Technical Manual Quality Tubing PDF

Technical Manual
Quality Tubing Products
qualitytubing@nov.com nov.com/qualitytubing
© 2014 National Oilwell Varco All Rights Reserved
D932000051-MAN-001 Rev. 04
Table of Contents
Section 1: Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1
Section 2: Design, Manufacturing, Testing and Quality............................................................................................................................................................................2
Section 3: Standard Product Specifications and Dimensions.................................................................................................................................................................5
QT-700 Technical Data Sheet....................................................................................................................................................................................................................6
QT-800 Technical Data Sheet....................................................................................................................................................................................................................8
QT-900 Technical Data Sheet..................................................................................................................................................................................................................10
QT-1000 Technical Data Sheet................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
HO-70 Technical Data Sheet....................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
Section 4: Special Product: QT-16Cr Coiled Tubing..................................................................................................................................................................................25
Section 5: Standard Services, Shipping, Product Development and Quality....................................................................................................................................26
Section 6: General Engineering Information.............................................................................................................................................................................................29
Section 7: Collapse Pressure.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................35
Section 8: Friction Pressure Drop.................................................................................................................................................................................................................39
Section 9: Welding Technology....................................................................................................................................................................................................................42
Section 10: Standard Spool Capacity Chart..............................................................................................................................................................................................46
Section 11: Service Center Operations.......................................................................................................................................................................................................47
Section 12: Standard Terms and Warranty................................................................................................................................................................................................50
Section 1: Introduction
Quality Tubing, a part of the NOV Intervention and Stimulation Service Centers
Equipment Business Unit, has continually improved every aspect of United States
the coiled tubing manufacturing process over the past 40 years. Our Quality Tubing
developments and inventions in the welding, manufacturing and 2093 Old Route 15
testing of continuously-milled tubing means the highest quality product New Columbia, Pennsylvania 17856
created to your exact specifications. Telephone: +1.570.551.6167
Quality Tubing Worldwide Quality Tubing
Coiled tubing service centers are strategically placed in various 5561 West University
strategic locations worldwide. These centers exist to store and service Odessa, Texas 79764
new and used coiled tubing. Standard stock strings, specially designed
for use in the areas served by our service centers, are available. The United Kingdom
range of services provided by these centers include storage, butt Coil Services (North Sea) Ltd.
welding, state-of-the-art corrosion protection and nondestructive Badentoy Cresent, Badentoy Road,
testing of coiled tubing. These services are discussed further in Section Portlethen, Aberdeen, AB12 4YD
11 of this manual. Scotland, U.K.
Telephone: +011.44.1224.774466 fr USA
Continuous Improvement
Fax: +011 44 1224 774488 fr USA
Quality Tubing is continually improving the effectiveness of our quality
E-mail: Kenny.Robertson@nov.com
management system through the use of the quality policy, quality
objectives, audit results, analysis of data, corrective and preventive Canada
actions and management review. Quality Tubing (Red Deer) Ltd.
Site 14, Box 8, R.R. #1
We have spent over $3.4 million in capital expenditures on
Red Deer, AB, Canada T4N 5E1
improvements in the past few years, including the purchase of a slitter
in 2013. We are still the only coiled tubing manufacturer with in-house Telephone: +403.342.1000
slitting capabilities. Fax: +403.342.1071
E-mail: Sales@qtcanada.com
In August 2014, we received our ISO 9001:2008 certification. Our
certification number is 164486-2014-AQ-USA-ANAB. Quality Tubing (Medicine Hat) Ltd.
PO BOX 159
Quality Tubing Technical Manual Redcliff, AB, Canada T0J 2P0
This manual has been designed to provide customers with up-to-date
Telephone: +403.504.5008
information on our design, manufacturing and testing processes, prod-
Fax: +403.504.5282
uct descriptions, performance properties, recommended product uses
E-mail: Sales@qtcanada.com
and the scope of service center activities.
Abu Dhabi
The material is divided into sections for easy reference, so that updates
Coil Services (Abu Dhabi) Ltd.
can be added as they are issued.
PO BOX 4030
If you have any questions about Quality Tubing or its products, please Sector M-41, Plot 93-94B
contact us at the location nearest you. Abu Dhabi Industrial City
Mussafah, Abu Dhabi
Headquarters, Manufacturing and Service Center
United States Telephone: +011.971.2.550.1875
Quality Tubing Fax: +011.971.2.550.1876
10303 Sheldon Road E-mail: David.Smith@nov.com
Houston, Texas 77049-1254, USA Stocking Points
Telephone: +1.281.456.0751 The following NOV locations are stocked with Quality Tubing finished
Toll Free: +1.800.486.0751 goods.
Fax: +1.281.456.7549/7620 • Dammam, Saudi Arabia
E-mail: QualityTubing@nov.com • Singapore
• Minsk, Belarus
• Nizhnevartovsk, Russia
1
Section 2: Design, Manufacturing, Testing and Quality
Introduction In the case of TRUE-TAPER™ for downhole workstring use, the strip is
Quality Tubing delivers specified-length coiled tubing strings of high continuously tapered, with two regions of constant thickness at either
quality materials into customer hands which are designed, fabricated end. Strips of equal thickness at each end of a TRUE-TAPERTM section are
and tested to industry standards and suitable for field operations. joined together, thereby reducing stress concentrations caused by non-
In order to produce long lengths of modern coiled tubing to meet uniform load transfer when joining strips of different gauges.
customer requirements, the string is designed in cooperation with the
String Design
customer. Each individual string is then manufactured by welding steel
With a ready inventory of steel strip from which to manufacture tubing,
strips together, producing tubing from the accumulated strip utilizing
Quality Tubing works with each customer to design individual strings
the high frequency induction (HFI) electric welding process.
that will suit their grade, diameter and wall thickness requirements,
Early Designs weight restrictions, corrosion and pressure concerns and estimated
The original idea for coiled tubing and line pipe came from the project theoretical cycle life.
“Pipe Line Under the Ocean” (PLUTO), in which range II line pipe was
During the design phase, Quality Tubing team members assist and
butt welded, rolled onto spools and laid from boats under the English
make recommendations to the customer regarding ideal string design
Channel in 1944 to support the Normandy landings.
based upon internal design programs and field experiences with
The weakest points in this form of continuous tube is the butt weld, over 20,000 coiled tubing strings. Once agreement with the customer
which may cause structural weakness (Figure 1). Until the late 1980s, regarding a string design is reached, Quality Tubing manufacturing and
this is how coiled tubing was produced. quality groups complete the work of producing the string.
A high percentage of the failures that occur over the life of tube-to-tube The Patented Strip Joining Process
welds are breaks that occur in the heat-affected zone adjacent to the In 1989, Quality Tubing patented the bias-weld, a manufacturing
weld bead. The material in this area fatigues much more rapidly than process explained in US patent 4,863,091. The edges of the strip to be
the parent material. The internal circumferential weld bead restricts welded are carefully prepared by shearing at a fixed angle and then
fluid flow and causes turbulence and may also restrict operations that
require pumping tools or steel balls through the tube.
Bias Weld of Flat Strips
welded by mechanized welding machines. This strip weld is stress
relieved and inspected nondestructively by visual processes and Digital
Radiography. The result is shown in Figure 2.
Bias Weld of Flat Strips
Figure 1
Tube-to-tube butt weld in coiled tubing Joined Strip Formed into Tube
The Quality Tubing Difference
First, long lengths of high quality strip in coil form are purchased
from qualified major steel suppliers around the world, for which we Joined Strip Formed into Tube
have two suppliers per grade. Each coil is then split into the required
strip widths for tubing production by our in-house slitter. These strips
Figure 2
are joined end-to-end before the tube is manufactured by using a 45º bias weld of flat strip and joined strip formed into tube
specialized process that, originally patented by Quality Tubing, called
a bias weld. Strips of steel are welded together at a 45° angle, so that Upon tube forming, the strip bias weld is distributed along a helix in
when the tubing is formed, the joint forms a spiral-shaped connection, the finished tube. This geometry distributes the mechanical stresses
dramatically improving the reliability of coiled tubing work strings in experienced by the weld zone over the length of the helix rather than
the field. By purchasing long strips of material, the number of welds in concentrating all of the stress in a single narrow band around the
a string of tubing are further reduced. In some thicknesses of material, circumference of the tube. The performance of this type of weld is now
the strip-bias welds may be over 2,460 ft (750 m) apart. proven in numerous applications in oil and gas wells and in pipelines
and umbilicals throughout the world.
The tubing manufacturaed at Quality Tubing is continuously-
milled, and a single tube over 35,000 feet in length with no break in
production is able to be milled. The entire length of the finished tube is
nondestructively inspected then gauged and hydrostatically tested to
assure the tube meets customer specifications prior to shipment.
2
the edges of the formed strip. A set of rolls squeeze the strip edges
together while they are at the fusion temperature to produce the weld.
No filler metal is added, keeping the metal composition of the weld line
the same as the body of the tube.
Weld Flash Removal

The welding process produces a small amount of weld flash on both
the inside and outside of the tube. This is removed from the outside
diameter of the tube after welding by a carbide cutting tool contoured
to the diameter of the tube being produced. When requested by the
customer, the tube’s inside diameter flash is controlled in height or
Figure 3 Figure 4 removed with a contoured tool inside the tube and then subsequently
Portable hardness testing of bias weld Close-up view of HFI welding box pumped out of the tube.
Quality Control of the Strip Bias Weld
Inner surface flash removal may leave either a slight groove, which does
The digital radiography process is controlled ultimately by an ASTM
not reduce the wall thickness below the specified minimum wall, or a
penetrometer. The sensitivity of the process meets or exceeds the
slight positive extrusion, which is not more than 0.020” into the tube
requirements of ASME Section V, API RP 5C7. Due to the sensitivity of the
bore.
inspection technique, no defects are permitted in downhole work string
materials in the region radiographed. Seam Annealing
The weld seam is immediately re-heated by a narrow induction head to
The weld is dressed, stress relieved and hardness tested in three
re-crystallize the weld’s heat affected zone to match the grain structure
regions (Figure 3) - the weld itself, the heat affected zones on either side
of the base metal. After welding, the tube is cooled before entering the
of the weld and the parent metal on either side of the weld. Hardness
sizing section of the mill, where sets of rolls in pairs accurately form the
testing is performed in accordance with ASTM A370 and ASTM E18.
tubing to its final dimensions.
Modern Tube Mill
Full Body Stress Relief and Cooling
A modern tube mill synchronizes several manufacturing stations to
Stress relieving is performed with a full-body stress reliever. The tube
continuously mill the tubing. Matched sets of tool steel forming rolls are
is heated to a predetermined controlled temperature between 900°
selected and installed in the mill for the specified tube diameter. Quality
and 1400°F (482° and 760°C), which is determined by the final desired
Tubing’s facility operates multiple tube mills that overlap each other in
mechanical properties of the material. After air cooling and final water
size capacity to provide greater flexibility and manufacturing capacity.
cooling, the tube is wound onto a storage spool (See Standard Spool
The accumulator reel from the string make-up line is positioned to
Capacity Chart, Section 10).
feed the mill. The lead end of the strip is tack welded to set-up strip in
the mill so that material for the finished string is not lost in start-up. Nondestructive Examination (NDE)
Once the set-up of the mill rolls is verified by dimensional checks and The eddy current method (Figure 5) consists of magnetizing the tube to
destructive tests, continuous production of the tubing string can begin. magnetic saturation, inducing eddy currents to flow circumferentially
around the tube and detecting the presence of variations in the
The Tube Forming Operation
magnetic field caused by imperfections in the entire body wall of the
First, the forming rolls of the tube mill are set for the diameter of the
tube, including the seam weld. Should the eddy current unit detect
tube. The first series of rolls encountered by the strip start bending
an indication, the area is then marked for further prove-up. The eddy
the edges of the strip upward, gradually forming a “U” shape. The
current unit is standardized to a 1/16” through-drilled hole with a
next series of rolls have vertical fins, which extend down past the strip
section of tube of like dimensions and alloy chemistry. This inspection
edges. These tungsten carbide fins prepare the strip edges for the weld
is performed in accordance with ASTM E309 for electromagnetic tubular
rolls. The longitudinal weld is made using the HFI electrical resistance
inspection.
method (Figure 4).
Prove-Up Inspection
Welding the Tube
Prove-up inspection of any indications noted during eddy current
The formed strip enters an induction welder where it passes into a
inspection requires locating the area of the indication and testing
coil excited by high frequency current. This current causes magnetic
this area with a variety of other nondestructive techniques, including
fields, which in turn cause eddy currents to flow both around the
visual, radiographic, compression and shear wave ultrasonic and liquid
longitudinally welded tube and back into the area where the strip
penetrant inspections. Small outer diameter surface imperfections are
is coming together. In this process, the heat for welding the edges
removed and the areas are re-inspected with the appropriate method
is generated by the resistance to the flow of these eddy currents,
(i.e. ultrasound and/or liquid penetrant) to ensure complete removal.
which are concentrated at the edges of the strip. An internal ferrite
The removal of minor surface imperfections has been shown to be
core (impeder) helps maintain a constant value for the weld system
extremely effective in maintaining high cycle life.
impedance. In this process, the heat is confined to a narrow band along
3
A370. Mid-string strip tensile tests are based on previous results of
strips from the same heat used during pre-production tests or prior to
manufacturing.
Microhardness Testing
Microhardness testing measures the microhardness of the parent metal,
the weld line and the heat-affected zone on either side of the weld-line
using a computer aided system shown (Figure 7). The measurements
are taken on the Vickers scale and converted to Rockwell B or C
measurements in compliance with ASTM E140. This test is performed on
samples collected at both the beginning and end of each string.
Figure 5 Figure 6
Eddy current inspection system Posi-Plug installed Flattening Tests
Flattening tests verify the integrity of the HFI weld by flattening samples
Hydrostatic Testing
from each end of the string at 0° and 90°, with respect to the flattening
The tube is hydrostatically tested using pH-controlled water to specified
plates (Figure 8).
pressures (80% of specified minimum yield strength or to customer
requirements) in order to check the integrity of the weld seam. In the Flare Tests
case of tapered or TRUE-TAPER strings, the hydrostatic test pressure is Flare tests verify the integrity of the HFI weld by flaring samples from
that for the smallest wall thickness present in the string. The hold time each end of the string over a steel cone.
for the standard pressure test is a minimum of 15 minutes.
Chemistry Checks
The inside surface of the tube is wiped clean by the passage of wiper Random checks are performed at approved laboratories on incoming
balls. The hydrostatic test fluid is maintained at a pH between 8 and 9, strips. Additional (strip) chemistry tests will be performed upon
eliminating the possibility of any acidic condition inside the tube during request.
shipment.
Additional Testing
ID Gauge Test Additional coiled tubing tests can be done on a case-by-case basis.
All tubing manufactured is also gauge tested. In the gauge test, a hard
plastic ball of specified diameter, based on the inside diameter of the
tube and a small amount of clearance, is passed completely through
the tube with water pressure to ensure that there are no constrictions
on the ID surface.
Posi-Plugs
A Posi-Plug is installed on either end of a string of coiled tubing to
serve as a barrier between the internal volume of the tubing and the
surrounding environment (Figure 6). These plugs prevent elements,
such as rainwater and debris, from entering the tubing and maintain the
tubing’s internal atmosphere, which may contain corrosion inhibitors.
Quality Laboratory Testing

Dimensional Inspection
Dimensional inspections measure cross sections of the tube from the
beginning and the end of a milled length for compliance to diameter,
out-of-roundness, wall thickness, weld-seam mismatch and flash (or
Flash-Free) tolerances. Figure 7 Figure 8
Microhardness testing equipment Tubes flattened on the 0º and 90º positions
Visual Metallographic Inspection
Visual metallographic inspections determine the quality of the grain
structure of the seam weld by viewing a section of the steel of the
finished tube under high magnification.
Tensile Testing
Tensile testing measures the yield strength, tensile strength and
elongation on full tube samples from the beginning and end of each
milled length. This testing is performed to the requirements of ASTM
4
Section 3: Standard Product Specifications and Dimensions
Standard Product List

Standard products are defined as those that can be produced based
solely on Quality Tubing’s ability to deliver.
Standard product requirements include the following:

1. Specifications established and approved
2. Accept/reject criteria established and approved
3. Demonstrated ability to manufacture
4. Pricing established
Standard products include the following:

1. Downhole Work String Products:
QT-700, QT-800, QT-900, QT-1000, QT-1100 and QT-1300. These work string
products may be TRUE-TAPER, straight wall and straight wall Flash-Free.
TRUE-TAPER is not available for QT-700 work strings.
2. HO-70 Downhole Products for Hang-off:
This product is intended for use in non-cycling situations, is limited in
outer diameter and wall thickness and may contain tube-to-tube welds.
All other products are non-standard.
Notes for Following Tables

1. Minimum wall thickness is 0.005” (0.13 mm) less than specified wall
thickness.
2. Pressures calculated based on t – 0.005” (0.13 mm).
3. Maximum hydrostatic test pressure is 15,000 psi (103 MPa).
4. Additional diameters and wall thicknesses may be available upon request.
Ordering Information for Standard Products

