CALCULO DIFERENCIAL

ACTIVIDAD DE APRENDIZAJE 3:

Derivadas

Fabián David Hernández Rocha

Fundación Universitaria Unipanamericana

Programa: Ingeniería de Sistemas, Facultad de ingeniería,

Bogotá DC

2019

1
 CALCULO DIFERENCIAL

ACTIVIDAD DE APRENDIZAJE 3:

Derivadas

Fabián David Hernández Rocha

Estudiante

Nelly Yanira Bautista Sapuyes

Docente

Fundación Universitaria Unipanamericana

Programa: Ingeniería de Sistemas, Facultad de ingeniería,

Bogotá DC

2019

2
Contenido
Punto 1 ................................................................................................................................................ 4
Punto 2 ................................................................................................................................................ 8
3- (Reacción química) .................................................................................................................... 22
4- (Física)........................................................................................................................................ 23
5- (Salario real) .............................................................................................................................. 24

3
Punto 1. Tomado de Dennis Zill. Cálculo. Trascendentes Tempranas. Mc Graw Hill.

Cuarta edición. En los problemas 1-5 encuentre dy/dx. En los problemas 9-13, encuentre

f´(x), simplifique.

1-
a. 𝑦 = −18
𝑑𝑦
=0
𝑑𝑥

b. 𝑦 = 𝑥 9
𝑑𝑦
= (𝑥 9 ) = 9𝑥 9−1 = 9𝑥 8
𝑑𝑥

c. 𝑦 = 𝜋 6
𝑑𝑦
=0
𝑑𝑥

𝑥−𝑥 2
d. 𝑦 =
√𝑥
= 𝑥 − 𝑥2 𝑥 2 = 𝑥𝑥
= 𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥
= 𝑥(1 − 𝑥)

𝑥(1−𝑥)
𝑦=
√𝑥
√𝑥 = 𝑥21

1
𝑥(1−𝑥) 𝑥
𝑦= 𝑥21 1 = 𝑥1 −12 = 𝑥 2 = √𝑥
𝑥
2

𝑑𝑥
= (√𝑥(1 − 𝑥))
𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑑𝑦 (√𝑥)(1 − 𝑥) + 𝑑𝑦 (1 − 𝑥)√𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦 (√𝑥) = (𝑥12 )

1 1 1 1
= (𝑥12 ) = 2 𝑥2−1 = 2 𝑥−2

1
1
= 𝑥−2 =
√𝑥

4
 1 1 1
= 2. =2
√𝑥 √𝑥

𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑑𝑦 2 (1 − 𝑥) + (1 − 𝑥)√𝑥 = (1 − 𝑥) = 𝑑𝑦 (1) − 𝑑𝑦 (𝑥)
√𝑥 𝑑𝑦

= (1 − 𝑥) = (0 − 1) = −1

𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 1.(1−𝑥) 1−𝑥
= 𝑑𝑦 2 (1 − 𝑥) + − 1. √𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦 2 (1 − 𝑥) = =
√𝑥 𝑑𝑦 √𝑥 2√𝑥 2√𝑥

𝑑𝑥 1−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= + − 1. √𝑥 = − 1. √𝑥 = √𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2√𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

1−𝑥 √𝑥.2√𝑥
=2 − √𝑥 = √𝑥 =
√𝑥 2√𝑥

1−𝑥 √𝑥.2√𝑥 1−𝑥 √𝑥.2√𝑥 1−𝑥−√𝑥.2√𝑥

=2 − =2 − =
√ 𝑥 2√𝑥 √ 𝑥 2√𝑥 2 √𝑥

1−𝑥−2𝑥 1−3𝑥
= =
2√𝑥 2√𝑥

𝑑𝑥 1 − 3𝑥
=
𝑑𝑦 2 √𝑥

3
e. 𝑦 = 4√𝑥 − 3
√𝑥 2

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑑𝑦 (4√𝑥) − 𝑑𝑦 ( 3 ) = 𝑑𝑦 (4√𝑥) = 4 𝑑𝑦 (√𝑥) = 4 𝑑𝑦 (𝑥21 )
√𝑥 2

