MARKETING STRATEGIES AND INCOME RATE OF

TULUNAN ENTREPRENEURS

A Thesis Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of Tulunan National High School

Tulunan, Cotabato

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

In Practical Research 2
Quantitative Research

by

Henry Basal
September
2016
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Business plays an important role in the economic development of the

nation in today’s generation. The primary motive of a person engaged in the

business is profit. Thus, many people are starting to get involved and build their

own business to make money by producing and selling products in the market,

such as goods and basic services to satisfy the consumers’ needs, wants and

demands in the exchange of money. Marketing strategy is a conceptualization of

how the goal could be achieved to obtain profit in return. It also become the

bases in the business that helps the entrepreneurs to improve the income rate of

the business. The entrepreneurs make a strategic marketing decisions based on

the market demand and behavior. They must establish pricing, distribution and

promotional strategies that will allow the company to become profitable and

survive in today’s competitive environment. In this study, it tends to discover what

will be the possible and best marketing strategies that the entrepreneurs may

gave to the consumers in order to gain a profit in return. Also, to know if those

strategies can bring an income, it is either high or low to the business owners in

Tulunan.

Implementing strategies can be challenging due to variety of factors,

which include the global nature of the market place, international government

regulations and no direct tracking of sales results. Hence, adopting motivation

strategy, firms can improve sales performance (Amue et al., 2012). In the global

world of business today, marketing activities have become very competitive and

enterprises are doing just about anything in order to remain relevant and still

meet the ever dynamic needs of their customer. Studies have shown that, for

these enterprises to survive, they must take their marketing seriously. People are

now better educated and the global world of business today is a very dynamic

one in order to satisfy the changing needs of customers, you must first know their

needs and that is where marketing strategy begins. For an organization to

survive in today’s competitive market, it has to treat the marketing part of its firm

with top priority. The main purpose of any organizations existence is to satisfy

needs of its chose target customers at a profit and keep the business growing.

For that to happen, there must be an effective marketing strategy in place, which

is why a specific department has been set-a side in almost all firms just to handle

the marketing aspect of the firm. A marketing strategy is the result of decisions

being made about how a particular product or service will be packed to its target

customers. The word packaged above is used to include how the customers at a

profit to the organization. Marketing strategies are used to increase sales, launch

products and generally provide profit for a company (Cyprus, 2012). Since

developing and executing marketing strategy is central to what marketers do in

practice, research germane to understanding these activities is key to

establishing the relevance of the academic discipline of marketing. Better

understanding the state of marketing strategy knowledge is also important for

developing theoretical understanding in marketing. For example, knowing what

theories have been drawn on past research and which aspects of marketing

strategy have received little attention is a pre-cursor to any attempt to develop

indigenous marketing theory. Systematic analyses of the use of different

research approaches and methods in a particular domain, and how these have

changed over time can also uncover insights for the development of new

approaches and methods. As a result, periodic reviews of research in a domain

are useful in consolidating knowledge and enabling cumulative knowledge

development (Palmatier, 2018).

There are some researchers already studied about marketing strategies

that will affect the income rate of many entrepreneurs. However, this paper

intends to discover which marketing strategies or if marketing strategy will be

determinants to the profit ability of the enterprise in Tulunan area.

Statement of the Problem

This study will be conducted to determine the Marketing Strategies and

Income Rate of Tulunan Entrepreneurs.

Specifically, this study aims to determine the following questions:

1. What are the Marketing Strategies of Tulunan Entrepreneurs?

2. What is the Income rate of Tulunan Entrepreneurs?
3. Is there a significant relationship between Marketing strategies to Tulunan
Entrepreneurs’ income rate?
Theoretical Framework

