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Assignment 2

P R A C T I C E T E S T

1. Balance the following equation:


___NH3 + ___O2 → ___NO2 + ___H2O
The balanced equation shows that 1.00 mole of NH3 requires ___ mole(s) of O2.
a) 0.57 c) 1.33
b) 1.25 d) 1.75

2. Write a balanced equation for the combustion of acetaldehyde, CH3CHO.

When properly balanced, the equation indicates that ___ mole(s) of O2 are required for
each mole of CH3CHO.
a) 1 c) 2.5
b) 2 d) 3

3. Balance the following equation with the SMALLEST WHOLE NUMBER


COEFFICIENTS possible. Select the number that is the sum of the coefficients in the
balanced equation:
___KClO3 → ___KCl + ___O2
a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 8

4. Write a balanced equation for the combustion of propane, C3H8.

When properly balanced, the equation indicates that ___ moles of O2 are required for each
mole of C3H8.
a) 3 b) 3.5 c) 5 d) 8

5. What is the total mass of products formed when 16 grams of CH4 is burned with excess
oxygen?
a) 80 g c) 36 g
b) 44 g d) 32 g

6. Calculate the mass of hydrogen formed when 25 g of aluminum reacts with excess
hydrochloric acid.
2Al + 6HCl → 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2

Student Guide Book 1


a) 0.41 g c) 1.2 g
b) 0.92 g d) 2.8 g

7. How many grams of the mixed oxide, Fe3O4, are formed when 6.00 g of O2 react with Fe
according to
3Fe + 2O2 → Fe3O4
a) 43.4 c) 174
b) 86.8 d) 21.7

8. For the reaction:


2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 + Cl2 →
2KMnO4 + 2KCl + 2H2O
there is 100. g of each reactant available. Which reagent is the limiting reagent?
[Molar Masses: MnO2=86.9; KOH=56.1; O2=32.0; Cl2=70.9]
a) MnO2 c) O2
b) KOH d) Cl2

9. How many grams of nitric acid, HNO3, can be prepared from the reaction of 92.0 g of NO2
with 36.0 g H2O?
3NO2 + H2O → 2HNO3 + NO
a) 64 c) 84
b) 76 d) 116

Student Guide Book 2


10. The reaction of 25.0 g benzene, C6H6, with excess HNO3 resulted in 21.4 g C6H5NO2.
What is the percentage yield?
C6H6 + HNO3 → C6H5NO2 + H2O
a) 100% c) 54.3%
b) 27.4% d) 85.6%

11. How many grams of H2O will be formed when 16.0 g H2 is allowed to react with 16.0 g
O2 according to
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O?
a) 18.0 g c) 9.00 g
b) 144 g d) 32.0 g

12. When 8.00 g of H2 reacts with 32.0 g of O2 in an explosion, 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, the final
gas mixture will contain:
a) H2, H2O, and O2 c) O2 and H2O only
b) H2 and H2O only d) H2 and O2 only

13. 1.056 g of metal carbonate, containing an unknown metal, M, were heated to give the metal
oxide and 0.376 g CO2.
MCO3(s) + heat → MO(s) + CO2(g)
What is the identity of the metal M?
a) Mg c) Zn
b) Cu d) Ba

Student Guide Book 3


14. Styrene, the building block of polystyrene, is a hydrocarbon, a compound containing only
C and H. A given sample is burned completely and it produces 1.481 g of CO2 and 0.303
g of H2O. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
a) CH c) C2H3
b) CH2 d) C2H5

Student Guide Book 4


Assignment 3
P R A C T I C E T E S T

1. Balance the following equation:


___NH3 + ___O2 → ___NO2 + ___H2O
The balanced equation shows that 1.00 mole of NH3 requires ___ mole(s) of O2.
a) 0.57 c) 1.33
b) 1.25 d) 1.75

2. Write a balanced equation for the combustion of acetaldehyde, CH3CHO.

When properly balanced, the equation indicates that ___ mole(s) of O2 are required for
each mole of CH3CHO.
a) 1 c) 2.5
b) 2 d) 3

3. Balance the following equation with the SMALLEST WHOLE NUMBER


COEFFICIENTS possible. Select the number that is the sum of the coefficients in the
balanced equation:
___KClO3 → ___KCl + ___O2
a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 8

4. Write a balanced equation for the combustion of propane, C3H8.

When properly balanced, the equation indicates that ___ moles of O2 are required for each
mole of C3H8.
a) 3 b) 3.5 c) 5 d) 8

5. What is the total mass of products formed when 16 grams of CH4 is burned with excess
oxygen?
a) 80 g c) 36 g
b) 44 g d) 32 g

