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Material
Tutorial
Single Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
00
Contents
Single-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
Step 1: Initial Setting
Step 7: CS Definition - How to define composite section for construction stages in midas Civil.
- How to interpret the tendon losses, forces, stresses represented by midas Civil.
Step 8: Analysis Control
- How to perform PSC Girder design
Step 9: Reinforcement
December 14,
Revision Date
2018
Step
00 Overview
01 Initial Setting
1 2
Procedure 3
Invoke midas Civil
4
1 Open New File
3 Go to > “Tools”
.
6
Procedure 6
2 1
1 Go to > “Properties”
2 Click on “Material Properties”
3 Click on “Add” to define materials
Define Material data as:
4 Name > M50
Type of design> Concrete
Concrete Standard > IS (RC) 3
DB: M50
Click on Apply
4 5
Name> M40
Type of Design: Concrete
Concrete Standard: IS(RC)
DB: M40
Click on Apply
02 Material & Section Definition – Time Dependent Material Properties (Creep &Shrinkage)
Procedure
1
3
1 Go to “Properties”
2
2 Creep/Shrinkage
8 Click on “Close”
Similarly, Follow Steps from 3 to 6
to define time dependent material
Note: To get the creep & shrinkage strains, the value of relative humidity is to be considered as 70%, Notional size of member, h as
for M40. 1000mm and Age of concrete at the beginning of shrinkage as 3 days. Later, the h value would be automatically updated for
composite sections
02 Material & Section Definition – Time Dependent Material Properties (Comp. Strength)
Procedure
1 3
1 Go to “Properties” 3
2 Click on “Comp. Strength”
2
3 Click on “Add” to define properties
7 Click on Close
02 Material & Section Definition – Time Dependent Material Properties (Material Link)
Procedure
1
1 Go to “Properties”
Click on “Material Link” 2
2 3
for M50
3 Creep/Shrinkage > M50 from list
5
4 Comp. Strength > M50 from list
5 Double click on M50 under
7 Click on “Close”
LONGITUDINAL ELEVATION
END C/S FOR TENDON ARRANGEMENT MID C/S FOR TENDON ARRANGEMENT
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM
Procedure 1
4
1 Go to “Properties” 2 5
2 Click “Section Properties”
3 Click on “Add...”
4 Click on tab “Composite”
5 Define Section:
Name > Mid-Section 3
Section Type > Composite-I
Slab: Bc > 3m, tc > 0.225, Hh > 0
Click on “Symmetry”
See the PSC Viewer and enter the section
dimension parameters 6
HL1: 0.15, HL2: 0.1, HL3: 1.43,
HL4:0.12, HL5:0.3, BL1: 0.14, BL2: 0.425
BL4: 0.3750
6 Click on “Select material from DB…”
7
Concrete material for slab:
DB: IS(RC) 8
Name: M40
Concrete material for Girder:
DB: IS(RC)
Name: M50
7 Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top
8 Click on “Apply” Note: The internal Process of section offset is explained in the help file .
Path: Help > Contents > Start > Model > Properties > Section, When Section tab is opened under offset, click on ‘Details’
Procedure
1 Name > End-Section
1
2 Section Type > Composite-I
2
Slab: Bc > 3m, tc > 0.225, Hh > 0
Click on “Symmetry”
See the PSC Viewer and enter the
section dimension parameters
HL1: 0.15, HL2: 0.1, HL3: 1.43, HL4:0.12,
HL5:0.3, BL1: 0.3749, BL2: 0.425,
BL4: 0.3750
3 Click on “Select material from DB…” 6
3
Concrete material for slab:
DB: IS(RC)
Name: M40
Concrete material for Girder: 4
DB: IS(RC)
5
Name: M50
4 Click “Change Offset”
Note: The internal Process of section offset is explained in the help file .
Path: Help > Contents > Start > Model > Properties > Section, When Section tab is opened under offset, click on ‘Details’
Procedure
1 Click on tab “Tapered” 2
1
2 Define Taper Left Section:
3 Name > End-Mid
Section Type > Composite-I 3
Select “Mid-Section”
Click on “Import”
4 Click on “Select material from DB…”
Concrete material for slab:
DB: IS(RC)
Name: M40
5
Concrete material for Girder:
6
DB: IS(RC)
Name: M50
Select y Axis Variation as “Linear”
Select z Axis Variation as “Linear”
5 Click “Change Offset”
Procedure
1 Click on tab “Tapered” 2
1
2 Define Taper Left Section:
3 Name >Mid-End
Section Type > Composite-I 3
Select “End-Section”
Click on “Import”
4 Click on “Select material from DB…”
Concrete material for slab:
DB: IS(RC)
Name: M40 5
Concrete material for Girder: 6
DB: IS(RC)
Name: M50
Select y Axis Variation as “Linear”
Select z Axis Variation as “Linear”