Marketing strategy is a significant driving force that distinguishes the

success of many organizations not only by well-developed marketing strategies

outlining where, when, and how the firm will compete but also by their ability to

execute the marketing strategy decision options chosen (e.g. Day and Wensley

1988; Varadarajan 2010). The appropriate and effectively implemented

marketing strategies are required to productively guide the deployment of the

limited available resources via the firm’s marketing capabilities in pursuit of

desired goals and objectives (Black and Boal 1994; Varadarajan and Clark

1994). The literature reveals two distinct but related features to marketing

strategy content: marketing strategy decisions and implementation. Hence,

decision makers responsible for the marketing strategy must select which

available resources the firm should deploy, where to deploy them appropriately,

and set and signal priorities in terms of achieving the various goals and

objectives of the firm (Slater 1995). These marketing strategies toward firm

performance may be either formal, top-down strategies (Varadarajan and Clark

1994) or emergent or improvisational strategies (Moorman and Miner 1998). A

firm’s marketing strategy content therefore involves explicit or implicit decisions

regarding goal setting, target market selection, positional advantage to be

pursued, and timing to attain firm performance (e.g., Day 1994; Varadarajan

2010). Since most definitions of strategy concern plans for how desired

objectives are to be achieved, such goal setting is clearly important in

determining subsequent marketing strategy content decisions. Indeed such goal

selection decisions may be one of the most important manifestations of strategic

choice within the marketing strategy content (Child 1972). The decision

surrounding the value proposition is therefore a measurement of the value

offering that managers consider will create adequate demand at required price

points among target customers to allow the firm to achieve its strategic marketing

objectives arranged to total firm performance. The assumption here is that the

value proposition can be delivered by the firm as envisaged and that the

delivered value proposition is perceived by customers in the way that decision

makers anticipate in getting positive returns. This decision of the marketing

strategy content therefore determines which specific resources and capabilities

are required to be combined and transformed to develop and deliver the value

offering that consequently leads to firm performance. In order for a marketing

strategy to offer subsequent amount of value and achieve performance it should

be well-timed with market requirements. Therefore, Timing is an important

marketing strategy decision when examining new market targets or value

propositions is the timing of entry or launch (e.g., Green et al. 1995; Lieberman

and Montgomery 1998).

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1, on the next page presents the conceptual framework of the

study. As shown in the figure, this aims to determine the Marketing Strategies

which are considered as the independent variables.

Based on the findings of the study, the Income Rate of Tulunan

Entrepreneurs which is considered as the dependent variable will be designed.

 INCOME RATE OF
MARKETING STRATEGIES
TULUNAN
ENTREPRENEURS

Figure 1. Schematic Presentation of the Conceptual Framework of the Study

Significance of the Study

The researcher believes that this study is very beneficial to the

entrepreneurs, consumers, employees and researchers.

Entrepreneurs. The findings of this study will greatly help the entrepreneurs to

understand the significance of having well-planned marketing strategies in order

to attain or sustain the success of their business. This will also help the

entrepreneurs to increase their victory chances and become effective

entrepreneurs of Tulunan who have knowledge and skills.

Consumers. The findings of this study will greatly help the consumers to select

the best product and most qualified for their preference. It will also provide

information to consumers on how product will benefits to their satisfactory. In

addition, it will serve as a guide on what strategies can attract their wants.

Employees. The findings of this study will serve as a guide for the employees to

motivate themselves to do their works, and train themselves to be a good

marketers as this will result in great opportunities and success for the business

they employed.

Researchers. The findings of this research will help the future researchers to

gain broader knowledge about the effects of marketing strategies to the income

rate of Tulunan entrepreneurs and if there any relation between the two.

Moreover, this will serve as their guide or basis for their future research.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study is a correlational research between the marketing strategy and

income rate of 100 entrepreneurs in Tulunan, Cotabato.

Furthermore, the study delimits itself only for those entrepreneurs who have a

business firms and enterprises in Tulunan and will not attempt to include any

establishments outside the area. Income rates of entrepreneurs limits only on

how their business operations gain a profit and excludes those personal income

that they earned on the other transactions.

Definition of Terms

Important terms used in the study are defined operationally to give clear and

common understanding of some important words that are used in the study.

