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CHARCOAL AND FISH GILLS AS AN ORGANIC SOIL COMPOST MIXTURE

Ajunan, Robby Q.
Mortifero, Efimer M.
Villasoto, Rae Miguell M.

Kristine D. Gamboa
January 2019
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DEDICATION
To the family of the researchers
To their friends and classmates
Above all to our Lord Jesus Christ
To God be the glory
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The researchers would like to express the deepest gratitude to the person who helped them

to finish this research study:

MA’AM KRISTINE DE LEON GAMBOA the thesis adviser. The person behind the success

of the researchers. The one who shared ideas and concepts that helped in this study.

MA’AM MHY BUENAVISTA AND MA’AM CHARITO DE VILLA the past thesis advisers

who also give their time to help us finish in the study.

To the researchers FRIENDS and CLASSMATES who give their support to us.

To the FAMILY of the researchers who gave their love and support and financial assistance.

And lastly, to one who made all these things possible, LORD JESUS. This study is and

will always be for his glory.

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Abstract

The research study is conducted to determine if fermented charcoal and fish gills can be an

organic soil compost. Specifically, this study aims to achieve the following goals: identify the

methods to be followed in making the charcoal and fish gills as organic soil compost mixture;

compare the efficacy of charcoal and fish gills as an organic soil compost mixture to the

commercial fertilizer within the same number of variables, waters, soil, seeds.

First prepare all the materials, collect 240g of charcoal and 240g of fish gills; collect 500g

of soil and put it inside a pot; chop the fish gills into pieces and pound the charcoal into powder;

mix the charcoal and the fish gills with soil in the pot and mix well; ferment the within one (1)

week with the continuous water of one (1) tablespoon per day; after the fermentation process,

plant the seed (mongo) and water it every day.

The study presents the significance difference of charcoal and fish gills as an organic soil

compost mixture. The mean computed values were, 7.2429 and 6.4 statistical analysis shows that

there is a significant difference among the commercial fertilizer. The probability value is

0.37478; it means that the hypothesis stating that “there is o significant difference on the

effectivity of charcoal and fish gills as organic soil compost mixture to commercial fertilizer” is

rejected.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE……………………………………………………………………………… 1
DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………………….. 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………………………… 3
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………….. 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………………….. 5
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………. 6
Background of the Study………………………………………. 7
Statement of the Problem... …………………………..………... 8
Hypothesis…….……………………………………………....... 8
Significance of the Study..……………………………………… 9
Scope and Limitation…………………………………………… 9
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Research Design…………………………………………………………………………… 9
Materials…………………………………………………………………………………… 10
Methods……………………………………………………………………………………. 10
Risk and Safety…………………………………………………………………………….. 11
Data Analysis………………………………………………………………………………. 11
Statistical Treatment……………………………………………………………………….. 12
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Results and Discussion……………………………………………………………………... 13
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………….. 14
Recommendation…………………………………………………………………………… 14
Reference…………………………………………………………………………………… 15
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Filipinos loved to plant vegetables at their backyard. They use fertilizers for the healthy

development of crops. In the present time, root crops seem to be unproductive and have a low

quality because of the different causes that has big impact on its production that may result in

poor quality crops and unhealthy foods.

Based on the study of the researchers, they found out that usage of fertilizer has bad

effect so that they search for some ways on how they can produce organic form of fertilizer. The

researchers make use of fish gills and charcoal a form of compost mixture.

According to Joshi R. (2015) In the present review, vermicompost is describe as an

excellent soil amendment and a biocontrol agent which make it the best organic fertilizer and

eco-friendlier as compared to chemical fertilizers. Vermicompost is ideal organic manure for

better growth and yield of many plants. It can increase production of crops and prevent from

harmful pests without polluting the environment. Application of vermicompost increased seed

germination, stem weight, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf dry weight, root length, root numbers,

total yield, number of fruits/plants, chlorophyll content/ pH of juice, TSS of juice, micro and

macronutrients, carbohydrates (%) and protein (%) content and improve the quality of fruits and

seeds.

According to Battaglia A. and Dietrohetti M. (2003) results showed that paper will

sludge and soil interact to form new sorbing sites. Taking into account sorption results of head,

the retention of which by soil a substantially increased by sludge addition, can highlight this

modification also, the amount of absorbed cadmium was increased by sludge addition.

There was a problem in terms of agriculture. The usage of chemical base fertilizer has a

huge impact on the root crops. Fertilizer emit dangerous substance that can affect the quality and
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nutrients of the crop. In this study the fish gills and charcoal undergo different experimentation

to form as an organic soil compost mixture not just to provide farmers needs but to give

emphasis to the other usage of fish gills and charcoal.

Background of the Study

The planet today is struggling to plant healthy crops without using chemical-based

fertilizers. The harmful substances are mixed with the nutrients present in the crops. Bad effects

may occur to human or animals that may consume it. The microorganisms that are present in the

soil also suffers. Microorganisms are vital to the composting process according to Matthew

Warsham (2019) there are two main classes of composting microorganisms; the aerobes and

anaerobes according to Planet Natural (2018). Aerobes are the most important and more efficient

composting organism according to the University of Illinois. It consumes organic waste and

excrete chemicals like nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium, which are needs of plants in order

to survive.