6. Calculate the mass of hydrogen formed when 25 g of aluminum reacts with excess
hydrochloric acid.
2Al + 6HCl → 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2

Student Guide Book 5


a) 0.41 g c) 1.2 g
b) 0.92 g d) 2.8 g

7. How many grams of the mixed oxide, Fe3O4, are formed when 6.00 g of O2 react with Fe
according to
3Fe + 2O2 → Fe3O4
a) 43.4 c) 174
b) 86.8 d) 21.7

8. For the reaction:


2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 + Cl2 →
2KMnO4 + 2KCl + 2H2O
there is 100. g of each reactant available. Which reagent is the limiting reagent?
[Molar Masses: MnO2=86.9; KOH=56.1; O2=32.0; Cl2=70.9]
a) MnO2 c) O2
b) KOH d) Cl2

9. How many grams of nitric acid, HNO3, can be prepared from the reaction of 92.0 g of NO2
with 36.0 g H2O?
3NO2 + H2O → 2HNO3 + NO
a) 64 c) 84
b) 76 d) 116

Student Guide Book 6


10. The reaction of 25.0 g benzene, C6H6, with excess HNO3 resulted in 21.4 g C6H5NO2.
What is the percentage yield?
C6H6 + HNO3 → C6H5NO2 + H2O
a) 100% c) 54.3%
b) 27.4% d) 85.6%

11. How many grams of H2O will be formed when 16.0 g H2 is allowed to react with 16.0 g
O2 according to
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O?
a) 18.0 g c) 9.00 g
b) 144 g d) 32.0 g

12. When 8.00 g of H2 reacts with 32.0 g of O2 in an explosion, 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, the final
gas mixture will contain:
a) H2, H2O, and O2 c) O2 and H2O only
b) H2 and H2O only d) H2 and O2 only

13. 1.056 g of metal carbonate, containing an unknown metal, M, were heated to give the metal
oxide and 0.376 g CO2.
MCO3(s) + heat → MO(s) + CO2(g)
What is the identity of the metal M?
a) Mg c) Zn
b) Cu d) Ba

Student Guide Book 7


14. Styrene, the building block of polystyrene, is a hydrocarbon, a compound containing only
C and H. A given sample is burned completely and it produces 1.481 g of CO2 and 0.303
g of H2O. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
a) CH c) C2H3
b) CH2 d) C2H5

Student Guide Book 8


Assignment 4

reaksi ΔH
Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) -467 kJ/mol

MgO(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) -151 kJ/mol


27. berdasarkan informasi diatas, dan diberikan data untuk air, ΔHf = -286 kJ/mol, berapa ΔHf
MgO(s) ?
(A) -904 kJ/mol (C) -334 kJ/mol
(B) -602 kJ/mol (D) -30 kJ/mol

22. Karbon bereaksi dengan oksigen berdasarkan reaksi berikut 2C(s) + O2(g) → 2CO(g)
ΔH = -220 kJ
Pernyataan mana yang benar ?
1. reaksi adalah eksotermik.
2. pembakaran 0.50 mol karbon menghasilkan 55 kJ energy panas
(A) hanya 1 (C) 1 dan 2
(B) hanya 2 (D) bukan 1 atau 2

24. Gunakan data, ΔH° untuk reaksi ini


NO(g) + ½ O2(g) → NO2(g)
Reaksi ΔH°, kJ/mol
½ N2(g) + ½ O2(g) → NO(g) 90.2 kJ/mol
½ N2(g) + O2(g) → NO2(g) 33.2 kJ/mol
(A) -57.0 (C) +28.5
(B) -28.5 (D) +57.0

25. 1.0 g sample A pada 100 °C ditambahkan kedalam 100 ml H2O pada 25 °C. Menggunakan
100 mL H2O terpisah lainnya, prosedur diulang dengan sampel B dengan sampel C.
Bagaimana temperatur akhir dari air ?
Sampel Panas spesifik
A 0.60 J g-1 °C-1
B 0.40 J g-1 °C-1
C 0.20 J g-1 °C-1
(A) Tc > Tb > Ta (C) Ta > Tb > Tc
(B) Tb > Ta > Tc (D) Ta = Tb = Tc

Student Guide Book 9


26. Seberapa besar benzene, C6H6(l), harus dibakar didalam sebuah bomb calorimeter untuk
mencapai temperaturnya 1.5 °C ? Diberikan: Konstanta calorimeter 12.59 kJ/C dan
ΔH°:pembakaran for C6H6 = -41.9 kJ g¯1
(A) 0.45 g (C) 3.3 g
(B) 2.8 g (D) 8.4 g