Marketing Strategy . Conceptually, this refers to the entrepreneurs’ strategy that

combines all of its marketing goals into one comprehensive plan. The

entrepreneur must focus on the right product mix in order to achieve the

maximum profit potential and sustain the business.

Income Rate .Operationally, this refers to the number of percentage of a sole

proprietor or corporation’s income or profit.

Entrepreneurs. Conceptually, this refers to an individual who create a new

business, bearing most of the risks and enjoying most of the rewards. This is also

a person who are organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on

greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.

 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES

This chapter cites a considerable number of related literatures gathered by

the researcher related to the topics investigated. The related literatures taken

from both local and foreign sources are found to have a substantial bearing of

this study.

Marketing Strategy

Marketing Strategy is as a is considered as an important principle to

organize and appropriate allocation of the organizational resources to financial

profit to the consumers which will help to the organization in the recognition of

the organizational Resources constraints, analysis, recognition and market

segmentation and will help to understand the characteristics of the components

market and can be useful in developing and achieving one clear organizational

perspective (Shafi'i, 2013). Aker (2009) In this regard, states that Marketing

Strategy includes different operations such as pSositioning, pricing, distribution

and global strategies, that their success rate need Sustainable competitive

advantage and their development need to a proper understanding of the target

market and its requirements (Hoeven Kim at al, 2011: According to the Shafi'i,

2013). The main center of the Marketing strategy is appropriate allocation and

coordinating activities and marketing resources in order to supply operational

objectives in terms of market and product. In this way, the main problem related

to the realm of the Marketing strategy is consists of determining the specific

markets for a family of products or a specific product and designing and

implementing of the appropriate programs in the field of mix marketing according

to the needs and demands of the potential customers of the target market and

gaining competitive advantage for organizations (Shafi'i, 2013).

Recently, in marketing literature specials work of selling is seen at the

strategic level of organization that is away from the merely operational element

and improved to strategic element (Dehdashti, Shahrokh, and Pourhoseini,

2014). The purpose of marketing strategies is attraction actions and loyalty plans

(Dehghan and et al., 2015). The main center of marketing strategies is

appropriate allocation and coordinating activities and marketing resources in

order to supply operational objectives in terms of market and product. In this way,

the main problem related to the realm of marketing strategies consists of

determining the specific markets for a family of products or a specific product and

designing and implementing of the appropriate programs in the mix field of

marketing according to needs and the demands of the target market of potential

customers and gaining competitive advantage for organizations (Shafi'i, 2013).

Marketing strategy is a construct that lies at the conceptual heart of the

field of strategic marketing and is central to the practice of marketing. It is also

the area within which many of the most pressing current challenges identified by

marketers and CMOs arise. We develop a new conceptualization of the domain

and sub-domains of marketing strategy and use this lens to assess the current

state of marketing strategy research by examining the papers in the six most

influential marketing journals over the period 1999 through 2017. We uncover
important challenges to marketing strategy research—not least the increasingly

limited number and focus of studies, and the declining use of both theory and

primary research designs. However, we also uncover numerous opportunities for

developing important and highly relevant new marketing strategy knowledge—

the number and importance of unanswered marketing strategy questions and

opportunities to impact practice has arguably never been greater. To guide such

research, we develop a new research agenda that provides opportunities for

researchers to develop new theory, establish clear relevance, and contribute to

improving practice .Keywords Marketing strategy .Strategic marketing .CMO

marketing challenges .Research design .Review Introduction Developing and

executing marketing strategy is central to the practice of marketing. Recent

reports regarding the top challenges facing marketers reveal numerous questions

within the domain of marketing strategy including: (1) how to create

organizational structures that better enable development of marketing strategies

that help navigate and adapt to changing customer and firm needs; (2) how to

choose the optimal set of marketing strategies to drive outcomes given

competing priorities and myriad internal and external stakeholders; and(3) how to

lead enterprise-wide executives in developing and implementing strategies that

create greater customer centricity and engagement. As a result of its centrality to