Quality Tubing personnel assists the customer in string design for
any of the listed product groups and non-standard products. When
placing orders for downhole coiled tubing applications, the following
information needs to be provided.
1. Type of service
2. Size (OD and wall thickness, including TRUE-TAPER and conventional
tapering)
3. Grade
4. Length
5. Delivery and shipping information
6. Shipping spool (wood or metal), or customer reel. See spool dimensions
and capacities (Section 10) of this document for details.
7. Fitting type
8. Special packaging, corrosion mitigation and marking requirements
9. Any other special requirements (i.e. Flash-Free, wireline and capillary
installation, additional destructive and nondestructive testing and a
certification test book)
10. Internal purchasing requirements should be submitted to Quality Tubing
for review.
11. Where an inspection and test plan is required to be submitted by Quality
Tubing to the customer, sufficient time for discussion should be allowed.
The role of any customer representative at our plant should also be
included.
5
QT-700 Technical Data Sheet
For the appropriate sizes, QT-700 can be routinely ordered as a straight wall, straight wall Flash-Free string or as a string with an
electric wireline or capillary tube installed. This material is not supplied as TRUE-TAPER. QT-700 is manufactured from high strength
low alloy steel (HSLAS) with alloying additions to provide resistance to atmospheric corrosion. The chemical composition of QT-700
meets the specification requirements of API 5ST CT70.
Mechanical Properties
Minimum Yield Strength, psi (MPa) 70,000 (483)
Minimum Tensile Strength, psi (MPa) 80,000 (552)
Minimum Elongation 26%
Maximum Hardness 22 HRC
Technical Data
Specified
Outside Wall Calculated Inside Plain End Mass, Pipe Metal Cross Pipe Body Yield Internal Yield Hydro Test Torsional
Tensile Load, LT
Diameter, D Thickness, t Diameter, d Mpe Sectional Area, A Load, Ly Pressure, Pr Pressure, P T Yield Strength, Tf
in mm in mm in mm lb/ft kg/m in2 mm2 lb kg lb kg psi MPa psi MPa lb/ft kg/m
1.000 25.4 0.087 2.2 0.826 21.0 0.849 1.264 0.250 161.0 17,470 7,920 19,960 9,060 11,480 79.2 9,200 63.3 350 470
0.095 2.4 0.810 20.6 0.919 1.368 0.270 174.3 18,910 8,580 21,610 9,800 12,600 86.9 10,100 69.5 380 520
0.102 2.6 0.796 20.2 0.979 1.457 0.288 185.6 20,140 9,140 23,020 10,440 13,580 93.6 10,900 74.9 400 540
0.109 2.8 0.782 19.9 1.038 1.545 0.305 196.8 21,360 9,690 24,410 11,070 14,560 100.4 11,600 80.3 410 560
0.118 3.0 0.764 19.4 1.113 1.656 0.327 210.9 22,890 10,380 26,160 11,860 15,820 109.1 12,700 87.3 440 600
0.125 3.2 0.750 19.1 1.169 1.740 0.344 221.7 24,050 10,910 27,490 12,470 16,800 115.8 13,400 92.7 450 610
1.250 31.8 0.087 2.2 1.076 27.4 1.082 1.613 0.318 205.4 22,250 10,110 25,430 11,560 9,180 63.2 7,300 50.6 580 790
0.095 2.4 1.060 27.0 1.173 1.749 0.345 222.8 24,130 10,960 27,580 12,530 10,080 69.4 8,100 55.5 620 840
0.102 2.6 1.046 26.6 1.252 1.866 0.368 237.7 25,750 11,700 29,430 13,370 10,860 74.8 8,700 59.8 660 890
0.109 2.8 1.032 26.3 1.330 1.982 0.391 252.5 27,350 12,430 31,260 14,200 11,650 80.2 9,300 64.1 690 940
0.118 3.0 1.014 25.8 1.428 2.129 0.420 271.2 29,370 13,350 33,570 15,250 12,660 87.1 10,100 69.7 730 990
0.125 3.2 1.000 25.5 1.503 2.241 0.442 285.5 30,930 14,050 35,340 16,060 13,440 92.5 10,800 74.0 760 1,030
0.134 3.4 0.982 25.0 1.599 2.384 0.470 303.6 32,890 14,940 37,580 17,080 14,450 99.5 11,600 79.6 800 1,080
0.145 3.7 0.960 24.4 1.713 2.554 0.503 325.3 35,240 16,010 40,270 18,300 15,680 107.9 12,500 86.4 840 1,140
0.156 4.0 0.938 23.9 1.824 2.720 0.536 346.5 37,530 17,050 42,890 19,490 16,910 116.4 13,500 93.1 880 1,190
0.175 4.4 0.900 22.9 2.011 2.999 0.591 382.0 41,370 18,800 47,280 21,490 19,040 131.1 15,000 103.4 940 1,270
0.188 4.8 0.874 22.2 2.134 3.183 0.627 405.4 43,910 19,950 50,180 22,800 20,500 141.1 15,000 103.4 980 1,330
1.500 38.1 0.095 2.4 1.310 33.3 1.427 2.124 0.419 270.5 29,350 13,310 33,550 15,220 8,400 57.9 6,700 46.3 930 1,260
0.102 2.6 1.296 32.9 1.524 2.269 0.448 289.0 31,360 14,220 35,840 16,260 9,050 62.4 7,200 49.9 990 1,340
0.109 2.8 1.282 32.6 1.621 2.412 0.476 307.3 33,340 15,120 38,110 17,280 9,710 66.9 7,800 53.5 1,040 1,410
0.118 3.0 1.264 32.1 1.743 2.594 0.512 330.5 35,860 16,270 40,990 18,590 10,550 72.7 8,400 58.2 1,110 1,500
0.125 3.2 1.250 31.8 1.837 2.735 0.540 348.4 37,800 17,140 43,200 19,590 11,200 77.2 9,000 61.8 1,160 1,570
0.134 3.4 1.232 31.3 1.957 2.912 0.575 371.0 40,250 18,260 46,000 20,870 12,040 83.0 9,600 66.4 1,220 1,650
0.145 3.7 1.210 30.7 2.100 3.126 0.617 398.2 43,210 19,600 49,380 22,400 13,070 90.1 10,500 72.1 1,290 1,750
0.156 4.0 1.188 30.2 2.241 3.336 0.659 425.0 46,110 20,910 52,690 23,900 14,090 97.2 11,300 77.7 1,350 1,830
0.175 4.4 1.150 29.2 2.479 3.689 0.728 470.0 50,990 23,130 58,280 26,430 15,870 109.4 12,700 87.5 1,460 1,980
0.188 4.8 1.124 28.5 2.637 3.924 0.775 499.9 54,240 24,600 61,990 28,120 17,080 117.8 13,700 94.2 1,530 2,070
0.203 5.2 1.094 27.8 2.815 4.189 0.827 533.6 57,900 26,260 66,170 30,020 18,480 127.4 14,800 101.9 1,600 2,170
1.750 44.5 0.109 2.8 1.532 39.0 1.912 2.849 0.562 363.0 39,340 17,860 44,950 20,420 8,320 57.3 6,700 45.8 1,460 1,980
0.118 3.0 1.514 38.5 2.059 3.068 0.605 390.8 42,350 19,230 48,400 21,980 9,040 62.3 7,200 49.8 1,560 2,120
0.125 3.2 1.500 38.2 2.171 3.236 0.638 412.2 44,670 20,290 51,050 23,180 9,600 66.1 7,700 52.9 1,630 2,210
0.134 3.4 1.482 37.7 2.315 3.450 0.680 439.4 47,620 21,630 54,420 24,720 10,320 71.1 8,300 56.9 1,720 2,330
0.145 3.7 1.460 37.1 2.488 3.707 0.731 472.3 51,180 23,240 58,490 26,560 11,200 77.1 9,000 61.7 1,830 2,480
0.156 4.0 1.438 36.6 2.658 3.961 0.781 504.6 54,680 24,840 62,500 28,380 12,080 83.2 9,700 66.6 1,930 2,620
0.175 4.4 1.400 35.6 2.946 4.391 0.866 559.3 60,610 27,530 69,270 31,460 13,600 93.7 10,900 74.9 2,090 2,830
0.188 4.8 1.374 34.9 3.139 4.678 0.923 595.9 64,580 29,330 73,800 33,520 14,640 100.8 11,700 80.7 2,200 2,980
0.203 5.2 1.344 34.2 3.357 5.003 0.987 637.3 69,060 31,370 78,930 35,850 15,840 109.1 12,700 87.3 2,310 3,130
0.224 5.7 1.302 33.1 3.624 5,446 1.074 693.4 75,170 34,141 85,910 39,000 17,520 120.7 14,000 96.5 2,460 3,510
6
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
2.000 50.8 0.109 2.8 1.782 45.3 2.203 3.279 0.648 417.8 45,330 20,560 51,800 23,500 7,280 50.2 5,800 40.2 1,960 2,660
0.118 3.0 1.764 44.8 2.374 3.533 0.698 450.1 48,840 22,150 55,810 25,320 7,910 54.5 6,300 43.6 2,090 2,830
0.125 3.2 1.750 44.5 2.505 3.729 0.736 475.0 51,540 23,380 58,910 26,720 8,400 57.9 6,700 46.3 2,190 2,970
0.134 3.4 1.732 44.0 2.673 3.978 0.786 506.8 54,990 24,940 62,840 28,510 9,030 62.3 7,200 49.8 2,310 3,130
0.145 3.7 1.710 43.4 2.875 4.280 0.845 545.2 59,150 26,830 67,600 30,660 9,800 67.6 7,800 54.1 2,460 3,340
0.156 4.0 1.688 42.9 3.075 4.577 0.904 583.0 63,260 28,690 72,300 32,790 10,570 72.9 8,500 58.3 2,610 3,540
0.175 4.4 1.650 41.9 3.414 5.081 1.003 647.3 70,230 31,860 80,270 36,410 11,900 82.0 9,500 65.6 2,840 3,850
0.188 4.8 1.624 41.2 3.642 5.420 1.070 690.5 74,910 33,980 85,620 38,840 12,810 88.3 10,200 70.7 2,990 4,050
0.203 5.2 1.594 40.5 3.900 5.804 1.146 739.4 80,220 36,390 91,680 41,590 13,860 95.6 11,100 76.4 3,160 4,280
0.224 5.7 1.552 39.4 4.253 6.327 1.250 806.0 87,490 39,670 99,980 45,330 15,330 105.6 12,300 84.5 3,370 4,570
0.236 6.0 1.528 38.8 4.450 6.623 1.308 843.7 91,550 41,520 104,630 47,460 16,170 111.5 12,900 89.2 3,490 4,730
0.250 6.4 1.500 38.1 4.677 6.961 1.374 886.7 96,210 43,640 109,960 49,880 17,150 118.2 13,700 94.6 3,620 4,910
2.375 60.3 0.134 3.4 2.107 53.5 3.210 4.776 0.943 608.4 66,040 29,940 75,470 34,220 7,600 52.5 6,100 42.0 3,370 4,570
0.145 3.7 2.085 52.9 3.457 5.142 1.016 655.1 71,110 32,240 81,270 36,850 8,250 56.9 6,600 45.5 3,600 4,880
0.156 4.0 2.063 52.4 3.700 5.505 1.088 701.3 76,130 34,510 87,000 39,450 8,900 61.4 7,100 49.1 3,820 5,180
0.175 4.4 2.025 51.4 4.116 6.123 1.210 780.0 84,670 38,390 96,760 43,870 10,020 69.1 8,000 55.3 4,180 5,670
0.188 4.8 1.999 50.7 4.395 6.539 1.292 833.0 90,420 40,990 103,340 46,850 10,790 74.4 8,600 59.5 4,410 5,980
0.203 5.2 1.969 50.0 4.713 7.012 1.385 893.3 96,960 43,960 110,810 50,240 11,670 80.5 9,300 64.4 4,670 6,330
0.224 5.7 1.927 48.9 5.151 7.659 1.514 975.7 105,960 48,020 121,100 54,880 12,910 89.0 10,300 71.2 5,020 6,810
0.236 6.0 1.903 48.3 5.396 8.028 1.586 1,022.6 111,010 50,330 126,870 57,520 13,620 93.9 10,900 75.1 5,210 7,060
0.250 6.4 1.875 47.6 5.679 8.449 1.669 1,076.3 116,830 52,970 133,520 60,530 14,440 99.6 11,600 79.7 5,420 7,350
7
For the appropriate sizes, QT-800 can be routinely ordered as a TRUE-TAPER string, straight wall, straight wall Flash-Free string or as
a string with an electric wireline or capillary tube installed. QT-800 is manufactured from high strength low alloy steel (HSLAS) with
alloying additions to provide resistance to atmospheric corrosion. The chemical composition of QT-800 meets the specification
requirements of API 5ST CT80.
Minimum Elongation 26%
Technical Data
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
1.000 25.4 0.087 2.2 0.826 21.0 0.849 1.264 0.250 161.0 19,960 9,060 22,460 10,190 13,120 90.5 10,500 72.4 400 540
0.095 2.4 0.810 20.6 0.919 1.368 0.270 174.3 21,610 9,800 24,310 11,030 14,400 99.3 11,500 79.4 430 580
0.102 2.6 0.796 20.2 0.979 1.457 0.288 185.6 23,020 10,440 25,900 11,750 15,520 107.0 12,400 85.6 450 610
0.109 2.8 0.782 19.9 1.038 1.545 0.305 196.8 24,410 11,070 27,460 12,460 16,640 114.7 13,300 91.8 470 640
0.118 3.0 0.764 19.4 1.113 1.656 0.327 210.9 26,160 11,860 29,430 13,350 18,080 124.6 14,500 99.7 500 680
0.125 3.2 0.750 19.1 1.169 1.740 0.344 221.7 27,490 12,470 30,930 14,030 19,200 132.4 15,000 103.4 520 710
1.250 31.8 0.087 2.2 1.076 27.4 1.082 1.613 0.318 205.4 25,430 11,560 28,610 13,000 10,500 72.3 8,400 57.8 670 910
0.095 2.4 1.060 27.0 1.173 1.749 0.345 222.8 27,580 12,530 31,020 14,100 11,520 79.3 9,200 63.4 710 960
0.102 2.6 1.046 26.6 1.252 1.866 0.368 237.7 29,430 13,370 33,110 15,040 12,420 85.5 9,900 68.4 750 1,020
0.109 2.8 1.032 26.3 1.330 1.982 0.391 252.5 31,260 14,200 35,160 15,980 13,310 91.6 10,600 73.3 790 1,070
0.118 3.0 1.014 25.8 1.428 2.129 0.420 271.2 33,570 15,250 37,770 17,160 14,460 99.6 11,600 79.6 840 1,140
0.125 3.2 1.000 25.5 1.503 2.241 0.442 285.5 35,340 16,060 39,760 18,070 15,360 105.7 12,300 84.6 870 1,180
0.134 3.4 0.982 25.0 1.599 2.384 0.470 303.6 37,580 17,080 42,280 19,210 16,510 113.7 13,200 90.9 910 1,230
0.145 3.7 0.960 24.4 1.713 2.554 0.503 325.3 40,270 18,300 45,300 20,590 17,920 123.4 14,300 98.7 960 1,300
0.156 4.0 0.938 23.9 1.824 2.720 0.536 346.5 42,890 19,490 48,250 21,930 19,330 133.1 15,000 103.4 1,010 1,370
0.175 4.4 0.900 22.9 2.011 2.999 0.591 382.0 47,280 21,490 53,190 24,170 21,760 149.8 15,000 103.4 1,080 1,460
0.188 4.8 0.874 22.2 2.134 3.183 0.627 405.4 50,180 22,800 56,450 25,650 23,420 161.2 15,000 103.4 1,120 1,520
1.500 38.1 0.095 2.4 1.310 33.3 1.427 2.124 0.419 270.5 33,550 15,220 37,740 17,120 9,600 66.2 7,700 53.0 1,070 1,450
0.102 2.6 1.296 32.9 1.524 2.269 0.448 289.0 35,840 16,260 40,320 18,290 10,350 71.3 8,300 57.1 1,130 1,530
0.109 2.8 1.282 32.6 1.621 2.412 0.476 307.3 38,110 17,280 42,870 19,450 11,090 76.5 8,900 61.2 1,190 1,610
0.118 3.0 1.264 32.1 1.743 2.594 0.512 330.5 40,990 18,590 46,110 20,910 12,050 83.1 9,600 66.5 1,260 1,710
0.125 3.2 1.250 31.8 1.837 2.735 0.540 348.4 43,200 19,590 48,600 22,040 12,800 88.3 10,200 70.6 1,320 1,790
0.134 3.4 1.232 31.3 1.957 2.912 0.575 371.0 46,000 20,870 51,750 23,480 13,760 94.9 11,000 75.9 1,390 1,880
0.145 3.7 1.210 30.7 2.100 3.126 0.617 398.2 49,380 22,400 55,550 25,200 14,930 103.0 11,900 82.4 1,470 1,990
0.156 4.0 1.188 30.2 2.241 3.336 0.659 425.0 52,690 23,900 59,280 26,890 16,110 111.1 12,900 88.8 1,550 2,100
0.175 4.4 1.150 29.2 2.479 3.689 0.728 470.0 58,280 26,430 65,560 29,740 18,130 125.0 14,500 100.0 1,670 2,260
0.188 4.8 1.124 28.5 2.637 3.924 0.775 499.9 61,990 28,120 69,740 31,630 19,520 134.6 15,000 103.4 1,750 2,370
0.203 5.2 1.094 27.8 2.815 4.189 0.827 533.6 66,170 30,020 74,440 33,770 21,120 145.6 15,000 103.4 1,830 2,480
1.750 44.5 0.109 2.8 1.532 39.0 1.912 2.849 0.562 363.0 44,950 20,420 50,570 22,970 9,510 65.5 7,600 52.4 1,670 2,260
0.118 3.0 1.514 38.5 2.059 3.068 0.605 390.8 48,400 21,980 54,450 24,730 10,330 71.1 8,300 56.9 1,780 2,410
0.125 3.2 1.500 38.2 2.171 3.236 0.638 412.2 51,050 23,180 57,430 26,080 10,970 75.6 8,800 60.4 1,860 2,520
0.134 3.4 1.482 37.7 2.315 3.450 0.680 439.4 54,420 24,720 61,230 27,810 11,790 81.2 9,400 65.0 1,970 2,670
0.145 3.7 1.460 37.1 2.488 3.707 0.731 472.3 58,490 26,560 65,800 29,880 12,800 88.2 10,200 70.5 2,090 2,830
0.156 4.0 1.438 36.6 2.658 3.961 0.781 504.6 62,500 28,380 70,310 31,930 13,810 95.1 11,000 76.1 2,200 2,980
0.175 4.4 1.400 35.6 2.946 4.391 0.866 559.3 69,270 31,460 77,930 35,390 15,540 107.0 12,400 85.6 2,390 3,240
0.188 4.8 1.374 34.9 3.139 4.678 0.923 595.9 73,800 33,520 83,030 37,710 16,730 115.2 13,400 92.2 2,510 3,400
0.203 5.2 1.344 34.2 3.357 5.003 0.987 637.3 78,930 35,850 88,790 40,330 18,100 124.7 14,500 99.7 2,640 3,580
0.224 5.7 1.302 33.1 3.654 5.444 1.074 693.4 85,910 39,000 96,650 43,880 20,020 137.8 15,000 103.4 2,810 3,810
8
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
2.000 50.8 0.109 2.8 1.782 45.3 2.203 3.279 0.648 417.8 51,800 23,500 58,280 26,440 8,320 57.4 6,700 45.9 2,240 3,040
0.118 3.0 1.764 44.8 2.374 3.533 0.698 450.1 55,810 25,320 62,790 28,480 9,040 62.3 7,200 49.9 2,390 3,240
0.125 3.2 1.750 44.5 2.505 3.729 0.736 475.0 58,910 26,720 66,270 30,060 9,600 66.2 7,700 53.0 2,500 3,390
0.134 3.4 1.732 44.0 2.673 3.978 0.786 506.8 62,840 28,510 70,700 32,070 10,320 71.2 8,300 56.9 2,650 3,590
0.145 3.7 1.710 43.4 2.875 4.280 0.845 545.2 67,600 30,660 76,050 34,500 11,200 77.2 9,000 61.8 2,810 3,810
0.156 4.0 1.688 42.9 3.075 4.577 0.904 583.0 72,300 32,790 81,340 36,890 12,080 83.3 9,700 66.6 2,980 4,040
0.175 4.4 1.650 41.9 3.414 5.081 1.003 647.3 80,270 36,410 90,300 40,960 13,600 93.8 10,900 75.0 3,250 4,410
0.188 4.8 1.624 41.2 3.642 5.420 1.070 690.5 85,620 38,840 96,320 43,690 14,640 100.9 11,700 80.8 3,420 4,640
0.203 5.2 1.594 40.5 3.900 5.804 1.146 739.4 91,680 41,590 103,140 46,780 15,840 109.2 12,700 87.4 3,610 4,890
0.224 5.7 1.552 39.4 4.253 6.327 1.250 806.0 99,980 45,330 112,480 51,000 17,520 120.7 14,000 96.6 3,850 5,220
0.236 6.0 1.528 38.8 4.450 6.623 1.308 843.7 104,630 47,460 117,710 53,390 18,480 127.4 14,800 101.9 3,990 5,410
0.250 6.4 1.500 38.1 4.677 6.961 1.374 886.7 109,960 49,880 123,700 56,110 19,600 135.1 15,000 103.4 4,130 5,600
2.375 60.3 0.134 3.4 2.107 53.5 3.210 4.776 0.943 608.4 75,470 34,220 84,910 38,500 8,690 59.9 7,000 48.0 3,850 5,220
0.145 3.7 2.085 52.9 3.457 5.142 1.016 655.1 81,270 36,850 91,430 41,450 9,430 65.1 7,500 52.0 4,110 5,570
0.156 4.0 2.063 52.4 3.700 5.505 1.088 701.3 87,000 39,450 97,880 44,380 10,170 70.2 8,100 56.1 4,360 5,910
0.175 4.4 2.025 51.4 4.116 6.123 1.210 780.0 96,760 43,870 108,860 49,350 11,450 79.0 9,200 63.2 4,770 6,470
0.188 4.8 1.999 50.7 4.395 6.539 1.292 833.0 103,340 46,850 116,250 52,710 12,330 85.0 9,900 68.0 5,040 6,830
0.203 5.2 1.969 50.0 4.713 7.012 1.385 893.3 110,810 50,240 124,670 56,520 13,340 92.0 10,700 73.6 5,340 7,240
0.224 5.7 1.927 48.9 5.151 7.659 1.514 975.7 121,100 54,880 136,230 61,740 14,750 101.7 11,800 81.4 5,740 7,780
0.236 6.0 1.903 48.3 5.396 8.028 1.586 1,022.6 126,870 57,520 142,730 64,710 15,560 107.3 12,400 85.9 5,950 8,070
0.250 6.4 1.875 47.6 5.679 8.449 1.669 1,076.3 133,520 60,530 150,210 68,100 16,510 113.8 13,200 91.1 6,190 8,390
2.625 66.7 0.156 4.0 2.313 58.8 4.117 6.131 1.210 781.0 96,800 43,930 108,900 49,420 9,200 63.4 7,400 50.7 5,430 7,360
0.175 4.4 2.275 57.8 4.583 6.824 1.347 869.4 107,760 48,900 121,230 55,010 10,360 71.4 8,300 57.1 5,960 8,080
0.188 4.8 2.249 57.1 4.898 7.292 1.439 929.0 115,150 52,250 129,540 58,780 11,150 76.9 8,900 61.5 6,300 8,540
0.203 5.2 2.219 56.4 5.256 7.826 1.545 996.9 123,570 56,070 139,020 63,080 12,070 83.2 9,700 66.5 6,690 9,070
0.224 5.7 2.177 55.3 5.749 8.557 1.690 1,090.1 135,170 61,310 152,070 68,980 13,350 92.0 10,700 73.6 7,200 9,760
0.236 6.0 2.153 54.7 6.027 8.974 1.771 1,143.1 141,700 64,300 159,410 72,330 14,080 97.0 11,300 77.6 7,480 10,140
0.250 6.4 2.125 54.0 6.347 9.451 1.865 1,203.9 149,230 67,720 167,880 76,180 14,930 102.9 11,900 82.3 7,800 10,580
2.875 73.0 0.156 4.0 2.563 65.1 4.534 6.746 1.333 859.4 106,600 48,340 119,930 54,380 8,400 58.0 6,700 46.4 6,620 8,980
0.175 4.4 2.525 64.1 5.051 7.515 1.484 957.3 118,750 53,850 133,600 60,580 9,460 65.3 7,600 52.2 7,270 9,860
0.188 4.8 2.499 63.4 5.400 8.034 1.587 1,023.5 126,960 57,570 142,830 64,760 10,180 70.2 8,100 56.2 7,710 10,450
0.203 5.2 2.469 62.7 5.798 8.627 1.704 1,099.0 136,320 61,810 153,360 69,540 11,020 76.0 8,800 60.8 8,190 11,100
0.224 5.7 2.427 61.6 6.348 9.441 1.866 1,202.6 149,240 67,640 167,900 76,100 12,190 84.0 9,800 67.2 8,840 11,990
0.236 6.0 2.403 61.0 6.658 9.905 1.957 1,261.8 156,530 70,970 176,090 79,840 12,860 88.7 10,300 70.9 9,190 12,460
0.250 6.4 2.375 60.3 7.015 10.437 2.062 1,329.6 164,930 74,790 185,550 84,130 13,630 94.0 10,900 75.2 9,600 13,020
3.250 82.6 0.188 4.8 2.874 73.0 6.154 9.165 1.808 1,167.5 144,680 65,670 162,760 73,880 9,010 62.1 7,200 49.7 10,080 13,670
0.203 5.2 2.844 72.3 6.612 9.848 1.943 1,254.5 155,460 70,560 174,890 79,380 9,750 67.2 7,800 53.7 10,730 14,550
0.224 5.7 2.802 71.2 7.246 10.787 2.129 1,374.1 170,360 77,290 191,650 86,950 10,780 74.3 8,600 59.4 11,610 15,740
0.236 6.0 2.778 70.6 7.604 11.324 2.235 1,442.5 178,770 81,140 201,120 91,280 11,370 78.4 9,100 62.7 12,090 16,390
0.250 6.4 2.750 69.9 8.018 11.941 2.356 1,521.1 188,500 85,560 212,060 96,250 12,060 83.1 9,600 66.5 12,640 17,140
3.500 88.9 0.188 4.8 3.124 79.3 6.656 9.907 1.956 1,262.0 156,490 70,980 176,050 79,860 8,370 57.7 6,700 46.1 11,840 16,050
0.203 5.2 3.094 78.6 7.155 10.649 2.103 1,356.5 168,210 76,300 189,240 85,840 9,050 62.4 7,200 49.9 12,610 17,100
0.224 5.7 3.052 77.5 7.845 11.671 2.305 1,486.7 184,430 83,620 207,480 94,070 10,010 69.0 8,000 55.2 13,670 18,530
0.236 6.0 3.028 76.9 8.235 12.255 2.420 1,561.2 193,600 87,810 217,800 98,790 10,560 72.8 8,400 58.2 14,250 19,320
0.250 6.4 3.000 76.2 8.686 12.927 2.553 1,646.8 204,200 92,630 229,730 104,200 11,200 77.2 9,000 61.8 14,910 20,220
9
Calculated from the formula:

Aw0.2
E=850,000 %
Lu0.9
Minimum Elongation
Where:
Aw = Pipe Metal Cross Section, (in²)
Lu = Specified Minimum Tensile Strength (psi).
Technical Data
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
1.000 25.4 0.087 2.2 0.826 21.0 0.849 1.264 0.250 161.0 22,460 10,190 24,450 11,090 14,760 101.8 11,800 81.4 450 610
0.095 2.4 0.810 20.6 0.919 1.368 0.270 174.3 24,310 11,030 26,470 12,010 16,200 111.7 13,000 89.4 480 650
0.102 2.6 0.796 20.2 0.979 1.457 0.288 185.6 25,900 11,750 28,200 12,790 17,460 120.4 14,000 96.3 510 690
0.109 2.8 0.782 19.9 1.038 1.545 0.305 196.8 27,460 12,460 29,900 13,560 18,720 129.1 15,000 103.3 530 720
0.118 3.0 0.764 19.4 1.113 1.656 0.327 210.9 29,430 13,350 32,040 14,530 20,340 140.2 15,000 103.4 560 760
0.125 3.2 0.750 19.1 1.169 1.740 0.344 221.7 30,930 14,030 33,670 15,270 21,600 148.9 15,000 103.4 580 790
1.250 31.8 0.087 2.2 1.076 27.4 1.082 1.613 0.318 205.4 28,610 13,000 31,150 14,150 11,810 81.3 9,400 65.0 750 1,020
0.095 2.4 1.060 27.0 1.173 1.749 0.345 222.8 31,020 14,100 33,780 15,350 12,960 89.2 10,400 71.4 800 1,080
0.102 2.6 1.046 26.6 1.252 1.866 0.368 237.7 33,110 15,040 36,050 16,380 13,970 96.2 11,200 76.9 850 1,150
0.109 2.8 1.032 26.3 1.330 1.982 0.391 252.5 35,160 15,980 38,290 17,400 14,980 103.1 12,000 82.5 890 1,210
0.118 3.0 1.014 25.8 1.428 2.129 0.420 271.2 37,770 17,160 41,120 18,690 16,270 112.0 13,000 89.6 940 1,270
0.125 3.2 1.000 25.5 1.503 2.241 0.442 285.5 39,760 18,070 43,300 19,670 17,280 119.0 13,800 95.2 980 1,330
0.134 3.4 0.982 25.0 1.599 2.384 0.470 303.6 42,280 19,210 46,040 20,920 18,580 127.9 14,900 102.3 1,030 1,400
0.145 3.7 0.960 24.4 1.713 2.554 0.503 325.3 45,300 20,590 49,330 22,420 20,160 138.8 15,000 103.4 1,080 1,460
0.156 4.0 0.938 23.9 1.824 2.720 0.536 346.5 48,250 21,930 52,540 23,880 21,740 149.7 15,000 103.4 1,130 1,530
0.175 4.4 0.900 22.9 2.011 2.999 0.591 382.0 53,190 24,170 57,920 26,320 24,480 168.5 15,000 103.4 1,210 1,640
0.188 4.8 0.874 22.2 2.134 3.183 0.627 405.4 56,450 25,650 61,470 27,930 26,350 181.4 15,000 103.4 1,260 1,710
1.500 38.1 0.095 2.4 1.310 33.3 1.427 2.124 0.419 270.5 37,740 17,120 41,090 18,640 10,800 74.5 8,600 59.6 1,200 1,630
0.102 2.6 1.296 32.9 1.524 2.269 0.448 289.0 40,320 18,290 43,900 19,910 11,640 80.3 9,300 64.2 1,270 1,720
0.109 2.8 1.282 32.6 1.621 2.412 0.476 307.3 42,870 19,450 46,680 21,170 12,480 86.0 10,000 68.8 1,340 1,820
0.118 3.0 1.264 32.1 1.743 2.594 0.512 330.5 46,110 20,910 50,210 22,770 13,560 93.5 10,800 74.8 1,420 1,930
0.125 3.2 1.250 31.8 1.837 2.735 0.540 348.4 48,600 22,040 52,920 24,000 14,400 99.3 11,500 79.4 1,490 2,020
0.134 3.4 1.232 31.3 1.957 2.912 0.575 371.0 51,750 23,480 56,360 25,560 15,480 106.7 12,400 85.4 1,560 2,120
0.145 3.7 1.210 30.7 2.100 3.126 0.617 398.2 55,550 25,200 60,490 27,440 16,800 115.8 13,400 92.7 1,650 2,240
0.156 4.0 1.188 30.2 2.241 3.336 0.659 425.0 59,280 26,890 64,550 29,280 18,120 124.9 14,500 99.9 1,740 2,360
0.175 4.4 1.150 29.2 2.479 3.689 0.728 470.0 65,560 29,740 71,390 32,380 20,400 140.7 15,000 103.4 1,880 2,550
0.188 4.8 1.124 28.5 2.637 3.924 0.775 499.9 69,740 31,630 75,940 34,450 21,960 151.4 15,000 103.4 1,960 2,660
0.203 5.2 1.094 27.8 2.815 4.189 0.827 533.6 74,440 33,770 81,060 36,770 23,760 163.8 15,000 103.4 2,060 2,790
1.750 44.5 0.109 2.8 1.532 39.0 1.912 2.849 0.562 363.0 50,570 22,970 55,070 25,010 10,700 73.7 8,600 58.9 1,880 2,550
0.118 3.0 1.514 38.5 2.059 3.068 0.605 390.8 54,450 24,730 59,290 26,920 11,620 80.0 9,300 64.0 2,000 2,710
0.125 3.2 1.500 38.2 2.171 3.236 0.638 412.2 57,430 26,080 62,540 28,400 12,340 85.0 9,900 68.0 2,100 2,850
0.134 3.4 1.482 37.7 2.315 3.450 0.680 439.4 61,230 27,810 66,670 30,280 13,270 91.4 10,600 73.1 2,210 3,000
0.145 3.7 1.460 37.1 2.488 3.707 0.731 472.3 65,800 29,880 71,650 32,540 14,400 99.2 11,500 79.3 2,350 3,190
0.156 4.0 1.438 36.6 2.658 3.961 0.781 504.6 70,310 31,930 76,560 34,770 15,530 107.0 12,400 85.6 2,480 3,360
0.175 4.4 1.400 35.6 2.946 4.391 0.866 559.3 77,930 35,390 84,860 38,540 17,490 120.4 14,000 96.3 2,690 3,650
0.188 4.8 1.374 34.9 3.139 4.678 0.923 595.9 83,030 37,710 90,410 41,060 18,820 129.6 15,000 103.4 2,820 3,820
0.203 5.2 1.344 34.2 3.357 5.003 0.987 637.3 88,790 40,330 96,690 43,910 20,370 140.3 15,000 103.4 2,970 4,030
0.224 5.7 1.302 33.1 3.654 5.444 1.074 693.4 96,650 43,880 105,240 47,780 22,530 155.1 15,000 103.4 3,160 4,280
10
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
2.000 50.8 0.109 2.8 1.782 45.3 2.203 3.279 0.648 417.8 58,280 26,440 63,460 28,780 9,360 64.5 7,500 51.6 2,510 3,400
0.118 3.0 1.764 44.8 2.374 3.533 0.698 450.1 62,790 28,480 68,370 31,010 10,170 70.1 8,100 56.1 2,690 3,650
0.125 3.2 1.750 44.5 2.505 3.729 0.736 475.0 66,270 30,060 72,160 32,730 10,800 74.5 8,600 59.6 2,810 3,810
0.134 3.4 1.732 44.0 2.673 3.978 0.786 506.8 70,700 32,070 76,980 34,920 11,610 80.0 9,300 64.0 2,980 4,040
0.145 3.7 1.710 43.4 2.875 4.280 0.845 545.2 76,050 34,500 82,810 37,560 12,600 86.9 10,100 69.5 3,170 4,300
0.156 4.0 1.688 42.9 3.075 4.577 0.904 583.0 81,340 36,890 88,570 40,170 13,590 93.7 10,900 75.0 3,350 4,540
0.175 4.4 1.650 41.9 3.414 5.081 1.003 647.3 90,300 40,960 98,330 44,600 15,300 105.5 12,200 84.4 3,650 4,950
0.188 4.8 1.624 41.2 3.642 5.420 1.070 690.5 96,320 43,690 104,880 47,570 16,470 113.6 13,200 90.8 3,840 5,210
0.203 5.2 1.594 40.5 3.900 5.804 1.146 739.4 103,140 46,780 112,310 50,940 17,820 122.9 14,300 98.3 4,060 5,500
0.224 5.7 1.552 39.4 4.253 6.327 1.250 806.0 112,480 51,000 122,480 55,530 19,710 135.8 15,000 103.4 4,340 5,880
0.236 6.0 1.528 38.8 4.450 6.623 1.308 843.7 117,710 53,390 128,170 58,130 20,790 143.3 15,000 103.4 4,480 6,070
0.250 6.4 1.500 38.1 4.677 6.961 1.374 886.7 123,700 56,110 134,700 61,100 22,050 152.0 15,000 103.4 4,650 6,300
2.375 60.3 0.134 3.4 2.107 53.5 3.210 4.776 0.943 608.4 84,910 38,500 92,450 41,920 9,780 67.4 7,800 53.9 4,330 5,870
0.145 3.7 2.085 52.9 3.457 5.142 1.016 655.1 91,430 41,450 99,550 45,140 10,610 73.2 8,500 58.5 4,620 6,260
0.156 4.0 2.063 52.4 3.700 5.505 1.088 701.3 97,880 44,380 106,580 48,320 11,440 78.9 9,200 63.2 4,910 6,660
0.175 4.4 2.025 51.4 4.116 6.123 1.210 780.0 108,860 49,350 118,530 53,740 12,880 88.9 10,300 71.1 5,370 7,280
0.188 4.8 1.999 50.7 4.395 6.539 1.292 833.0 116,250 52,710 126,590 57,390 13,870 95.7 11,100 76.5 5,670 7,690
0.203 5.2 1.969 50.0 4.713 7.012 1.385 893.3 124,670 56,520 135,750 61,550 15,010 103.5 12,000 82.8 6,010 8,150
0.224 5.7 1.927 48.9 5.151 7.659 1.514 975.7 136,230 61,740 148,340 67,230 16,600 114.4 13,300 91.5 6,450 8,750
0.236 6.0 1.903 48.3 5.396 8.028 1.586 1,022.6 142,730 64,710 155,420 70,460 17,510 120.8 14,000 96.6 6,690 9,070
0.250 6.4 1.875 47.6 5.679 8.449 1.669 1,076.3 150,210 68,100 163,560 74,160 18,570 128.1 14,900 102.5 6,970 9,450
2.625 66.7 0.156 4.0 2.313 58.8 4.117 6.131 1.210 781.0 108,900 49,420 118,580 53,810 10,350 71.4 8,300 57.1 6,110 8,280
0.175 4.4 2.275 57.8 4.583 6.824 1.347 869.4 121,230 55,010 132,000 59,900 11,660 80.3 9,300 64.3 6,700 9,080
0.188 4.8 2.249 57.1 4.898 7.292 1.439 929.0 129,540 58,780 141,060 64,010 12,550 86.5 10,000 69.2 7,090 9,610
0.203 5.2 2.219 56.4 5.256 7.826 1.545 996.9 139,020 63,080 151,370 68,690 13,580 93.6 10,900 74.9 7,530 10,210
0.224 5.7 2.177 55.3 5.749 8.557 1.690 1,090.1 152,070 68,980 165,580 75,110 15,020 103.5 12,000 82.8 8,100 10,980
0.236 6.0 2.153 54.7 6.027 8.974 1.771 1,143.1 159,410 72,330 173,580 78,760 15,840 109.2 12,700 87.3 8,420 11,420
0.250 6.4 2.125 54.0 6.347 9.451 1.865 1,203.9 167,880 76,180 182,800 82,950 16,800 115.8 13,400 92.6 8,770 11,890
2.875 73.0 0.156 4.0 2.563 65.1 4.534 6.746 1.333 859.4 119,930 54,380 130,590 59,210 9,450 65.2 7,600 52.2 7,440 10,090
0.175 4.4 2.525 64.1 5.051 7.515 1.484 957.3 133,600 60,580 145,470 65,960 10,640 73.4 8,500 58.7 8,180 11,090
0.188 4.8 2.499 63.4 5.400 8.034 1.587 1,023.5 142,830 64,760 155,530 70,520 11,460 79.0 9,200 63.2 8,670 11,750
0.203 5.2 2.469 62.7 5.798 8.627 1.704 1,099.0 153,360 69,540 167,000 75,720 12,400 85.5 9,900 68.4 9,210 12,490
0.224 5.7 2.427 61.6 6.348 9.441 1.866 1,202.6 167,900 76,100 182,820 82,860 13,710 94.5 11,000 75.6 9,940 13,480
0.236 6.0 2.403 61.0 6.658 9.905 1.957 1,261.8 176,090 79,840 191,750 86,940 14,460 99.7 11,600 79.8 10,340 14,020
0.250 6.4 2.375 60.3 7.015 10.437 2.062 1,329.6 185,550 84,130 202,040 91,610 15,340 105.8 12,300 84.6 10,790 14,630
11

