VERBAL COMMUNICATION

The use of sounds and language to relay a

message. It serves as a vehicle for expressing
desires, ideas and concepts and is vital to the
processes of learning and teaching.

Messages or information is exchanged or

communicated through words.
Types of Verbal Communication
There are the two basic types of
verbal communication.

Interpersonal communication

Public speaking
 Interpersonal communication
generally refers to a two-way
exchange that involves both talking
and listening.
Public speaking involves one
or more people delivering a
message to a group.
 Verbal communication has many
purposes, but its main function is
relaying a message to one or more
recipients.
 Verbal communication can be
used to inform, inquire, argue and
discuss topics of all kinds. It is vital to
teaching and learning, as well as
forming bonds and building
relationships with other people.
NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
The process of communication through
sending and receiving wordless messages.

It is the exchange of information or

message between two or more persons
through gestures, facial expressions, eye
contact, proximity, touching etc. and
without using any spoken or written word.
FORMS OF NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION

 Paralinguistics are the voice involved in

communication other than actual language and
involves voice quality, rate, pitch, volume, speaking
style, as well as rhythm, intonation and stress.
 Proxemics deals with the concept
of space element in communication.
Proxemics explains four zones of spaces
namely intimate personal, social and public.
 According to Edward T. Hall, the amount of
space we maintain between ourselves and the
persons with whom we are communicating
shows the importance of the science of
proxemics. In this process, it is seen how we
feel towards the others at that particular
time.
Distance

Hall defines four primary distance zones:

(i) intimate (touching to eighteen inches)
distance,
(ii) personal (eighteen inches to four feet)
distance,
(iii) social (four to twelve feet) distance, and

(iv) public (more than twelve feet) distance.

➢ Intimate distance is considered
appropriate for familiar relationships and
indicates closeness and trust.
➢ Personal distance is still close but keeps
another "at arm's length" the most
comfortable distance for most of our
interpersonal contact.
➢ Social distance is used for the kind of
communication that occurs in business
relationships and, sometimes, in the
classroom.
➢ Public distance occurs in situations
where two-way communication is not
desirable or possible
 Artifactics studies about the non
verbal signals which emerges from
personal accessories--dresses or
fashion accessories worn.
Clothing

The types of clothing that an individual

wears conveys nonverbal cues about his or
her personality, background and financial
status, and how others will respond to them.
An individual's clothing style can demonstrate
their culture, mood, level of confidence,
interests, age, authority, and values/beliefs
 Chronemics deal with the time aspects of
communication and also include importance
given to the time. Some issues explaining this
concept are pauses, silences and response lag
during an interaction.
 Kinesics mainly deals with the body
languages such as postures, gestures, head
nods, leg movements etc.
Gestures

Gestures may be made with the hands,

arms or body, and also include movements
of the head, face and eyes, such as winking,
nodding, or rolling one's eyes.
Adapters

The kinds of scratching, rubbing, tapping,

and touching that people often do with their
hands.
They may not be perceived as
meaningfully related to the speech in which
they accompany, but may serve as the basis
for dispositional inferences of the speaker's
emotion (nervous, uncomfortable, bored.)
Posture

There are many different types of body

positioning to portray certain postures,
including slouching, towering, legs spread,
jaw thrust, shoulders forward, and arm
crossing. The posture or bodily stance
exhibited by individuals communicates a
variety of messages whether good or bad.
Symbolic

Other hand movements are considered to

be gestures. They are movements with
specific, conventionalized meanings called
symbolic gestures. Familiar symbolic gestures
include the "raised fist," "bye-bye," and
"thumbs up." In contrast to adapters,
symbolic gestures are used intentionally and
serve a clear communicative function.
Eye contact

Eye contact is the instance when two

people look at each other's eyes at the same
time; it is the primary nonverbal way of
indicating engagement, interest, attention
and involvement.
Haptics
The study of touching as nonverbal
communication, and haptic communication
refers to how people and other animals
communicate via touching.
Touches among humans that can be defined as
communication include handshakes, holding
hands, kissing (cheek, lips, hand), back
slapping, high fives, a pat on the shoulder,
and brushing an arm.
STRATEGIES FOR EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
1. Listening
Good listening skills and showing a
genuine interest are attributes of a
successful communicator.
2. Use Names
When meeting people make sure you
hear the person's name and use it right away
so you will remember it. If you are not sure
what the person said, ask him/her to repeat
it.
3. Get to the Point
Show value for people's time by being as
concise as possible when giving information.
Do not give lengthy, unnecessary details and
don't make excuses for your mistakes. Answer
the question and give important information
only.
4. Let Others Talk
Don't be a person who does all the talking.
What you are saying may be of interest to you
only. Keep the other person in mind, giving
him/her a chance to be a part of the
conversation. Look for signals that you may be
boring your listener and ask questions to
involve them in the conversation.
5. Non-verbal Language
95% percent of our communication is non-
verbal, which includes: eye movement, tone
of voice, posture, facial expressions and hand
gestures. When talking to someone keeping
eye contact without staring shows a sense of
confidence. Be aware of non-verbal
communication and keep it consistent with
your message.
6. Vocal Cues
Do not use an excessive amount of 'filler'
words (sayings or words repeated often),
sounds such as "uh, um" or use lengthy
pauses during conversation. The listener will
lose interest in what you are saying and will
become bored.