practice, marketing strategy is also a key area of business school pedagogy,

pivotal in marketing theory explanations of firm performance, and a focus of

inquiry among academic researchers. However, while there has been a growing

research interest in the general field of strategic marketing (i.e., marketing-

related phenomena and decisions that are important to understanding the long-

term performance of product/brands, SBUs, and firms), it is unclear how much of

this research relates to marketing strategy—the central construct within the field

of strategic marketing. Since developing and executing marketing strategy is

central to what marketers do in practice, research germane to understanding

these activities is key to establishing the relevance of the academic discipline of

marketing. Better understanding the state of marketing strategy knowledge is

also important for developing theoretical understanding in marketing. For

example, knowing what theories have been drawn on past research and which

aspects of marketing strategy have received little attention is a pre-cursor to any

attempt to develop indigenous marketing theory. Systematic analyses of the use

of different research approaches and methods in a particular domain, and how

these have changed over time can also uncover insights for the development of

new approaches and methods. As a result, periodic reviews of research in a

domain are useful in consolidating knowledge and enabling cumulative

knowledge development (e.g., Palmatier et al. 2018). Such cumulative

knowledge building in marketing strategy is essential since its centrality to

marketing practice makes research in marketing strategy of particular importance

in establishing the relevance of academic research and its utility and legitimacy

to practicing managers. We therefore use relevance to practice as one of the

lenses used to identify and prioritize a new research agenda for marketing

strategy. The paper is structured as follows. First, we develop a new integrated

conceptual model of marketing strategy to guide our review. Next, we describe

the journal sample and review procedure adopted. We then present and discuss

the descriptive statistics arising from our review. Within the sub-domains of

marketing strategy identified, we next present exemplar studies and briefly

synthesize existing knowledge. We then discuss the implications of the review

findings for marketing theory and practice. Finally, we develop a research

agenda for future research in marketing strategy. A necessary first step in

reviewing research in any do-main is to clearly establish its external boundaries

and identify important internal boundaries among sub-domains. In accomplishing

this, we draw initially on Varadarajan’s(2010)exploration of the conceptual

domain and definition of marketing strategy: Marketing strategy is an

organization’s integrated pattern of decisions that specify its crucial choices

concerning products, markets, marketing activities and marketing resources in

the creation, communication and/or delivery of products that offer value to

customers in exchanges with the organization and thereby enable the

organization to achieve specific objectives.(Varadarajan 2010, p. 119)In line with

this, the marketing literature broadly indicates that a firm’s marketing efforts

impact its market place and economic performance through the formulation and

implementation of specific patterns of resource deployments designed to achieve

marketing objectives in a target market(e.g., Katsikeas et al. 2016;Morgan2012).

Small Businesses

According to (Namiki 1988) it is very difficult for small business to lead in

market where a numbers of suppliers already exist. Main focus should be at its

existence in every way it should be remain in market. According to (Joynt and

Welch 1985) it is very hard to manage a growing business because whenever

new small business grows it require more investment and more professional. The

expenses of business ultimately increase and it also possible that the short run

profit of an organization also decrease. Mostly organizations do not understand

the phenomena this circle and goes to low level or stay at small level. According

to (Hallberg 2000) in small business management team is a main factor.

According to him entrepreneur’s trust in market also plays a vital role in small

level business. Further he said sales also necessary for small level business.

Because when the sales increase the profit of business also increase. He said if

the management team will efficient then it will observe the quality of product and

niche market of product. There are no black and white rules to run a business.

Every situation demands its own solution. And it is management team who

respond as situation demands. Our plans may not fulfill the requirement of the

time. According to (Bell, Crick et al. 2004) entrepreneur is the most important

element to run a successful business. Entrepreneur’s experience and his

strategy about his business help him getting profit and make the stable growth of

his business. Here the entrepreneur’s formal and informal education matter a lot.

