to 200 KHz / 30 KHz to 300 KHz 0.1 sec
100 KHz to 1 MHz / 200 KHz to 2 MHz / 300 KHz to 3 MHz 0.1 sec

8. When there is a application to give DC shift (+ or -) to the output wave form

then use this control. Adjust DC Offset control to notice shift in the base line of
the display. + 10 V DC shift is available. Lock this control when waveform
reference is to be kept Zero or GND. Use CRO for exact setting of DC Offset
addition.

9. When using the higher output frequencies and the square wave and TTL
outputs, terminate the cable with the same impedance to minimise ringing.
Keep the cables as short as possible. Use of 1 : 10 probe probe usually
supplied with oscilloscopes will give correct square waveform with almost flat
amplitude. This cable also avoid capacitive loading by nulling effect, this will
give correct rise / fall times and output amplitude flatness at higher
frequencies.
For better waveform viewing Waveform O/p Impedance
Sine / Triangle 600 ohms
Square wave 50 ohms at high frequency
i.e. > 100 KHz
Rise / fall time will improve

10.The required attenuation upto 60 dB can be achieved through attenuation 2 x

20 dB and 20 dB fine.

11.The FM IN mode by FM / VCO BNC provided on the front is used to insert

external AC source as a frequency deviation source. Recommended signal
frequency is upto 20 KHz and voltage level of approx. 0 to 10 V p-p VCO
Operation can also be done by inseting DC in the same BNC terminals.

12.The INT SWEEP can be made ON by Push Switch. Rate & Width controls are
provided for Sweep adjustments.

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 FOR EXT FM / VCO OPERATION

Set up the Instrument as described in the Function Generator operation.

Use the Frequency & Amplitude Controls to set the Carrier to the desired
Frequency & Amplitude.
Connect an External AC Modulating Signal with no DC component to the
FM / VCO IN on panel.

1) Insert External Modulating signal in BNC provided (FM / VCO in)

2) Select correct frequency of operation.

3) In case of FM ensure that deviation given is less than operative

frequency.

4) Adjust Deviation by AMP POT available.

5) You can also adjust with the help of level of external source (modulating
waveform).

FOR VCO OPERATION

1) Insert DC 0 to 10 V (approx) in BNC provided FM / VCO IN

2) Keep Frequency at 200KHz

4) Frequency will change to wards lower side. Hence we get variable Tuning
range.

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 APPLICATION

1. TTL Output :
This is a fast rise time square wave output available at the front panel. Rise
/ Fall time is less than 70 nano seconds. The output is always positive w . r
. t. ground. This signal can be used as an external sync. pulse for
oscilloscopes when using the other generator outputs. It can also be used
as a variable frequency signal source for exercising logic circuits.

1. Select desired frequency (repetition rate)

2. Connect to TTL output
3. The AMPLITUDE and DC OFFSET have no effect on the TTL
output signal

2. Main Applications
a) Amplifier frequency response
b) Tone control Test
c) Amplifier performance evaluation using square waves
d) Amplifier overload characteristics
e) Speaker system testing
f) Using as a bias and signal source
g) Digital frequency selection
h) Communication receiver alignment
i) FM operation

PRECAUTIONS
1. Do not use in any of the following locations :
a) Places where the unit is exposed to direct sunlight.
b) Places where temperature and humidity are high as it will affect lower
frequency ranges.
c) Places where there are mechanical vibrations.
2. Although will start operating as soon as power is supplied. However,
allow over half an hour for the set to warm up when making an accurate
measurement.

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