AAww0.2
0.2
E=800,000 %
LLuu0.9
0.9
Minimum Elongation
Where:
Technical Data
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
1.000 25.4 0.087 2.2 0.826 21.0 0.849 1.264 0.250 161.0 24,950 11,320 27,450 12,450 16,400 113.1 13,100 90.5 500 680
0.095 2.4 0.810 20.6 0.919 1.368 0.270 174.3 27,010 12,250 29,710 13,480 18,000 124.1 14,400 99.3 540 730
0.102 2.6 0.796 20.2 0.979 1.457 0.288 185.6 28,780 13,050 31,650 14,360 19,400 133.8 15,000 103.4 570 770
0.109 2.8 0.782 19.9 1.038 1.545 0.305 196.8 30,510 13,840 33,560 15,220 20,800 143.4 15,000 103.4 590 800
0.118 3.0 0.764 19.4 1.113 1.656 0.327 210.9 32,700 14,830 35,970 16,310 22,600 155.8 15,000 103.4 620 840
0.125 3.2 0.750 19.1 1.169 1.740 0.344 221.7 34,360 15,590 37,800 17,140 24,000 165.5 15,000 103.4 650 880
1.250 31.8 0.087 2.2 1.076 27.4 1.082 1.613 0.318 205.4 31,790 14,440 34,970 15,890 13,120 90.3 10,500 72.3 830 1,130
0.095 2.4 1.060 27.0 1.173 1.749 0.345 222.8 34,470 15,660 37,920 17,230 14,400 99.1 11,500 79.3 890 1,210
0.102 2.6 1.046 26.6 1.252 1.866 0.368 237.7 36,790 16,720 40,470 18,390 15,520 106.8 12,400 85.5 940 1,270
0.109 2.8 1.032 26.3 1.330 1.982 0.391 252.5 39,070 17,750 42,980 19,530 16,640 114.5 13,300 91.6 990 1,340
0.118 3.0 1.014 25.8 1.428 2.129 0.420 271.2 41,960 19,070 46,160 20,970 18,080 124.5 14,500 99.6 1,050 1,420
0.125 3.2 1.000 25.5 1.503 2.241 0.442 285.5 44,180 20,070 48,600 22,080 19,200 132.2 15,000 103.4 1,090 1,480
0.134 3.4 0.982 25.0 1.599 2.384 0.470 303.6 46,980 21,350 51,680 23,480 20,640 142.1 15,000 103.4 1,140 1,550
0.145 3.7 0.960 24.4 1.713 2.554 0.503 325.3 50,340 22,870 55,370 25,160 22,400 154.2 15,000 103.4 1,200 1,630
0.156 4.0 0.938 23.9 1.824 2.720 0.536 346.5 53,620 24,360 58,980 26,800 24,160 166.3 15,000 103.4 1,260 1,710
0.175 4.4 0.900 22.9 2.011 2.999 0.591 382.0 59,100 26,860 65,010 29,540 27,200 187.2 15,000 103.4 1,350 1,830
0.188 4.8 0.874 22.2 2.134 3.183 0.627 405.4 62,720 28,500 69,000 31,350 29,280 201.6 15,000 103.4 1,400 1,900
1.500 38.1 0.095 2.4 1.310 33.3 1.427 2.124 0.419 270.5 41,930 19,020 46,130 20,920 12,000 82.7 9,600 66.2 1,330 1,800
0.102 2.6 1.296 32.9 1.524 2.269 0.448 289.0 44,800 20,320 49,280 22,350 12,930 89.2 10,300 71.3 1,410 1,910
0.109 2.8 1.282 32.6 1.621 2.412 0.476 307.3 47,630 21,610 52,400 23,770 13,870 95.6 11,100 76.5 1,490 2,020
0.118 3.0 1.264 32.1 1.743 2.594 0.512 330.5 51,230 23,240 56,360 25,560 15,070 103.9 12,100 83.1 1,580 2,140
0.125 3.2 1.250 31.8 1.837 2.735 0.540 348.4 54,000 24,490 59,400 26,940 16,000 110.3 12,800 88.3 1,650 2,240
0.134 3.4 1.232 31.3 1.957 2.912 0.575 371.0 57,510 26,080 63,260 28,690 17,200 118.6 13,800 94.9 1,740 2,360
0.145 3.7 1.210 30.7 2.100 3.126 0.617 398.2 61,720 28,000 67,900 30,800 18,670 128.7 14,900 103.0 1,840 2,490
0.156 4.0 1.188 30.2 2.241 3.336 0.659 425.0 65,870 29,880 72,450 32,870 20,130 138.8 15,000 103.4 1,930 2,620
0.175 4.4 1.150 29.2 2.479 3.689 0.728 470.0 72,850 33,040 80,130 36,350 22,670 156.3 15,000 103.4 2,090 2,830
0.188 4.8 1.124 28.5 2.637 3.924 0.775 499.9 77,490 35,150 85,240 38,660 24,400 168.2 15,000 103.4 2,180 2,960
0.203 5.2 1.094 27.8 2.815 4.189 0.827 533.6 82,720 37,520 90,990 41,270 26,400 182.0 15,000 103.4 2,290 3,100
1.750 44.5 0.109 2.8 1.532 39.0 1.912 2.849 0.562 363.0 56,190 25,520 61,810 28,070 11,890 81.9 9,500 65.5 2,090 2,830
0.118 3.0 1.514 38.5 2.059 3.068 0.605 390.8 60,500 27,470 66,550 30,220 12,910 88.9 10,300 71.1 2,230 3,020
0.125 3.2 1.500 38.2 2.171 3.236 0.638 412.2 63,810 28,980 70,200 31,880 13,710 94.5 11,000 75.6 2,330 3,160
0.134 3.4 1.482 37.7 2.315 3.450 0.680 439.4 68,030 30,900 74,830 33,990 14,740 101.5 11,800 81.2 2,460 3,340
0.145 3.7 1.460 37.1 2.488 3.707 0.731 472.3 73,110 33,200 80,420 36,520 16,000 110.2 12,800 88.2 2,610 3,540
0.156 4.0 1.438 36.6 2.658 3.961 0.781 504.6 78,120 35,480 85,930 39,030 17,260 118.9 13,800 95.1 2,750 3,730
0.175 4.4 1.400 35.6 2.946 4.391 0.866 559.3 86,590 39,330 95,250 43,260 19,430 133.8 15,000 103.4 2,990 4,050
0.188 4.8 1.374 34.9 3.139 4.678 0.923 595.9 92,250 41,900 101,480 46,090 20,910 144.0 15,000 103.4 3,140 4,260
0.203 5.2 1.344 34.2 3.357 5.003 0.987 637.3 98,660 44,810 108,530 49,290 22,630 155.8 15,000 103.4 3,300 4,470
0.224 5.7 1.302 33.1 3.654 5.444 1.074 693.4 107,390 48,750 118,130 53,630 25,030 172.3 15,000 103.4 3,510 4,760
12
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
2.000 50.8 0.109 2.8 1.782 45.3 2.203 3.279 0.648 417.8 64,750 29,370 71,230 32,310 10,400 71.7 8,300 57.4 2,790 3,780
0.118 3.0 1.764 44.8 2.374 3.533 0.698 450.1 69,770 31,640 76,740 34,810 11,300 77.9 9,000 62.3 2,980 4,040
0.125 3.2 1.750 44.5 2.505 3.729 0.736 475.0 73,630 33,400 80,990 36,740 12,000 82.7 9,600 66.2 3,130 4,240
0.134 3.4 1.732 44.0 2.673 3.978 0.786 506.8 78,550 35,630 86,410 39,190 12,900 88.9 10,300 71.2 3,310 4,490
0.145 3.7 1.710 43.4 2.875 4.280 0.845 545.2 84,500 38,330 92,950 42,160 14,000 96.5 11,200 77.2 3,520 4,770
0.156 4.0 1.688 42.9 3.075 4.577 0.904 583.0 90,370 40,990 99,410 45,090 15,100 104.1 12,100 83.3 3,720 5,040
0.175 4.4 1.650 41.9 3.414 5.081 1.003 647.3 100,330 45,510 110,370 50,060 17,000 117.2 13,600 93.8 4,060 5,500
0.188 4.8 1.624 41.2 3.642 5.420 1.070 690.5 107,020 48,540 117,720 53,400 18,300 126.2 14,600 100.9 4,270 5,790
0.203 5.2 1.594 40.5 3.900 5.804 1.146 739.4 114,600 51,980 126,060 57,180 19,800 136.5 15,000 103.4 4,510 6,110
0.224 5.7 1.552 39.4 4.253 6.327 1.250 806.0 124,980 56,670 137,480 62,330 21,900 150.9 15,000 103.4 4,820 6,540
0.236 6.0 1.528 38.8 4.450 6.623 1.308 843.7 130,790 59,320 143,860 65,250 23,100 159.3 15,000 103.4 4,980 6,750
0.250 6.4 1.500 38.1 4.677 6.961 1.374 886.7 137,450 62,340 151,190 68,580 24,500 168.9 15,000 103.4 5,170 7,010
2.375 60.3 0.134 3.4 2.107 53.5 3.210 4.776 0.943 608.4 94,340 42,770 103,770 47,050 10,860 74.9 8,700 59.9 4,820 6,540
0.145 3.7 2.085 52.9 3.457 5.142 1.016 655.1 101,580 46,060 111,740 50,660 11,790 81.3 9,400 65.1 5,140 6,970
0.156 4.0 2.063 52.4 3.700 5.505 1.088 701.3 108,750 49,310 119,630 54,240 12,720 87.7 10,200 70.2 5,450 7,390
0.175 4.4 2.025 51.4 4.116 6.123 1.210 780.0 120,950 54,840 133,050 60,320 14,320 98.7 11,500 79.0 5,970 8,090
0.188 4.8 1.999 50.7 4.395 6.539 1.292 833.0 129,170 58,560 142,090 64,420 15,410 106.3 12,300 85.0 6,300 8,540
0.203 5.2 1.969 50.0 4.713 7.012 1.385 893.3 138,520 62,800 152,370 69,080 16,670 115.0 13,300 92.0 6,680 9,060
0.224 5.7 1.927 48.9 5.151 7.659 1.514 975.7 151,370 68,600 166,510 75,460 18,440 127.1 14,800 101.7 7,170 9,720
0.236 6.0 1.903 48.3 5.396 8.028 1.586 1,022.6 158,590 71,900 174,450 79,090 19,450 134.2 15,000 103.4 7,440 10,090
0.250 6.4 1.875 47.6 5.679 8.449 1.669 1,076.3 166,900 75,670 183,590 83,240 20,630 142.3 15,000 103.4 7,740 10,490
2.625 66.7 0.156 4.0 2.313 58.8 4.117 6.131 1.210 781.0 121,000 54,910 133,100 60,400 11,500 79.3 9,200 63.4 6,790 9,210
0.175 4.4 2.275 57.8 4.583 6.824 1.347 869.4 134,700 61,120 148,170 67,230 12,950 89.3 10,400 71.4 7,450 10,100
0.188 4.8 2.249 57.1 4.898 7.292 1.439 929.0 143,930 65,310 158,330 71,850 13,940 96.1 11,200 76.9 7,880 10,680
0.203 5.2 2.219 56.4 5.256 7.826 1.545 996.9 154,460 70,090 169,910 77,100 15,090 104.0 12,100 83.2 8,360 11,330
0.224 5.7 2.177 55.3 5.749 8.557 1.690 1,090.1 168,960 76,640 185,860 84,300 16,690 114.9 13,300 92.0 9,000 12,200
0.236 6.0 2.153 54.7 6.027 8.974 1.771 1,143.1 177,120 80,370 194,840 88,410 17,600 121.3 14,100 97.0 9,350 12,680
0.250 6.4 2.125 54.0 6.347 9.451 1.865 1,203.9 186,530 84,640 205,190 93,110 18,670 128.7 14,900 102.9 9,750 13,220
2.875 73.0 0.156 4.0 2.563 65.1 4.534 6.746 1.333 859.4 133,260 60,420 146,580 66,460 10,500 72.4 8,400 58.0 8,270 11,210
0.175 4.4 2.525 64.1 5.051 7.515 1.484 957.3 148,440 67,310 163,280 74,040 11,830 81.6 9,500 65.3 9,090 12,320
0.188 4.8 2.499 63.4 5.400 8.034 1.587 1,023.5 158,700 71,960 174,570 79,150 12,730 87.8 10,200 70.2 9,630 13,060
0.203 5.2 2.469 62.7 5.798 8.627 1.704 1,099.0 170,410 77,270 187,450 84,990 13,770 95.0 11,000 76.0 10,240 13,880
0.224 5.7 2.427 61.6 6.348 9.441 1.866 1,202.6 186,560 84,550 205,210 93,010 15,230 105.0 12,200 84.0 11,050 14,980
0.236 6.0 2.403 61.0 6.658 9.905 1.957 1,261.8 195,660 88,710 215,230 97,580 16,070 110.8 12,900 88.7 11,490 15,580
0.250 6.4 2.375 60.3 7.015 10.437 2.062 1,329.6 206,170 93,480 226,780 102,830 17,040 117.6 13,600 94.0 11,990 16,260
3.250 82.6 0.188 4.8 2.874 73.0 6.154 9.165 1.808 1,167.5 180,850 82,080 198,930 90,290 11,260 77.6 9,000 62.1 12,600 17,080
0.203 5.2 2.844 72.3 6.612 9.848 1.943 1,254.5 194,320 88,200 213,750 97,020 12,180 84.0 9,700 67.2 13,410 18,180
0.224 5.7 2.802 71.2 7.246 10.787 2.129 1,374.1 212,950 96,610 234,240 106,270 13,480 92.8 10,800 74.3 14,510 19,670
0.236 6.0 2.778 70.6 7.604 11.324 2.235 1,442.5 223,460 101,420 245,810 111,560 14,220 97.9 11,400 78.4 15,120 20,500
0.250 6.4 2.750 69.9 8.018 11.941 2.356 1,521.1 235,620 106,950 259,180 117,640 15,080 103.9 12,100 83.1 15,800 21,420
3.500 88.9 0.188 4.8 3.124 79.3 6.656 9.907 1.956 1,262.0 195,610 88,730 215,170 97,600 10,460 72.1 8,400 57.7 14,800 20,070
0.203 5.2 3.094 78.6 7.155 10.649 2.103 1,356.5 210,260 95,370 231,290 104,910 11,310 78.0 9,100 62.4 15,770 21,380
0.224 5.7 3.052 77.5 7.845 11.671 2.305 1,486.7 230,540 104,530 253,590 114,980 12,510 86.2 10,000 69.0 17,080 23,160
0.236 6.0 3.028 76.9 8.235 12.255 2.420 1,561.2 242,000 109,760 266,200 120,740 13,200 91.0 10,600 72.8 17,810 24,150
0.250 6.4 3.000 76.2 8.686 12.927 2.553 1,646.8 255,260 104,200 280,780 127,360 14,000 96.5 11,200 77.2 18,640 25,270
13