According to (Beal 2000) the owner of small business must be known what type

of strategy he needed. As they know the requirement of strategy then they will

able to find success. (Berger and Udell 1998) stated that qualities of a manager

or owner who showed innovative, risk taker and have past training were most

successful in their small business .He also found that customer treatment, good

product, good treatment with employ increase the goodwill of your business.
(Meyer and Roberts 1986) argues for the training and development in business

can beneficial for business. But major thing how can we manage it and what type

of training is facilitated. According to (DeLone 1988) management’s education

from the decision making perspective is play a vital rule in business. If

management has education about decision making then management will work

efficiently. If they have less education then it will tuff for business to give good

output. According to PP Powell finance is major element is small level business.

He elaborate that small level business always faces the music regarding to

finance. He suggested the supply should gain from that supplier who give you

time to clear your payment and the product should sale at cash so that that extra

capital should collect for investing in business. According to Judith (DeLone

1988) entrepreneur should find his niche market to lunch his products. As finance

is less in small level business therefore overall lunching of a product is very

difficult. (Morris, Koçak et al. 2007) observed the small business and found that

the problem that small business had to face is planning. He further said that

small business mostly make long term plans but unfortunately the circumstances

change in every movement and mostly small business unable to change

according to the demand of time. Because small level business has less

investment therefore it is very tuff to change because of high risk.

Synthesis

The reading comprehension level of the studentsis assessed to identify those

students who need to undergo the reading intervention program. The findings of

some of the studies have given perceptions and understanding of the importance

of reading skill and attitude towards reading on the part of every learner. These

literatures are predominantly very helpful especially to the educators in order for

them to have a better understanding and awareness on the teaching strategies to

be used to enhance the students’ reading skill considering all the factors to

enhance the students’ development.

To summarize, attitude towards reading can greatly influence the students’

reading comprehension level. Hence, supplementary enrichment in the teaching

strategies and methods must be given importance. Furthermore, a reading

intervention program should also be organized that students will be able to learn

most.

This study then considers the stated literature to be of great help in

understanding its context to attain a desirable result to help ease the problem.
 Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the methodology used in gathering the needed data. This

includes the research design, research locale, respondents, research

instruments, research procedures and statistical tools.

The Research Design

This study will utilize a descriptive method of research. The descriptive survey

method will be used to collect data as stressed by Sevilla, et. Al (2012) because

the main purpose of the study is to determine the marketing strategies and

income rate of Tulunan entrepreneurs. According to Calmorin(2012) descriptive

design’s purpose is to find a new truth and this is valuable in providing facts.

Research Locale

Tulunan is the southernmost municipality of Cotabato Province. It is

bounded in the north by the municipality of Mlang, in the south by the

municipality of Datu Paglas in Maguindanao province, in the west by the

Liguasan Marsh in Sultan Kuldarat and in the northeast by the municipality of

Makilala. It has a total land area of 35,000 hectares and is divided into 29

barangays. In this study, only five (5) were selected to be part of our research:

Bual, La Esperanza, Minapan, Poblacion, and Sibsib.

Research Respondents

The respondents of this study will be the total population of the Grade 10

students of Minapan High School in Minapan, Tulunan, Cotabato in the school

year 2015-2016. Table 1 shows the total number of Grade 10 students in every

section at Minapan High School.

Name of Section Number of Students

Grade 10 Einstein 32

Grade 10 Newton 31

Grade 10 Euclid 33

Total Number of Grade 10 Students 96

Table 1.The number of Grade 10 students in every section of Minapan High

School

The Research Instruments

The data gathering tools which will be used in this study will be in a form of

survey and test questionnaire.

The researcher will use the reading attitude assessment survey to determine the

student’s attitude towards reading. A reading comprehension test will be used to

determine the reading comprehension level of the students.

Secondary Reading Attitude Assessment Survey

This survey questionnaire is designed to determine the reading attitude of the

Grade 10 high school students of Minapan High School in Minapan, Tulunan,

Cotabato.It is adopted in Journal of Reading, 23 (2), 609-614, International

Reading Association.A Scale for Assessing Attitudes Towards Reading in

Secondary Schools byTullock, Rhody R and Alexander, J.E. It has two

categories. The first category are positive attitudes towards reading. This is

composed of 12 questions describing the positive attitudes of the students

towards reading. The second category are negative attitudes towards reading.