19. 30.0 mL air pada 10 °C dicampur dengan 50.0 mL air pada 60 °C. Berapa temperature akhir
dari campuran ?
(A) 31 °C (C) 41 °C
(B) 35 °C (D) 46 °C

24. Berapa nilai ΔH° untuk reaksi


Fe2O3(s) + 3H2O(l) → 2Fe(OH)3(s)
Senyawa ΔH°f (kJ/mol)
Fe2O3(s) -824.2
Fe(OH)3(s) -823.0
H2O(l) -285.8
(A) 35.6 kJ (C) 858.6 kJ
(B) 286 kJ (D) -536 kJ

25. Ketika Na2S2O3 . 3H2O dilarutkan dalam air, larutan menjadi dingin. Diagram mana yang
merepresentasikan kejadian dalam larutan tersebut ?

Student Guide Book 10


NChO 1996
22. The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH°f) for sodium bromide is the enthalpy change for
the reaction
(A) Na+(g) + Br¯(g) → NaBr(g)
(B) Na+(g) + Br¯(g) → NaBr(s)
(C) 2 Na(s) + Br2(g) → 2 NaBr(s)
(D) Na(s) + ½ Br2(l) → NaBr(s)

23. Use the standard enthalpies of formation in the table to calculate ΔH° for this reaction:
2 CrO42¯(aq) + 2 H+(aq) → Cr2O72¯(aq) + H2O(l)
Substance ΔH°f, kJ mol¯1
CrO42¯(aq) - 881.2
2
Cr2O7 ¯(aq) - 1490.3
+
H (aq) 0
H2O(l) - 285.8
(A) 272.1 kJ (C) -13.7 kJ
(B) 13.7 kJ (D) -272.1 kJ

NChO 1995
21. For which of these processes is the sign of the enthalpy change different from the others?
(A) Al2O3(s) → 2 Al(s) + 3/2 O2(g)
(B) H2O(s) → H2O(l)
(C) Cl2(g) → 2Cl(g)
(D) Cl(g) + e¯ → Cl¯(g)

22. The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH°) for nitrogen(IV) oxide is the enthalpy change for
the reaction
(A) N(g) + 2O(g) → NO2(g)
(B) ½ N2(g) + O2(g) → NO2(g)
(C) ½ N2O4(g) → NO2(g)
(D) NO(g) + ½ O2 → NO2(g)

23. In a bomb calorimeter, reactions are carried out at


(A) constant volume.
(B) constant pressure.

Student Guide Book 11


(C) 1 atm pressure and 25 °C.
(D) 1 atm pressure and 0 °C.

Student Guide Book 12


26. Consider the reaction
Hg(l) + 2 Ag+(aq) → Hg2+(aq) + 2 Ag(s)
What is the enthalpy change for this reaction if ΔH°f for Ag+ (aq) is +105.6 kJ mol¯1 and for
Hg2+ (aq) is +171.1 kJ mol¯1?
(A) 65.5 kJ are evolved per mole of Hg.
(B) 65.5 lK are absorbed per mole of Hg.
(C) 40.1 kJ are evolved per mole of Hg.
(D) 40.1 kJ are absorbed per mole of Hg.

NChO 1994
24. A student mixes 100 mL of 0.50 M NaOH with 100 mL of 0.50 M HCl in a styrofoam cup
and observes a temperature increase of ΔT1. When she repeats this experiment using 200mL
of each solution, she observes a temperature change of ΔT2. If no heat is lost to the
surroundings or absorbed by the styrofoam cup, what is true about ΔT1 and Δ T2?
(A) ΔT2 = ΔT1 (C) ΔT2 = 2 ΔT1
(B) ΔT2 = 0.5 ΔT1 (D) ΔT2 = 4 ΔT1

27) Given these values of ΔH°: ΔH°


CS2(l) + 3O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2SO2(g) - 1077 kJ
H2(g) + O2(g) → H2O2(l) - 188 kJ
H2(g) + (1/2) O2(g) → H2O(l) - 286 kJ
What is the value of ΔH° for this reaction?
CS2(l) + 6 H2O2(l) → CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l) + 2 SO2(g)
(A) -1175 kJ (C) -1665 kJ
(B) -1551 kJ (D) -3921 kJ

NChO 1993
13. Which process or reaction has a positive ΔH?
(A) H2O(l) → H2O(s)
(B) 2CH3OH(l) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 4H2O(l)
(C) CO2(s) → CO2(g)
(D) 2 Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2 NaCl (s)

15. For the reaction


H2(g) + I2(s) → 2 HI(g) ΔHrxn = 53.0 kJ

Student Guide Book 13


What will be the value of ΔHrxn (in kJ) for this rxn ?
HI(g) → ½ H2(g) + ½ I2(s)
(A) 26.5 (C) -26.5
(B) 7.3 (D) -53.0