AAww0.2
0.2
E=800,000 %
LLuu0.9
0.9
Minimum Elongation
Where:
Technical Data
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
1.000 25.4 0.087 2.2 0.826 21.0 0.849 1.264 0.250 161.0 27,450 12,450 28,950 13,130 18,040 124.4 14,400 99.5 560 760
0.095 2.4 0.810 20.6 0.919 1.368 0.270 174.3 29,710 13,480 31,330 14,210 19,800 136.5 15,000 103.4 590 800
0.102 2.6 0.796 20.2 0.979 1.457 0.288 185.6 31,650 14,360 33,380 15,140 21,340 147.1 15,000 103.4 620 840
0.109 2.8 0.782 19.9 1.038 1.545 0.305 196.8 33,560 15,220 35,390 16,050 22,880 157.8 15,000 103.4 650 880
0.118 3.0 0.764 19.4 1.113 1.656 0.327 210.9 35,970 16,310 37,930 17,200 24,860 171.4 15,000 103.4 690 940
0.125 3.2 0.750 19.1 1.169 1.740 0.344 221.7 37,800 17,140 39,860 18,080 26,400 182.0 15,000 103.4 710 960
1.250 31.8 0.087 2.2 1.076 27.4 1.082 1.613 0.318 205.4 34,970 15,890 36,870 16,760 14,430 99.4 11,500 79.5 920 1,250
0.095 2.4 1.060 27.0 1.173 1.749 0.345 222.8 37,920 17,230 39,990 18,170 15,840 109.0 12,700 87.2 980 1,330
0.102 2.6 1.046 26.6 1.252 1.866 0.368 237.7 40,470 18,390 42,670 19,390 17,070 117.5 13,700 94.0 1,030 1,400
0.109 2.8 1.032 26.3 1.330 1.982 0.391 252.5 42,980 19,530 45,320 20,590 18,300 126.0 14,600 100.8 1,090 1,480
0.118 3.0 1.014 25.8 1.428 2.129 0.420 271.2 46,160 20,970 48,680 22,120 19,890 136.9 15,000 103.4 1,150 1,560
0.125 3.2 1.000 25.5 1.503 2.241 0.442 285.5 48,600 22,080 51,250 23,290 21,120 145.4 15,000 103.4 1,200 1,630
0.134 3.4 0.982 25.0 1.599 2.384 0.470 303.6 51,680 23,480 54,500 24,760 22,700 156.3 15,000 103.4 1,260 1,710
0.145 3.7 0.960 24.4 1.713 2.554 0.503 325.3 55,370 25,160 58,390 26,530 24,640 169.6 15,000 103.4 1,320 1,790
0.156 4.0 0.938 23.9 1.824 2.720 0.536 346.5 58,980 26,800 62,190 28,260 26,580 182.9 15,000 103.4 1,390 1,880
0.175 4.4 0.900 22.9 2.011 2.999 0.591 382.0 65,010 29,540 68,560 31,150 29,920 206.0 15,000 103.4 1,480 2,010
0.188 4.8 0.874 22.2 2.134 3.183 0.627 405.4 69,000 31,350 72,760 33,060 32,210 221.7 15,000 103.4 1,540 2,090
1.500 38.1 0.095 2.4 1.310 33.3 1.427 2.124 0.419 270.5 46,130 20,920 48,640 22,060 13,200 91.0 10,600 72.8 1,470 1,990
0.102 2.6 1.296 32.9 1.524 2.269 0.448 289.0 49,280 22,350 51,970 23,570 14,230 98.1 11,400 78.5 1,550 2,100
0.109 2.8 1.282 32.6 1.621 2.412 0.476 307.3 52,400 23,770 55,250 25,060 15,250 105.2 12,200 84.1 1,640 2,220
0.118 3.0 1.264 32.1 1.743 2.594 0.512 330.5 56,360 25,560 59,430 26,960 16,570 114.3 13,300 91.4 1,740 2,360
0.125 3.2 1.250 31.8 1.837 2.735 0.540 348.4 59,400 26,940 62,640 28,410 17,600 121.3 14,100 97.1 1,820 2,470
0.134 3.4 1.232 31.3 1.957 2.912 0.575 371.0 63,260 28,690 66,710 30,260 18,920 130.4 15,000 103.4 1,910 2,590
0.145 3.7 1.210 30.7 2.100 3.126 0.617 398.2 67,900 30,800 71,600 32,480 20,530 141.6 15,000 103.4 2,020 2,740
0.156 4.0 1.188 30.2 2.241 3.336 0.659 425.0 72,450 32,870 76,410 34,660 22,150 152.7 15,000 103.4 2,130 2,890
0.175 4.4 1.150 29.2 2.479 3.689 0.728 470.0 80,130 36,350 84,500 38,330 24,930 171.9 15,000 103.4 2,300 3,120
0.188 4.8 1.124 28.5 2.637 3.924 0.775 499.9 85,240 38,660 89,890 40,770 26,840 185.1 15,000 103.4 2,400 3,250
0.203 5.2 1.094 27.8 2.815 4.189 0.827 533.6 90,990 41,270 95,950 43,520 29,040 200.2 15,000 103.4 2,510 3,400
1.750 44.5 0.109 2.8 1.532 39.0 1.912 2.849 0.562 363.0 61,810 28,070 65,180 29,600 13,070 90.0 10,500 72.0 2,300 3,120
0.118 3.0 1.514 38.5 2.059 3.068 0.605 390.8 66,550 30,220 70,180 31,870 14,210 97.8 11,400 78.3 2,450 3,320
0.125 3.2 1.500 38.2 2.171 3.236 0.638 412.2 70,200 31,880 74,020 33,620 15,090 103.9 12,100 83.1 2,560 3,470
0.134 3.4 1.482 37.7 2.315 3.450 0.680 439.4 74,830 33,990 78,910 35,840 16,220 111.7 13,000 89.4 2,700 3,660
0.145 3.7 1.460 37.1 2.488 3.707 0.731 472.3 80,420 36,520 84,810 38,520 17,600 121.2 14,100 97.0 2,870 3,890
0.156 4.0 1.438 36.6 2.658 3.961 0.781 504.6 85,930 39,030 90,620 41,150 18,980 130.7 15,000 103.4 3,030 4,110
0.175 4.4 1.400 35.6 2.946 4.391 0.866 559.3 95,250 43,260 100,440 45,620 21,370 147.2 15,000 103.4 3,290 4,460
0.188 4.8 1.374 34.9 3.139 4.678 0.923 595.9 101,480 46,090 107,020 48,600 23,010 158.4 15,000 103.4 3,450 4,680
0.203 5.2 1.344 34.2 3.357 5.003 0.987 637.3 108,530 49,290 114,440 51,980 24,890 171.4 15,000 103.4 3,630 4,920
0.224 5.7 1.302 33.1 3.654 5.444 1.074 693.4 118,130 53,630 124,570 56,550 27,530 189.5 15,000 103.4 3,860 5,230
14
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
2.000 50.8 0.109 2.8 1.782 45.3 2.203 3.279 0.648 417.8 71,230 32,310 75,120 34,070 11,440 78.9 9,200 63.1 3,070 4,160
0.118 3.0 1.764 44.8 2.374 3.533 0.698 450.1 76,740 34,810 80,930 36,710 12,430 85.7 9,900 68.6 3,280 4,450
0.125 3.2 1.750 44.5 2.505 3.729 0.736 475.0 80,990 36,740 85,410 38,740 13,200 91.0 10,600 72.8 3,440 4,660
0.134 3.4 1.732 44.0 2.673 3.978 0.786 506.8 86,410 39,190 91,120 41,330 14,190 97.8 11,400 78.3 3,640 4,940
0.145 3.7 1.710 43.4 2.875 4.280 0.845 545.2 92,950 42,160 98,020 44,460 15,400 106.2 12,300 84.9 3,870 5,250
0.156 4.0 1.688 42.9 3.075 4.577 0.904 583.0 99,410 45,090 104,830 47,550 16,610 114.5 13,300 91.6 4,090 5,550
0.175 4.4 1.650 41.9 3.414 5.081 1.003 647.3 110,370 50,060 116,390 52,790 18,700 128.9 15,000 103.1 4,460 6,050
0.188 4.8 1.624 41.2 3.642 5.420 1.070 690.5 117,720 53,400 124,140 56,310 20,130 138.8 15,000 103.4 4,700 6,370
0.203 5.2 1.594 40.5 3.900 5.804 1.146 739.4 126,060 57,180 132,940 60,300 21,780 150.2 15,000 103.4 4,960 6,720
0.224 5.7 1.552 39.4 4.253 6.327 1.250 806.0 137,480 62,330 144,980 65,730 24,090 166.0 15,000 103.4 5,300 7,190
0.236 6.0 1.528 38.8 4.450 6.623 1.308 843.7 143,860 65,250 151,710 68,810 25,410 175.2 15,000 103.4 5,480 7,430
0.250 6.4 1.500 38.1 4.677 6.961 1.374 886.7 151,190 68,580 159,440 72,320 26,950 185.8 15,000 103.4 5,680 7,700
2.375 60.3 0.134 3.4 2.107 53.5 3.210 4.776 0.943 608.4 103,770 47,050 109,430 49,620 11,950 82.4 9,600 65.9 5,300 7,190
0.145 3.7 2.085 52.9 3.457 5.142 1.016 655.1 111,740 50,660 117,840 53,430 12,970 89.5 10,400 71.6 5,650 7,660
0.156 4.0 2.063 52.4 3.700 5.505 1.088 701.3 119,630 54,240 126,150 57,200 13,990 96.5 11,200 77.2 6,000 8,130
0.175 4.4 2.025 51.4 4.116 6.123 1.210 780.0 133,050 60,320 140,300 63,610 15,750 108.6 12,600 86.9 6,560 8,890
0.188 4.8 1.999 50.7 4.395 6.539 1.292 833.0 142,090 64,420 149,840 67,930 16,950 116.9 13,600 93.5 6,930 9,400
0.203 5.2 1.969 50.0 4.713 7.012 1.385 893.3 152,370 69,080 160,680 72,850 18,340 126.5 14,700 101.2 7,340 9,950
0.224 5.7 1.927 48.9 5.151 7.659 1.514 975.7 166,510 75,460 175,590 79,580 20,290 139.9 15,000 103.4 7,890 10,700
0.236 6.0 1.903 48.3 5.396 8.028 1.586 1,022.6 174,450 79,090 183,960 83,400 21,400 147.6 15,000 103.4 8,180 11,090
0.250 6.4 1.875 47.6 5.679 8.449 1.669 1,076.3 183,590 83,240 193,600 87,780 22,690 156.5 15,000 103.4 8,510 11,540
2.625 66.7 0.156 4.0 2.313 58.8 4.117 6.131 1.210 781.0 133,100 60,400 140,360 63,690 12,660 87.2 10,100 69.8 7,470 10,130
0.175 4.4 2.275 57.8 4.583 6.824 1.347 869.4 148,170 67,230 156,250 70,900 14,250 98.2 11,400 78.6 8,190 11,100
0.188 4.8 2.249 57.1 4.898 7.292 1.439 929.0 158,330 71,850 166,960 75,760 15,340 105.7 12,300 84.6 8,670 11,750
0.203 5.2 2.219 56.4 5.256 7.826 1.545 996.9 169,910 77,100 179,180 81,310 16,590 114.4 13,300 91.5 9,200 12,470
0.224 5.7 2.177 55.3 5.749 8.557 1.690 1,090.1 185,860 84,300 196,000 88,900 18,350 126.4 14,700 101.2 9,900 13,420
0.236 6.0 2.153 54.7 6.027 8.974 1.771 1,143.1 194,840 88,410 205,460 93,230 19,360 133.4 15,000 103.4 10,290 13,950
0.250 6.4 2.125 54.0 6.347 9.451 1.865 1,203.9 205,190 93,110 216,380 98,190 20,530 141.5 15,000 103.4 10,720 14,530
2.875 73.0 0.156 4.0 2.563 65.1 4.534 6.746 1.333 859.4 146,580 66,460 154,580 70,090 11,550 79.7 9,200 63.8 9,100 12,340
0.175 4.4 2.525 64.1 5.051 7.515 1.484 957.3 163,280 74,040 172,190 78,080 13,010 89.7 10,400 71.8 10,000 13,560
0.188 4.8 2.499 63.4 5.400 8.034 1.587 1,023.5 174,570 79,150 184,090 83,470 14,000 96.6 11,200 77.3 10,600 14,370
0.203 5.2 2.469 62.7 5.798 8.627 1.704 1,099.0 187,450 84,990 197,670 89,630 15,150 104.5 12,100 83.6 11,260 15,270
0.224 5.7 2.427 61.6 6.348 9.441 1.866 1,202.6 205,210 93,010 216,400 98,080 16,760 115.5 13,400 92.4 12,150 16,470
0.236 6.0 2.403 61.0 6.658 9.905 1.957 1,261.8 215,230 97,580 226,970 102,910 17,680 121.9 14,100 97.5 12,640 17,140
0.250 6.4 2.375 60.3 7.015 10.437 2.062 1,329.6 226,780 102,830 239,150 108,440 18,750 129.3 15,000 103.4 13,190 17,880
15
For the appropriate sizes, QT-1300 can be routinely ordered as a TRUE-TAPER string, straight wall or as a string with an electric wireline
or capillary tube installed. QT-1300 is manufactured from high strength low alloy steel (HSLAS) with alloying additions to provide
resistance to atmospheric corrosion.
Aw the formula:
Calculated from
0.2
Lu0.9
E=750,000 %
Minimum Elongation
Where:
Technical Data
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
1.500 38.1 0.095 2.4 1.310 33.3 1.427 2.124 0.419 270.5 54,510 24,730 56,610 25,680 15,600 107.6 12,500 86.0 1,730 2,350
0.102 2.6 1.296 32.9 1.524 2.269 0.448 289.0 58,240 26,420 60,480 27,430 16,810 115.9 13,500 92.7 1,840 2,490
0.109 2.8 1.282 32.6 1.621 2.412 0.476 307.3 61,920 28,090 64,300 29,170 18,030 124.3 14,400 99.4 1,930 2,620
0.118 3.0 1.264 32.1 1.743 2.594 0.512 330.5 66,600 30,210 69,160 31,370 19,590 135.0 15,000 103.4 2,050 2,780
0.125 3.2 1.250 31.8 1.837 2.735 0.540 348.4 70,200 31,840 72,890 33,060 20,800 143.4 15,000 103.4 2,150 2,920
0.134 3.4 1.232 31.3 1.957 2.912 0.575 371.0 74,760 33,910 77,630 35,210 22,360 154.2 15,000 103.4 2,260 3,060
0.145 3.7 1.210 30.7 2.100 3.126 0.617 398.2 80,240 36,400 83,330 37,800 24,270 167.3 15,000 103.4 2,390 3,240
0.156 4.0 1.188 30.2 2.241 3.336 0.659 425.0 85,630 38,840 88,920 40,330 26,170 180.5 15,000 103.4 2,510 3,400
0.175 4.4 1.150 29.2 2.479 3.689 0.728 470.0 94,700 42,950 98,340 44,610 29,470 203.2 15,000 103.4 2,710 3,670
0.188 4.8 1.124 28.5 2.637 3.924 0.775 499.9 100,740 45,690 104,610 47,450 31,720 218.7 15,000 103.4 2,840 3,850
0.203 5.2 1.094 27.8 2.815 4.189 0.827 533.6 107,530 48,780 111,670 50,650 34,320 236.6 15,000 103.4 2,970 4,030
1.750 44.5 0.109 2.8 1.532 39.0 1.912 2.849 0.562 363.0 73,050 33,180 75,860 34,450 15,450 106.4 12,400 85.1 2,720 3,690
0.118 3.0 1.514 38.5 2.059 3.068 0.605 390.8 78,650 35,720 81,670 37,090 16,790 115.6 13,400 92.5 2,890 3,920
0.125 3.2 1.500 38.2 2.171 3.236 0.638 412.2 82,960 37,670 86,150 39,120 17,830 122.8 14,300 98.2 3,030 4,110
0.134 3.4 1.482 37.7 2.315 3.450 0.680 439.4 88,440 40,160 91,840 41,710 19,170 132.0 15,000 103.4 3,200 4,340
0.145 3.7 1.460 37.1 2.488 3.707 0.731 472.3 95,050 43,170 98,700 44,830 20,800 143.2 15,000 103.4 3,390 4,600
0.156 4.0 1.438 36.6 2.658 3.961 0.781 504.6 101,560 46,120 105,460 47,900 22,430 154.5 15,000 103.4 3,580 4,850
0.175 4.4 1.400 35.6 2.946 4.391 0.866 559.3 112,570 51,120 116,900 53,090 25,260 173.9 15,000 103.4 3,890 5,270
0.188 4.8 1.374 34.9 3.139 4.678 0.923 595.9 119,930 54,470 124,540 56,560 27,190 187.2 15,000 103.4 4,080 5,530
0.203 5.2 1.344 34.2 3.357 5.003 0.987 637.3 128,260 58,250 133,190 60,490 29,420 202.6 15,000 103.4 4,290 5,820
0.224 5.7 1.302 33.1 3.654 5.444 1.074 693.4 139,600 63,380 144,970 65,820 32,540 224.0 15,000 103.4 4,560 6,180
2.000 50.8 0.109 2.8 1.782 45.3 2.203 3.279 0.648 417.8 84,180 38,180 87,420 39,650 13,520 93.2 10,800 74.6 3,630 4,920
0.118 3.0 1.764 44.8 2.374 3.533 0.698 450.1 90,700 41,140 94,190 42,720 14,690 101.3 11,800 81.0 3,880 5,260
0.125 3.2 1.750 44.5 2.505 3.729 0.736 475.0 95,720 43,420 99,400 45,090 15,600 107.6 12,500 86.0 4,070 5,520
0.134 3.4 1.732 44.0 2.673 3.978 0.786 506.8 102,120 46,320 106,050 48,100 16,770 115.6 13,400 92.5 4,300 5,830
0.145 3.7 1.710 43.4 2.875 4.280 0.845 545.2 109,850 49,830 114,080 51,740 18,200 125.5 14,600 100.4 4,570 6,200
0.156 4.0 1.688 42.9 3.075 4.577 0.904 583.0 117,480 53,290 122,000 55,340 19,630 135.3 15,000 103.4 4,840 6,560
0.175 4.4 1.650 41.9 3.414 5.081 1.003 647.3 130,440 59,170 135,450 61,440 22,100 152.4 15,000 103.4 5,270 7,150
0.188 4.8 1.624 41.2 3.642 5.420 1.070 690.5 139,130 63,110 144,480 65,530 23,790 164.0 15,000 103.4 5,550 7,520
0.203 5.2 1.594 40.5 3.900 5.804 1.146 739.4 148,980 67,580 154,710 70,180 25,740 177.5 15,000 103.4 5,860 7,950
0.224 5.7 1.552 39.4 4.253 6.327 1.250 806.0 162,470 73,670 168,720 76,500 28,470 196.2 15,000 103.4 6,260 8,490
0.236 6.0 1.528 38.8 4.450 6.623 1.308 843.7 170,020 77,120 176,560 80,080 30,030 207.0 15,000 103.4 6,480 8,790
0.250 6.4 1.500 38.1 4.677 6.961 1.374 886.7 178,680 81,050 185,550 84,160 31,850 219.6 15,000 103.4 6,720 9,110
16
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
2.375 60.3 0.134 3.4 2.107 53.5 3.210 4.776 0.943 608.4 122,640 55,610 127,360 57,740 14,120 97.4 11,300 77.9 6,260 8,490
0.145 3.7 2.085 52.9 3.457 5.142 1.016 655.1 132,060 59,870 137,140 62,180 15,330 105.7 12,300 84.6 6,680 9,060
0.156 4.0 2.063 52.4 3.700 5.505 1.088 701.3 141,380 64,100 146,810 66,560 16,530 114.0 13,200 91.2 7,090 9,610
0.175 4.4 2.025 51.4 4.116 6.123 1.210 780.0 157,240 71,290 163,280 74,030 18,610 128.4 14,900 102.7 7,760 10,520
0.188 4.8 1.999 50.7 4.395 6.539 1.292 833.0 167,920 76,130 174,380 79,060 20,030 138.2 15,000 103.4 8,190 11,100
0.203 5.2 1.969 50.0 4.713 7.012 1.385 893.3 180,070 81,640 187,000 84,780 21,680 149.5 15,000 103.4 8,680 11,770
0.224 5.7 1.927 48.9 5.151 7.659 1.514 975.7 196,780 89,180 204,350 92,610 23,970 165.3 15,000 103.4 9,320 12,640
0.236 6.0 1.903 48.3 5.396 8.028 1.586 1,02z2.6 206,170 93,470 214,100 97,060 25,290 174.4 15,000 103.4 9,670 13,110
0.250 6.4 1.875 47.6 5.679 8.449 1.669 1,076.3 216,970 98,370 225,310 102,150 26,820 185.0 15,000 103.4 10,060 13,640
2.625 66.7 0.156 4.0 2.313 58.8 4.117 6.131 1.210 781.0 157,300 71,380 163,350 74,130 14,960 103.1 12,000 82.5 8,820 11,960
0.175 4.4 2.275 57.8 4.583 6.824 1.347 869.4 175,100 79,460 181,840 82,510 16,840 116.1 13,500 92.8 9,680 13,120
0.188 4.8 2.249 57.1 4.898 7.292 1.439 929.0 187,110 84,910 194,310 88,170 18,130 124.9 14,500 99.9 10,240 13,880
0.203 5.2 2.219 56.4 5.256 7.826 1.545 996.9 200,800 91,120 208,520 94,620 19,610 135.2 15,000 103.4 10,870 14,740
0.224 5.7 2.177 55.3 5.749 8.557 1.690 1,090.1 219,650 99,630 228,100 103,460 21,690 149.4 15,000 103.4 11,700 15,860
0.236 6.0 2.153 54.7 6.027 8.974 1.771 1,143.1 230,260 104,480 239,120 108,500 22,880 157.7 15,000 103.4 12,160 16,490
0.250 6.4 2.125 54.0 6.347 9.451 1.865 1,203.9 242,490 110,040 251,820 114,270 24,270 167.3 15,000 103.4 12,670 17,180
2.875 73.0 0.156 4.0 2.563 65.1 4.534 6.746 1.333 859.4 173,230 78,550 179,890 81,570 13,660 94.2 10,900 75.3 10,750 14,580
0.175 4.4 2.525 64.1 5.051 7.515 1.484 957.3 192,970 87,500 200,390 90,870 15,370 106.0 12,300 84.8 11,820 16,030
0.188 4.8 2.499 63.4 5.400 8.034 1.587 1,023.5 206,310 93,550 214,240 97,140 16,550 114.1 13,200 91.3 12,520 16,970
0.203 5.2 2.469 62.7 5.798 8.627 1.704 1,099.0 221,530 100,450 230,050 104,310 17,910 123.5 14,300 98.8 13,310 18,050
0.224 5.7 2.427 61.6 6.348 9.441 1.866 1,202.6 242,520 109,920 251,850 114,150 19,810 136.5 15,000 103.4 14,360 19,470
0.236 6.0 2.403 61.0 6.658 9.905 1.957 1,261.8 254,360 115,330 264,140 119,760 20,890 144.1 15,000 103.4 14,940 20,260
0.250 6.4 2.375 60.3 7.015 10.437 2.062 1,329.6 268,020 121,530 278,330 126,200 22,160 152.8 15,000 103.4 15,590 21,140
3.250 82.6 0.188 4.8 2.874 73.0 6.154 9.165 1.808 1,167.5 235,100 106,710 244,140 110,810 14,640 100.9 11,700 80.7 16,380 22,210
0.203 5.2 2.844 72.3 6.612 9.848 1.943 1,254.5 252,620 114,660 262,330 119,070 15,840 109.1 12,700 87.3 17,440 23,650
0.224 5.7 2.802 71.2 7.246 10.787 2.129 1,374.1 276,830 125,600 287,480 130,430 17,520 120.7 14,000 96.5 18,860 25,570
0.236 6.0 2.778 70.6 7.604 11.324 2.235 1,442.5 290,500 131,850 301,680 136,920 18,480 127.3 14,800 101.9 19,650 26,640
0.250 6.4 2.750 69.9 8.018 11.941 2.356 1,521.1 306,310 139,030 318,090 144,380 19,600 135.1 15,000 103.4 20,550 27,860
3.500 88.9 0.188 4.8 3.124 79.3 6.656 9.907 1.956 1,262.0 254,300 115,350 264,080 119,780 13,590 93.7 10,900 75.0 19,230 26,070
0.203 5.2 3.094 78.6 7.155 10.649 2.103 1,356.5 273,340 123,990 283,860 128,760 14,710 101.4 11,800 81.1 20,500 27,790
0.224 5.7 3.052 77.5 7.845 11.671 2.305 1,486.7 299,700 135,880 311,230 141,110 16,270 112.1 13,000 89.7 22,210 30,110
0.236 6.0 3.028 76.9 8.235 12.255 2.420 1,561.2 314,600 142,690 326,700 148,180 17,160 118.3 13,700 94.6 23,160 31,400
0.250 6.4 3.000 76.2 8.686 12.927 2.553 1,646.8 331,830 150,520 344,590 156,310 18,200 125.5 14,600 100.4 24,230 32,850
17
HO-70 Technical Data Sheet
Upon request, HO-70 can be ordered as a Flash-Free product. As supplied, HO-70 may contain tube-to-tube welds. HO-70 is
manufactured from high strength low alloy steel (HSLAS).

Aw0.2
E=625,000 %
Lu0.9
Minimum Elongation
Where:
Technical Data
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
1.000 25.4 0.087 2.2 0.826 21.0 0.849 1.264 0.250 161.0 17,470 7,920 19,960 9,060 11,480 79.2 9,200 63.3 350 470
0.095 2.4 0.810 20.6 0.919 1.368 0.270 174.3 18,910 8,580 21,610 9,800 12,600 86.9 10,100 69.5 380 520
0.102 2.6 0.796 20.2 0.979 1.457 0.288 185.6 20,140 9,140 23,020 10,440 13,580 93.6 10,900 74.9 400 540
0.109 2.8 0.782 19.9 1.038 1.545 0.305 196.8 21,360 9,690 24,410 11,070 14,560 100.4 11,600 80.3 410 560
0.118 3.0 0.764 19.4 1.113 1.656 0.327 210.9 22,890 10,380 26,160 11,860 15,820 109.1 12,700 87.3 440 600
0.125 3.2 0.750 19.1 1.169 1.740 0.344 221.7 24,050 10,910 27,490 12,470 16,800 115.8 13,400 92.7 450 610
1.250 31.8 0.087 2.2 1.076 27.4 1.082 1.613 0.318 205.4 22,250 10,110 25,430 11,560 9,180 63.2 7,300 50.6 580 790
0.095 2.4 1.060 27.0 1.173 1.749 0.345 222.8 24,130 10,960 27,580 12,530 10,080 69.4 8,100 55.5 620 840
0.102 2.6 1.046 26.6 1.252 1.866 0.368 237.7 25,750 11,700 29,430 13,370 10,860 74.8 8,700 59.8 660 890
0.109 2.8 1.032 26.3 1.330 1.982 0.391 252.5 27,350 12,430 31,260 14,200 11,650 80.2 9,300 64.1 690 940
0.118 3.0 1.014 25.8 1.428 2.129 0.420 271.2 29,370 13,350 33,570 15,250 12,660 87.1 10,100 69.7 730 990
0.125 3.2 1.000 25.5 1.503 2.241 0.442 285.5 30,930 14,050 35,340 16,060 13,440 92.5 10,800 74.0 760 1,030
0.134 3.4 0.982 25.0 1.599 2.384 0.470 303.6 32,890 14,940 37,580 17,080 14,450 99.5 11,600 79.6 800 1,080
0.145 3.7 0.960 24.4 1.713 2.554 0.503 325.3 35,240 16,010 40,270 18,300 15,680 107.9 12,500 86.4 840 1,140
0.156 4.0 0.938 23.9 1.824 2.720 0.536 346.5 37,530 17,050 42,890 19,490 16,910 116.4 13,500 93.1 880 1,190
0.175 4.4 0.900 22.9 2.011 2.999 0.591 382.0 41,370 18,800 47,280 21,490 19,040 131.1 15,000 103.4 940 1,270
0.188 4.8 0.874 22.2 2.134 3.183 0.627 405.4 43,910 19,950 50,180 22,800 20,500 141.1 15,000 103.4 980 1,330
1.500 38.1 0.095 2.4 1.310 33.3 1.427 2.124 0.419 270.5 29,350 13,310 33,550 15,220 8,400 57.9 6,700 46.3 930 1,260
0.102 2.6 1.296 32.9 1.524 2.269 0.448 289.0 31,360 14,220 35,840 16,260 9,050 62.4 7,200 49.9 990 1,340
0.109 2.8 1.282 32.6 1.621 2.412 0.476 307.3 33,340 15,120 38,110 17,280 9,710 66.9 7,800 53.5 1,040 1,410
0.118 3.0 1.264 32.1 1.743 2.594 0.512 330.5 35,860 16,270 40,990 18,590 10,550 72.7 8,400 58.2 1,110 1,500
0.125 3.2 1.250 31.8 1.837 2.735 0.540 348.4 37,800 17,140 43,200 19,590 11,200 77.2 9,000 61.8 1,160 1,570
0.134 3.4 1.232 31.3 1.957 2.912 0.575 371.0 40,250 18,260 46,000 20,870 12,040 83.0 9,600 66.4 1,220 1,650
0.145 3.7 1.210 30.7 2.100 3.126 0.617 398.2 43,210 19,600 49,380 22,400 13,070 90.1 10,500 72.1 1,290 1,750
0.156 4.0 1.188 30.2 2.241 3.336 0.659 425.0 46,110 20,910 52,690 23,900 14,090 97.2 11,300 77.7 1,350 1,830
0.175 4.4 1.150 29.2 2.479 3.689 0.728 470.0 50,990 23,130 58,280 26,430 15,870 109.4 12,700 87.5 1,460 1,980
0.188 4.8 1.124 28.5 2.637 3.924 0.775 499.9 54,240 24,600 61,990 28,120 17,080 117.8 13,700 94.2 1,530 2,070
0.203 5.2 1.094 27.8 2.815 4.189 0.827 533.6 57,900 26,260 66,170 30,020 18,480 127.4 14,800 101.9 1,600 2,170
1.750 44.5 0.109 2.8 1.532 39.0 1.912 2.849 0.562 363.0 39,340 17,860 44,950 20,420 8,320 57.3 6,700 45.8 1,460 1,980
0.118 3.0 1.514 38.5 2.059 3.068 0.605 390.8 42,350 19,230 48,400 21,980 9,040 62.3 7,200 49.8 1,560 2,120
0.125 3.2 1.500 38.2 2.171 3.236 0.638 412.2 44,670 20,290 51,050 23,180 9,600 66.1 7,700 52.9 1,630 2,210
0.134 3.4 1.482 37.7 2.315 3.450 0.680 439.4 47,620 21,630 54,420 24,720 10,320 71.1 8,300 56.9 1,720 2,330
0.145 3.7 1.460 37.1 2.488 3.707 0.731 472.3 51,180 23,240 58,490 26,560 11,200 77.1 9,000 61.7 1,830 2,480
0.156 4.0 1.438 36.6 2.658 3.961 0.781 504.6 54,680 24,840 62,500 28,380 12,080 83.2 9,700 66.6 1,930 2,620
0.175 4.4 1.400 35.6 2.946 4.391 0.866 559.3 60,610 27,530 69,270 31,460 13,600 93.7 10,900 74.9 2,090 2,830
0.188 4.8 1.374 34.9 3.139 4.678 0.923 595.9 64,580 29,330 73,800 33,520 14,640 100.8 11,700 80.7 2,200 2,980
0.203 5.2 1.344 34.2 3.357 5.003 0.987 637.3 69,060 31,370 78,930 35,850 15,840 109.1 12,700 87.3 2,310 3,130
0.224 5.7 1.302 33.1 3.624 5,446 1.074 693.4 75,170 34,141 85,910 39,000 17,520 120.7 14,000 96.5 2,460 3,510
18
Specified
Tensile Load, LT
2.000 50.8 0.109 2.8 1.782 45.3 2.203 3.279 0.648 417.8 45,330 20,560 51,800 23,500 7,280 50.2 5,800 40.2 1,960 2,660
0.118 3.0 1.764 44.8 2.374 3.533 0.698 450.1 48,840 22,150 55,810 25,320 7,910 54.5 6,300 43.6 2,090 2,830
0.125 3.2 1.750 44.5 2.505 3.729 0.736 475.0 51,540 23,380 58,910 26,720 8,400 57.9 6,700 46.3 2,190 2,970
0.134 3.4 1.732 44.0 2.673 3.978 0.786 506.8 54,990 24,940 62,840 28,510 9,030 62.3 7,200 49.8 2,310 3,130
0.145 3.7 1.710 43.4 2.875 4.280 0.845 545.2 59,150 26,830 67,600 30,660 9,800 67.6 7,800 54.1 2,460 3,340
0.156 4.0 1.688 42.9 3.075 4.577 0.904 583.0 63,260 28,690 72,300 32,790 10,570 72.9 8,500 58.3 2,610 3,540
0.175 4.4 1.650 41.9 3.414 5.081 1.003 647.3 70,230 31,860 80,270 36,410 11,900 82.0 9,500 65.6 2,840 3,850
0.188 4.8 1.624 41.2 3.642 5.420 1.070 690.5 74,910 33,980 85,620 38,840 12,810 88.3 10,200 70.7 2,990 4,050
0.203 5.2 1.594 40.5 3.900 5.804 1.146 739.4 80,220 36,390 91,680 41,590 13,860 95.6 11,100 76.4 3,160 4,280
0.224 5.7 1.552 39.4 4.253 6.327 1.250 806.0 87,490 39,670 99,980 45,330 15,330 105.6 12,300 84.5 3,370 4,570
0.236 6.0 1.528 38.8 4.450 6.623 1.308 843.7 91,550 41,520 104,630 47,460 16,170 111.5 12,900 89.2 3,490 4,730
0.250 6.4 1.500 38.1 4.677 6.961 1.374 886.7 96,210 43,640 109,960 49,880 17,150 118.2 13,700 94.6 3,620 4,910
2.375 60.3 0.134 3.4 2.107 53.5 3.210 4.776 0.943 608.4 66,040 29,940 75,470 34,220 7,600 52.5 6,100 42.0 3,370 4,570
0.145 3.7 2.085 52.9 3.457 5.142 1.016 655.1 71,110 32,240 81,270 36,850 8,250 56.9 6,600 45.5 3,600 4,880
0.156 4.0 2.063 52.4 3.700 5.505 1.088 701.3 76,130 34,510 87,000 39,450 8,900 61.4 7,100 49.1 3,820 5,180
0.175 4.4 2.025 51.4 4.116 6.123 1.210 780.0 84,670 38,390 96,760 43,870 10,020 69.1 8,000 55.3 4,180 5,670
0.188 4.8 1.999 50.7 4.395 6.539 1.292 833.0 90,420 40,990 103,340 46,850 10,790 74.4 8,600 59.5 4,410 5,980
0.203 5.2 1.969 50.0 4.713 7.012 1.385 893.3 96,960 43,960 110,810 50,240 11,670 80.5 9,300 64.4 4,670 6,330
0.224 5.7 1.927 48.9 5.151 7.659 1.514 975.7 105,960 48,020 121,100 54,880 12,910 89.0 10,300 71.2 5,020 6,810
0.236 6.0 1.903 48.3 5.396 8.028 1.586 1,022.6 111,010 50,330 126,870 57,520 13,620 93.9 10,900 75.1 5,210 7,060
0.250 6.4 1.875 47.6 5.679 8.449 1.669 1,076.3 116,830 52,970 133,520 60,530 14,440 99.6 11,600 79.7 5,420 7,350
2.625 66.7 0.156 4.0 2.313 58.8 4.117 6.131 1.210 781.0 84,700 38,440 96,800 43,930 8,050 55.5 6,400 44.4 4,750 6,440
0.175 4.4 2.275 57.8 4.583 6.824 1.347 869.4 94,290 42,790 107,760 48,900 9,070 62.5 7,300 50.0 5,210 7,060
0.188 4.8 2.249 57.1 4.898 7.292 1.439 929.0 100,750 45,720 115,150 52,250 9,760 67.3 7,800 53.8 5,520 7,480
0.203 5.2 2.219 56.4 5.256 7.826 1.545 996.9 108,120 49,060 123,570 56,070 10,560 72.8 8,400 58.2 5,850 7,930
0.224 5.7 2.177 55.3 5.749 8.557 1.690 1,090.1 118,270 53,650 135,170 61,310 11,680 80.5 9,300 64.4 6,300 8,540
0.236 6.0 2.153 54.7 6.027 8.974 1.771 1,143.1 123,990 56,260 141,700 64,300 12,320 84.9 9,900 67.9 6,550 8,880
0.250 6.4 2.125 54.0 6.347 9.451 1.865 1,203.9 130,570 59,250 149,230 67,720 13,070 90.1 10,500 72.0 6,820 9,250
2.875 73.0 0.156 4.0 2.563 65.1 4.534 6.746 1.333 859.4 93,280 42,290 106,600 48,340 7,350 50.7 5,900 40.6 5,790 7,850
0.175 4.4 2.525 64.1 5.051 7.515 1.484 957.3 103,910 47,120 118,750 53,850 8,280 57.1 6,600 45.7 6,360 8,620
0.188 4.8 2.499 63.4 5.400 8.034 1.587 1,023.5 111,090 50,370 126,960 57,570 8,910 61.5 7,100 49.2 6,740 9,140
0.203 5.2 2.469 62.7 5.798 8.627 1.704 1,099.0 119,280 54,090 136,320 61,810 9,640 66.5 7,700 53.2 7,170 9,720
0.224 5.7 2.427 61.6 6.348 9.441 1.866 1,202.6 130,590 59,190 149,240 67,640 10,660 73.5 8,500 58.8 7,730 10,480
0.236 6.0 2.403 61.0 6.658 9.905 1.957 1,261.8 136,960 62,100 156,530 70,970 11,250 77.6 9,000 62.1 8,040 10,900
0.250 6.4 2.375 60.3 7.015 10.437 2.062 1,329.6 144,320 65,440 164,930 74,790 11,930 82.3 9,500 65.8 8,400 11,390
3.250 82.6 0.188 4.8 2.874 73.0 6.154 9.165 1.808 1,167.5 126,590 57,460 144,680 65,670 7,880 54.3 6,300 43.5 8,820 11,960
0.203 5.2 2.844 72.3 6.612 9.848 1.943 1,254.5 136,020 61,740 155,460 70,560 8,530 58.8 6,800 47.0 9,390 12,730
0.224 5.7 2.802 71.2 7.246 10.787 2.129 1,374.1 149,060 67,630 170,360 77,290 9,430 65.0 7,500 52.0 10,160 13,780
0.236 6.0 2.778 70.6 7.604 11.324 2.235 1,442.5 156,420 70,990 178,770 81,140 9,950 68.6 8,000 54.8 10,580 14,340
0.250 6.4 2.750 69.9 8.018 11.941 2.356 1,521.1 164,930 74,860 188,500 85,560 10,550 72.7 8,400 58.2 11,060 15,000
3.500 88.9 0.188 4.8 3.124 79.3 6.656 9.907 1.956 1,262.0 136,930 62,110 156,490 70,980 7,320 50.5 5,900 40.4 10,360 14,050
0.203 5.2 3.094 78.6 7.155 10.649 2.103 1,356.5 147,190 66,760 168,210 76,300 7,920 54.6 6,300 43.7 11,040 14,970
0.224 5.7 3.052 77.5 7.845 11.671 2.305 1,486.7 161,380 73,170 184,430 83,620 8,760 60.4 7,000 48.3 11,960 16,220
0.236 6.0 3.028 76.9 8.235 12.255 2.420 1,561.2 169,400 76,830 193,600 87,810 9,240 63.7 7,400 51.0 12,470 16,910
0.250 6.4 3.000 76.2 8.686 12.927 2.553 1,646.8 178,680 81,050 204,200 92,630 9,800 67.6 7,800 54.1 13,050 17,690
19
Footnotes to Specification Tables Cautionary Notes
1. The specified diameters (D) and wall thicknesses (t) are specified The performance properties and test pressures shown apply to as-
by Quality Tubing, a subsidiary of NOV Intervention and manufactured coiled tubing and do not take in to account additional
Stimulation Equipment Business Unit. deformation, axial load, residual stresses or ovality caused by spooling
2. For coiled tubing work strings, the minimum wall thickness (tmin) or service cycling. Section 6 details the effects of tensile loading,
in unrepaired sections is equal to the specified wall thickness torsion, ovality and suggested corrosion derating factors on the
minus 0.005” (0.13 mm) for all sizes and thicknesses. collapse pressure for used coiled tubing.
tmin = t – 0.005” (0.13 mm)
Equation 1 Minimum wall thickness Quality Tubing recommends that working pressure and working loads
should be based on appropriate safety factors. It is not Quality Tubing’s
3. The minimum wall thickness at repaired sections of strings does
responsibility to determine operating safety factors. The hydrostatic
not fall outside the minimum wall specified by the customer unless
test pressure is internally specified and should not be considered as a
the customer so approves.
working pressure.
4. For HO-70 strings, the minimum wall thickness is 90% of the
specified wall thickness. This may occur at flaw-removal areas. Quality Tubing advises its customers that the yield strength of any
tmin = 90% of t coiled tubing product may diminish over the first few cycles of use.
Equation 2 Minimum wall thickness for HO-70
5. The calculated inside diameter (d) is equal to the specified outside