𝑑𝑥 1 1 1 1
= 𝑑𝑦 4. 2 𝑥21−1 = 4. 2 𝑥 −12 = 4. 2 .
√𝑥

𝑑𝑥 1 1 4.1.1 4 2
= 𝑑𝑦 4. 2 . = = 2. =
√𝑥 2.√𝑥 √𝑥 √𝑥

2 𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1
= − 𝑑𝑦 ( 3 ) = 𝑑𝑦 ( 3 ) = 6 𝑑𝑦 ( 3 ) = 6 𝑑𝑦 ((𝑥 2 ) − 3)
√𝑥 √𝑥 2 √𝑥2 √𝑥 2

5
 1
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 2−1
= 6 𝑑𝑢 (𝑢 − 3) 𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 2 ) = (− 3 𝑢−3−1 )(2𝑥 )

𝑑𝑥 1 1
= 𝑑𝑦 6 (− 4 ) . 2𝑥 = 6 (− 4 ) . 2𝑥
3𝑢3 3(𝑥 2)
3

𝑑𝑥 1 6.1.2𝑥 12𝑥 4𝑥
= 𝑑𝑦 6. 4 . 2𝑥 = 4 =− 4 =− 4
3(𝑥 2) 3(𝑥 2 ) 3(𝑥 2 ) (𝑥 2 )
3 3 3 3

2 4𝑥
= − (− )
√𝑥 4
(𝑥 2 )
3

1 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
f. 𝑦 = 5 𝑥 5 − 3𝑥 4 + 9𝑥 2 + 1 = 𝑑𝑦 (5 𝑥 5 ) − 𝑑𝑦 (3𝑥 4 ) + 𝑑𝑦 (9𝑥 2 ) + 𝑑𝑦 (1)

1
= . 5𝑥 5−1 − 3.4𝑥 4−1 + 9.2𝑥 2−1 + 0
5

1.5𝑥 5−1
= − 12𝑥 3 + 18𝑥
5

= 1. 𝑥 5−1 − 12𝑥 3 + 18𝑥

𝑓′(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 12𝑥 3 + 18𝑥

2
g. 𝑦 = − 3 𝑥 6 + 4𝑥 5 − 13𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 2

𝑑𝑥 2 6 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=− ( 𝑥 )+ (4𝑥 5 ) − (13𝑥 2 ) + (8𝑥) + (2)
𝑑𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

6
 2
= − ∙ 6𝑥 6−1 + 4 ∙ 5𝑥 5−1 − 13 ∙ 2𝑥 2−1 + 8 ∙ 1 + 0
3

2 ∙ 6𝑥 5
=− + 20𝑥 4 − 26𝑥 + 8
3
12𝑥 5
=− + 20𝑥 4 − 26𝑥 + 8
3

𝑓′(𝑥) = −4𝑥 5 + 20𝑥 4 − 26𝑥 + 8

2𝑥 5 +3𝑥 4 −𝑥 3 +2
h. 𝑦 = 2

1 𝑑𝑥
= (2𝑥 5 + 3𝑥 4 − 𝑥 3 + 2)
2 𝑑𝑦

1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥
= ( (2𝑥 5 ) + (3𝑥 4 ) − (𝑥 ) + (2))
2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

1
= (2 ∙ 5𝑥 5−1 + 3 ∙ 4𝑥 4−1 − 3 ∙ 𝑥 3−1 + 0)
2
1
𝑓′(𝑥) = (10𝑥 4 + 12𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 )
2

𝑑 𝑑𝑥
i. 𝑦 = (4√𝑥 + 1)2 = 𝑑𝑢 (𝑢2 ) 𝑑𝑦 (4√𝑥 + 1)