Student Guide Book 14


Assignment 5
1. Which oxide forms a basic solution when mixed with water?
(A) K2O (C) CO2
(B) Al2O3 (D) SO3

35. Which 0.1 M solution has the highest pH?


(A) sodium carbonate
(B) sodium chloride
(C) ammonium carbonate
(D) ammonium chloride

36. Which is the strongest acid?


(A) acetic acid - (Ka = 1.8 x 10¯5)
(B) benzoic acid - (Ka = 6.3 x 10¯5)
(C) formic acid - (Ka = 1.8 x 10¯4)
(D) nitrous acid - (Ka = 6.0 x 10¯4)

37. What is the order of concentration of the ions and molecules in a nitrous acid solution?
Nitrous acid, HNO2, is a weak acid.
(A) H3O+ = NO2¯ > HNO2 > OH¯
(B) H3O+ = NO2¯ = HNO2 = OH¯
(C) HNO2 > H3O+ = NO2¯ > OH¯
(D) HNO2 > NO2¯ > H3O+ > OH¯

NChO 1998
33. A water solution of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, has a pH greater than 7 because
(A) it contains more carbonate ions than water molecules.
(B) it contains more sodium ions than carbonate ions.
(C) sodium ions react with water.
(D) carbonate ions react with water.

34. Which species dissociates most completely in water solution?


(A) NH4+ (C) HNO3
(B) H2CO3 (D) HSO4¯

Student Guide Book 15


37. According to Brønsted -Lowry Theory, which of these species cannot be amphoteric?
(A) NH4+(aq) (C) NH2¯(aq)
(B) NH3(aq) (D) NH2¯(aq)

NChO 1997
34. Which acid reacts with NaOH to form sodium hypochlorite (the ingredient in household
bleach)?
(A) HOCl (C) HOClO2
(B) HOClO (D) HOClO3

35. Which of these acids is the strongest in aqueous solution?


(A) H3PO4 (C) HClO3
(B) H2SO3 (D) HOCl

37. Normal rain water has a pH of 5.6. This is best explained by the presence of
(A) nitrogen oxides.
(B) carbon dioxide.
(C) sulfur oxides.
(D) particulates.

38. In a 0.050 M solution of a weak monoprotic acid, [H+]= 1.8 x 10¯3. What is its Ka?
(A) 3.6 x 10¯2 (C) 6.7 x 10¯5
(B) 9.0 x 10¯5 (D) 1.6 x 10¯7

NChO 1996
34. According to the Brønsted-Lowry definition, a base is a substance that
(A) increases the hydroxide ion concentration in water.
(B) can react with water to form OH¯ ions.
(C) can donate an electron pair to form a covalent bond.
(D) can accept a proton from an acid.

5. What is the pH of a 0.02 M solution of KOH?


(A) 12.3 (C) 2.0
(B) 12.0 (D) 1.7

36. Which couple is not a conjugate acid-base pair?


Student Guide Book 16
(A) HCO3¯ and CO32¯
(B) H3O+ and H2O
(C) H2PO4¯ and PO43¯
(D) NH3 and NH2¯

37. These acids are listed in order of decreasing acid strength in water.
HI > HNO2 > CH3COOH > HCN
According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, which anion is the weakest base?
(A) I¯ (C) CH3COO¯
(B) NO2¯ (D) CN¯

38. What is the [H+] in a 0.40 M solution of HOCl?


Substance Equilibrium Constant, Ka
HOCl 3.5 x 10¯8
(A) 1.4 x 10¯8 M (C) 1.9 x 10¯4 M
(B) 1.2 x 10¯4 M (D) 3.7 x 10¯4 M

39. Which of these salts will give a basic solution when added to water?
(A) NH4NO3 (C) Ca(NO3)2
(B) NH4C2H3O2 (D) Ca(C2H3O2)2

NChO 1995
2. When sodium oxide, Na2O, is added to water, the major products expected are
(A) Na+ and OH¯ ions
(B) Na+ ions and H2O
(C) Na+ and O2¯ ions
(D) Na+ and OH¯ ions, and O2 gas

36. At 0 °C the ion product constant of water, Kw, is 1.2 x 10¯15. The pH of pure water at this
temperature is
(A) 6.88 (C) 7.46
(B) 7.00 (D) 7.56

Student Guide Book 17


37. What is the [H+] in a 0.010 M solution of HCN? The equilibrium constant, Ka, for HCN
equals 6.2 x 10¯10
(A) 3.6 x 10¯3 M (C) 1.0 x 10¯7 M
(B) 2.5 x 10¯6 M (D) 6.2 x 10¯10 M

