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This document summarizes key information about chemical reactions:
1) Chemical reactions alter the arrangements of atoms by breaking bonds between some atoms and forming new bonds between different atoms.
2) During a chemical reaction, reactant atoms and molecules interact to form products that have different chemical properties than the reactants.
3) Chemical reactions usually either liberate or absorb heat.
This document summarizes key information about chemical reactions:
1) Chemical reactions alter the arrangements of atoms by breaking bonds between some atoms and forming new bonds between different atoms.
2) During a chemical reaction, reactant atoms and molecules interact to form products that have different chemical properties than the reactants.
3) Chemical reactions usually either liberate or absorb heat.
This document summarizes key information about chemical reactions:
1) Chemical reactions alter the arrangements of atoms by breaking bonds between some atoms and forming new bonds between different atoms.
2) During a chemical reaction, reactant atoms and molecules interact to form products that have different chemical properties than the reactants.
3) Chemical reactions usually either liberate or absorb heat.
arrangements of atoms. CALIFORNIA BEFORE, you learned NOW, you will learn Content Standards • Atoms of one element differ • About chemical changes and 8.5.a Students know from atoms of all other how they occur reactant atoms and elements • About three types of chemical molecules interact to • Chemical bonds hold reactions form products with compounds together • How the rate of a chemical different chemical • Chemical bonds may be ionic reaction can be changed properties. or covalent 8.5.c Students know chemical reactions usually liberate heat or absorb heat. EXPLORE Chemical Changes (8.5.a) 8.5.d Students know How can you identify a chemical change? physical processes include freezing and PROCEDURE MATERIALS boiling, in which a • vinegar material changes 1 Pour about 3 cm (1 in.) of vinegar into the • clear bowl form with no chemical bowl. Add a spoonful of salt. Stir until the reaction. • plastic spoon salt dissolves. • table salt 2 Put the pennies into the bowl. Wait two • 20 pennies minutes, and then put the nail into the bowl. • large iron nail VOCABULARY 3 Observe the nail after five minutes and record your observations. chemical reaction p. 271 reactant p. 273 WHAT DO YOU THINK? product p. 273 • What did you see on the nail? Where do you precipitate p. 274 think it came from? catalyst p. 278 • Did a new substance form? What evidence supports your conclusion?
Atoms interact in chemical reactions.
You see substances change every day. Some changes are physical, such as when liquid water changes to water vapor during boiling. Other COMBINATION NOTES changes are chemical, such as when wood burns to form smoke and Use combination notes ash, or when rust forms on iron. During a chemical change, substances to organize information about how atoms change into one or more different substances. interact during chemical reactions. A chemical reaction produces new substances by changing the way in which atoms are arranged. In a chemical reaction, bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds form between different atoms. This breaking and forming of bonds takes place when particles of the original materials collide with one another. After a chemical reaction, the new arrangements of atoms form different substances.