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑢2−1 ( (4√𝑥) + (1))
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1
= 2𝑢 (4 (𝑥 2 ) + 0)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 1 1
= 2𝑢 (4 ∙ 𝑥 2−1 )
𝑑𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥 1 1
= 2𝑢 (4 ∙ 𝑥 −2 )
𝑑𝑦 2

7
 𝑑𝑥 1 1
= 2𝑢 (4 ∙ ∙ )
𝑑𝑦 2 √𝑥
𝑑𝑥 4 ∙ 1 ∙ 1
= 2𝑢 ( )
𝑑𝑦 2 ∙ √𝑥
𝑑𝑥 4 2
= 2𝑢 ( ) = 2𝑢
𝑑𝑦 2√𝑥 √𝑥
2 2 ∙ (4√𝑥 + 1) ∙ 2
= 2(4√𝑥 + 1) =
√𝑥 √𝑥
4(4√𝑥 + 1)
𝑓′(𝑥) =
√𝑥

Punto 2. Tomado de T. Apóstol. Calculus. Volumen 1. Segunda edición. En los siguientes

ejercicios determine la derivada de f’(x).

2-

a. 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥

= 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= (cos(2𝑥)) − (2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= (cos(u)) (2 (𝑥)) − (2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= (−sen(u)) (2 ∙ 1) − (2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (−sen(u)) ∙ 2 − (2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦
𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (−sen(2x)) ∙ 2 − (2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

8
 𝑑𝑥
= −2sin⁡(2x) − (2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= −2sin⁡(2x) − (2 (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)))
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑓′(𝑥) = −2sin⁡(2x) − 2cos⁡(𝑥)

b. 𝑓(𝑥) = √1 + 𝑥 2

= √1 + 𝑥 2
𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (√𝑢) (1 + 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2
= (𝑢2 ) ( (1) + (𝑥 ))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 1 1−1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= ( 𝑢2 ) (0) + (2𝑥 2−1 ))
𝑑𝑢 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 1 −1 𝑑𝑥
= ( 𝑢 2) + (2𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 2 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 1 1 𝑑𝑥
= ( ∙ )+ (2𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 2 √𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 1∙1 𝑑𝑥
= ( )+ (2𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 2 ∙ √𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 1
= ( ) ∙ 2𝑥
𝑑𝑢 2 ∙ √𝑢

𝑑 1
= ( ) ∙ 2𝑥
𝑑𝑢 2 ∙ √1 + 𝑥 2

1 ∙ 2𝑥
=
2 ∙ √1 + 𝑥 2

9
 1∙𝑥
=
√1 + 𝑥 2

𝑥
𝑓′(𝑥) =
√1 + 𝑥 2

c. 𝑓 (𝑥) = (2 − 𝑥 2 )𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 3

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= ((2 − 𝑥 2 )𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 )) + (2𝑥(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 3 ))
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥
= ((2 − 𝑥 2 )𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2
= ( (2) − (𝑥 )) 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ))
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= ((2 − (𝑥 2 ))𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) + (cos⁡(𝑥 2 ))(2 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= ((0 − (2𝑥 2−1 ))𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) + (cos⁡(u) (𝑥 2 ))(2 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= ((0 − 2𝑥))𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) + (−sen(u) (2𝑥 2−1 ))(2 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑
= ((−2𝑥))𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) + (−sen(u)(2𝑥))(2 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢

10
 𝑑
= (−2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 )) + (−sen(𝑥 2 )(2𝑥))(2 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑢

= (−2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 )) + (−2xsen(𝑥 2 ))(2 − 𝑥 2 )

= −2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) − 2xsen(𝑥 2 )(2 − 𝑥 2 )

