HERCOR COLLEGE, INC.

Hercor College High School

Main Campus-Lawaan-Roxas Ave. Ext., Roxas City 5800, Capiz
Telephone No.: (036) 6200-528 Email Address: highschool@hercorcollege.edu.ph

Name of the Teacher : CHRISTIAN DAVE A. BALASA

Grade/Year level : Grade-9 (Emerald, Amethyst, Sapphire)
Quarter : 1st
Learning Area : Mathematics
Date :
Learning Competencies
Code :
Resources needed : Visual materials (Manila paper &cartolina), Worksheets, Flashcards
References : Next Century Mathematics 2nd Edition, Orines Fernando B.
Lesson/Topic : QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
Objectives:
In this lesson, you are expected to:
1. Illustrate quadratic equations; and
2. Solve quadratic equations by:
a. Extracting the square roots
Lesson Proper:
I. MOTIVATION

Was there a point in your life when you asked yourself about the different real-life quantities such as costs of goods or
services, profits, yields and losses, amount of particular things, speed, area, and many others? Have you ever realized
that these quantities can be mathematically represented to come up with practical decisions?

II. DISCUSSION

Quadratic Equation in One Variable

A second-degree equation in one variable is an equation that can be expressed in the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0,
where a, b, and c real numbers, and 𝑎 ≠ 0. This form of the quadratic equation is said to be in standard form since all
the nonzero terms are on the left side of the equation and the powers of the variables are in a descending order.
There are two classifications of quadratic equations in two variables according to the value of b in the standard
form.
If 𝑏 ≠ 0, the equation is a complete quadratic equation. Examples of the complete quadratic equations are
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 6 = 0.
If 𝑏 = 0, the equation is a pure or incomplete quadratic equation. For instance, 𝑥 2 − 4 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑥 2 + 6 = 0, are
incomplete quadratic equation.
SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY EXTRACTING THE SQUARE ROOTS
Note that the incomplete quadratic equation 𝑥 2 − 4 = 0 can be written as 𝑥 2 = 4by applying Addition Property
of Equality. By substitution, two values of x satisfy this equation. These are 2 and -2. To check if, 𝑥 2 − 4 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 2,
then 𝟐𝟐 − 𝟒 = 𝟎;𝟒 − 𝟒 = 𝟎; 𝟎 = 𝟎, which is true.
If 𝑥 2 − 4 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = −2, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 (−2)2 − 4 = 0; 4 − 4 = 0; 0 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒. Square Root Property

Note that √𝟒 = 𝟐 and √𝟒 = −𝟐. If 𝑥 2 = 𝑛, and 𝑛 > 0, then 𝑥 =

√𝑛 or 𝑥 = −√𝑛.
As a general rule, to solve equations of the form 𝑥 2 = 𝑛, use the Square Root Property.
But, this is applied when the term containing the second degree term with 1 as its numerical coefficient is isolated.
EXAMPLE1: SOLVE THE EQUATION 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎. Check : 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎

Solution : 𝑥 2 − 25 = 0 52 − 25 = 0 → 25 − 25 = 0 → 0 = 0

𝑥 2 = 25 → √𝑥 2 = ±√25 → 𝑥 = ±5 (−5)2 − 25 = 0 → 25 − 25 = 0 → 0 = 0
Therefore, the solutions are 5 and -5.
 EXAMPLE2: SOLVE THE EQUATION 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟏 = 𝟎. Check : 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟎

Solution : 𝑥 2 − 11 = 0 (√11)2 − 11 = 0 → 11 − 11 = 0 → 0 = 0

𝑥 2 = 11 → √𝑥 2 = ±√11 → 𝑥 = ±√11 (−√11)2 − 25 = 0 → 11 − 11 = 0 → 0 = 0

Therefore, the solutions are √11 and -√11.