5 Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top
6 Click on “Apply”
Procedure
1
Procedure
Define Dummy Cross Barrier
1 Name > Dummy Cross-Barrier 1
H > 0.225m, B > 0.5 m
2 Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top
3 Click on OK
2
3
Procedure
1
1 Click on “Node/Element” of Main Menu 2
2 Click on “Create Nodes” .
3 Go to “Tree Menu” 3
Note:
Procedure 2
3
1 Click on “Select All ” to select
the node no.1
2 Click on “Node/Elements”
1
3 Click on “Extrude”
Go to “Tree Menu”
4 Select Extrude Type “Node -> Line 4
Element”
5 Select Element Type “Beam” 5
6 Generating Elements: 6
Select Material “M50”
Select Section “Mid-Section”
Select Generation type “ Translate”
Select Translation “Unequal Distance”
Select Axis “X”
Distances >24@1 (refer Pg.9)
Click “Apply”
7 Click on “Close”
Procedure
1 Go to Top view
1
4 Go to Isometric View
Click,Drag and
Drop
3
Procedure
1 Go to Top view
1
2 Select Element no. 3, 4
Go to Tree Menu
2
Section
4
3 Drag and Drop 3: End-Mid into model
window
Go to Top view
Procedure
3
1 To view the model in isometric view 4
Click on
1
To copy the girder Thrice along +Y
direction at a spacing of 3m each
6
3 Click on “Node/Element”
4 Click on “Translate Element”
8
Single Girder copied thrice in +Y direction
Spaced at 3m
Procedure
2
3
1 Go to “Top View”
2 Go to Properties
3 Go to “Tapered Group”
Z-Axis: Linear
Y-Axis: Linear
6 Click on “Add”
Procedure
2
1 Go to “Top View” 3
2 Go to Properties
3 Go to “Tapered Group”
Y-Axis: Linear
6 Click on “Add”
Procedure 2
3
1 To view the model in Top view Click on
2 Click on “Node/Elements”
1
3 Click on “Create Elements” 4
Go to “Tree Menu”
4 Generating Element – Diaphragm:
8
Girders with End & Internal Diaphragms
Procedure 3
5
2 Click on “Select Single ”
2
Select 24m girder elements 1 to 25
1
3 Click on “Node/Elements”
5 Go to “Tree Menu”
Translation:
Nodes translated at
outer edge
Procedure 3
Go to “Node/Element” 1
3 2
Go to “Tree Menu”
6
5 Select Extrude Type “ Node -> Line
Element” 7
7 Generating Elements:
Select Material “Dummy”
Select Section “Dummy”
Select Generation type “ Translate”
Select Translation “ Unequal Distance”
Axis > y
Distances >1.5,3@3,1.5 Nodes Extruded in +Y direction @ 1.5,3@3,1.5m
Procedure 2
1 Go to “Top view” 3
2 Click on “Node/Elements”
3 Click on “Create Elements”
Go to “Tree Menu”
Generating Elements – Dummy CB : 4
1 .
4 Element Type > General Beam/ Tapered
Beam
5 Select Material > “Dummy”
Select Section > “Dummy Crash Barrier”
6 Check Node and Element check box
8
Dummy Edge Beams for Crash Barrier Loads
Procedure 3 3
4
1 Check in Message Window for Warning
about overlapping of elements
2
To delete these duplicated elements 5
3
Go to > “Structure”
Click > “Check/Duplicate Elements”
4
The duplicated elements would
automatically be deleted
7
To make sure all the Girders Cross
Beams are intersected
5 Go to > “Node/Elements” 8
6 Click Element “ Intersect”
7 Let the Tolerance be as default
8 Click “ Apply”
Procedure 1
1 Go to Node/Element 2
2 Click on “Translate”
3 Click on “Select Single“ to select top
girder nodes 3
Number of times: 1
103 107
5 Click on “Apply” and Close
Procedure 1
1 Go to Node/Element 2
Procedure 1
2 3
Click “ Close”
Note: Structure groups, Boundary groups and Load groups are especially dedicated to Construction Stage analysis (of a sequential
bridge construction) where each part of the total structure erected in each stage needs to be identified as a different structure
from those of other stages.
2
1 Click on the Top View button to
4
switch to top view.