38. HCN(aq) + HCO3¯(aq)


CN¯(aq) + H2CO3(aq)
If the value of the equilibrium constant, K, is less than 1, what is the strongest base in this
system?
(A) HCN (C) CN¯
(B) HCO3¯ (D) H2CO3

40. The conjugate acid of the bicarbonate ion, HCO3¯, in H2O is


(A) H3O+ (C) OH¯
2
(B) CO3 ¯ (D) H2CO3

41. The sodium salt, NaA, of a weak acid is dissolved in water and no other substance is added.
Which of the following statements is corrected?
(A) [H+] = [A¯] (C) [A¯] = [OH¯]
+
(B) [H ] = [OH¯] (D) [HA] = [OH¯]

42. Which of these ions is predicted to produce the most acidic solution when dissolved in H2O?
(A) K+ (C) Co2+
(B) Ba2+ (D) Fe3+

43. When 0.10 M solutions of the solutes; HClO4, NH4Br, KOH, KCN, are arranged in order in
increasing [H+], the correct order is
(A) KOH < KCN < NH4Br < HClO4
(B) KCN < KOH < HClO4 < NH4Br
(C) HClO4 < NH4Br < KCN < KOH
(D) NH4Br < HClO4 < KOH < KCN

Student Guide Book 18


Assignment 6
NChO Practice Problems

1985
43. The chemical reaction taking place in a dry cell may be written
Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2MnO2(s)
→ Zn2+(aq) + 2MnO(OH).
The battery is to be discarded after 2.00 g of zinc is converted to Zn2+(aq). If 0.0100
amperes of current is continuously drawn, for how many seconds can the battery operate?
a) [(65.4) (0.0100)] ÷ [(2) (96,500)]
b) [(2) (96,500)] ÷ [(0.0100) (65.4)]
c) [(2) (65.4) (96,500)] ÷ (0.0100)
d) [(2.00) (2) (96,500)] ÷ [(65.4) (0.0100)]

44. In the oxidation-reduction reaction


Sn4+ + 2 Fe2+ → 2 Fe3+ + Sn2+
a) Sn4+ is the oxidizing agent and Fe2+ is the reducing agent.
b) Sn4+ is the reducing agent and Fe2+ is the oxidizing agent.
c) Sn4+ is the reducing agent and Fe3+ is the oxidizing agent.
d) Fe3+ is the oxidizing agent and Sn2+ is the reducing agent.

45. Given the standard reduction potentials


Cu2+ + 2e¯ Cu(s) E° = +0.34 Volt
Al3+ + 3e¯ Al(s) E° = -1.66 Volt
Calculate the standard voltage for the reaction
2Al(s) + 3Cu2+ → 2Al3+ + 3Cu(s)
a) -1.22 Volt b) +2.00 Volt
c) +4.34 Volt d) +5.86 Volt

Student Guide Book 19


1986
46. Given the standard electrode (reduction) potentials:
Cd2+(aq) + 2e¯ → Cd(s) E° = -0.40 v
Ag+(aq) + e¯ → Ag(s) E° = +0.80 v
What would be the E° for a cadmium-silver cell?
a) 0.4 v b) 0.5 v
c) 1.2 v d) 2.0 v

48. A current of 10.0 amperes flows for 2.00 hours through an electrolytic cell containing a
molten salt of metal x. This results in the decomposition of 0.250 mole of metal x at the
cathode. The oxidation state of x in the molten salt is
a) 1+ b) 2+ c) 3+ d) 4+

49. In a voltaic cell, oxidation occurs at the


a) anode
b) cathode
c) salt bridge
d) electrode at which electrons enter from the outside

50. The free energy change for the chemical reaction that occurs in a voltaic cell when it is
discharging and producing an electric current must be
a) positive b) negative
c) zero d) unpredictable

1988
34. In the reaction
SO2 + 2 H2S → 3 S + 2 H2O
a) sulfur is oxidized and hydrogen is reduced
b) sulfur is reduced and there is no oxidation
c) sulfur is reduced and hydrogen is oxidized
d) sulfur is both reduced and oxidized

35. Which group among the representative (main-group) elements contains the most powerful
oxidizing agent?
a) group I b) group III
c) group VI d) group VII

Student Guide Book 20


36. The following standard electrode (reduction) potentials refer to aqueous solution at 25°C.
Ni2+(aq) + 2e¯ Ni(s) E° = - 0.25 V
Cu2+(aq) + 2e¯ Cu(s) E° = + 0.34 V
Fe3+(aq) + e¯ Fe2+(aq) E° = + 0.77 V
What is the standard potential for the reaction
Cu2+(aq) + Ni(s) Cu(s) + Ni2+(aq) ?
a) 0.09 V b) 0.59 V
c) 0.86 V d) 1.02 V