This reading attitude test has two parts. The first part is composed of 11

questions describing the positive attitude of the students towards reading while

the second part is composed of nine questions describing the negative attitudes

of the students towards reading. Students who have a positive attitude towards

reading always love to read, always check out a book from the library, like to stay

at home and read, think people are wise when they read a lot, like to read to

escape from problems, like to share books with their friends, like to broaden their

interests through reading, read a lot, like to read because they want to improve

their vocabulary so they can use more words and like to get books for gifts.

Students with negative attitudes towards reading hate reading, would rather want

someone to tell them information so they will not read to get it, think reading is
boring, think reading is a waste of time, seldom read except when they have to

do a book report, never check out a book from the library, feel they have better

things to do than read, seldom buy a book andwant to tell people that they do not

like to read.

The questionnaire will allow the respondents to respond to the given questions

using the scoring guide:

(strongly agree)five points; (agree)four points; (undecided)three points;

(disagree)two points; (strongly disagree)1point

Reading Comprehension Test

A reading comprehension test is designed to determine the reading

comprehension level of the students at Minapan High School Minapan, Tulunan,

Cootabato for the school year 2015-2016. This is a seven item test and this will

be read by the students to answer correctly the questions. The scores will be

evaluated based on the level of comprehension of the students using the PHIL-

IRI guidelines:

Frustration level- the students attain 58% and below correct answers in their

comprehension test. Meaning, the students get the score of four and below out of

seven item test.

Instructional level- the students attain 59-89% correct answers in their

comprehension test. Meaning, the students get the score of five or six out of

seven item test.

Independent level- the students attain 90-100% correct answers in their

comprehension test. Meaning, the students get the perfect score which is seven.

Research Procedure

The researcher will ask permission from the school through a letter requesting

to conduct a research. Part of the request is to conduct a survey on how a

marketing strategy affects the income rate of entrepreneurs in Tulunan area. A

survey questionnaire for identifying respondents’ marketing strategies will be first

administered to the grade 10 students of three sections. Answered

questionnaires will be retrieved right after. Next, the reading comprehension test

will be administered to the Grade 10 students. Students will read the reading

selection and they will answer a seven-item test for 20 minutes. After

administration and retrieval of the questionnaires, the needed data will be

gathered and it will be tabulated and treated using the appropriate statistical

tools.

Statistical Tools

Weighted mean will be used to determine the reading attitude of the Grade 10

students at Minapan High School in Minapan, Tulunan, Cotabato.

 Frequency count and percentage distribution will be used to determine the

reading comprehension level of the students.

Reading Comprehension Test

Name:_____________________________________Grade&

Section:______________

Score:_____________________________________Precentage:____________

______
Directions: Read the passage and then answer the questions that follow. Encircle

the letter of the correct answer.

THE INCREDIBLE MACHINE

Everyone has a favorite attraction at an amusement park, and I am no

different. However, unlike most people who seem to prefer rollercoasters, my

favorite ride is a little gentler. Every time I go to Coney Island, Navy Pier, or the

Santa Monica Pier, I absolutely have to ride the Ferris wheel. The Ferris wheel is

simple and yet also quite complex. That is, riding it is easy, but how it works is

complicated. A series of carts are attached to a wheel, which is attached to a rim.

That rim rotates vertically around an axis, and gravity keeps the carts upright. As

simple as the ride seems, only advanced engineers can make safe and fun Ferris

wheels.

What It Lacks in Thrills…

While the Ferris wheel is not as thrilling as a rollercoaster, it is still very

exciting. The fact of being high in the air makes it so much more entertaining

than a lot of rides. I mean, how often do you hang from that high up in daily life?

Nevertheless, I have to admit, I don’t seek Ferris wheels out because of

their excitement. Rather, I find them very relaxing. At the top of the Ferris wheel,

you get beautiful sights of the park. You also get a sense of calm that you don’t

get in the hustle and bustle of the park below.