Another global issue that the world is facing right now, is the increasing number of

garbage specially the BIODEGRADABLE which includes, food remains, paper, fruit peels,

vegetables and unused meat sections like bones, in meats and poultry. But fishes, according to

Mosquera (2017) stated that this sector produces large amounts of waste in fish markets and

processing factories. This by products such as gills and excess scales which are used in making

meals. However, there is another valuable use for it. The excess waste can be fermented or mix

with a soil to produce a usable compost that has the quality like chemically mixed fertilizer, but

it has less chemicals content that harms not only the microorganisms inside the soil, but also the
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consumer. That’s the reason why the researchers came up with an idea of mixing this product

with another product that will change the peoples thought of fertilization of soil. The researchers

idea is to mix the nitrogen rich gills with charcoal that is rich in carbon that will give a non-

chemical treatment which means that the microorganisms will not be killed but will have

phosphorus an nitrogen filled soil that will make the plants grow faster and with the help of the

carbon from the other ingredient, it will strengthen the plant because it will kill harmful elements

like dirt in water and it will act like a filter not only at the top layer but in the whole soil, this will

also give enough carbon to be supplied to the growing plant.

Statement of the Problem

The research entitled charcoal and fish gills as an organic compost mixture for Mongo

beans (Vigna radiata) was conducted to determine its effectiveness. Specially, this study

aimed to solve the following problems.

1. Identify the methods to be used in making charcoal and fish gills as an organic

compost mixture.

2. Describe the level of effectivity of OSCM in different day.

a. 1st day – 3rd day

b. 4th day – 6th day

c. 7th day – 9th day

d. 10th day – 12th day

3. Compare the effectivity of OSCM to commercialized fertilizer.

Hypothesis
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There is a significant difference in using organic compost mixture in the height of plant

and the level of the growth rate compared to the commercial fertilizer.

There is no significant difference in using organic compost mixture in the height of plant

and the level of the growth rate compared to the commercial fertilizer.

Significance of the Study

The study would be beneficial primarily to the local people that is living in Liliw. Using

an organic compost mixture in the field of agriculture can lessen their expenses to buy a high-

quality fertilizer for their plants as crops.

Secondly, the farmers, they can provide their own compost mixture with cheap

ingredients and easy to find within their area.

Next, the entrepreneur/ businessman can speed their work on selling vegetables or any

crops, because supplies can be too much and boost their profits.

Then, the vegetarians, they can eat more now because the number of supplies is high.

Lastly, the future researchers, they can get information in this study that may help their

findings and researches.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The study was conducted to develop compost mixture using charcoal and fish gills as the

source, in Brgy. Ilayang Taykin Liliw,Laguna. The period of the study started at January 2019

and will last until September 2019.

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Materials and Methods

Research Design

In this study experimental research design is employed. It is used to determine the

efficacy of charcoal and fish gills as an organic compost mixture

Materials

The researcher used 240g of charcoal, 240g of fish gills, 10mL of water, and cup to

produce the organic compost mixture.

Quantity Materials

240 grams Charcoal

240 grams Fish Gills

500 grams Soil

Methods

First prepare all the materials needed, then wash the fish gills thoroughly, chop the fish

gills into pieces, set aside. After that found the charcoal until it become a powder. Mix the

chopped fish gills, charcoal and soil in the cup.

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Risk and Safety

The researchers used charcoal and fish gills that has carbon dioxide and oxygen, so

proper handling of this materials should be followed. Wearing gloves, mask, lab gown, lab coat

for your protection.

Data Analysis

Days OSCM Commercial fertilizer

1 0cm 0cm

2 2cm 2cm

3 5.2 cm 3.5cm

4 7cm 7cm

5 9.1cm 8cm

6 12 cm 11.3cm

7 15.4cm 13cm
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Statistical Treatment

The one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to ascertain if prominent differences

occur

between the used of organic soil compost mixture and commercial fertilizer.
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Table 1. Shows the mean computed, over all summary, and the P value.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Result and Discussion

Presentation of Data

Prepare all the materials needed

Collect fish Gills and Charcoal

Put Charcoal in the mortar and pestle

and pound it

Chop fish gills into small pieces

Gather soil and mix the charcoal and

fish gills

Ferment for one week

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Figure 1. Flow chart of methods in making Charcoal and Fish gills as an Organic Soil Compost

Mixture

Conclusion

The following conclusions were drawn based on the findings presented. The

difference between the growth rate of plants with the use of commercial fertilizers and the

organic compost mixture was significant. It is proven that using the organic soil compost mixture

greatly increases the growth rate of plants within a week. Therefore the hypothesis stating that

“there is no significant difference in using organic compost mixture in the height of plant and the

level of the growth rate compared to the commercial fertilizer” was rejected and the hypothesis

stating that “there is a significant difference in using organic compost mixture in the height of

plant and the level of the growth rate compared to the commercial fertilizer” was accepted. This

study concluded that the organic compost mixture helped the plant to grow faster within the

given period of time.

Recommendation

Based on the foregoing and conclusion of the study, the following were strongly

encouraged by the researchers.

1. The future researchers may try this product on different kind of plant.
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2. The future researchers can try different waste materials that can be used as an organic

compost mixture.

3. The future researchers can think of another uses of the given waste materials.

References

Ogunte, Philip and Fosu, Matthias (2004) Biology and Fertility of soils, Volume 39, page 295-

299

Lehman, Johannes and Pereira, Jose (2003) Plat and Soil, page 137-159

Joshi, Rakesh and Singh, Jaswinder (2015) Reviews in Environmental Science and

Bio/Technology, Volume 33, page 161-172

Tuitert, Gerrie, Szczech, Magdalena and Bollen, Gerrit (2007)

https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.8.764

Mosquera, Maria Elvira and Fernandez, Emilio (2011) Procedia Environmental Science, Volume

9, page 113-117
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Appendixes