37. Which ion, in solution, can be oxidized by appropriate chemical means but also can be
reduced by a different chemical reaction?
a) Fe2+ b) F¯
2
c) CO3 ¯ d) NO3¯

1989
49. Zinc reacts with dilute acid to produce H2 and Zn2+ but silver does not liberate hydrogen
from an acid. This information enables one to predict that
a) H2(g) + Zn2+(aq) → 2H+(aq) + Zn(s)
b) 2 Ag(s) + Zn2+(aq) → 2Ag+(aq) + Zn(s)
c) 2 Ag+(aq) + Zn(s) → 2Ag(s) + Zn2+(aq)
d) 2 Ag(s) + 2H+(aq) → H2(g) + 2 Ag+(aq)

50. In the electroplating of silver from cyanide solution the cathode reaction is
Ag(CN)2¯ (aq) + e- → Ag(s) + 2CN¯ (aq)
How many grams of silver should be deposited by a current of 4.50 amperes in 28.0
minutes?
a) 0.141 g b) 4.23 g
c) 8.45 g d) 12.53 g

Student Guide Book 21


1990
17. For the reaction shown below, which statement is true? 2Fe + 3 CdCl2 2 FeCl3 + 3Cd
a) Fe is the oxidizing agent
b) Cd undergoes oxidation
c) Cd is the reducing agent
d) Fe undergoes oxidation

19. What is the potential in volts for the spontaneous reaction between the Ag/Ag2+ and Zn/Zn2+
half-cells?
Zn2+ + 2e¯ → Zn E° = -0.763V
Ag+ + 1e¯ → Ag E° = 0.799V
a) -2.361 b) -1.562
c) 1.562 d) 2.361

1991
47. Given the standard reduction potentials,
Cr3+ + 3e¯ → Cr -0.74 V
Pb2+ + 2e¯ → Pb -0.13 V
what is the standard potential, E°, for the following reaction?
2 Cr + 3 Pb2+ → 2 Cr3+ + 3 Pb
a) 0.61 V b) 0.87 V
c) 1.09 V d) 1.87 V

Half-cell reaction E°
Cu2+ (aq) + 2e¯ → Cu(s) -0.25 V
Ni2+ (aq) + 2e¯ → Ni(s) +0.34 V
65. When two half-cells are connected using a salt bridge,
a) a galvanic cell will result in which Cu is the cathode
b) a galvanic cell will result in which Cu is the anode
c) an electrolytic cell will result in which Ni is the cathode
d) an electrolytic cell will result in which Ni is the anode

Student Guide Book 22


1992
58. Corrosion of ships can be minimized by attaching a "sacrificial plate" of zinc to the hull.
This plate corrodes instead of the steel of the ship because
a) the zinc behaves as a cathode, and is oxidized to zinc ions.
b) the zinc behaves as an anode, and is oxidized to zinc ions.
c) the steel hull behaves as a cathode, and is reduced to iron ions.
d) the steel hull behaves as an anode, and is reduced to iron ions.

59. A spoon is made the cathode in an electroplating apparatus containing a AgNO3 solution.
How many grams of Ag will be plated on the spoon if a current of 2.00 A is passed through
the apparatus for 1.90 min.?
a) 0.255 g b) 0.150 g
c) 0.128 g d) 0.0638 g

60. A cell is set up using the following reactions:


Zn | Zn2+ (0.5M) || Ni2+ (0.1 M) | Ni
Ni2+ + 2e¯ → Ni E° = -0.250 V
Zn2+ + 2e¯ → Zn E° = -0.763 V
What is the voltage of the cell?
a) -0.513 V b) -1.013 V
c) 0.492 V d) 0.513 V

1993
67. How many grams of cobalt metal will be deposited when a solution of cobalt(II) chloride is
electrolyzed with a current of 10. amperes for 109 minutes?
a) 0.66 b) 4.0
c) 20 d) 40

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66. What voltage will be produced by the electrochemical cell?