𝑑𝑥
= (2𝑥(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 3 ))
𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥
=2 (𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 ))
𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=2 ((𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 )) + (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 ))𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑 𝑑𝑥
=2 ((1)𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 )) + ((𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢) (𝑥 3 )) 𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑 𝑑𝑥
=2 (1 ∙ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 )) + ((𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢) (3𝑥 3−1 )) 𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑
=2 (1 ∙ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 )) + (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢) ∙ 3𝑥 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢

= 2(1 ∙ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 )) + (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 3 ) ∙ 3𝑥 2 (𝑥))

= 2(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 )) + (3𝑥 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 3 ))

11
= −2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) − 2xsen(𝑥 2 )(2 − 𝑥 2 ) + 2(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 3 ) + 3𝑥 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 3 ))

d. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥)cos⁡(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥)

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)) + cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)) ((𝑢2 )𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑑 𝑑
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)) ((2𝑢2−1 ) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑑 𝑑
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)) ((2𝑢) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑑 𝑑
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)) ((2(cos⁡(𝑥))) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑑 𝑑
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)) (−2cos⁡(𝑥) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑑
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢))(−𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢

𝑑
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥)))(−𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢

= −𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑥) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))

= cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))

𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (cos(u)) (𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (−sin(u)) ((𝑢2 ) (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

12
 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (−sin(u)) ((2𝑢2−1 ) (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑
= (−sin(u)) ((2𝑢)(𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑑 𝑑
= (−sin(u)) ((2(𝑥))(𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑑 𝑑
= (−sin(u)) (𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑑
= (−sin(se𝑛2 (𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑢

= (−sen(se𝑛2 (𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))

= (−𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))

+ (−𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))⁡

= −𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))

− 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))⁡

= −𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)(𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥)) cos(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)) + 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)))⁡

e. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑛𝑥

𝑑𝑥
= (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥) cos(𝑛𝑥))
𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥) cos(𝑛𝑥)) + (cos(𝑛𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= ((𝑢𝑛 ) (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)) cos(𝑛𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (𝑛(𝑢𝑛−1 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) cos(𝑛𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

= 𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛−1 (𝑥))𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) cos(𝑛𝑥)

13
 𝑑𝑥
= (cos(𝑛𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (cos(𝑢) (𝑛𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= (−sen(𝑢) (𝑛 (𝑥)))𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑 𝑑𝑥
= (−sen(𝑛𝑥) (𝑛 (1)))𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦

= (−sen(𝑛𝑥))(𝑛 ∙ 1)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)

= (−sen(𝑛𝑥)(𝑛)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)

= (−nsen(𝑛𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)

= 𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛−1 (𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) cos(𝑛𝑥) + (−𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑛𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)

= 𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑛𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛−1 (𝑥) − 𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑛𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)

f. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥))

𝑑 𝑑𝑦
= (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)) (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)) (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢) (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)) (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)) (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥

𝑑
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢))(𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)))(𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))
𝑑𝑢

14
 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)))𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥)

𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥
g. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 2 )

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ) − (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ))𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ))²

𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
((𝑢2 ) (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ) − (𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢) (𝑥 2 )) 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
=
(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ))²

𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
((2𝑢2−1 ) (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ) − (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢) (2𝑥 2−1 )) 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
=
(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ))²

𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
((2𝑢2−1 ) (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))) 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ) − (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢) (2𝑥 2−1 )) 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
=
(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ))²

𝑑 𝑑
(2(𝑢)𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ) − (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢)2𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)
= 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢
(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ))²

(2𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥))𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ) − (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 )2𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)

=
(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ))²

𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 2 ) ∙ 2𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)

=
(𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥 2 ))²

15
h. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥√1 + 𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦
= (𝑥√1 + 𝑥 2 ) =
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= (𝑥)√1 + 𝑥 2 + (√1 + 𝑥 2 ) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + ( (√𝑢) 1 + 𝑥 2 ) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + ( (𝑢2 ) (1) + (𝑥 )) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1 1−1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + ( ( 𝑢2 ) (0) + (2𝑥 2−1 )) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + ( ( ∙ ) (0) + (2𝑥)) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 2 √𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1 ∙ 1
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + ( ( )(2𝑥)) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 2√𝑢