 Additionally, Ferris wheels are also gorgeous to look at when they are lit

up at night. In fact, the original Ferris wheel was designed as much to be seen as

to be ridden.

It Happened at the World’s Fair

The first Ferris wheel was made by and named after George Washington

Gale Ferris, Jr. He designed it for the Chicago World’s Fair in 1893. It was the

tallest attraction there, standing 264 feet high.

However, visitors to the fair were impressed by the size of the ride as well

as the mechanics of it. In 1893, anything that was not turned by hand was

considered a sight to see. And the wheel, which was a machine, was truly

incredible to see. Further, as one visitor put it, the wheel was amazing because it

seemed to be missing support. That is, it did not look like it could stand on its

own. And yet it did and even rotated!

They Keep Reaching Higher and Higher

Ferris wheel technology has only improved since then. Most of today’s

Ferris wheels are much larger than that first one. The largest in the world is the

"Singapore Flyer," which stands slightly taller than twice what Ferris’s did!

Today, the Ferris wheel is the most common amusement park ride. But

that does not mean you should take them for granted. Instead, be thankful for

Ferris’ invention. The next time you’re at an amusement park, don’t just look up

at the impressive wheel in the sky on your way to a newer attraction. Take it for a

spin!
1. As used in paragraph 1, the word attraction most nearly means

A. sense

B. park

C. ride

D. vision

2. It can be understood that Coney Island, Navy Pier, and the Santa Monica Pier

are all examples of______________________________________.

A. amusement parks

B. Ferris wheels

C. vacation spots

D. boat docks

3. As used in paragraph 2, which is the best antonym for complex?

A. impressive

B. beautiful

C. exciting

D. simple

4. What does the author like best about Ferris wheels?

A. the impressive engineering and beauty of them

B. the excitement and thrills they guarantee

C. the beautiful sights and relaxation they allow

D. the fact that most amusement parks have one

5.According to the passage, the Ferris wheel was originally designed

for________.

A. Coney Island

B. the world’s fair

C. Disneyworld

D. Singapore

6.This passage was most likely written to____________________________.

A. describe the author’s favorite amusement park rides

B. explain the original design of Ferris wheels and how they work today

C. describe the history of Ferris wheels and why they are so popular

D. explain the history of Ferris wheels and why the author likes them

7.Using information in the passage, the reader can understand that the tallest

Ferris wheel in the world is_______________________________.

A. under 250 feet tall

B. between 250 and 500 feet tall

C. between 500 and 750 feet tall

D. over 750 feet tall

Secondary Reading Attitude Assessment

Name:_____________________________________Grade&Section:_________

______

Directions: This is a tool to tell how you feel about reading. The score will not

affect your grade. You read the statements silently as I read them aloud. Then

put an "X" in the box that represents how you feel about that statement.

Scale Description Interpretation

1 Strongly Disagree The students strongly disagree to the

(SD) statement.

2 Disagree (D) The students disagree to the statement

3 Undecided (U) The students are undecided to the statement

4 Agree (A) The students agree to the statement

5 Strongly Agree (SA) The students strongly agree to the statement

Positive attitude SD D U A SA SCORE

1 2 3 4 5
1.You always love to read.
2.You always check out a book from the library.
3.You like to stay at home and read
4.You think people are wise when they read a lot.
5.You like to read to escape from problems.
6.You make fun of people who read a lot.
7.You like to share books with your friends.
8.You like to broaden your interests through
reading.
9.You read a lot.
10.You like to read because you want to improve
your vocabulary so you can use more words
11.You like to get books for gifts.

TOTAL SCORE
Negative Attitude SD D U A SA SCORE
1 2 3 4 5
1.You hate reading.
2.You would rather want someone to tell you information
so you will not read to get it.
3.You think reading is boring.
4.You think reading is a waste of time.
5.You seldom read except when you have to do a book
report.
6.You never check out a book from the library.
7.You feel you have better things to do than read.
8.You seldom buy a book.
9.You are willing to tell people that you do not like to
read.
TOTAL SCORE
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