Reduction Potentials
Pb2+ + 2e¯ → Pb -0.13 V
Al3+ + 3e¯ → Al -1.68 V
a) 2.97V b) 1.55V
c) -1.81V d) -2.97V

1994
46. If solid nickel metal were added to separate aqueous solutions each containing 1M
concentrations of Ag+, Cd2+, and Sn2+ ions, how many metals would plate out, based on the
given standard reaction potentials?
Standard Reduction Potentials
Ag+/Ag 0.799 V
2+
Sn /Sn -0.141 V
2+
Ni /Ni -0.236 V
2+
Cd /Cd -0.400 V
a) zero b) one
c) two d) three

48. Solutions of Ag+, Cu2+, Fe3+ and Ti4+ are electrolyzed with a constant current until 0.10 mol
of metal is deposited. Which will require the greatest length of time?
a) Ag+ b) Cu2+
c) Fe3+ d) Ti4+

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1996
43. Use these reduction potentials to determine which one of the reactions below is spontaneous.
Reduction
Reaction
Potentials, E°
Ag+ + e¯ → Ag 0.800 V
2+
Pb + 2e¯ → Pb - 0.126 V
V2+ + 2e¯ → V - 1.18 V
a) V2+ + 2 Ag → V + 2 Ag+
b) V2+ + Pb → V + Pb2+
c) 2 Ag+ + Pb2+ → 2 Ag + Pb
d) 2 Ag+ + Pb → 2 Ag + Pb2+

44. It is possible to produce chlorine gas by electrolyzing any of these chlorine-containing


compounds under the proper conditions. Which compound will require the smallest number
of coulombs to produce one mole of chlorine?
a) Ca(OCl)2 b) NaClO2
c) KClO3 d) Mg(ClO4)2

1997
43. What is the function of H2O2 in this reaction?
6H+ + 2MnO4¯ + 5H2O2 → 2Mn2+ + 5O2 + 8H2O
a) catalyst b) reducing agent
c) oxidizing agent d) inhibitor

44. How much hydrogen is produced from the electrolysis of water in the same time that 2.2 L
of oxygen is formed?
a) 0.14 L b) 1.1 L
c) 2.2 L d) 4.4 L

45. Which of these changes will cause the value of the potential for this half-reaction to be less
negative? (E° = -0.28 V for the reaction.)
Co2+(aq) + 2 e¯ → Co(s)
a) increasing the amount of solid Co
b) decreasing the amount of solid Co

Student Guide Book 25


c) increasing the concentration of Co2+(aq)
d) decreasing the concentration of Co2+(aq)

1998
40. For this reaction, E°cell = 0.79 V.
6I¯(aq) + Cr2O72¯(aq) + 14H+
→ 3I2 (aq) + 2Cr3+(aq) + 7H2O(aq)
Given that the standard reduction potential for
Cr2O72¯(aq) → 2Cr3+ (aq) is 1.33 V, what is E°red for I2(aq)?
a) +0.54 V b) -0.54 V
c) +0.18 V d) -0.18 V

41. What is the product formed at the anode in the electrolysis of 1.0 M NaNO3(aq)?
a) H2(g) b) NO2(g)
c) O2(g) d) Na(s)

42. Which of these ions is the best reducing agent?


Standard Reduction Potentials, E°
Fe3+(aq) + e¯ → Fe2+(aq) +0.77 V
Cu2+(aq) + e¯ → Cu+(aq) +0.15 V
a) Fe3+ b) Fe2+
c) Cu2+ d) Cu+

43. Zn(s) + Cl2(g, 1 atm)


Zn2+(aq, 1 M) + 2Cl¯(aq, 1 M)
An electrochemical cell based on this reaction has a cell voltage, E°, of 2.12 V. Which
change could make the cell voltage greater than 2.12 V?
a) add more Zn(s)
b) add more Cl¯(aq) ions
c) decrease the concentration of Zn2+(aq) ions
d) decrease the partial pressure of Cl2

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Assignment 7
P R A C T I C E T E S T

1. Which of the following does NOT influence the speed of a chemical reaction?
a) concentration of reactants
b) nature of reactants
c) temperature
d) presence of a catalyst
e) none of these

2. What would cause the change in the kinetic energy diagrams as shown?

KE KE
a) increasing the ΔH
b) decreasing the temperature
c) increasing the surface area
d) addition of a catalyst
e) increasing the concentration of reactant

3. Diketahui diagram waktu vs konsentrasi untuk reaksi A → B. Berapa laju dari B setelah 20
detik reaksi berjalan?

a) 0.050 mol/L⋅s d) 0.010 mol/L⋅s


b) 3.2 mol/L⋅s e) 9.8 mol/L⋅s
c) 2.2 mol/L⋅s

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4. The reaction 3O2 → 2O3 is proceeding with a rate of disappearance of O2 equal to 0.60
mol/L⋅s. What is the rate of appearance of O3, in mol/L⋅s?
a) 0.60 d) 0.90
b) 0.40 e) 1.20
c) 0.10