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + ( ( ∙ 2𝑥)) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 2√𝑢

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + ( ∙ 2𝑥) 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2√1 + 𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 ∙ 2𝑥
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + ( )𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2√1 + 𝑥 2

16
 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1𝑥
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 √1 + 𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑥
= (1)√1 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 √1 + 𝑥 2

𝑥
= 1 ∙ √1 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥
√1 + 𝑥 2

𝑥2
= √1 + 𝑥 2 +
√1 + 𝑥 2

√1 + 𝑥 2 √1 + 𝑥 2 𝑥2
= +
√1 + 𝑥 2 √1 + 𝑥 2

√1 + 𝑥 2 √1 + 𝑥 2 +𝑥 2
=
√1 + 𝑥 2

1 + 𝑥 2 +𝑥 2
=
√1 + 𝑥 2

1 + 2𝑥 2
=
√1 + 𝑥 2

𝑥
i. 𝑓(𝑥) = √4−𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(𝑥)√4 − 𝑥 2 − (√4 − 𝑥 2 )𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

17
 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − ( (√𝑢) (4 − 𝑥 2 )𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
2
(√4 − 𝑥 )²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − ( (𝑢2 ) ( (4) − (𝑥 ))𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1 12−1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − ( ( 𝑢 ) ( (0) − (2𝑥 2−1 ))𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1 −12 𝑑𝑦
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − ( ( 𝑢 ) ((0) − 2𝑥))𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 2 𝑑𝑥
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − ( ) (−2𝑥)𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2√𝑢
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − ( ) (−2𝑥)𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2√4 − 𝑥 2
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − (− ∙ 2𝑥)𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2√4 − 𝑥 2
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 ∙ 2𝑥
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − (− )𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2√4 − 𝑥 2
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

18
 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1∙𝑥
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − (− )𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 √4 − 𝑥 2
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑥
(1)√4 − 𝑥 2 − (− )𝑥
√4 − 𝑥 2
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑥
√4 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥
√4 − 𝑥 2
=
(√4 − 𝑥 2 )²

𝑥
√4 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥
√4 − 𝑥 2
= 1
∙2
(4 − 𝑥 2 ) 2

𝑥
√4 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥
√4 − 𝑥 2
=
4 − 𝑥2

√4 − 𝑥 2 √4 − 𝑥 2 𝑥2
+
√4 − 𝑥 2 √4 − 𝑥 2
= 2
4−𝑥

√4 − 𝑥 2 √4 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2
√4 − 𝑥 2
=
4 − 𝑥2

4 − 𝑥2 + 𝑥2
2
= √4 − 𝑥2
4−𝑥

4
2
= √4 − 𝑥2
4−𝑥
19
 4
=
√4 − 𝑥 2 (4 − 𝑥 2 )

1+𝑥 3 1
j. 𝑓(𝑥) = (1−𝑥 3 ) 3

𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 1 + 𝑥 3
= (𝑢3 ) ( )
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥 3

𝑑𝑦 3 3 𝑑𝑦 3 3
𝑑 1 1−1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑥 )(1 − 𝑥 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥 )(1 + 𝑥 )
= ( 𝑢 ) (
3 )
𝑑𝑢 3 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 3 3 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 3 3
𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (1) + 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 )) (1 − 𝑥 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (1) − 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 ))(1 + 𝑥 )
= ( 2) ( 3 )²
)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥
3𝑢3

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 3−1 3 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 3−1 3
𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (0) + 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥 )) (1 − 𝑥 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (0) − 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥 ))(1 + 𝑥 )
= ( 2) ( )
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²
3𝑢3

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 3 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 3
𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (0 + 3𝑥 )) (1 − 𝑥 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (0 − 3𝑥 ))(1 + 𝑥 )
= ( 2) ( 3 )²
)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥
3𝑢3