Go to “Tree Menu”
Click “Group Tab”
Under “Structure Group”
2 Assigning CS1 Group
Select elements and nodes as shown
in CS1 figure, drag & drop the
Structure group “CS1 - CS 1 Superstructure
Superstructure” over the Model
View window
CS 3-Dummy
2 Cross Beam- Moving Load
Use filter selection at the bottom in
y-direction and click on
“Select all”
Procedure
1
1 Click “Boundary” in Main Menu
2
2 Click “Rigid Link…”
Go to “Tree Menu” 3
3 Select Boundary Group Name “Rigid
Link”
4 Click on “Master Node Number: Text
4
Box” . Note the text box changes to pale
/
green color. Now Click on Node no. 101
in model window
Procedure
1
1 Click “Boundary” in Main Menu 2
2 Click “Elastic Links”
3
Go to “Tree Menu”
3 Boundary Group Name “Bearings_Elastic
Links”
4
4 Elastic Link Type : “General”
1 Go to “Boundary” 3
2 Go to “Define Supports”
4
4 Options : Add
5 5
Check “D-ALL” and “R-ALL”
6 Click “Apply”
Procedure 1
1
1 Go to “Load” tab 2 2
Name : “SW”
Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Self Weight”
Click “Add”
Name : “SIDL”
Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Wearing Course” 3
Click “Add”
06 Load Definition – Assigning Static Load Cases (SW & Crash Barrier Load)
Procedure 1
1 Go to “Load” tab 2 6
2 Click “Self Weight…”
Go to “Tree Menu”
3 Select Load Case Name “Self Weight”
Select Load Group Name “SW”
Enter Self Weight Factor, Z : “-1”
3
4 Click “Add”
5 Click “Close”
Assigning Crash Barrier Load
Go to “Load” tab
6 Click “Element”
Go to “Tree Menu”
Go to “Load”
Select Load Case Name “Crash Barrier”
Select Load Group Name “Crash Barrier”
Select Load Type “Uniform Loads”
Select Load Direction “Global Z”
Enter w “-8.4” KN/m
In “Tree Menu 2” > “Works” tab , double
click “Section: 7.Dummy Edge Beams ” to
select the edge beam Elements
7 Click “Apply” 4
5 7
Procedure
1
1 Go to “Load” tab 2
2 Click Static Loads > Beam Load >
“Element”
3 Go to “Tree Menu”
Go to “Load”
3
Select Load Case Name “SIDL-WC”
4 Click “Apply”
Procedure 1
2
Assigning Wet Concrete Load
1 Go to “Load” tab
3
2 Click Static Loads > Beam Load > “Element”
Procedure 1
1 Go to “Load” of Main Menu 2 3
2 Click “Temp/Prestress”
3 Click “Tendon Property”
4 Click “Add”
5 Enter Tendon Name “Tendon”
Select Tendon Type “Internal(Post-
4 5
Tension” 5
Procedure
3
Defining Tendon profile using 1 c
Tendon Template
1 Goto Structure
Procedure
3
Defining Tendon profile using
Tendon Template
1 Click on “Add”
2 Tendon Property: Tendon
3 Plan (xy)
Procedure
3
Defining Tendon profile using
Tendon Template
1 Click on “Apply”
2 Select the girder elements as shown
4
3 Click on “Apply”
Similarly, follow steps from 2 to 3 for
remaining girders.
4 Click on “OK”
1,3
Procedure 1
1 Go to “Load” > “Temp/Prestress” 2
2
Click “Tendon Prestress”
Change Unit to N and mm
3
Go to “Tree Menu” 4
3
Note: Three layer sequential prestressing is considered for each girder.
Single Span PSC I girder Bridge 45
Step
CS-3 Casting of Diaphragm and Cross elements CS-4 Application of SIDL Loads and check the
Long Term Stresses of Structure
1 Go to “Load”
2 Click “Construction Stage”
3 Click “Define C.S”
4 Click “Add”
5
6
6 Click “Element” tab
7 Select “CS1 – Superstructure” under 7
Group List 8
9
Note: Age reflects the effects of creep and shrinkage on the elements. The Age
represents the time elapsed from the time of concrete casting prior to the start of
the current construction stage being defined. That is, the Age is the maturity of the
element groups at the start of the current stage being defined. The Age typically
represents the time span from the time of concrete casting to the time of removal
of formwork for horizontal members such as slabs.
1
2 Select “supports, bearings and Rigid 3
2
links” under Group List
4 Click “Add”
10 10
Defining Load Group for CS1 4
5 Click “Load” tab
0.6
11 Select Active day in the group list as
0.2 days and click on Add for PS-1.