EXAMPLE3: SOLVE THE EQUATION 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖 = 𝟎. Check : 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖 = 𝟎

Solution : 𝑥2 − 8 = 0 (2√2)2 − 8 = 0 → 8 − 8 = 0 → 0 = 0

𝑥 2 = 8 → √𝑥 2 = ±√8 → 𝑥 = ±2√2 (−2√2)2 − 8 = 0 → 8 − 8 = 0 → 0 = 0

Therefore, the solutions are 2√2 and - 2√2.

EXAMPLE4: SOLVE THE EQUATION 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑 = 𝟑𝟗. Check : 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖 = 𝟎

Solution : 2𝑥 2 + 3 = 39 (3√2)2 + 3 = 39 → 36 + 3 = 39 → 39 = 39

2𝑥 2 = 39 − 3 → 𝑥 2 = ±√18 → 𝑥 = ±3√2 (−3√2)2 + 3 = 39 → 36 + 3 = 39 → 39 = 39

Therefore, the solutions are 3√2 and - 3√2.

NUMBER OF SOLUTIONS OF A QUADRATIC EQUATION

Every quadratic equation in one variable has exactly two solutions or roots.

EXAMPLE5: SOLVE THE EQUATION 𝟓(𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎. Check : 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖 = 𝟎

Solution : 5(𝑥 − 2)2 = 20 5(0 − 2)2 = 20 → 5(4) = 20 → 20 = 20

20
5(𝑥 − 2)2 = 20 → (𝑥 − 2)2 = 5
→ √(𝑥 − 2)2 = ±√4 5(4 − 2)2 = 20 → 5(4) = 20 → 20 = 20

𝑥 − 2 = ±2 → 𝑥 = 2 + 2 = 4 ; 𝑥 − 2 = −2 + 2 = 0

Therefore, the solutions are 4 and 0.

EXAMPLE6: SOLVE THE EQUATION 𝟑(𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐) = 𝟔𝟔.

Solution : 3(𝑥 2 − 2) = 66

3(𝑥 2 − 2) = 66 → 𝑥 2 − 2 = 22 → √𝑥 2 = ±√24 → 𝑥 = ±2√6

Therefore, the solutions are 2√6and −2√6.

III. APPLICATION

Solve each equation.

1. 𝑥 2 = 16 2. 𝑥 2 = 49 3. 𝑥 2 = 128 4. 𝑥 2 − 121 = 0 5. 5𝑥 2 − 125 = 0
IV. ABSTRACTION

A second-degree equation in one variable is an equation that can be expressed in the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0,
where a, b, and c real numbers, and 𝑎 ≠ 0. This form of the quadratic equation is said to be in standard form since all
the nonzero terms are on the left side of the equation and the powers of the variables are in a descending order.
There are two classifications of quadratic equations in two variables according to the value of b in the standard
form.
If 𝑏 ≠ 0, the equation is a complete quadratic equation. Examples of the complete quadratic equations are
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 6 = 0.
If 𝑏 = 0, the equation is a pure or incomplete quadratic equation. For instance, 𝑥 2 − 4 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑥 2 + 6 = 0, are
incomplete quadratic equation.
V. EVALUATION
Apply the Square Root Property .in solving each quadratic equation. Then, check the solution.
1. 6𝑥 2 − 24 = 0 3. 7𝑥 2 − 63 = 0 5. 2𝑥 2 − 19 = −1 7. 3𝑥 2 − 8 = 4 9. (𝑥 + 2)2 = 20
2. 2(𝑥 − 3)2 = 18 4. 𝑥 2 = 144 6. 2𝑥 2 − 34 = 0 8. (𝑥 − 3)2 = 12 10. (4𝑥 − 1)2 = 196
VI. ASSIGNMENT
Given 𝑥 2 − 16 = 0, aside from using the Square Root Property, solve the value of the variable using other
alternative ways.

Prepared by:
CHRISTIAN DAVE A. BALASA
MATHEMATICS TEACHER

Checked by:

MS. APRIL DE LEON MS. MARICAR C. ARCEŇO, MAT

MATHEMATICS COORDINATOR SCHOOL PRINCIPAL