𝑑𝑦 2 3 𝑑𝑦 2 3
𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥 )(1 − 𝑥 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (−3𝑥 )(1 + 𝑥 )
= ( 2) ( )
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²
3𝑢 3

𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 (3𝑥 2 )(1 − 𝑥 3 ) − (−3𝑥 2 )(1 + 𝑥 3 )

= ( 2) ( )
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²
3𝑢 3

20
 𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 3𝑥 2 (1 − 𝑥 3 ) + 3𝑥 2 (1 + 𝑥 3 )
= ( 2) ( 3 )²
)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥
3𝑢3

𝑑 1 𝑑𝑦 3𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 5 + 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 5
= ( 2) ( )
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²
3𝑢 3

𝑑 1 6𝑥 2
= ∙
𝑑𝑢 23 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²
3𝑢

1 6𝑥 2
= ∙
1 + 𝑥 3 23 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²
3( )
1 − 𝑥3

1 6𝑥 2
= 2∙
(1 − 𝑥 3 )²
(1 + 𝑥 3 ) 3
3 2
(1 − 𝑥 3 ) 3

1 6𝑥 2
= 2∙
(1 − 𝑥 3 )²
3 ∙ (1 + 𝑥 3 ) 3
2
(1 − 𝑥 3 ) 3

2
3 ∙ (1 + 𝑥 3 ) 3 6𝑥 2
= 2 ∙
(1 − 𝑥 3 )²
(1 − 𝑥 3 ) 3

2
(1 − 𝑥 3 ) 3 6𝑥 2
= 2 ∙
(1 − 𝑥 3 )²
3 ∙ (1 + 𝑥 3 ) 3

21
 2
(1 − 𝑥 3 ) 3 ∙ 6𝑥 2
= 2
3 ∙ (1 + 𝑥 3 ) 3 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²

2
(1 − 𝑥 3 ) 3 ∙ 2𝑥 2
= 2
(1 + 𝑥 3 ) 3 (1 − 𝑥 3 )²

2𝑥 2
= 2 4
(1 + 𝑥 3 ) 3 (1 − 𝑥3) 3

3- (Reacción química) Durante una reacción química en la cual una sustancia A se

descompone, la masa (en gramos) de A restante en un tiempo t está dada por 𝑚(𝑡) =

9 − 3𝑡 + 1 4 𝑡 2. Encuentre m’(t) e interprete esta cantidad. Evalúe m (0), m’ (0), m

(6) y m’ (6).

1
𝑚(𝑡) = 9 − 3𝑡 + 𝑡 2
4

1
𝑚(𝑡 + ℎ) = 9 − 3(𝑡 + ℎ) + (𝑡 + ℎ)2
4

1
𝑚(𝑡 + ℎ) = 9 − 3𝑡 − 3ℎ + (𝑡 2 + 2𝑡ℎ + ℎ2 )
4

1 1 1
𝑚(𝑡 + ℎ) = 9 − 3𝑡 − 3ℎ + 𝑡 2 + 𝑡ℎ + ℎ2
4 2 4

22
 1 1 1 1
𝑙𝑖𝑚 9 − 3𝑡 − 3ℎ + 4 𝑡 2 + 2 𝑡ℎ + 4 ℎ2 − (9 − 3𝑡 + 4 𝑡 2 )
𝑚′(𝑡) = =
ℎ→0 ℎ