diameter (D), minus twice the specified wall thickness.
d = D – (2t)
Equation 3 Calculated inside diameter
6. The theoretical plain end mass in US customary units is based

on specified dimensions of coiled tubing and calculated with the
following formula:
mpe = 10.69×(D – t) × t in lb/ft.
Equation 4 Plain end mass
7. The pipe body yield load and tensile load is based on specified
outside diameter, specified wall thickness and either the minimum
specified yield strength or tensile strength as appropriate. The
values are rounded to the nearest 10 pounds (10 kg). Caution is
advised when working with worn strings because both the yield
load and tensile strengths may diminish.
8. For coiled tubing work strings, the calculated internal yield
pressure and hydrostatic test pressure are based on specified
minimum wall thickness, specified minimum yield strength,
specified outside diameter and Barlow’s formula. The internal
pressure is rounded to the nearest 10 psi (0.1 MPa). The hydrostatic
test pressure is rounded to the nearest 100 psi (1 MPa).
9. The hydrostatic test pressure is defined for new tubing and is the
minimum test pressure (80% of the yield pressure) for a string,
calculated from the Barlow formula and using the thinnest wall
section in the string.
10. Internal Flash: Flash does not exceed 0.100” (2.54 mm) for wall
thickness less than 0.156” (3.96 mm). For wall thicknesses greater
than or equal to 0.156” (3.96 mm), the flash height does not exceed
0.120” (3.05 mm).
11. Mechanical data common to all grades: The following pages show
flow areas, internal capacities, external displacement, free point
data and the external minus internal displacement, using specified
values for coiled tubing, without allowance for the presence of
internal flash.
20
Coiled Tubing Dimensions, Areas and Volumes
Specified
Pipe Metal
Internal External Displace.
Outside Wall Calc. Inside Plain End Cross GaugeBall Stretch Free Point
Flow Area Capacity per Displace. Ext-Int
Diameter, D Thickness, t Diam., d Mass, Mpe Sectional Dia. Factor Const.
1,000 ft. per 1,000 ft. per 1,000 ft
Area, A
litre/ litre/ litre/ in/kip/ mm/ kPa/
in mm in mm in mm lb/ft kg/m in2 mm2 in2 mm2 bbl bbl bbl in mm ft m
100m 100m 100m 1,000 ft 100 m
1 25.4 0.087 2.2 0.826 21.0 0.849 1.264 0.250 161.0 0.536 345.7 0.6628 34.57 0.971 50.67 0.3086 16.10 0.625 15.875 1.603 0.302 624 190
0.095 2.4 0.810 20.6 0.919 1.368 0.270 174.3 0.515 332.5 0.6374 33.25 0.971 50.67 0.3341 17.43 0.625 15.875 1.481 0.279 675 206
0.102 2.6 0.796 20.2 0.979 1.457 0.288 185.6 0.498 321.1 0.6155 32.11 0.971 50.67 0.3559 18.56 0.625 15.875 1.390 0.261 719 219
0.109 2.8 0.782 19.9 1.038 1.545 0.305 196.8 0.480 309.9 0.5941 30.99 0.971 50.67 0.3774 19.68 0.625 15.875 1.311 0.247 763 232
0.118 3.0 0.764 19.4 1.113 1.656 0.327 210.9 0.458 295.8 0.5670 29.58 0.971 50.67 0.4044 21.09 0.625 15.875 1.223 0.230 817 249
0.125 3.2 0.750 19.1 1.169 1.740 0.344 221.7 0.442 285.0 0.5464 28.50 0.971 50.67 0.4250 22.17 0.375 9.525 1.164 0.219 859 262
1.25 31.8 0.087 2.2 1.076 27.3 1.082 1.610 0.318 205.1 0.909 586.7 1.1247 58.67 1.518 79.17 0.3932 20.51 0.750 19.050 1.258 0.237 795 242
0.095 2.4 1.060 26.9 1.173 1.746 0.345 222.4 0.882 569.3 1.0915 56.93 1.518 79.17 0.4264 22.24 0.750 19.050 1.160 0.218 862 263
0.102 2.6 1.046 26.6 1.252 1.863 0.368 237.3 0.859 554.4 1.0629 55.44 1.518 79.17 0.4550 23.73 0.750 19.050 1.087 0.205 920 280
0.109 2.8 1.032 26.2 1.330 1.979 0.391 252.1 0.836 539.7 1.0346 53.97 1.518 79.17 0.4833 25.21 0.750 19.050 1.024 0.193 977 298
0.118 3.0 1.014 25.8 1.428 2.125 0.420 270.7 0.808 521.0 0.9988 52.10 1.518 79.17 0.5190 27.07 0.750 19.050 0.953 0.179 1,049 320
0.125 3.2 1.000 25.4 1.503 2.237 0.442 285.0 0.785 506.7 0.9714 50.67 1.518 79.17 0.5464 28.50 0.750 19.050 0.905 0.170 1,104 337
0.134 3.4 0.982 24.9 1.599 2.379 0.470 303.1 0.757 488.6 0.9368 48.86 1.518 79.17 0.5811 30.31 0.750 19.050 0.851 0.160 1,175 358
0.145 3.7 0.960 24.4 1.713 2.549 0.503 324.7 0.724 467.0 0.8953 46.70 1.518 79.17 0.6226 32.47 0.750 19.050 0.795 0.149 1,258 384
0.156 4.0 0.938 23.8 1.824 2.715 0.536 345.9 0.691 445.8 0.8547 44.58 1.518 79.17 0.6632 34.59 0.750 19.050 0.746 0.140 1,340 409
0.175 4.4 0.900 22.9 2.011 2.993 0.591 381.3 0.636 410.4 0.7869 41.04 1.518 79.17 0.7310 38.13 0.625 15.875 0.677 0.127 1,478 450
0.188 4.8 0.874 22.2 2.134 3.177 0.627 404.7 0.600 387.1 0.7421 38.71 1.518 79.17 0.7758 40.47 0.625 15.875 0.638 0.120 1,568 478
1.5 38.1 0.095 2.4 1.310 33.3 1.427 2.124 0.419 270.5 1.348 869.6 1.6671 86.96 2.186 114.01 0.5186 27.05 1.000 25.400 0.954 0.179 1,048 320
0.102 2.6 1.296 32.9 1.524 2.269 0.448 289.0 1.319 851.1 1.6316 85.11 2.186 114.01 0.5541 28.90 1.000 25.400 0.893 0.168 1,120 341
0.109 2.8 1.282 32.6 1.621 2.412 0.476 307.3 1.291 832.8 1.5966 83.28 2.186 114.01 0.5891 30.73 1.000 25.400 0.840 0.158 1,191 363
0.118 3.0 1.264 32.1 1.743 2.595 0.512 330.5 1.255 809.6 1.5520 80.96 2.186 114.01 0.6337 33.05 1.000 25.400 0.781 0.147 1,281 390
0.125 3.2 1.250 31.8 1.837 2.735 0.540 348.4 1.227 791.7 1.5179 79.17 2.186 114.01 0.6679 34.84 1.000 25.400 0.741 0.139 1,350 411
0.134 3.4 1.232 31.3 1.957 2.912 0.575 371.0 1.192 769.1 1.4745 76.91 2.186 114.01 0.7113 37.10 1.000 25.400 0.696 0.131 1,438 438
0.145 3.7 1.210 30.7 2.100 3.126 0.617 398.2 1.150 741.9 1.4223 74.19 2.186 114.01 0.7634 39.82 1.000 25.400 0.648 0.122 1,543 470
0.156 4.0 1.188 30.2 2.241 3.336 0.659 425.0 1.108 715.1 1.3710 71.51 2.186 114.01 0.8147 42.50 1.000 25.400 0.607 0.114 1,647 502
0.175 4.4 1.150 29.2 2.479 3.689 0.728 470.0 1.039 670.1 1.2847 67.01 2.186 114.01 0.9010 47.00 0.750 25.400 0.549 0.103 1,821 555
0.188 4.8 1.124 28.5 2.637 3.924 0.775 499.9 0.992 640.2 1.2273 64.02 2.186 114.01 0.9584 49.99 0.750 19.050 0.516 0.097 1,937 590
0.203 5.2 1.094 27.8 2.815 4.189 0.827 533.6 0.940 606.4 1.1626 60.64 2.186 114.01 1.0231 53.36 0.750 19.050 0.484 0.091 2,068 630
1.75 44.5 0.109 2.8 1.532 38.9 1.912 2.846 0.562 362.5 1.843 1189.3 2.2800 118.93 2.975 155.18 0.6950 36.25 1.313 33.350 0.712 0.134 1,405 428
0.118 3.0 1.514 38.5 2.059 3.064 0.605 390.3 1.800 1161.5 2.2267 116.15 2.975 155.18 0.7483 39.03 1.313 33.350 0.661 0.124 1,512 461
0.125 3.2 1.500 38.1 2.171 3.232 0.638 411.7 1.767 1140.1 2.1857 114.01 2.975 155.18 0.7893 41.17 1.313 33.350 0.627 0.118 1,595 486
0.134 3.4 1.482 37.6 2.315 3.445 0.680 438.9 1.725 1112.9 2.1336 111.29 2.975 155.18 0.8414 43.89 1.313 33.350 0.588 0.111 1,701 518
0.145 3.7 1.460 37.1 2.488 3.703 0.731 471.7 1.674 1080.1 2.0707 108.01 2.975 155.18 0.9043 47.17 1.313 33.350 0.547 0.103 1,828 557
0.156 4.0 1.438 36.5 2.658 3.956 0.781 504.0 1.624 1047.8 2.0088 104.78 2.975 155.18 0.9662 50.40 1.000 25.400 0.512 0.096 1,953 595
0.175 4.4 1.400 35.6 2.946 4.385 0.866 558.6 1.539 993.1 1.9040 99.31 2.975 155.18 1.0710 55.86 1.000 25.400 0.462 0.087 2,165 660
0.188 4.8 1.374 34.9 3.139 4.672 0.923 595.2 1.483 956.6 1.8339 95.66 2.975 155.18 1.1411 59.52 1.000 25.400 0.434 0.082 2,306 703
0.203 5.2 1.344 34.1 3.357 4.997 0.987 636.5 1.419 915.3 1.7547 91.53 2.975 155.18 1.2203 63.65 1.000 25.400 0.405 0.076 2,466 752
0.224 5.7 1.302 33.1 3.654 5.439 1.074 692.8 1.331 859.0 1.6468 85.90 2.975 155.18 1.3282 69.28 1.000 25.400 0.372 0.070 2,685 818
2 50.8 0.109 2.8 1.782 45.3 2.203 3.279 0.648 417.8 2.494 1609.1 3.0848 160.91 3.886 202.68 0.8009 41.78 1.500 38.100 0.618 0.116 1,619 493
0.118 3.0 1.764 44.8 2.374 3.533 0.698 450.1 2.444 1576.7 3.0228 157.67 3.886 202.68 0.8629 45.01 1.500 38.100 0.573 0.108 1,744 532
0.125 3.2 1.750 44.5 2.505 3.729 0.736 475.0 2.405 1551.8 2.9750 155.18 3.886 202.68 0.9107 47.50 1.500 38.100 0.543 0.102 1,841 561
0.134 3.4 1.732 44.0 2.673 3.978 0.786 506.8 2.356 1520.0 2.9141 152.00 3.886 202.68 0.9716 50.68 1.500 38.100 0.509 0.096 1,964 599
0.145 3.7 1.710 43.4 2.875 4.280 0.845 545.2 2.297 1481.7 2.8406 148.17 3.886 202.68 1.0452 54.52 1.500 38.100 0.473 0.089 2,113 644
0.156 4.0 1.688 42.9 3.075 4.577 0.904 583.0 2.238 1443.8 2.7679 144.38 3.886 202.68 1.1178 58.30 1.500 38.100 0.443 0.083 2,259 689
0.175 4.4 1.650 41.9 3.414 5.081 1.003 647.3 2.138 1379.5 2.6447 137.95 3.886 202.68 1.2410 64.73 1.313 38.100 0.399 0.075 2,508 765
0.188 4.8 1.624 41.2 3.642 5.420 1.070 690.5 2.071 1336.4 2.5620 133.64 3.886 202.68 1.3237 69.05 1.313 33.350 0.374 0.070 2,676 815
0.203 5.2 1.594 40.5 3.900 5.804 1.146 739.4 1.996 1287.5 2.4682 128.75 3.886 202.68 1.4175 73.94 1.313 33.350 0.349 0.066 2,865 873
0.224 5.7 1.552 39.4 4.253 6.330 1.250 806.3 1.892 1220.5 2.3399 122.05 3.886 202.68 1.5458 80.63 1.313 33.350 0.320 0.060 3,125 952
0.236 6.0 1.528 38.8 4.450 6.624 1.308 843.8 1.834 1183.1 2.2681 118.31 3.886 202.68 1.6176 84.38 1.313 33.350 0.306 0.058 3,270 997
0.250 6.4 1.500 38.1 4.677 6.961 1.374 886.7 1.767 1140.1 2.1857 114.01 3.886 202.68 1.7000 88.67 1.313 33.350 0.291 0.055 3,436 1047
2.375 60.3 0.134 3.4 2.107 53.5 3.210 4.778 0.943 608.6 3.487 2249.5 4.3126 224.95 5.479 285.81 1.1669 60.86 1.750 44.450 0.424 0.080 2,359 719
0.145 3.7 2.085 53.0 3.457 5.145 1.016 655.4 3.414 2202.8 4.2230 220.28 5.479 285.81 1.2564 65.54 1.750 44.450 0.394 0.074 2,540 774
0.156 4.0 2.063 52.4 3.700 5.508 1.088 701.6 3.343 2156.5 4.1344 215.65 5.479 285.81 1.3451 70.16 1.750 44.450 0.368 0.069 2,719 829
0.175 4.4 2.025 51.4 4.116 6.126 1.210 780.3 3.221 2077.8 3.9835 207.78 5.479 285.81 1.4960 78.03 1.750 44.450 0.331 0.062 3,024 922
0.188 4.8 1.999 50.8 4.395 6.542 1.292 833.3 3.138 2024.8 3.8818 202.48 5.479 285.81 1.5976 83.33 1.750 44.450 0.310 0.058 3,229 984
0.203 5.2 1.969 50.0 4.713 7.015 1.385 893.7 3.045 1964.5 3.7662 196.45 5.479 285.81 1.7133 89.37 1.750 44.450 0.289 0.054 3,463 1056
0.224 5.7 1.927 48.9 5.151 7.666 1.514 976.6 2.916 1881.6 3.6072 188.16 5.479 285.81 1.8722 97.66 1.750 44.450 0.264 0.050 3,784 1153
0.236 6.0 1.903 48.3 5.396 8.032 1.586 1023.2 2.844 1835.0 3.5179 183.50 5.479 285.81 1.9615 102.32 1.750 44.450 0.252 0.047 3,965 1208
0.250 6.4 1.875 47.6 5.679 8.453 1.669 1076.8 2.761 1781.4 3.4152 178.14 5.479 285.81 2.0643 107.68 1.500 33.350 0.240 0.045 4,172 1272
2.625 66.7 0.156 4.0 2.313 58.8 4.117 6.128 1.210 780.7 4.202 2710.9 5.1971 271.09 6.694 349.15 1.4966 78.07 2.000 50.800 0.331 0.062 3,025 922
0.175 4.4 2.275 57.8 4.583 6.822 1.347 869.0 4.065 2622.5 5.0278 262.25 6.694 349.15 1.6660 86.90 2.000 50.800 0.297 0.056 3,367 1026
0.188 4.8 2.249 57.1 4.898 7.290 1.439 928.6 3.973 2562.9 4.9135 256.29 6.694 349.15 1.7803 92.86 2.000 50.800 0.278 0.052 3,598 1097
0.203 5.2 2.219 56.4 5.256 7.823 1.545 996.5 3.867 2495.0 4.7833 249.50 6.694 349.15 1.9105 99.65 2.000 50.800 0.259 0.049 3,862 1177
0.224 5.7 2.177 55.3 5.749 8.557 1.690 1090.1 3.722 2401.5 4.6039 240.15 6.694 349.15 2.0898 109.01 2.000 50.800 0.237 0.045 4,224 1287
0.236 6.0 2.153 54.7 6.027 8.970 1.771 1142.7 3.641 2348.8 4.5030 234.88 6.694 349.15 2.1908 114.27 2.000 50.800 0.226 0.042 4,428 1350
0.250 6.4 2.125 54.0 6.347 9.447 1.865 1203.4 3.547 2288.1 4.3866 228.81 6.694 349.15 2.3071 120.34 1.750 44.450 0.214 0.040 4,663 1421
21
Specified
Pipe Metal
Internal External Displace.
Outside Wall Calc. Inside Plain End Cross GaugeBall Stretch Free Point
Flow Area Capacity per Displace. Ext-Int
Diameter, D Thickness, t Diam., d Mass, Mpe Sectional Dia. Factor Const.
1,000 ft. per 1,000 ft. per 1,000 ft
Area, A
litre/ litre/ litre/ in/kip/ mm/ kPa/
in mm in mm in mm lb/ft kg/m in2 mm2 in2 mm2 bbl bbl bbl in mm ft m
100m 100m 100m 1,000 ft 100 m
2.875 73.0 0.156 4.0 2.563 65.1 4.534 6.746 1.333 859.4 5.159 3,326.0 6.381 332.60 8.0295 418.54 1.6482 85.94 2.250 57.150 0.300 0.056 3,331 1,015
0.175 4.4 2.525 64.1 5.051 7.515 1.484 957.3 5.007 3,228.1 6.193 322.81 8.0295 418.54 1.8360 95.73 2.250 57.150 0.269 0.051 3,711 1,131
0.188 4.8 2.499 63.4 5.400 8.034 1.587 1,023.5 4.905 3,161.9 6.067 316.19 8.0295 418.54 1.9629 102.35 2.250 57.150 0.252 0.047 3,967 1,209
0.203 5.2 2.469 62.7 5.798 8.627 1.704 1,099.0 4.788 3,086.4 5.922 308.64 8.0295 418.54 2.1077 109.90 2.250 57.150 0.235 0.044 4,260 1,298
0.224 5.7 2.427 61.6 6.348 9.441 1.866 1,202.6 4.626 2,982.8 5.722 298.28 8.0295 418.54 2.3074 120.26 2.250 57.150 0.214 0.040 4,664 1,420
0.236 6.0 2.403 61.0 6.658 9.905 1.957 1,261.8 4.535 2,923.6 5.609 292.36 8.0295 418.54 2.4200 126.18 2.250 57.150 0.204 0.038 4,892 1,490
0.250 6.4 2.375 60.3 7.015 10.437 2.062 1,329.6 4.430 2,855.8 5.479 285.58 8.0295 418.54 2.5500 132.96 2.000 50.800 0.194 0.037 5,154 1,570
3.250 82.6 0.188 4.8 2.874 73.0 6.154 9.165 1.808 1,167.5 6.487 4,191.1 8.024 419.11 10.261 535.86 2.2368 116.75 2.625 66.675 0.221 0.042 4,521 1,379
0.203 5.2 2.844 72.3 6.612 9.848 1.943 1,254.5 6.353 4,104.1 7.857 410.41 10.261 535.86 2.4035 125.45 2.625 66.675 0.206 0.039 4,858 1,482
0.224 5.7 2.802 71.2 7.246 10.787 2.129 1,374.1 6.166 3,984.4 7.627 398.44 10.261 535.86 2.6338 137.41 2.625 66.675 0.188 0.035 5,324 1,623
0.236 6.0 2.778 70.6 7.604 11.324 2.235 1,442.5 6.061 3,916.0 7.497 391.60 10.261 535.86 2.7639 144.25 2.625 66.675 0.179 0.034 5,587 1,704
0.250 6.4 2.750 69.9 8.018 11.941 2.356 1,521.1 5.940 3,837.5 7.346 383.75 10.261 535.86 2.9143 152.11 2.500 63.500 0.170 0.032 5,891 1,797
3.500 88.9 0.188 4.8 3.124 79.3 6.656 9.907 1.956 1,262.0 7.665 4,945.2 9.481 494.51 11.900 620.72 2.4195 126.20 2.875 73.025 0.204 0.038 4,890 1,491
0.203 5.2 3.094 78.6 7.155 10.649 2.103 1,356.5 7.519 4,850.6 9.299 485.06 11.900 620.72 2.6007 135.65 2.875 73.025 0.190 0.036 5,257 1,602
0.224 5.7 3.052 77.5 7.845 11.671 2.305 1,486.7 7.316 4,720.5 9.049 472.05 11.900 620.72 2.8514 148.67 2.875 73.025 0.174 0.033 5,763 1,756
0.236 6.0 3.028 76.9 8.235 12.255 2.420 1,561.2 7.201 4,646.0 8.907 464.60 11.900 620.72 2.9932 156.12 2.875 73.025 0.165 0.031 6,050 1,844
0.250 6.4 3.000 76.2 8.686 12.927 2.553 1,646.8 7.069 4,560.4 8.743 456.04 11.900 620.72 3.1571 164.68 2.750 69.850 0.157 0.029 6,381 1,945
22
Flash-Free TRUE-TAPER
Internal Flash Conventional Tapered Strings
Coiled tubing is normally manufactured with an internal flash, the As the trend to longer length and larger diameter tubing progresses, the
longitudinal bead formed on the inside of the tubing as it is welded. hanging weight of the string increases. While dissimilar wall thickness
When tubing is to be used in wireline operations or certain other taper designs have been successful in the coiled tubing industry, stress
downhole tool applications, the presence of the internal flash can be a points caused by non-uniform load transfer exist at the bias weld
problem to the operator. In corrosive environments or if the tubing is to juncture. Although careful smoothing of the juncture between the
remain in the well as the production string, removal of the internal bead differing wall thicknesses has provided some reduction of the problem,
can improve the tubing’s resistance to corrosion. the real solution lies in tapering the strip itself to achieve a linear taper
of the wall thickness over large distances.
Quality Tubing’s Process
In conventional ERW mills, internal flash is easy to remove from the TRUE-TAPER Introduced by Quality Tubing
relatively short sections of tube. However, as an entire coiled tubing Quality Tubing, partnered with our steel supplier, has developed a
string is continusously-milled and coiled on a spool, the removal of this patented process for tapering strip. The TRUE-TAPER process achieves
internal flash is more complicated. Our facilities use technology that a linear taper by gradually varying the thickness of the flat steel strip
pumps the continuous internal flash bead from the tubing. This process over almost its entire length (80%L), except for two short sections at
provides internal Flash-Free tubing. This proprietary manufacturing either end of the strip (10%L each). This eliminates the use of multiple
process ensures that the entire weld bead is removed from the tubing, strips of constant thickness in the string when attempting to achieve
within the tolerances given below. tapering, thereby reducing the need for multiple bias welds of dissimilar
gauge material. The actual weld juncture between two strips is at a
Flash is not currently removable from the ID of tapered or TRUE-TAPER
point of equal thickness on both ends of the TRUE-TAPER strip, reducing
strings.
the stress concentrations caused by non-uniform load transfer when
Flash Tolerance joining strips of differing material gauges.
Flash-Free Strings
• The maximum remaining flash height is 0.020” (0.5 mm).