5. A reaction has the rate law Rate = k[A]2[B]. What is the overall order of the reaction?
a) 0 b) 2 c) 1 d) 4 e) 3

6. What are the correct units for a second order rate constant?
a) mol/L⋅s d) L2/mol2⋅s
b) 1/s e) mol2/L2⋅s
c) L/mol⋅s

7. The reaction I- + OCl- → IO- + Cl- is first order with respect to I- and first order with
respect to OCl-. The rate constant is 6.1 x 10-2 L/mol⋅s. What is the rate of reaction when
[I-] = 0.10 M and [OCl-] = 0.20 M?
a) 2.4 x 10-4 M/s d) 1.2 x 10-4 M/s
b) 1.2 x 10-3 M/s e) 2.4 x 10-5 M/s
c) 6.1 x 10-3 M/s

8. Sebuah reaksi dan hokum laju reaksi diberikan dibawah ini. Jika [C4H6] = 2.0 M, lajunya
adalah 0.106 M/s. Berapa laju [C4H6] = 4.0 M?
2 C4H6 → C8H12 Rate = k[C4H6]2
a) 0.053 M/s d) 0.424 M/s
b) 0.212 M/s e) 0.022 M/s
c) 0.106 M/s

9. The rate law for the reaction


2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g)
is Rate = k[NO]2[O2]. What happens to the rate when the concentration of NO is doubled?
a) the rate doubles d) the rate is halved
b) the rate triples e) none of these
c) the rate quadruples

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10. Dibawah ini tersedia data laju alir untuk reaksi, 2A + B → C. Berapa hokum laju reaksi
untuk reaksi ini?
Experiment [A]o [B]o Rate (M/s)
1 2.0 M 1.0 M 0.100
2 2.0 M 2.0 M 0.400
3 4.0 M 1.0 M 0.100
a) Rate = k[A][B] d) Rate = k[A]2[B]2
b) Rate = k[A]2[B] e) Rate = k[B]2
c) Rate = k[A][B]2

11. The acid catalyzed decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is a first order reaction with the rate
constant given below. For an experiment in which the starting concentration of hydrogen
peroxide is 0.110 M, what is the concentration of H2O2 450 minutes after the reaction
begins?
2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2 k=1.33 x 10-4 min-1
a) 0.0961 M d) 0.00658 M
b) 0.104 M e) 0.0156 M
c) 0.117 M

12. What is the rate constant for a first order reaction for which the half-life is 85.0 sec?
a) 0.00814 sec-1 d) 0.0118 sec-1
b) 4.44 sec-1 e) 58.9 sec-1
c) 0.170 sec-1

13. What fraction of a reactant remains after 3 half-lives of a first order reaction?
a) 1/2 d) 1/8
b) 1/3 e) 1/12
c) 1/6

14. Asumsikan reaksi terjadi dengan mekanisme seperti dibawa ini. Apa hokum laju untuk
reaksi tersebut ?
A+B↔C Cepat
C→D Lambat
a) Rate = k[A][B][C]
b) Rate = k[A]2
c) Rate = k[A][B]
d) Rate = k[A][B]/[D]

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e) Rate = k[A]

15. According to collision theory, which of the following factors does NOT influence the rate of
reaction?
a) collision frequency
b) collision energy
c) collision orientation
d) collision rebound direction
e) none of these

16. What distance corresponds to the activation energy for the reaction of X to Y?

a) a d) d
b) b e) e
c) c

17. At what point on the potential energy diagram given below does the transition state
(activated complex) occur?

a) a d) d
b) b e) e
c) c

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18. The rate constants, at two different temperatures, for the reaction
CH I + Br- → CH Br + I-
3 3
are given below.
t = 30°C k = 1.38 x 10-4 M-1s-1
t = 49°C k = 1.21 x 10-3 M-1s-1
What is the activation energy for this reaction? R = 8.314 J/mol⋅K.
a) 92.7 kJ/mol d) 343 kJ/mol
b) 200 kJ/mol e) none of these
c) 40.3 kJ/mol

19. Which of the following is NOT true about a catalyst?


a) it speeds up the forward reaction
b) is acts as an inhibitor
c) it speeds up the reverse reaction
d) it may be homogeneous
e) it may be heterogeneous

20. In the reaction, H2 + Br2 → 2HBr, the step Br• + H2 → HBr + H• is what step?
a) initiation d) propagation
b) completion e) termination
c) inhibition

21. In the reaction, H2 + Br2 → 2HBr, the step Br• + Br• → Br2 is what step?
a) initiation d) propagation
b) completion e) termination
c) inhibition

22. A free radical is a chemical species that possesses


a) a positive charge
b) a negative charge
c) an unpaired electron
d) an oxygen atom
e) unconventional political views

Student Guide Book 31

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