1 1 1 1
𝑙𝑖𝑚 9 − 3𝑡 − 3ℎ + 4 𝑡 2 + 2 𝑡ℎ + 4 ℎ2 − 9 + 3𝑡 − 4 𝑡 2
𝑚′(𝑡) = =
ℎ→0 ℎ

1 1
𝑙𝑖𝑚 −3ℎ + 2 𝑡ℎ + 4 ℎ2
𝑚′(𝑡) = =
ℎ→0 ℎ

1 1
𝑙𝑖𝑚 ℎ(−3 + 2 𝑡 + 4 ℎ)
𝑚′(𝑡) = =
ℎ→0 ℎ

1
𝑚′(𝑡) = −3 + 𝑡
2

1
𝑚′ (6) = −3 + (6) = −3 + 3 = 0
2

4- (Física) La temperatura absoluta T de un gas está dada por 𝑇 = 𝑐𝑃𝑉, donde P es la

presión, V el volumen y c es alguna constante que depende de la masa del gas. Si 𝑃

= (𝑡 2 + 1) y 𝑉 = (2𝑡 + 𝑡 −1) como funciones del tiempo t, encuentre la razón de

cambio de T con respecto a t

𝑇 = 𝑐(𝑡 2 + 1)(2𝑡 + 𝑡 −1 )

𝑇 = 𝑐(2𝑡 3 + 𝑡 + 2𝑡 + 𝑡 −1 )

23
𝑇 = 𝑐(2𝑡 3 + 3𝑡 + 𝑡 −1 )

𝑇 = 𝑐(2𝑡 3 + 3𝑡 + 𝑡 −1 )

𝑇 = 𝑐(6𝑡 2 + 3 − 𝑡 −2 )

2𝑡 2 − 3𝑡
𝑢=
𝑡2 + 4

(4𝑡 − 3)(𝑡 2 + 4) − (2𝑡 2 − 3𝑡)(2𝑡) (4𝑡 − 3)(𝑡 2 + 4) − 2𝑡(2𝑡 2 − 3𝑡)

𝑢′ = =
(𝑡 2 + 4)2 (𝑡 2 + 4)2

4𝑡 3 − 3𝑡 2 + 16𝑡 − 12 − 2𝑡(2𝑡 2 − 3𝑡) 3𝑡 2 + 16𝑡 − 12

= =
(𝑡 2 + 4)2 (𝑡 2 + 4)2

5- (Salario real) El salario real de cierto grupo de trabajadores aumentó de acuerdo

con la fórmula 𝑊(𝑡) = 3 + 1 2 𝑡 entre 1970 y 1980, donde t es el tiempo transcurrido

en años a partir de 1970. Durante este tiempo, el índice de precios al consumidor

estuvo dado por 𝐼(𝑡) = 100 + 3𝑡 + 1 2 𝑡 2. El salario real es igual a 100 W(t)/ I(t)

cuando se ajusta por la inflación. Calcule la razón de cambio de este salario real en

1970, 1975 y 1980

1
100(3 + 2 𝑡)
𝑠𝑟(𝑡) =
1
100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2

24
 1
𝑑𝑦 3 + 2𝑡
𝑠𝑟(𝑡) = 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 100 + 3𝑡 + 1 𝑡 2
2

𝑑𝑦 1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 1 2 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (3 + 2 𝑡) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 )(3 + 2 𝑡)
𝑠𝑟(𝑡) = 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1 2 2
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 )

𝑠𝑟(𝑡)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 1 2 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (3) + 𝑑𝑥 (2 𝑡)) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 )(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 1 2 𝑑𝑦 1 2 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (0) + 𝑑𝑥 (2) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑡)) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 )(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1 2 2
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 )

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 1 2 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 (0) + 𝑑𝑥 (2 ∙ 1)) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 )(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 1 2 1
𝑑𝑦 (2) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 )(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 2 1
𝑑𝑦 (2) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (100) + 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑡) + 𝑑𝑥 (2 𝑡 )(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 2 1
𝑑𝑦 (2) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 ((0) + 𝑑𝑥 ((3) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑡)) + 𝑑𝑥 ((2) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑡 )))(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

25
 1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦 2−1 1
𝑑𝑦 (2) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 ((0) + 𝑑𝑥 (3 ∙ 1) + 𝑑𝑥 ((2) 𝑑𝑥 (2𝑡 )))(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1 1
𝑑𝑦 (2) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 ((0) + 𝑑𝑥 (3) + 𝑑𝑥 ((2 ∙ 2𝑡)))(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