• The maximum trim depth is 0.005” (0.127 mm). 0.28
Notes
Strip Wall Thickness (inches)
1. The tolerance on ID flash in cases where the flash is not removed is 0.100”
0.23
(2.54 mm) for wall thicknesses less than 0.156” (3.96) and 0.120” (3.05 mm)
for wall thickness equal to or greater than 0.156” (3.96 mm).
2. Flash-Free is available on tubing sizes of 1.31” (33.27 mm) ID and greater.
0.18
Flash-Free Tubing Applications
Quality Tubing’s Flash-Free products improve coiled tubing
performance for a wide range of downhole operations: 0.13
• Completion and production installation strings requiring plunger lift, swab

cups and jet pumps
• Setting internal packer seats 0.08
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
• Corrosion control
• Wireline tools Distance from Light Wall End (feet)
• Gauge pigging
0.095-0.102 0.102-0.125 0.109-0.134
0.125-0.156 0.134-0.156 0.156-0.175
0.175-0.203 0.203-0.224 0.224-0.250
Figure 9
Calculated strip thicknesses for continuously tapered strip
23
TRUE-TAPER Availability Advantages of the TRUE-TAPER String
TRUE-TAPER is available for all OD and wall thickness sized in its QT-800 • Taper achieved by gradually reducing wall thickness of master coil during
thru QT-1300 tubing lines (not offered in QT-700). TRUE-TAPER strip steel manufacturing process
thicknesses are as follows, and Figure 9 shows the calculated thickness • Internal wall steps at the bias weld eliminated, producing a smoother
along the strips. internal diameter
• Welding similar gauge material eliminates stress concentrations
• 0.095” - 0.109” (2.4 mm - 2.8 mm)
• Higher usage to pipe in high-cycle and deviated well conditions due to
• 0.102” - 0.125” (2.6 mm - 3.2 mm)
fewer bias welds needed
• 0.109” - 0.134” (2.8 mm - 3.4 mm)
• 0.134” - 0.156” (3.4 mm - 4.0 mm) Example
• 0.156” - 0.175” (4.0 mm - 4.4 mm) In one case of string design for the North Sea, a TRUE-TAPER design,
• 0.175” - 0.203” (4.4 mm - 5.2 mm) using Quality Tubing’s string design was able to raise theoretical cycle
• 0.203” - 0.224” (5.2 mm - 5.7 mm) life in many regions of the string over that of a conventional tapered
• 0.224” - 0.250” (5.7 mm - 6.4 mm) string. Three less bias welds were used in the TRUE-TAPER design than
in the conventional taper design, thereby eliminating three regions of
Strings developed using TRUE-TAPER strips are now considered to
potential weakness to bending.
be the best engineered strings available to the downhole work string
coiled tubing industry. An example of how accurate the strip is rolled TRUE-TAPER String Design
is shown in Figure 10, which illustrates a comparison of the calculated Quality Tubing provides assistance in the design of strings with TRUE-
thickness (±0.005”) with measurements taken with a micrometer. TAPER sections. Our designs help optimize strength to weight and
safety factors. Data regarding taper gradients, wall thickness, steel
There is excellent agreement between the actual and calculated
cross-sectional area, load capacity and internal volume versus distance
thicknesses for all TRUE-TAPER strips, making theoretical predictions of
from the bias welds are available from Quality Tubing.
the wall thickness, internal volume, etc., quite accurate (See SPE paper
68881).
0.220
0.210
0.200
Wall Thickness (in.)
0.190
0.180
0.170
0.160
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strip Length from Light-Wall End (% of Strip)
Nominal Tolerances
Figure 10
Nominal wall thickness plotted against strip length in a typical 0.175”-0.203” TRUE-TAPER
strip.
24
Section 4: Special Product: QT-16Cr Coiled Tubing
A special product is any product not present in the standard product Corrosion Testing
section of this manual. A special product can be categorized, but not QT-16Cr has been tested for sulfide stress cracking resistance in sour
limited to one of the following cases; environments containing H2S in accordance with NACE TM-0177 testing
requirements for both solution A (5% NaCl, 0.5% acetic acid, 720 hours)
1. A product request accompanied by a customer design input requiring
and solution B (5% NaCl, 0.23% acetic acid, 0.4% sodium acetate,
specific design review
720 hours). The results show QT-16Cr has resistance to sulfide stress
2. An existing standard product requiring design modifications or a special
cracking equivalent to conventional 8 low-strength coiled tubing grades
production run
(90,000 psi specified minimum yield strength and below).
3. New products under field test
4. New products under design review QT-16Cr was tested for resistance to chloride stress cracking using a
modified ASTM G123 boiling 15% sodium chloride for 1,000 hours.
Included in this section is Quality Tubing’s 16Cr grade stainless steel
Results show complete resistance when loaded up to 100% of the
coiled tubing/coiled tubing hang-off.
minimum specified yield strength and slightly limited susceptibility
Product Notice August 13,2008: when loaded to 105% of minimum specified yield strength.
Through hydro-testing, Quality Tubing has determined that when
QT-16Cr also exhibits approximately 1/3 the wear rate of QT-900 as
testing at pressures based on 80% of specified minimum yield strength
demonstrated in a modified ASTM G75 slurry abrasion test, conducted
(SMYS), that the tubing’s outside diameter may grow beyond the
dry without slurry or an abrasive against a 13% Chrome wear block. This
specification of + 0.010” above nominal. This diametrical growth,
wear resistance combined with the demonstrated corrosion resistance
specifically of the OD, could potentially create fitment issues with
means QT-16Cr has excellent resistance to wet slurry abrasion
connectors as well as compatibility with standard sized inserts in BOP
corrosion.
strippers. It should be noted that the specified burst strength and axial
Tubing Scaled Tubing De-scaled Tubing
strength specifications remain as per the published specifications.
Model General Corrosion Loss Average Pit Depth Average Pitt Depth
Quality Tubing has determined that a hydrostatic pressure test QT-16Cr None None No pits No pits No pits No pits
13% Cr Pitted only Pitted only 0.023” 0.021” 0.022” Not tested
performed at 64% of tubing internal yield pressure will be free from
General General
QT-900 0.006” 0.005” Not tested Not tested
any diametrical growth while still verifying the pressure capacity of the Corrsion Corrosion
tubing. HO-70 0.004” 0.004”

General General
Not tested Not tested
Corrosion corrosion
Users of QT-16Cr should be aware that the use of internal pressures in Figure 11
excess of Quality Tubing’s stated hydro-test pressure on the Material Summary of corrosion testing
Certification-Weld Location Record may result in diametrical growth of
the product.
As supplied, QT-16Cr may contain tube-to-tube welds. This material is

not supplied as Flash-Free or TRUE-TAPER.
Please direct any questions you may have in regards to this issue to your
Quality Tubing Representative or directly to the Product Development
department.
25
Section 5: Standard Services, Shipping, Product Development and Quality
Standard Services Freeze-Proofing

Welding Fittings The coiled tubing is flushed with antifreeze if the string is to be shipped
Quality Tubing welds fittings onto finished tubing upon request. Special to a cold climate where “freeze plugs” can be a concern.
techniques, approved by an external laboratory for each steel type and
Additional Rust Inhibition
grade, are used when welding fittings of differing steels (e.g. AISI 4130
The inner and outer surfaces of the tubing is coated with corrosion
steel) to Quality Tubing’s coiled tubing product materials. Once welded,
inhibitors. These inhibitors are the result of our development programs.
the integrity of the weld is verified by one or more of the following
nondestructive testing techniques: Final Inspection
For new coiled tubular products, a final electromagnetic inspection for
Digital radiography
wall thickness conditions is performed over 100% of the pipe body wall,
Liquid penetrant inspection (ASME Section 5, Article 6)
including the seam weld, after hydrostatic testing.
These inspections may also be performed to Quality Tubing’s written
Used Tubing Inspection
practices or customer requirements (Figure 12).
Full body electro-magnetic, visual and dimensional inspections of in-
Tube-to-Tube Welding – Downhole Work-String Materials service tubing are available. The inspection covers all wall conditions,
In cases where the customer requires that two shorter downhole work- including ovality, ballooning, necking, pitting, gouges, splits and the
strings be joined together and will accept a tube-to-tube weld, Quality location of heavily cycled areas.
Tubing will perform the weld to written procedures using qualified
Shipment of Coiled Tubing
welders.
The finished string may be shipped on a blue Quality Tubing spool
Tube-to-Tube Welding – QT-16Cr and Downhole Hang-off Material bearing an Quality Tubing number, the string number and whether or
As part of the standard manufacturing process, not the string has been winterized, nitrogen purged and/or back-filled
QT-16Cr and downhole hang-off material (HO-70) product grades may with nitrogen. Alternatively, the coiled tubing string can be transferred
also be tube-to-tube welded in accordance with accepted procedures. to a customer coiled tubing unit in our service area (Figure 21).
These welds will be inspected by radiography, liquid penetrant
Shipment of standard strings and their quality records to Quality
inspection and possibly by ultrasonic shear wave inspection.
Tubing’s service centers is performed in order for customers to have
immediate access.
Export Crating
Should the customer require shipment on an Quality Tubing spool,
the spool may be shipped as is, or crated for export. Every effort is
taken to ensure that the coiled tubing material is protected from the
environment.
Certification and Documentation

Figure 12 Standard Material Certificate and Weld Location Record
Digital radiography on tube-to-tube weld
For each string shipped, a signed material certificate/weld location
Nitrogen Purge and Blanket record is sent with the string. Another official copy is sent to the
Nitrogen is blown through the tube in order to remove oxygen, water customer’s specified office via mail, email or fax. This certificate
and water vapor. When the tube is expected to be shipped overseas, contains Quality Tubing and customer string identification
or stored indefinitely, the ends may be capped to maintain a positive requirements, along with the relevant mechanical and chemical test
pressure differential of nitrogen gas in the ID to help control the internal results, weld location and specifications used in the destructive and
atmosphere of the tubing, by providing an inert environment. nondestructive testing of the string.
Optional Services Measured yield strength and tensile strength data are provided to
Depending upon the use and final destination of Quality Tubing’s the nearest 500 psi, and elongation of coiled tubing is reported to the
products, a wide variety of optional services may be performed. nearest 0.5%.
Wireline Installation The certificate meets the requirements of BS EN 10204.

Electric wire line cable is pumped or pulled through the coiled tubing at Certification Data Book
customer request in order for well logging and perforating operations to Books can be provided which include the results of all relevant
be performed. Alternatively, the wireline can be installed at an Quality measurements and tests taken during the production of the string.
Tubing service center. QT recommends that these wirelines be removed This data book contains all Quality Tubing and customer strip and
after use for storage, inspection and cleaning of the tube ID.
26
string identification requirements, along with all relevant mechanical, Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) and organizations such as the
chemical and NDE test results, strip-bias and tube-to-tube weld American Petroleum Institute (API).
locations and the location of any areas of imperfection removal. Quality System
Electronic Record Each year Quality Tubing formulates an updated strategic quality plan
The results of Quality Tubing’s assessment of section length, specified which outlines the goals and objectives of the quality effort for that
diameter, specified wall thickness and mechanical properties year. Such plans are designed to comprehensively address all strategic
(measured yield strength, measured tensile strength, etc.) can be quality issues:
supplied on disc or e-mailed to the customer. Quality Tubing personnel New Product Development
will enter the appropriate data into commercially supplied programs. New products are designed under a formalized plan with a design input
Product Development and review phase, a prototype product and testing at all stages during
Quality Tubing employs at a minimum the following methods in the product development.
development of its products: Documentation and Training
Incoming Strip Control All operations are performed under documented instructions with
Purchase specifications with set tolerances on the chemistry and critical functions accompanied by formal training.
metallurgy that are appropriate to the final product are supplied to our Welding Standards
vendors. Welding procedures are documented and designed after ASME Boiler
Fatigue Testing and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX.
Fatigue test results from a standard fatigue machine can be provided System Calibration
upon request, provided there is limited ballooning or ovality. A documented calibration system is used to maintain all inspection,
Fatigue tests are continually performed on both new and used products measuring and testing equipment used to measure or assess product
at various internal pressures on one of Quality Tubing’s two standard quality.
fatigue test machines. Used materials that have been returned from our Record Keeping
customers may be cycled in order to determine the remaining fatigue Quality records verifying attributes throughout the ordering,
life, provided they will fit the pressure equipment. manufacturing, testing and shipping phases are collected and
Fatigue cycle testing of new materials helps Quality Tubing establish maintained on file for a minimum of three years. Quality system
the suitability of our product for various applications and provides for documentation is controlled to assure relevant and current information
comparisons between grades. is available to all personnel affecting quality. Records are also
maintained on all incoming critical materials.
Corrosion Testing
All coiled tubing developed at Quality Tubing is subject to a battery of NDT
corrosion tests which consist of the following: Nondestructive testing personnel are trained in radiography, visual
inspection, liquid penetrant inspection, eddy current inspection and
• Standard NACE tests for sulfide stress cracking (SSC) ultrasonic inspection.
External certified laboratories are used to verify the performance of
Quality Tubing’s products in sour environments, using NACE Standard TM- Please note that Quality Tubing’s Quality Department is fully
0177, methods B and/or C. (Laboratory Testing of Metals for Resistance to autonomous and designed to operate independently of all other
Specific Forms of Environmental Cracking in H2S Environments). departments.
• Non-Standard Corrosion Testing Quality Assurance
Quality Tubing supports industry projects which assess the ability of our We have incorporated programs to monitor the quality system and
products to withstand corrosion in non-standard solutions and in various product quality and to promote continuous quality improvement
stages of its fatigue life. throughout the company.
• Field Trials
Testing of new products is performed in alliance with Quality Tubing’s Engineering
customers, prior to release of that product as a standard product. Projects are identified for both product and process improvements
• Industry Projects on an on-going basis. These projects focus on new products under
As part of its leadership role in coiled tubing development, Quality Tubing development, manufacturing, inspection and testing equipment
actively supports Joint Industry Projects relating to corrosion, fatigue, capabilities and the enhancement of existing products.
the mechanical effects of surface defects in coiled tubing and the flow of Customer Feedback
various materials through the tubing. Quality Tubing also actively supports Customer input is reviewed by management to identify areas for both
the efforts of professional societies such as the Society of Petroleum product and service related improvements.
Engineers (SPE), the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE),
the International Coiled Tubing Association (ICoTA) and the American
27
Supplier Quality
Material and service suppliers are monitored, audited and surveyed to
assure incoming conformance to specifications.
Internal Quality
Auditors from all departments within Quality Tubing monitor and
assess the effectiveness of the systems and processes and recommend
areas for improvement.
Training
Formal and informal training is conducted throughout operations on
an ongoing basis in safety, destructive and nondestructive testing,
production processes and other areas affecting product quality.
Management Review
Quality records, customer complaints, internal and external audits,
continuous improvement projects, as well as other quality activities, are
reviewed at regular intervals by management to evaluate the adequacy
and implementation of the quality system, and to identify additional
areas for further improvement.
Policy on Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (N.O.R.M.)

When coiled tubing is left in wells for extended periods of time, such as
hang-off and velocity string situations, the possibility arises that the
string can become contaminated with Naturally Occurring Radioactive
Materials (N.O.R.M.). It is Quality Tubing’s policy not to accept onto our
premises, nor to work on strings that give a N.O.R.M reading of greater
than 10 micro-Roentgens per hour.
Prior to returning strings to an Quality Tubing facility or service center,

the owner must survey the string using an approved N.O.R.M. detection
device and submit the results to Quality Tubing. If the readings are
found to be acceptable, the string can be shipped to Quality Tubing.
Upon the string’s arrival at an Quality Tubing location, the string will
again be checked for the presence of N.O.R.M. and will be returned to
the owner if the above limit is exceeded.
Additional guidance on N.O.R.M. can be found in API Bulletin E2 [Bulletin

on Management of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM)
in Oil and Gas Production], which is available from API at 1220 L St NW,
Washington, DC 20005.
28
Section 6: General Engineering Information
This section contains the following:

1. Definitions of commonly used coiled tubing engineering information, with
standard symbols
2. Examples calculated in US units
3. Conversions to SI (metric) units
4. Coiled tubing (carbon steel) material properties
5. Coiled tubing (stainless steel, QT-16Cr) material properties
6. Coiled tubing, drill pipe and casing stretch data
7. Determination of free point constant
29
Definitions and Equations (US Customary Units) Minimum Wall Thickness for Hang-Off Strings (tmin)
Specified Outside Diameter (D) The minimum wall thickness of downhole hang off strings, which
The outer diameter as specified in this publication. This quantity is generally occurs at flaw removal areas, is 87.5%t, unless otherwise
reported to 0.001”. The tolerance on the specified outer diameter is ± specified by the customer during contract review.
0.010” for new coiled tubing before spooling.
Pipe Metal Cross-Sectional Area (Aw)
Measured Outside Diameter (Dmeas) The pipe metal cross-sectional area (Aw) for new tubing is calculated
The outer diameter as measured with a caliper. This quantity from the equation:
is reported to 0.001”. It is measured and recorded for the tensile
Aw = π × (D – t) × t in2
test samples, during any NDE prove-up and before and after any
imperfection removal. Equation 7 Tube cross-sectional area
This formula does not include the effect of internal flash, when present.
Specified Wall Thickness (t)
The wall thickness as specified in this publication. In the case of Plain End Mass per Unit Length (mpe)
TRUE-TAPER sections, the specified wall thickness at a location in the The mass per unit length is calculated from the equation:
tapered section may be taken as the average of four (4) equally-spaced
mpe = 10.69 × (D – t) × t in lb/ft
wall thickness readings (t1, t 2, t3, t4) taken with a suitably calibrated
compression wave ultrasonic gauge at the same axial location, but not Equation 8 Plain end mass per unit length
including any reading taken on the flash line. This formula does not cover the presence of internal flash. Earlier
t1+t 2+t3+t4 catalogues used 10.68 instead of 10.69. Tables published by others (e.g.
t= API) may give the result to 2 decimal places.
4
Pipe Body Yield Load and Tensile Load (Ly)
Equation 5 Specified wall thickness The Pipe Body Yield Load is the axial tension load (in the absence of
These quantities are reported to 0.001”. pressures or torque) which produces a stress in the tube equal to the
specified minimum yield strength (SMYS) in tension:
Measured Wall Thickness (tmeas)
The wall thickness at a specific location, as measured by micrometer or Ly = π × (D – t) × t × SMYS lbs
suitably calibrated compression wave ultrasonic gauge. This quantity is Equation 9 Pipe body yield load and tensile load
reported to 0.001”. It is measured and recorded for tensile test samples
Where:
and during any NDE prove-up, especially after flaw removal.
• SMYS = Specified minimum yield strength (psi)
Calculated Inside Diameter (d) • D = Specified outside diameter (in.)
The calculated inside diameter is the value calculated from the • t = Specified wall thickness (in.)
equation:
The pipe body tensile load (LT) is calculated by substituting the specified
d = D – (2 × t) minimum tensile strength for the SMYS. Both are rounded to the nearest
Equation 6 Inside diameter 10 lb.
Measured Inside Diameter (dmeas) Internal Yield Pressure (Coiled Tubing) (Pr)
The inside diameter as measured with a caliper, but not including the Internal yield pressure is the internal pressure required to plastically
internal flash. deform the tubing. This calculation is based on the method detailed in
API Bul. 5C3:
The measured inside diameter (dmeas) may be different from the tmin
calculated value, because of inside flash, slight ovality and neither the Pr = 2 × SMYS ×
D
measured outer diameter (Dmeas) nor the measured wall thickness (tmeas) Equation 10 Internal yield pressure
being identical with the specified values.
Where:
Minimum Wall Thickness for Work-Strings (tmin) • SMYS = Specified minimum yield strength (psi)
The minimum permitted wall thickness during the manufacture of • D = Specified outside diameter (in.)
a new coiled tubing string is t – 0.005” (t – 0.13 mm) at all locations • Tmin = Specified minimum wall thickness (in.)
including welds. This arises because of engineering tolerances. The
Hydrostatic Test Pressure (PT)
measured wall thickness of in-service strings may be less than tmin due
The hydrostatic test pressure for coiled tubing is defined as the
to wear, abrasion, corrosion, etc.
maximum internal fluid pressure recommended to test the tube seam
Quality Tubing will consider removing an imperfection up to, but weld integrity, based on 80% of the internal yield pressure:
not exceeding a remaining wall of 87.5%. If such an imperfection is
PT = 0.8 × Pr
removed a non-conformance report is generated.
Equation 11 Quality Tubing hydrostatic test pressure
30
Where: Internal Capacity (Vi)
• Pr = Internal yield pressure (psi) Internal capacity in Gal/1,000 ft. is defined as the unit volume within the
tube.
Thus the hydrostatic test pressure is also based upon tmin. Except
by special agreement, Quality Tubing will not exceed an internal Vi = 40.8 × d2
hydrostatic test pressure of 15,000 psi (103 MPa). Equation 14 Internal capacity
Note: Unless otherwise agreed, Quality Tubing will hydrostatic test each External Displacement (VD)
string to the pressure given for a minimum of 15 minutes at 80% pressure External displacement in Gal/1000 ft. is defined as the volume of fluid
and 5 minutes at 100% pressure. Longer periods and different pressures that is displaced by the area of a tube body.
must be mutually agreed upon during contract review.
VD = 40.8 × D2
Collapse Pressure Equation 15 External displacement
The collapse pressure (in the absence of axial stress) for as-
Calculation Examples
manufactured coiled tubing is calculated using the appropriate formula
The following calculation examples are based on 1.25” OD x 0.125” wall
from the API Bulletin on Formulas and Calculations for Casing, Tubing,
QT-800.
Drill Pipe and Line Pipe Properties (API Bul. 5C3) for:
• Yield strength collapse Given data:
• Plastic collapse • SMYS = Specified minimum yield strength = 80,000 psi
• Transition collapse • D = Specified Outer Diameter = 1.25”
• Elastic collapse pressure • t = Specified Wall Thickness =0.125”
• tmin = t – 0.005” = 0.120”
These values are then adjusted for the effect of ovality. In section 6 of
this manual (Collapse Pressure), collapse pressures for axial and torque Inside Diameter (d) (Equation 6)
loading and for coiled tubing with ovality are also calculated. d = D – (2 × t)
Values calculated from the formulas in API 5C3 are conservative for new d = 1.250 – (2 × 0.125)
tubing, since they represent a 95% confidence level that the material
d = 1.000 in.
will collapse at a higher pressure.
Pipe Metal Cross-Section (Aw) (Equation 7)
Torsional Yield Strength (Tf)
Aw = π × (D – t) × t
Torsional yield strength is defined as the torque (in the absence of axial
stress or pressure) that will plastically deform the tubing Torsional yield Aw = π × (1.250 – 0.125) × 0.125
strength is calculated from:
Aw = 0.442 in2
SMYS × D4 – d4 Plain End Mass (mpe) (Equation 8)

Tf =
105.86 × D mpe = 10.69 × (D – t) × t
Equation 12 Torsional yield strength mpe = 10.69 × (1.250 – 0.125) × 0.125
Where: mpe = 1.503 lb/ft

• d = calculated inside diameter
Pipe Body Yield Load (Ly) (Equation 9)
Calculated values are rounded to the nearest 10 ft-lb.
Ly = π × (D – t) × t × SMYS
Flow Area
Ly = π × (1.250 – 0.125) × 0.125 × 80,000
The flow area is calculated from the equation:
Ly = 35,340 lb
()d 2
Pipe Body Tensile Load (LT) (Equation 9)
AID = π ×
2 LT = π × (D – t) × t × SMYS
Equation 13 Flow area LT = π × (1.250 – 0.125) × 0.125 × 90,000
“d” is the calculated inside diameter. This does not account for the
LT = 39,760 lb
possible presence of internal flash.
31
Internal Yield Pressure (Pr) (Equation 10) Inside Diameter (dM)
tmin dM = 25.4 × d
Pr = 2 × SMYS ×
D Equation 18 Inside diameter (metric)
Where:
0.120
Pr = 2 × 80,000 × • dM = SI inside diameter rounded to the nearest 0.1 mm
1.250
Plain End Mass (mpe(M))
Pr = 15,360 psi
mpe(M) = 0.0246615 (DM – tM) × tM
Test Pressure (PT) (Equation 11) Equation 19 Plain end mass (metric)
PT = 0.8 × Pr Where:
• Pl = SI Plain end mass/meter rounded to the nearest 0.001 kg/m
PT = 0.8 × 15,360
• DM = SI outside diameter (mm)
PT = 12,300 psi • tM = SI wall thickness (mm)
Torsional Yield Strength (Tf ) (Equation 12) Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYSM)
SMYSM = 0.00689476 × SMYS

SMYS × D4 – d4
Tf = Equation 20 Specified minimum yield strength (metric)
105.86 × D
Where:
80,000 × (1.2504 – 1.0004) • SMYSM = Specified minimum yield strength rounded to the nearest 1 N/
Tf =
105.86 × 1.250 mm2
Tf = 870 lb/ft Torsional Strength
Flow Area (AID) (Equation 13) 1lb/ft = 1.135582 N/m
()
Equation 21 Torsional Strength (metric)
d 2
AID = π × Values in tables rounded to the nearest 10 N/m

2
Pipe Body Yield Load (LyM)
( )1.00 2
Ly
AID = π ×
2 LyM =
2.20462
AID = 0.785 in2 Equation 22 Pipe body yield load (metric)
Where:
Note: This area does not account for the presence of internal flash.
• LyM = Pipe body yield load rounded to nearest 10 kg
Conversion of US Customary Units to SI (Metric) Units
Internal Yield Pressure (PrM)
The following conversions are given in accordance with Guidelines given
in API Specification for Casing and Tubing, (API 5CT) sixth Ed. 2000. PrM = 0.00689476 × Pr
Outside Diameter (DM) Equation 23 Internal yield pressure (metric)
DM = 25.4 × D Where:
Equation 16 Outside diameter (metric) • PrM = SI internal yield pressure rounded to nearest 0.1 MPa
Where: Test Pressure (PTM)

• DM = SI outside diameter rounded to the nearest 0.1 mm
PTM = 0.00689476 × PT
• D = Specified outside diameter (in.)
Equation 24 Quality Tubing hydrostatic test pressure (metric)
Wall Thickness (tM)
Where:
tM = 25.4 × t
• P tM = SI test pressure rounded to nearest 0.1 MPa
Equation 17 Wall thickness (metric)
Where:
• tM = SI wall thickness rounded to the nearest 0.1 mm
32
Collapse Pressure (PcM) General Stretch Formula
PcM = 0.00689476 × Pc (F × L × 12)

S=
Equation 25 Collapse pressure (metric) (A × E)
Where: Equation 26 Stretch
• PcM = SI collapse pressure rounded to nearest 0.1 MPa
Where:
Coiled Tubing Material Properties (Carbon Steel) • S = Stretch, in.
Young’s Modulus
27 – 30 × 106 psi • F = Pull force, lbf
19 – 21 × 103 kg/mm2
• L = Length, ft.
11.7 × 106 psi
Shear Modulus • E = Modulus of Elasticity, psi (For steel, E ~30,000,000 psi)
8.23 × 103 kg/mm2
Poisson’s Ratio 0.30 (theoretical) • A = Pipe metal wall cross-sectional area, in2
6.51 × 10 -6 °F
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
11.7 × 10 -6 °C Note: A common misconception is that the amount of stretch for an oil
0.283 lb/in3
Steel Density field tubular material is affected by the grade of steel (e.g., J-55, L-80, etc.).
7.86 g/cm3
0.232 in/µ-sec This is not true, because the modulus of elasticity remains the same.
Ultrasonic Compression Wave Velocity
5.89 km/sec
0.128 in/µ-sec Higher grades of steel have greater yield strengths, hence greater
Ultrasonic Shear Wave Velocity
3.23 km/sec elastic limits. This means higher strength tubular goods can be pulled
100µin
Average Surface Roughness* (for new tubing) to higher loads, therefore stretch farther before reaching their elastic
2.6 µm
limits than lower grades.
*This is a measured value on new carbon-steel tubing. The roughness
Example (Equation 26):
of the inside surface will change with service, especially with rust and
How much stretch will 15,000 ft of 1.50” OD x 0.095” wall coil tubing with
scale present and flow calculations should also account for the internal
20,000 lb pull?
flash.
20,000 lb × 15,000 ft × 12 in/ft
S=
Coiled Tubing Material Properties (QT-16Cr) .419 in2 X 30,000,000 psi
Young’s Modulus
28 × 106 psi S = 286 in = 23 ft 10 in
19.7 × 103 kg/mm2
Shear Modulus
11 × 106 psi Determination of the Free Point
7.74 × 103 kg/mm2
The free point constant makes it possible to determine the length
Poisson’s Ratio 0.29 (theoretical)
9.35 × 10 -6 °F of tube being stretched very easily. This is commonly referred to as
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
16.8 × 10 -6 °C determining the free point in a string of stuck or anchored tube, when
0.283 lb/in3
Steel Density the amount of pull force and amount of stretch is known. Read the
7.86 g/cm3
0.226 in/µ-sec correct Free Point Constant from the table (Coiled Tubing Dimensions,
Ultrasonic Compression Wave Velocity
5.75 km/sec Areas & Volumes, US Units, Section 3) for the tubing involved and use in
0.122 in/µ-sec
Ultrasonic Shear Wave Velocity the following formula:
3.10 km/sec
20µin
Average Surface Roughness* (for new tubing) (∆L × FPC)
.55 µm L=
F
Note: the smoothness of this material should increase flow rates and Equation 27 Free point calculation
reduce pumping pressures.
Where:
Coiled Tubing, Drill Pipe and Casing Strength Data • L = Minimum length of free tube, or length being stretched, ft. *
When a pulling force is applied to oil well tubular goods, they stretch • ΔL = Stretch, in.
by a predictable amount. Tubular goods are said to have elastic • F = Pull force, kips (1000 lbf.)
behavior when pulling forces acting on it are less than the material’s • FPC = Free point constant
yield strength. Robert Hooke (1635-1702) observed that the amount of
*Because of friction forces, which cannot be determined readily, the
distortion, or strain, was proportional to the stress or force applied, as
actual length of free tube may be longer than calculated. The formula
long as the elastic limit is not exceeded.
necessarily assumes complete absence of friction.
The factors affecting the amount a tubular material will stretch are:
1. Length (in the direction of pull)
2. Amount of the axial pulling force or stress
3. Cross-sectional area of the material
4. Material’s elasticity constant (the Young’s Modulus or Modulus of Elasticity)
33
Determine the minimum length of free tube being stretched when
a string of 1.50” OD x 0.095” wall coiled tubing stretches 36” with an
applied pull of 8,000 lbf.
36 ×1,050
L=
8
L = 4,720 ft
Procedure for Determining the Free Point for Stuck or Anchored