1 1 2 𝑑𝑦 1
𝑑𝑦 (2) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − 𝑑𝑥 (0 + 3 + 𝑦)(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

1 1 2 1
𝑑𝑦 (2) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 ) − (3 + 𝑦)(3 + 2 𝑡)
= 100 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1
(100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) 2

1 1 1
(2) (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡 2 ) − (3 + 𝑡)(3 + 2 𝑡)
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

22

1 𝑡2 𝑡
(2 (100 + 3𝑡 + 2 ) − (3 + 𝑦) (3 + 2)) ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

1 1 1 𝑡2 𝑡
(2 ∙ 100 + 2 ∙ 3𝑡 + 2 ∙ 2 ) − (3 + 𝑡) (3 + 2) ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

3𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑡
(50 + 2 + 4 ) − (3 + 𝑡) (3 + 2) ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

26
 3𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑡 𝑡
(50 + 2 + 4 ) − (𝑡 ∙ 3 + 𝑡 2 + 3 ∙ 3 + 3 ∙ 2) ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

3𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑡 𝑡
(50 + 2 + 4 ) − (3𝑡 + 𝑡 2 + 3 ∙ 3 + 3 ∙ 2) ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

3𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑡2 3𝑡
(50 + 2 + 4 ) − (3𝑡 + 2 + 9 + 2 ) ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

3𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑡 2 + 3𝑡
(50 + 2 + 4 ) − (3𝑡 + 2 + 9) ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

3𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑡 2 + 9𝑡
(50 + + )−( + 9) ∙ 22
2 4 2
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

3𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑡 2 + 9𝑡
(50 + 2 + 4 ) − ( 2 ) − (9) ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

3𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑡 2 + 9𝑡
50 + 2 + 4 − 2 − 9 ∙ 22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

𝑡 2 −𝑡 2 − 6𝑡 2
41 + 4 − ∙2
= 2
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

27
 𝑡 2 (−𝑡 2 − 6𝑡) ∙ 2 2
41 + 4 − ∙2
= 4
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

𝑡 2 + (−𝑡 2 − 6𝑡) ∙ 2 2
41 + ∙2
= 4
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

𝑡 2 + (−2𝑡 2 − 12𝑡) ∙ 2 2
41 + ∙2
= 4
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

−𝑡 2 − 12𝑡
(41 + ) ∙ 22
4
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

41 ∙ 4 − 𝑡 2 − 12𝑡
( ) ∙ 22
4
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

164 − 𝑡 2 − 12𝑡
( ) ∙ 22
4
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

164 − 𝑡 2 − 12𝑡 ∙ 22
( )
22
=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

164 − 𝑡 2 − 12𝑡
= 100 ∙
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 2

100 ∙ (164 − 𝑡 2 − 12𝑡)

=
(200 + 6𝑡 + 𝑡 2 )²

28
 - Para 1970 t = 0
100 ∙ (164 − (0)2 − 12(0)) 164
𝑡=0= 2
= = 0.41
(200 + 6(0) + (0) )² 40000

- Para 1975 t = 5 (aprox. De 0.41)

100 ∙ (164 − (5)2 − 12(5)) 100 ∙ (164 − 25 − 60) 16400 − 2500 − 6000
𝑡=5= = =
(200 + 6(5) + (5)2 )² (200 + 30 + 25)² 40000 + 900 + 625
7900
= = 0.19
41525

- Para 1980 t = 2 (aprox. De 0.19)

100 ∙ (164 − (2)2 − 12(2)) 100 ∙ (164 − 4 − 24)

𝑡=2= =
(200 + 6(2) + (2)2 )² (200 + 12 + 4)²
16400 − 400 − 2400 13600
= = = 0.33
40000 + 144 + 16 40160

29