Tubing
There is a specific procedure for measuring the pull force and amount of
stretch in the tubing for obtaining an accurate determination of the free
point. The following procedure is used to ensure weight of any slack in
the tubing is not added to the pulling force:
1. Either pick-up or snub the tubing so the injector load-indicator reads zero
(the injector is neither pulling nor pushing the tubing through the striper).
2. Pick up the amount of the weight of the free tubing and there is no slack in
the string.
NOTE: The weight of the free length of the string could be estimated. If the
weight cannot be estimated, a good first assumption is half the weight of the
total string length.
3. Mark the tubing (using marker pen or chalk) at the top of the preventer or
other convenient non-moving reference point below the injector.
4. Pull on the tubing.
NOTE: the combined pick-up load and pulling force should not exceed the
rated yield load for the tubing (refer to the Tubing Data Table for the grade of
tubing being used).
5. Mark the tubing at the top of the preventer or reference point again. The
distance between the first mark (made after the initial pick-up load) and
the final pull is the ΔL used in the free point calculation.
6. Use the difference between the pickup load and the final load indicator
reading for the pulling force in the free point calculation.
Calculating the Free Point Constant

For any tubing size not included in the General Tubing Data Table, the
Free Point Constant can be calculated as follows:
FPC = 2,500 × Aw
Equation 28 Free point constant

Determine the free point constant for 3.5” OD x 0.203” wall tubing:
Determine the cross-sectional are of the tubing wall:
Aw = π × (3.50 – 0.203) × 0.203 = 2.1026 in2
FPC = 2,500 × 2.1026 = 5,260 ft
34
Section 7: Collapse Pressure
Disclaimer
The following section of this document is based upon theoretical
studies and experimental data and is only presented by Quality Tubing
as a possible benefit to the customer. Quality Tubing is not responsible
for incidents that may occur when the following information is used.
The collapse pressure should be determined on a job-by-job basis. For
more data, software programs, such as Cerberus™ can be used.
35
Collapse Pressure for New Coiled Tubing The Effect of Load and Torque
The collapse pressure (Pc) for new, as-manufactured, “perfectly round” When a tensile load or a torque acts on coil tubing, the collapse
coiled tubing, in the absence of axial stress, is calculated using the pressure will decrease. Because of this decrease, a safety factor should
appropriate formula which is given in API Bulletin 5C3. A new version of be calculated by the customer to help assist in examining the risk of
this is under consideration at API and ISO. These formulas have been tubing collapse. The safety factor (greater than or equal to 1) should
developed for tubular collapse in the yield strength, plastic or transition be based on the utilization of the coiled tubing (from zero to 100%).
collapse regimes. The utilization of the tubing is based on the age and usage of the string
and should be determined by the customer based on field experience,
The Effect of Ovality on New Coiled Tubing
derating programs for theoretical fatigue life consumed and/or other
For all coiled tubing that is in service, the condition of the tube cannot
methods. Quality Tubing cannot provide the utilization number, but will
always be considered to be “perfectly round”. Coiled tubing should
assist with calculations upon request.
always be considered to be somewhat oval. For QT-1000 and above,
the minimum ovality should be considered to be 1%, and for all lower To calculate the theoretical collapse pressure with a load or torque on
grades, it should be 2% the tubing and a safety factor incorporated, the following equations can
be used:
NOTE: This is a minimum value that is caused from the spooling process,
( ) ( ) ( )
actual ovality could be greater. 1
4/3
P
4/3
L
4/3
S.F. = Pco + Ly
The ovality of the coiled tubing can drastically reduce the collapse
pressure of the tubing. The ovality of the tubing for the purpose of
these calculations can be determined by the following equation: Equation 33 Safety factor applied to collapse pressure and load
(Dmax- Dmin)
( ) ( ) ( )
4/3 4/3 4/3
Θ = 100 × 1 P T
D = +
Equation 29 Tube ovality
S.F. Pco Ty
Where: Equation 34 Safety factor applied to collapse pressure and torque

• Θ = Ovality of a single cross-sectional area of tubing
• Dmax = The maximum measured diameter of the cross-sectional area of tubing Where:
• Dmin = The minimum measured diameter of the cross-sectional area of tubing • S.F. = Safety factor chosen by the customer
• D = The specified diameter of the tubing • P = External operating pressure
)
To find the collapse pressure of coiled tubing that is not “perfectly • L = Operating tensile load
• Ly = Pipe body yield load
round”, the following equations that were developed by Timonshenko • T = Operating torque
should be considered: • Ty = Torsional yield strength
Pco= g – √g 2 – f As shown in Equation 33 and Equation 34, the load factor and torque
Equation 30 Timonshenko equation 1 for collapse pressure factor are equal.
( ( ) ( )
4/3
SMYS Pc Dmax – Dmin D L
4/3
T
g= + × 2+3× × =
D/tmin – 1 4 D tmin Ly Ty
Equation 31 Timonshenko equation 2 for collapse

Torque will be disregarded for the remainder of this section because of
2 × SMYS × Pc the relationship between the torque factor and the load factor.
f=
(D/tmin) – 1
NOTE: Whenever the load factor of a string is shown, it can be replaced by
Equation 32 Timonshenko equation 3 for collapse its torque factor.
Where: The above equations can be rearranged to calculate different variables.

• Pc = The collapse pressure for “perfectly round” tubing at zero load Using minimal allowable safety factors (which are determined by the
• Pco = The collapse pressure for the oval tubing at zero load
• SMYS = Specified minimum yield strength of tubing user), these equations can be solved for allowable external pressure,
• tmin = minimum wall thickness of tubing allowable tensile load, required collapse capacity or required load
These equations will give a theoretical collapse pressure for tubing with capacity.
no load. There are multiple variables that are not taken into account
Calculate the Allowable External Pressure
in these equations that may affect the actual collapse pressure of the
In calculating the allowable external collapse pressure for a string of
tubing. This should be considered when using the calculated values in
tubing, we will use the collapse pressure correction factor K. This factor
an actual scenario.
is a substitution that will simplify Equation 33 and Equation 34 when the
user is determining the allowable external pressure. The substitution
equation is:
36
P=K × Pco of the string) that is acting on the string. After the two factors are found,
Equation 35 Collapse correction factor applied to collapse pressure trace them to the point that the respective row and column intersect
on the table. This will be the corresponding correction factor that
and rearranged to solve for the correction factor K:
should be used when finding the allowable external operating pressure,
P P. Since the collapse pressure, Pco, is set by the tubing dimensions,
K= P
co multiplying it by K will give a new pressure that accounts for the safety
Equation 36 Collapse correction factor factor and the downhole load acting on the string. With this new
Therefore, value of P, the user can adjust the internal pressure of the string to
( ) ( )
4/3 4/3 compensate for the external pressure so the string will not be at risk of
1 L
= (K) + 4/3
collapsing.
S.F. Ly
Some Variables that May Affect Collapse
Equation 37 Collapse correction factor used with safety factor and load factor 1. Active Load at Surface
This equation can then be rearranged to solve for K as follows: a. Tubing and associated downhole tools
b. Buoyancy effect
( ) ( )
4/3 4/3 3/4
1 L c. Pump friction force
K= –
S.F. Ly d. Friction force between the tubing and the well wall
e. Accuracy of weight indicator
Equation 38 Collapse correction factor defined f. Deviation of well
The correction factor K takes into account the safety factor and the g. Axial load added from tubing being stuck downhole
load factor which is shown in Equation 38. The safety factor must 2. Pressure
be selected by the customer, and the load factor is set by the tubing a. Internal tube pressure
dimensions and the actual load on the tube (depth in hole, attached b. External tube pressure
tools, etc.). These values are set by circumstances of the situation, so 3. Tubing specifications
selecting the correction factor K can be done using the following: a. Grade of tubing
b. Wall thickness
Coiled Tubing Utilization (U) c. Ovality of tubing
L < 20% 20-30% 30-40% 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-100% 4. Tubing utilization
Safety Factor
a. Safety factor
Ly
b. Tubing fatigue life
1.25 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 2.00
0.00 0.80 0.77 0.71 0.67 0.63 0.59 0.56 0.50 Calculation Examples
0.05 0.79 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.61 0.57 0.54 0.48 Tubing Specifications
0.10 0.76 0.73 0.67 0.63 0.58 0.55 0.51 0.46 • SMYS = 90,000 psi
0.15 0.73 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.52 0.48 0.42 • Outside diameter = 2.00”
0.20 0.70 0.67 0.61 0.56 0.52 0.48 0.45 0.38 • Wall thickness = 0.203”
0.25 0.67 0.64 0.58 0.53 0.48 0.44 0.40 0.34 User Measured Specifications
0.30 0.63 0.60 0.54 0.49 0.44 0.40 0.36 0.29 • Maximum outside diameter = 2.030”
0.35 0.59 0.56 0.50 0.44 0.39 0.35 0.31 0.24 • Minimum outside diameter = 1.970”
0.40 0.55 0.51 0.45 0.39 0.34 0.30 0.26 0.18 • Safety factor = 1.30
0.45 0.50 0.46 0.40 0.34 0.29 0.24 0.19 0.11 • Operating tensile load = 36,000 lbf
0.50 0.45 0.41 0.34 0.28 0.23 0.17 0.12 0.00 Step 1
0.55 0.40 0.36 0.29 0.12 0.0.16 0.09 0.02 Determine the collapse pressure for “perfectly round” tubing, Pc, for the
0.60 0.34 0.30 0.22 0.15 0.07 given dimensions and no load as found in API 5C3. To do this, select
0.65 0.28 0.23 0.14 0.05 the appropriate equation; for this example, the yield strength collapse
0.70 0.21 0.16 0.05
pressure formula will be used. The yield strength collapse pressure for
the given tube specifications is 16,416 psi.
0.75 0.12 0.06
Figure 13 Step 2
Collapse Correction Factors Determine the ovality of the tubing (Equation 29). If the ovality cannot
To use this table, select the desired safety factor or utilization range (i.e. be determined, a default value such as 2% can be used:
U = 35% is the same column as S.F. =1.40), and then select the correct (Dmax- Dmin)
load factor, L/Ly, that represents the downhole load (the operating Θ=100 ×
tensile load) versus the pipe body yield load (based on the dimensions D
37
(2.03 - 1.97) Using the chosen safety factor and the calculated load factor, Table
Θ = 100 × = 3.0%
2 36 can be used to locate the corresponding correction factor, K. On
Step 3 the table, locate the column that corresponds to the selected safety
Find the collapse pressure, Pco, for tubing that is oval, but has no load factor of 1.30 (this is also the column that corresponds to the tubing
acting upon it by using Equations 30-32. utilization, U, of 20 to 30%). Also locate the row that corresponds to
the calculated load factor (approximately 0.35). Trace the respective
First, the minimum wall thickness must be calculated using Quality
row and column until they intersect. In this case, the value at this
Tubing’s specifications as follows:
intersection is 0.56. This should be used as the collapse pressure
tmin= t – 0.005 = 0.203 – 0.005 = 0.198 in correction factor.
Next calculate g (Equation 31): Step 5
(
Incorporate the collapse pressure correction factor into the allowable
SMYS Pc Dmax – Dmin D
g= + × 2+3× × external pressure (Equation 35) as follows:
)
D/tmin – 1 4 D tmin
( )
P = K × Pco
90,000 16,416 2.030 - 1.970 2.000
g= + × 2+3× × P = 0.56 × 9,510
2.000/0.128 - 1 4 2.000 0.198
P = 5,330 psi
g = 21,827
The previous calculations estimate that, in order to keep the tubing
Then calculate f (Equation 32): from collapsing, the external pressure acting on the tubing must remain
below 5,330 psi. This means that the differential pressure (the well
2 × SMYS × Pc
f= pressure minus the annulus pressure) must remain below 5,330 psi.
(D/tmin) – 1
2 × 90,000 × 16,416
f=
(2.000/0.198) - 1
f = 324,676,049
Finally, calculate Pco (Equation 30):
Pco= g – √g 2 – f
Pco= 21,827 – √21,8272 – 324,676,049
Pco = 9,510 psi
Rounding this number to the nearest 10 gives Pco = 9,510 psi. This will be
the new collapse pressure for the tubing which includes a percentage of
ovality.
Step 4
Incorporate the user determined safety factor and operating tensile
load that are relevant to the string. The operating tensile load should
include axial loads acting upon the string caused by the weight of the
downhole portion of the string, the weight of any tools attached to the
string, etc.
First, calculate the pipe body yield load (Equation 9):
Ly = π ×(D – t)× t × SMYS
Ly = π × (2.000 – 0.203) × 0.203 × 90,000
Ly = 103,142
Ly is then used to divide the operating tensile load to determine the load
factor as follows:
L 36,000
Load Factor = = = 0.349
Ly 103,142
38
Section 8: Friction Pressure Drop
The principle purpose of coiled tubing is to convey fluids downhole

against the wellbore pressure. While its own weight helps push the
fluid against the well pressure, pump pressure must be added to move
the fluid through the tubing on the reel. Friction of the fluid against
the tubing’s inner surface creates additional resistance pumping must
overcome in addition to the desired discharge pressure at the end of the
tubing string downhole. This additional resistance is called the friction
pressure drop.
This pressure drop increases non-linearly in the pump rate. The amount
of pressure drop is based upon certain fluid and tubing characteristics:
the fluid’s density and viscosity, the fluid’s flowing rate and the
roughness of the tubing wall.
Fluid flow is categorized as either laminar (smooth flowing) or turbulent

(rough flowing). As reason indicates, laminar flow takes less energy to
move the fluid. The amount of energy to move a fluid is directly related
to the pumping rate. Whether a fluid is flowing in a laminar or turbulent
pattern can be predicted by determining its Reynolds Number, a
dimensionless number.
Disclaimer
The following section of this document is based on theoretical studies
and experimental data and is only presented by Quality Tubing as a
possible benefit to the customer. Quality Tubing is not responsible for
incidents that may occur when the following information is used. The
friction pressure drop should be determined on a job-by-job basis. For
more data, software programs, such as Cerberus™ can be used.
39
Hydrostatic Head Example:
Hydrostatic head is the weight of the fluid in the vertical length of Determine the pressure drop for fresh water at 1.0 bpm in 1.25” OD x
the tubing in the well bore. This “head” helps push the fluid ahead of 0.125” wall thickness tubing:
itself against the friction pressure drop. In effect, the head reduces the
Step 1: Determine the Reynolds Number
friction pressure drop, or combines with the pumping pressure.
Using the Fluid Properties Chart and Equation 40:
∆H1000 = 6.944 × ρ
(2,125.7 × Q × ρ)
Equation 39 Hydrostatic head Re =
d×v
Where:
• ∆H1000 = pressure differential assisting the pumping pressure, in psi per 1,000 feet. (2,125.7 × 1.0 × 62.31)
• ρ = fluid density in lb/ft 3 Re =
1.000 × .9784
Reynolds Number Re = 135,376
(2,125.7 × Q × ρ) With this Reynolds number, the fluid flow is turbulent.
Re =
d×v
Equation 40 Reynolds number Step 2: Determine the friction factor
As fluid flow is turbulent (Re > 4000), use Equation 42 in order to
Where:
• Re = the Reynolds number determine f.
• Q = the flow rate in barrels per minute (bpm)
• ρ = the density of the flowing fluid in lb/ft 3 First the factors A and B must be determined. Using an effective surface
• d = the inner diameter of the tubing in inches (in.) roughness of 0.0018”:
• v = the viscosity of the fluid in centipoise (cp)
( )
16
1
NOTE: For density and viscosity values of commonly pumped fluids, refer A = 2.457 × ln (7/Re) + 0.27 ε/D
0.9
to the table at the end of this section.
For Reynolds numbers less than 4,000, fluid flow is generally said to be
( )
16
laminar. Reynolds number greater than 4,000, for practical purposes,
A = 2.457 × ln 1
fluid flow is considered turbulent (a transition region that falls within a (7/135,376)0.9 + 0.27 (.0018/1)
narrow band of Reynolds numbers is often ignored).
Friction Factor A = 1.360 × 1020

The amount of friction a fluid develops is dynamic depending on its And
flow rate for a given size tubing.
( )
16
For laminar flow conditions: B= 37,530
Re
3.16
f=
Re1/4 B = 1.217 × 10 -9
Equation 41 Friction factor for laminar flow
For turbulent flow conditions: And
( )( ) ( )( )
12 1/12
12 1/12
8 1 8 1
f=8× + f=8× + (A + B)3/2
Re (A + B)3/2 Re
Equation 42 Friction factor for turbulent flow
( )( )
12 1/12
8 1
Where: f=8× +
135,376 1.360 × 1020 + 1.217 × 10 -9)3/2
( )
16
1
• A = 2.457 × ln
(7/Re)0.9 + 0.27 ε/D
f = 0.02434
( ) Step 3: Calculate the pressure drop

16
37,530
• B=
Re
Q2
Determining Pressure Drop ∆P1000 = 380.9 × ρ × f × in psi
D5
The amount of pressure drop per 1,000 feet is:
12
Q2 ∆P1000 = 380.9 ×62.31 × 0.02434 × in psi
∆P1000 = 380.9 × ρ × f × in psi 15
D 5
∆P1000 = 578 psi
Equation 43 Pressure drop equation
40
To determine the total pressure drop for the length of the string,
multiply ∆P1000 by the total string length in thousands of feet.
Example
For fresh water pumped in the string from the above example that is
12,000 feet in length with 8,000 feet downhole:
∆P = 12 x 578 = 6,936 psi
The hydrostatic head is:
∆H = 6.944 × 62.31 = 433 (psi per 1,000 feet)
The total hydrostatic head is:
∆H = 433 × 8 = 3,461 psi
Therefore, the total pressure drop at 1.0 pbm is:
6,936 - 3,461 = 3,472 psi
Fluid Properties of Common Oilfield Fluids
Fluid Density (ρ), lbs./ft 3 Viscosity (v), centipoise
Fresh Water 62.31 0.9784
10 ppg Brine 74.81 2.30
15% HCl 66.97 1.95
Diesel 51.72 1.62
Figure 14
Fluid Properties Chart
41
Section 9: Welding Technology
Introduction
Coiled tubing is a unique product because it is designed to retain
pressure during and after undergoing low-cycle fatigue cycling. It often
becomes necessary to place tube-to-tube welds into sections of coiled
tubing which also must be capable of withstanding low-cycle fatigue
cycling while providing continued pressure containment.
In order to assure that the weld will provide the desired result in the
field, a systematic approach to making good welds repeatedly must be
adhered to. This systematic approach must consider each individual
phase of the system.
• Qualified welding procedure

• Qualified welder
• Tubing condition at time of welding and weld preparation
• Welding environmental conditions
• Welding techniques
• Weld finishing and inspection
This section will review the considerations for each individual phase of a
well-planned coiled tubing welding system. Because every location and
situation is different, not all comments included here will necessarily be
applicable all the time or at every location.
42
Qualified Welding Procedure Once qualified, a welder must maintain proficiency. Because of the
Welding procedures are a written document containing welding unique skills and techniques required to weld coiled tubing, continuous
procedure specifications (WPS) that provide the work instructions to the practice of these specialized skills is generally necessary to assure
welder on how to make a weld. To assure the procedure is capable of acceptable performance. Most coiled tubing welders maintain
making a sound weld, it is tested to verify that welds made will adhere proficiency by regularly making welds on coiled tubing and logging
to specific mechanical property and inspection quality requirements. their activity. Welders making welds routinely inspected by radiography
A separate WPS is required for each distinct grade of coiled tubing and need not re-qualify on periodic timetables. All these welds are
they may be limited in application by code requirements. Procedures nondestructively tested to requirements in excess of code qualification
are unique to the specific company or location performing the welding. requirements. This combined with monitoring field performance can
The practices used and consumables employed are dependent on assure welder proficiency is maintained.
many factors, so “one size fits all” welding procedures are impractical,
Tubing Condition at Time of Welding and Weld Preparation
if not impossible. Therefore, it is difficult to determine if a procedure is
Coiled tubing is new on the day it is made. From this point on it
correct just by reading it. Typical procedures reported in the literature
undergoes physical, dimensional and mechanical property changes
or WPS for a specific grade from various material suppliers may provide
each time it is spooled. Coiled tubing strings undergo strain softening
guides when preparing procedures. Each company must develop and
due to repeated application of stress in the plastic region during coiling
document its own procedure prior to welding.
operations. Used tubing exhibits strength properties lower than those
The decisions leading to selection of welding variables which have of new tubing. Studies have shown that welding procedures developed
produced acceptable results for a WPS are reviewed in the welding for new tubing can also supply adequate mechanical properties on
technology section of this document. used tubing.
New or revised welding procedures are tested, both mechanically and Welds in used tubing lead to additional challenges. Tubing can become
nondestructively, to prove they will result in a sound weld. The results deformed, typically oval in cross-section, as a result of spooling and
of these tests are recorded on a document supporting the procedure, spooling with internal pressure. This presents alignment problems
called the Procedure Qualification Record (PQR). Coiled tubing during fit up. If mismatch is allowed it could generate potential stress-
undergoes physical deformation in the plastic regime while retaining risers while in service. Used tubing can contain residues of produced
pressure during normal operations. Most industry design and welding well fluids, injected fluids, inclusive of acids or water trapped in surface
specifications or standards do not encounter this level of deformation in oxides or pits. Tubing which contained wireline or other galvanized
welded joints. Consequently, the level of qualification and inspection of coated material may be zinc coated. Any of these could contaminate
each weld made in coiled tubing must be, of necessity, in excess of most the weld if not properly removed before welding. Used tubing can be
accepted national standards organizations, such as ASME requirements magnetized, requiring demagnetizing or magnetic countermeasures
and acceptance criteria. Liquid penetrant and radiography are to be employed to prevent magnetic arc deflection during welding.
imposed on the as-welded joint to identify any potential problems Trained and proficient welders recognize these potential problems and
before mechanical testing is started. Nondestructive acceptance take preventive action to preclude their becoming a cause for a weld
criteria are established at the limit of detection for the method being imperfection.
employed due to the limited critical flaw size for plastically deforming
Preparation for welding is vital to good finished welds and coiled tubing
coiled tubing. To assure the procedure does not create detrimental
performance. The tubing must be aligned so the weld will pass through
phases to achieve the strength requirement, the weld is sectioned,
injectors and over guide arches without imparting unnecessary stress
metallographically inspected, and the hardness in the weld’s heat
to the tubing. The internal and external surfaces must be clean to
affected zone and base metal are verified.
prevent contamination of the weld. The tubing seam weld internal flash
Qualified Welder must be removed to prevent entrapment. Both the internal cleaning
Welders must demonstrate competency by passing a performance and flash removal must be done without leaving circumferential
qualification test before they can perform production welds. This test grinding marks that could result in stress risers. External chill blocks
verifies they are capable of following the written WPS and producing must be applied to the tube before welding to remove heat from the
the same results obtained while testing the WPS. Before taking the base metal. If the excess heat is not removed properly the heat-affected
qualification test, welders are trained in the specific skills required zone could experience excessive grain growth and loss of mechanical
to weld coiled tubing. Experience has shown many welders qualified properties.
in other welding disciplines, including pipe fitters, may not make
Welding Environmental Conditions
good coiled tubing welders. A welder qualification record defined by
Welds can be made at the factory or at service centers in nearly ideal
a specification like ASME Section IX is used to document the welding
environments. Welds made at service company’s district yards, at
and testing. Welders qualifying to weld coiled tubing are tested more
field camps, outside operations and on site operations, can present
stringently than code requirements. Both nondestructive examination
far less than ideal welding environments. Welds made in non-ideal
and mechanical testing are employed. The weld, heat affected zone and
environments may necessitate having a safety factor or mechanical
hardness of the base metal are verified.
property derating applied to the tubing. This derating should be
43
considered independently from fatigue derating (if any) and only on the root of the bevel. Featheredges are easier to prepare by hand
to the section as defined by coiled tubing management program grinding, which may be the only option in some locations. Consistent
containing the tube-to-tube weld. The magnitude of any derating is the lands are best prepared by weld beveling tools, but can be made by
responsibility of the coiled tubing user. experienced hand grinding operators.
The tube-to-tube welds made in less than ideal environments should “J” and “U” bevels must be prepared by weld beveling machines. They
be removed at the earliest opportunity and replaced by a tube-to-tube are used to reduce the amount of filler metal required in a weld groove.
weld made in a near ideal environment. The replacement weld should In coiled tubing welding of thicker and higher strength materials the
be capable of carrying all intended loads of the parent tubing. dilution of too much filler metal can have an adverse influence on the
mechanical properties of the welded joint.
Weld Finishing and Inspection
After welding, the weld crown required to prevent weld bead cracking Square bevels have been used for relatively thin wall coiled tubing and
must be removed to allow the tubing to pass through the injector are normally welded autogenously (without filler metal additions).
blocks. Removal is done carefully with tools which do not leave These joints are no longer recommended for welding coiled tubing.
circumferential scars to a diameter several thousandths of an inch These close fit joints have no root spacing and the base metal provides
above the tubing wall. This is adequate to pass through the injectors the metal for the weldment. Weld penetration to fuse the inner root
while not risking material loss in the surrounding tubing wall. must be carefully controlled and may be limited by the maximum
welding amperage.
After cooling to ambient temperature, the weld is dimensionally
inspected to assure it meets all tubing requirements for diameter and Without filler metal the bead can be concave, which can in turn, lead to
ovality. The weld is liquid penetrant inspected, with special attention weld cracking.
to the weld centerline and fusion lines where defects detectable by
Weld joint preparation requires removal of internal flash from the weld
this method are likely to occur. The weld, heat affected zone and base
area, if present. If left in place the flash could create an artificial heat
metal are hardness checked to assure no hard or excessively soft areas
sink or source for weld contamination, effecting welding characteristics
are present. Radiography is then used to volumetrically inspect the
and quality. Joint preparation must leave the weld joint within tubing
weld and surrounding area. The acceptance criteria are established at
tolerances while not creating any local stress risers, such as visible
the limit of detection for the smallest visible hole or wire listed in the
to the naked eye, circumferential grinding marks, which could affect
ASME code for the thickness being radiographed. Welds passing the
finished fatigue and mechanical properties.
inspection acceptance criteria are released for use and their location
in the coiled tubing string is documented in the string management Base Metals
records, allowing monitoring of the weld during coiled tubing Coiled tubing grades are predominately made from high strength low
operations. alloy strip, like coiling operations. The tubing manufacture process
forms the tubing, seam anneals, stress relieves and spools this material,
CTES, L. C., Slimhole and Coiled Tubing Standards Phase 1 – Weld
making each grade of coiled tubing a unique base material. This
Technology, Gas Research Institute Drilling and Completion Group Final
generally leads to the requirement that each separate grade of coiled
Report GRI-95.0500.1
tubing requires separate procedure and qualification.
Van Arnam, W. D. & Smith, D. Good Tubing Welds, Properly Managed, Do
Much welding is performed on tubing that has been used. Provisions
Not Break, SPE Paper 60694
must be made to handle residual bending, ovality, diameter and wall
Review of Welding Parameters for Coiled Tubing thickness differences in fitting up the tubing for welding. Contingency
There are a number of manual GTAW welding procedures, documented plans for handling contaminated, corroded or magnetized tubing
in the literature, as being successful in welding coiled tubing. The should be in place as well.
following is a discussion of the individual welding variables considered
Filler Metals
important to preparation of a welding procedure.
There are no known filler metals with chemistry and welded mechanical
Welding Joint property results matching coiled tubing grades. Filler metals must be
Several joint designs have been used on coiled tubing. They include selected from the available commercial grades primarily designed for
double “V” grooves, with and without a land, “J” and “U” bevels and welding carbon and low alloy steels. Generally, AWS A5.18 ER70S-2 or
occasionally the square butt joint. ER70S-6 filler metals are used for grades up to and including QT-900.
Though listed as having comparable mechanical properties to coiled
“V” grooves employ bevel angles to allow introduction of filler metals
tubing grades, many ER80X-X and ER90X-X grades contain chromium or
and distribute welding stresses developed due to thermal contraction
other elements not recommended. These filler metals are hardenable
of the weld bead. Included angles in the bevel can vary from 30° to as
during air-cooling from welding temperatures and require preheat and
much as 90°, dependent on local needs. Studies on piping components
or post weld heat treatment to control hardness and cracking. These
have shown that 37½° ± 2½° per side or 75° included angles distribute
thermal treatments are capable of severely reducing the strength of the
these stresses and minimize distortion in tubing welds effectively. “V”
surrounding coiled tubing base metal. AWS A5.28 ER120-S-1 is normally
grooves may have featheredges of 1/16” to 1/8” root faces or lands
44
used for joining QT-1000. much thicker welds and highly restrained weld joints. Today’s coiled
tubing wall thickness and weld fixturing allow more latitude. Coiled
In most cases the filler metal is “under matched” to the base metal. This
tubing grades, primarily due to their high strength, low alloy and fine
means it contains fewer alloying elements, which will not develop the
grain structure appear more tolerant to welding without preheat than
same welded strength as the material being welded. To compensate for
their low alloy counterparts with comparable carbon equivalents.
the under match, dilution of the base metal chemistry and reproduction
of the grain size are important to the finished weldment properties. Post Weld Heat Treatment
Precautions must be taken to assure the filler metal does not create Existing procedures do not utilize post weld heat treatment. Welding
a deposit of under matched filler metal large enough to create a weak procedures developed have shown the mechanical properties and base
zone in an otherwise uniform, strong coiled tubing string. material hardness requirements can be met without thermal treatment
after welding.
Filler metal sizes or GTAW rods are normally 1/32” (.794 mm) to 3/32”
(2.38 mm), based on the thickness of the bead and welder control Gas
required. 1/16” (1.59 mm) diameter filler metal is most often used. The shielding gas will usually be welding grade argon or a mixture of
75% helium and 25% argon. It is important that the gas be welding
Positions
grade or better to assure it is not contaminated with elements such as
Most procedures are developed in the ASME Section IX defined 5G
oxygen. Since the shielding gas protects the tungsten electrode and
position with the tubing horizontal. This requires the weld bead to start
weld puddle from high temperature oxidation, the purity is important.
at the bottom of the weld joint and progress upward. Welds made in
the factory, service center base camps and even field locations are The selection of welding gas may first be dictated by availability,
made in this position. Occasionally there are requirements for welds particularly in remote locations. Argon tends to have a cooler welding
to be made in the 2G position with the pipe vertical. In ASME Section IX arc with less penetrating power than helium. Mixed gases of argon and
qualifications, both welding procedures and welders qualified to weld helium will tend to have hotter arcs and more penetrating power as the
tubing in the horizontal (5G) position qualify to weld with the tubing concentration of helium increases. A second benefit is helium, being
in the vertical (2G) position, but not vice versa. Field experience has lighter than air, tends to rise from the torch flow, while argon, being
indicated the same is true for coiled tubing qualifications. heavier than air, tends to fall. Mixed gases entering the inside diameter
of the tubing are believed to provide better overall protection of the
Normally, coiled tubing can be set up in either the horizontal or vertical
root when backing gases are not used.
position and the ASME qualifications allow the set up to be as much
as 15° off true horizontal or vertical using the same procedure. In the Gas flow rates are important to provide continuous shielding of the
unlikely event the tubing must be welded with the tubing between 15° weld pool. The minimum flow rate must protect the weld pool, while
and 75° of true horizontal or vertical; ASME Section IX requires separate overcoming disruptive influences of arc heating or cross drafts. If the
qualifications be performed with the tubing oriented at 45° from the flow rate is too high, the gas flow can become turbulent and inspire
horizontal or vertical (6G position). If performed, the qualification in 45° air with its oxygen to the weld pool. To allow higher flow rates, gas
(6G) position, then qualifies the procedure or welder for the horizontal lenses are used in the torch nozzle to keep flow laminar at higher flow
(5G) and vertical (2G) positions also. rates. Flow rates should be measured with a flow meter calibrated for
the molecular weight of the shielding gas. The difference in molecular
Preheat
weight between helium and argon means the flow rates required to
Coiled tubing is made from high strength, low alloy steels designed to
provide equivalent protection for helium are normally higher than for
be welded without preheat to prevent thermal cracking. Experience
argon.
has shown preheating existing coiled tubing grades can reduce the
mechanical properties of the heat-affected zone. In fact, the use of chill An important step in assuring the effectiveness of shielding gas is the
blocks to remove heat and preserve properties is well established in protection of the welding area form strong cross drafts. When welding
welding all grades of coiled tubing. To assure mechanical properties in in exposed areas, it is often necessary to employ barriers to wind flow.
thicker walls, requiring multi-pass welds, it may be necessary to provide Area or cooling fans should be turned off during the time actual welding
auxiliary cooling to the chill blocks between passes. There have been is performed. The welding shielding cannot compromise the safety of
no reported incidences of weld cracking due to lack of preheat. the welder and the quality of his breathable air.
Heat may be applied to drive off absorbed surface moisture from Electrical Characteristics
sources including overnight condensation or contaminates carried The GTAW process uses direct current, straight polarity in the welding
by used tubing. When this is done, it is advisable to cool the joint to arc. This makes the tungsten electrode negative in the circuit.
approach ambient temperature before making the weld.
The tungsten electrode is normally 3/32” (2.38 mm) diameter 2%
Historically carbon equivalent equations have been used to predict the thoriated tungsten. The electrode is ground to a point with a controlled
need for preheat in carbon and low alloy weldments. The chemistries of included angle, typically 60°. The tip is then truncated, with a small flat
the higher strength grades of coiled tubing suggest preheat should be place on the end of the point to prevent the tip melting off into the weld
employed. The carbon equivalent equations were developed to include puddle.
45
Section 10: Standard Spool Capacity Chart
The following charts describe the spool dimensions, spool and tube Warning
weights and tubing lengths Quality Tubing provides. Please note that Exceeding recommended capacity and weight limits could result in
estimated quantities may vary. damage to spool and product.
Spool Dimensions Conversions

Standard Wood Spools Metric conversions are made from US units using 2.54 cm = 1 in., 2.205
in (cm)
Diameter (a) 112 (284) 120 (305) 135 (343) 154 (391) lbf = 1 kg. Masses (weights) are rounded to the nearest 5 kg.
Hub 4 (10) 4 (10) 4 (10) 4 (10)
Core (b) 72 (183) 72 (183) 82 (208) 98 (249) XC = Export Crate: added wooden protection
IW (c) 60 (152) 60 (152) 65 (165) 65 (165)
OW (d) 70 (179) 70 (179) 75 (191) 75 (191)
Standard Metal Spools

in (cm)
Diameter (a) 120 (305) 140 (356) 158 (401) 158 (401) 180 (457) 180 (457)
Hub 6 (15.2) 6 (15) 6 (15) 6 (15) 6 (15) 6 (15)
Core (b) 72 (183) 82 (208) 98 (249) 95 (241) 112 (284) 130 (330)
IW (c) 71 (180) 87 (210) 71 (180) 87 (210) 87 (210) 87 (210)
OW (d) 80 (203) 96 (249) 80 (203) 96 (249) 96 (249) 96 (249)
(2
10 cm
Weights
5.4
” )
Standard Wood Spools b
lb (kg)
Diameter (a) 112 (284) 120 (305) 135 (343) 154 (391)
Core (b) 72 (183) 72 (183) 82 (208) 98 (249)
4.125” ID
a
Spool Weight 3,050 (1,380) 3,350 (1,520) 4,200 (1,900) 5,550 (2,520)
XC Weight 700 (320) 750 (340) 850 (390) 970 (440) (10.2 cm)
Total Weight 3,750 (1,700) 4,100 (1,860) 5050 (2,290) 6,520 (2,960) 2.225” ID
(5.65 cm)
Standard Metal Spools c

lb (kg)
Diameter (a) 120 (305) 140 (356) 158 (401) 158 (401) 180 (457) 180 (457)
Core (b) 72 (183) 82 (208) 98 (249) 95 (241) 112 (284) 130 (330)
Spool Weight 5,350 (2,420) 6,500 (2,950) 8,350 (3,790) 8,850 (4,000) 9,300 9,800 (4,220)
d
XC Weight 750 (340) 750 (340) 750 (340) 750 (340) 900 (410) 900 (410)
Total Weight 5,950 (2,700) 7,250 9,100 9,600 (3,290) 10,200 (4,630) 10,700 (4,850)
Tubing Lengths
Standard Wood Spools
in (cm)
Diameter (a) 112 (284) 120 (305) 135 (343) 154 (391)
Core (b) 72 (183) 72 (183) 82 (208) 98 (249)
3/4” (19 mm) 45,200 (13,800) 56,900 (17,300)
1” (25.4 mm) 25,500 (7,800) 32,500 (9,900) 43,300 (13,200) 55,000 (16,800)
1 1/4” (31.5 mm) 15,800 (4,800) 20,000 (6,100) 27,400 (8,400) 33,500 (10,200)
1 1/2” (38.1 mm) 11,300 (3,400) 13,600 (4,100) 19,100 (5,800) 23,600 (7,200)
1 3/4” (44.5 mm) 14,500 (4,400) 16,600 (5,100)
2” (50.8 mm) 13,500 (4,100)
Standard Metal Spools

in (cm)
6.000” ID
Diameter (a) 120 (305) 140 (356) 158 (401) 158 (401) 180 (457) 180 (457) (15.2 cm)
Core (b) 72 (183) 82 (208) 98 (249) 95 (241) 112 (284) 130 (330)
1” (25.4 mm) 38,400 (17,400) 67,000 (30,400)
1 1/4” (31.5 mm) 23,200 (10,500) 41,000 (18,600)
1 1/2” (38.1 mm) 16,000 (7,300) 29,800 (13,500) 37,100 (16,800) 35,600 (16,200) 45,800 (20,800) 34,700 (15,700)
1 3/4” (44.5 mm) 20,800 (9,500) 26,600 (12,000) 25,200 (11,500) 33,100 (15,000) 25,500 (11,600)
2” (50.8 mm) 20,600 (9,300) 19,400 (8,800) 26,000 (11,800) 18,800 (8,500)
2 3∕8” (60.3 mm) 14,000 (6,400) 17,500 (7,900) 12,800 (5,800)
2 5∕8” (66.7 mm) 14,900 (6,700) 14,900 (6,800)
2 7∕8” (73.0 mm) 12,400 (5,600) 9,600 (4,400)
3 1/2” (88.9 mm) 5,700 (2,600)
Length Figure 15
All lengths were calculated in CerberusTM with a 2” (5 cm) freeboard or Standard spools
listed based on actual experience and round. Letters a-d specify same dimensions on metal spool as on wood spool
NOTE: Shaded dark gray boxes indicate a core dimension not

recommended for that tube size.
Trailer Heights
• 60” (152.4 cm) Float
• 40” (101.6 cm) Single drop/lowboy
• 32” (81.3 cm) Low profile lowboy
• 22” (55.9 cm) Double drop
46
Section 11: Service Center Operations
Quality Tubing is more than just a manufacturer of coiled tubing, ID Scale/Dirt/Corrosion By-Product Removal
but your partner through the entire process. We service the industry In this operation, the bore of the tube is washed with high-pressure
with our growing network of service centers, supporting your global water or brushed with a “hippo” pig. Scale, dirt and corrosion by-
operations. Our regional service centers are stocked with finished products may be removed during this process.
goods, reducing downtime for your projects around the world.
Wireline Operations
Quality Tubing’s standards and specifications are upheld at our service Wireline Removal
centers. This system assures that customers will receive the same level When a string containing a wireline is to be stored for any period of
of quality and service as they do from the Houston facility, while having time, it is appropriate to remove the wireline, inspect it and protect both
a quicker response time in receiving the service. The strategic locations the string and the wireline. We have developed special methods for
of the service centers permits customers outside of the United States to wireline removal. Upon customer request, wireline may be inspected
perform regular maintenance on their strings, which can extend the life for continuity and shorts.
expectancy and detect any possible damaged or highly-fatigued areas
Wireline Insertion
of the string.
Wireline is inserted into a string and the continuity of each strand is
These satellite service centers perform a variety of operations, including checked. Wireline is generally inserted by the fluid-pumping method,
spooling, cleaning and wireline operations. in which the line is fed into the tubing via a fast-flowing fluid. Inclusion
of an electric cable inside a coiled tubing string has advanced the
development of a new generation of applications. This has allowed
many procedures previously performed by electric line to be coupled
with the capabilities of coiled tubing, such as:
• Extended reach well access
• Production and open hole logging
• Well perforating
• Circulating while logging
• Downhole video camera
• Well treatment
For wireline operations, the installed cable is currently standard cable.

Most logging service applications require only a mono-cable, but many
other wireline operations, such as formation evaluation logs, formation
micro-scanners and video cameras, require the use of multi-conductor
and coaxial cables.
Sufficient “slack” must be allowed to prevent cables from coming under

tension during downhole operations. Wireline inspections verify both
Figure 16 electrical continuity and insulation integrity.
Spooling operation at Coil Services (North Sea) Ltd. (Aberdeen, Scotland)
Spooling Nondestructive Inspection of Tubing

Coiled tubing frequently needs to be returned for respooling. Quality Two forms of NDE may be performed on the tube body. First, full-
Tubing’s service technicians will re-spool tubing according to body electromagnetic inspection determines wall thickness changes
documented procedures, laying the tubing carefully and correctly next caused by corrosion, general and/or pitting, or erosion, and determines
to the preceding wrap, maximizing the amount of tubing on a reel. dimensional changes caused by necking, ballooning, ovality, the
Respooling affords an opportunity to perform many of the functions, presence of longitudinal splits or gouges, and the detection of heavily
such as those listed below. cycled areas. In the second form, an OD visual and dimensional
inspection of the tube is performed at specified intervals, for the
Cleaning purpose of detecting outer surface problems.
Various types of cleaning operations are often performed in conjunction
with respooling. Full Body Electromagnetic Inspection
Quality Tubing will inspect the full volume of the steel of the string with
OD Scale/Dirt/Corrosion By-Product Removal electromagnetic methods. The techniques used in Quality Tubing’s NDE
The entire outer surface of the tubing is brushed to remove scale, dirt inspection include:
and corrosion by-products.
Wall Thickness Measurement
NOTE: Quality Tubing will not perform any work on strings which have A ring of solid-state sensors is employed to magnetically measure
been contaminated by Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (N.O.R.M.) the wall thickness immediately below the sensor as the tube passes
(See Section 5). through the ring. The instrument then calculates the maximum and
47
minimum wall thicknesses at all points along the tubing, displays them • A permanent inspection summary of the location and type of
and stores the data for future use. This procedure detects areas of imperfections will be provided.
low wall thickness from corrosion and erosion, areas of wear caused • It should be noted that if strip bias welds have been manufactured such
by rubbing against the side of the well and flaw removal areas. The that they exhibit no magnetic flus leakage, the inspection unit will not
wall thickness readings can occasionally be checked with a suitably detect them.
calibrated compression-wave ultrasonic instrument to insure the Visual and Dimensional Inspection
accuracy of the electromagnetic equipment. Outer diameter and wall thickness checks are made at intervals that
Detection of Corrosion Pits and Gouges are to be determined between the string owner and the service center.
The magnetic flux leakage signals from such flaws are collected by a These random checks are made with calibrated micrometers and
second ring of solid state sensors and the largest of them is displayed compression wave ultrasonic equipment. Outer surface imperfection
on a moving chart. The amplitude is also fed to a fold-out moving depth is also measured. A report is provided which shows the outer
map of the tubing, so that the location of the imperfection signal can diameter, wall thickness and general level of outer surface tube damage
be readily determined. All the signals from the sensor ring can also at the locations at which the inspection takes place.
be viewed and are all stored. The signals may be recalled for post- NOTE: There is no guarantee with this form of inspection that detrimental
inspection processing. The inspector can also assess the local degree imperfections will be detected.
of damage by subsequent mechanical, ultrasonic, or radiographic
prove-up methods. Hydrostatic Testing
Quality Tubing performs hydrostatic testing after each job, set of
Measurement of Diameter Changes jobs, long-term storage or adding a tube-to-tube weld. Such testing,
Eddy current lift-off sensors measure the distance to the tube surface performed with treated water and the subsequent flushing, will also
with respect to a standard distance as the coiled tubing passes through remove scale and corrosion by-products. While a pressure of 5 kpsi is
the inspection head. Measurements above and below the standard often used as a standard, the pressure test value and duration should
distance are displayed and stored. These signals permit the detection be discussed with the service center manager during contract review.
and subsequent measurement of necking, ballooning and ovality.
Repair
Ovality Full body inspection of coiled tubing, and localized failures have shown
Ovality can be computed by either of the following equations: that there is a need for controlled repair of coiled tubing strings.
(Dmax- Dmin) Such repair often comprises removal of a section of the tubing and its
θ= replacement by a new section of similar length, with the addition of a
Dspecified tube-to-tube weld. In some areas, adding a new tail of the same grade
(Dmax- Dmin) to the tubing has proven to be effective in maintaining string length
θ=2 when the bottom end corrodes. Replacement of the bed wrap has also
(Dmax+ Dmin)
been performed when heavily corroded.
Where: Quality Tubing personnel, in conjunction with the owner, will determine
• Dmax = maximum measured diameter how much of the tubing is to be removed from the string, and we will
• Dmin = minimum measured diameter either add a new section of like grade or will join the remaining sections
• Dspecified = specified diameter for new tubing with a tube-to-tube weld.
The instrument presents maximum and minimum diameters and Where tube-to-tube welds are required, Quality Tubing will perform the
calculated ovality in real time using one of the above formulae. weld to established Quality Tubing procedures. We also perform tube-
Detection of Heavily Cycled Areas to-tube welds to customer welding specifications if agreed to by both
With higher strength tubing, the detection of heavily cycled areas is not parties prior to the commencement of any welding. In order to provide
always possible via ovality measurement, and with the tubing stretching protection against variable outside conditions, a welding habitat has
over its lifetime, rig records may cease to be accurate. The eddy current been developed which enables the welder to weld in a controlled
system, being responsive to changes in the electrical conductivity of atmosphere.
the tubing, locates the beginning and end of highly cycled areas as they Tube-to-Tube Weld Nondestructive Testing
pass through the inspection head. Quality Tubing tests welds nondestructively with radiographic, liquid
The pertinent data are either stored in the inspection equipment’s dye penetrant inspection and ultrasonic inspection to approved
computer or may be placed on disc. Thus, records of signals collected in procedures. Unless otherwise agreed, the quality level of each NDE
the above inspections are available for further or future analysis by the inspection will be that which meets Quality Tubing internal procedures.
customer, or by service center inspectors. NDE testing to procedures other than those agreed by the Quality
Tubing Level III must be agreed with the Quality Tubing Level III prior to
performance of any inspection.
48
Corrosion Protection
One of the most serious problems associated with prolonging the life
of coiled tubing is to protect it from corrosion. Both surfaces are prone
to corrosion, often for different reasons. We have developed corrosion-
resistant coatings for both surfaces.
External Corrosion Inhibitor

The simplest way of prolonging life is to eliminate external corrosion.
Quality Tubing protects the outside surface of the entire string in
association with other services. Upon request, we will additionally
protect the bed-wrap against atmospheric corrosion with a thick layer
of material.
Internal Corrosion Inhibitor

After cleaning the ID with cleaning pigs and running wiper balls,
corrosion inhibitor is applied. This inhibitor is blown through the tubing
and settles on the inside walls.
Nitrogen Purge and Backfill

One well-established method for internal corrosion mitigation is to
wipe the inside surface of the tubing in order to remove as much fluid
as practicable, and to purge the air from the tubing, replacing it with
N2. A slight positive pressure of N2 inside the tube is then maintained
by capping the tube ends with Posi-Plugs. This effectively isolates the
internal environment of the tubing and minimizes the amount of oxygen
available for corrosion. Storage of reels of coiled tubing for long periods
should always include this protective procedure.
Offshore Technical Assistance and Repair Service

Quality Tubing welders and inspectors perform tube-to-tube welds
on coiled tubing in offshore locations and will inspect these welds.
Both the welding and the inspection are performed to Quality Tubing
specifications, unless otherwise agreed. X-radiography or other
NDE will require the services of an approved third-party inspection
company.
Performance of these services to customer requirements must be

agreed prior to the commencement of any work.
49
Section 12: Standard Terms and Warranty
Terms Warranty Statement

Unless otherwise specified, standard payment terms are net 30 days Quality Tubing warranties that the materials, services and equipment
from the invoice date. furnished conform to the plans, drawings and specifications and
technical information provided by the customer to Quality Tubing (to
Invoicing
the extent accepted in writing by Quality Tubing) and that the materials,
All orders will be invoiced at the time of shipment from Quality
workmanship and equipment furnished shall be free from defects and
Tubing’s manufacturing facility unless otherwise specified on the order
of the best quality subject to Quality Tubing’s standard manufacturing
confirmation. Any order produced and not shipped within 30 days of the
variations and written procedures within its quality system. THERE
production date or the promised delivery date, whichever is later, will
ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING,
be invoiced and payable in accordance with Standard Terms.
WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MECHANTABILITY
Payments AND/OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
All US payments are to be in US dollars and are payable to Quality PURPOSE.
Tubing.
Quality Tubing expressly denies any responsibility for damage to
All international payments are to be in US dollars by wire transfer to products sold hereunder which (a) occurs while being placed in service,
Quality Tubing unless otherwise stated in the order confirmation. Wire (b) which is caused by such conditions as tensile overload, fatigue
transfer fees will be to the account of the customer or record. damage, external and internal pitting and other forms of corrosion
which are attributable to in-service use, or (c) ovality and ballooning
Any outstanding balance at the end of the agreed terms shall bear
induced during use.
interest at the rate of 1.5% per month, plus any and all cost incurred to
collect. The Customer’s remedies with respect to any claim arising out of an
order or Quality Tubing’s performance in connection therewith will be
Shipping Tolerance
limited exclusively to the right of repair or replacement of such goods or
All orders are produced to a 0 - 2% footage tolerance and all material
to repayment of the purchase price thereof, at Quality Tubing’s option.
shipped within this tolerance will be invoiced.
IN NO EVENT WILL Quality Tubing BE LIABLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL
Cancellation OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY LOSS
Any order produced to a customer purchase order (written or verbal) OF ANTICIPATED PROFITS) INCURRED BY THE CUSTOMER.
may not be cancelled once the order is produced. Quality Tubing may
accept a cancellation on a case-by-case basis. If a cancellation is
accepted, the order will be subject to a 10% restocking charge.
Used Tubing Storage

The minimum storage charge and hydrostatic pressure test will be
billed when the tubing is initially stored. Monthly storage charges will
be billed on a monthly basis.
50

Technical Manual Quality Tubing PDF

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Technical Manual

Quality Tubing Products

Section 2: Design, Manufacturing, Testing and Quality............................................................................................................................................................................2

Section 3: Standard Product Specifications and Dimensions.................................................................................................................................................................5

QT-700 Technical Data Sheet....................................................................................................................................................................................................................6

QT-800 Technical Data Sheet....................................................................................................................................................................................................................8

QT-900 Technical Data Sheet..................................................................................................................................................................................................................10

QT-1000 Technical Data Sheet................................................................................................................................................................................................................12

QT-1100 Technical Data Sheet................................................................................................................................................................................................................14

QT-1300 Technical Data Sheet................................................................................................................................................................................................................16

HO-70 Technical Data Sheet....................................................................................................................................................................................................................18

Section 4: Special Product: QT-16Cr Coiled Tubing..................................................................................................................................................................................25

Section 5: Standard Services, Shipping, Product Development and Quality....................................................................................................................................26

Section 6: General Engineering Information.............................................................................................................................................................................................29

Section 7: Collapse Pressure.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................35

Section 8: Friction Pressure Drop.................................................................................................................................................................................................................39

Section 9: Welding Technology....................................................................................................................................................................................................................42

Section 10: Standard Spool Capacity Chart..............................................................................................................................................................................................46

Section 11: Service Center Operations.......................................................................................................................................................................................................47

Section 12: Standard Terms and Warranty................................................................................................................................................................................................50

Bias Weld of Flat Strips

Weld Flash Removal

Quality Laboratory Testing

Standard Product List

Standard product requirements include the following:

Standard products include the following:

All other products are non-standard.

Notes for Following Tables

Ordering Information for Standard Products

Calculated from the formula:

Maximum Hardness 22 HRC

Calculated from the formula:

Maximum Hardness 28 HRC

Calculated from the formula:

Maximum Hardness 30 HRC

Maximum Hardness 39 HRC

Calculated from the formula:

Maximum Hardness 22 HRC

5. The calculated inside diameter (d) is equal to the specified outside

6. The theoretical plain end mass in US customary units is based

• The maximum remaining flash height is 0.020” (0.5 mm).

• Completion and production installation strings requiring plunger lift, swab

tubing. HO-70 0.004” 0.004”

As supplied, QT-16Cr may contain tube-to-tube welds. This material is

Standard Services Freeze-Proofing

Certification and Documentation

Wireline Installation The certificate meets the requirements of BS EN 10204.

Policy on Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (N.O.R.M.)

Prior to returning strings to an Quality Tubing facility or service center,

Additional guidance on N.O.R.M. can be found in API Bulletin E2 [Bulletin

This section contains the following:

SMYS × D4 – d4 Plain End Mass (mpe) (Equation 8)

Equation 12 Torsional yield strength mpe = 10.69 × (1.250 – 0.125) × 0.125

Where: mpe = 1.503 lb/ft

SMYSM = 0.00689476 × SMYS

Flow Area (AID) (Equation 13) 1lb/ft = 1.135582 N/m

AID = π × Values in tables rounded to the nearest 10 N/m

AID = 0.785 in2 Equation 22 Pipe body yield load (metric)

Outside Diameter (DM) Equation 23 Internal yield pressure (metric)

Where: Test Pressure (PTM)

PcM = 0.00689476 × Pc (F × L × 12)

Procedure for Determining the Free Point for Stuck or Anchored

Calculating the Free Point Constant