12 Click on “OK”
8
Similarly, Add 0.4 and 0.6 days for
PS-2 and PS-3 respectively.
12
6 8 3
Click on “OK”
5
5
9
5 Click “Add”
5 v
6 Click on “Load Tab” 5
Select “Wet concrete” under group
list.
7 Inactive Day > “First” 6
8 Click on “Add”
7 v
9 Click on “Ok”
2 Go to “Load Tab”
2
Select SIDL and Crash Barrier under
3
group list
4 Click on “Add”
5 Click on “OK”
For Part II 5
Select Material Type “Material”
Select Material “M30”
Select Composite Stage “CS3”
Enter Age “14” days
#h will be automatically entered
5 Click “Apply”
7 Click “Close”
Moving Loads – 1 4
2
Define Code & Lane
1 Go to “Load” > Click “Moving Load”
2 “Moving Load Code” select “India”
3 Click “Traffic Line Lanes”
3
4 Click “Add”
5
5 Lane Name > “Lane-1 Class A”
Eccentricity “1.55”m
Wheel Spacing “1.8”m
Span Length > 24m
Vehicular load distribution >
“Cross Beam- Moving Load “
Moving Direction > Both
136 160
6 Select Selection by “2 Points”
Click on node no. 136
Click on Node no. 160
7 Click “OK”
Similarly “Add” Eccentricity 6
Lane Name > “Lane-2 Class A”
Eccentricity “ 5.05”m
Wheel Spacing “1.8”m
Vehicular load distribution > “Cross Traffic Direction
7
Beam- Moving Load “
Moving Direction > Both
Select Selection by “2 Points” Eccentricity
Click on node no. 136
Click on Node no. 160 &
8 Click “OK” 8
Moving Loads –
2
Define Code & Lane
1 Click “Add”
2 Lane Name > “Lane-3 Class A”
3 Eccentricity “8.55”m 1
Wheel Spacing “1.8”m
Span Length > 24 m 3
Vehicular load distribution >
“Cross Beam- Moving Load “
Moving Direction > Both
5 Click on “Add”
Standard Load”
5
6 Select Vehicular Load Type “Class A” 6
9
7 Click “OK” 6
8 7
7 8
10 Click “OK”
Note: To take into account of the wheel spacing and minimum clearance for different vehicles, the Auto Live Load Combination
option can be unchecked and manually different moving load combinations can be created for the vehicles as per IRC 6:2000.
Note: To take into account of the wheel spacing and minimum clearance for different vehicles, the Auto Live Load Combination
option can be unchecked and manually different moving load combinations can be created for the vehicles as per IRC 6:2000.
Analysis Control-
1
Construction Stage
2
1 Go to “Analysis” tab
5 Click on “Add”
Load case name: SIDL-WC
Load Type for C.S.: Dead load of Wearing
Surfaces and Utilities
Select Load case SIDL-WC under group list 4
Similarly, Add for SIDL-CB and Wet-
Concrete Load.
6 5 8
->
7 Click on “OK”
9 Click “OK” Note: For detailed explanation on Construction Stage Analysis Control refer the
help file (or Press F1 )
7 Path: Help > Contents > Start > Analysis > Construction Stage Analysis Control
7
1 Go to “Properties”
2 Click “Section manager >
Reinforcements…”
3 Select “Mid-Section”
4 Click on “Copy Reinforcement…” 3 5
List
6 ->
7 Click on “OK”
8 Click on “Apply” and “Close”
4
8 7
Note:
In case the diameter of rebars is not in terms of
P(dia), then change the rebar material code from
Tools > Preferences > Design > Concrete >
Rebar > Material Code > Select IS(RC) & Click OK
Load Combinations 1
2
table below .
5 Click on “Close”
Load Combination
MVL ULS SLS
We can use “copy” command in load comb Dead Load(CS) − 1.35 1
inations to create SLS-1 and SLS-2. Wearing Course(CS) − 1.75 1
Just for an example, same SLS load
Load Cases and Factors
11 Result> Reaction
Result-Reaction 2 1
6
1 Go to “Results” tab 3
2 Click “Reactions”
3 Click “Reaction Forces/Moments” 7
4 Select “Load Cases/Combinations”
To view the results in Model View
4
Window, select “Components” 4
Select “Value”
5 Click “Apply”
8 Click “OK”
9 Check the values in new window 5
“Result-[Reaction]”
11 Result> Displacement
Result-Displacement 1
1
1 Go to “Results” tab 2 2
2 Click “Deformations” 4
3
3
3 Click “Displacement Contour”
Result-Beam Diagrams 1
2
1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Results Tables>Beams> Forces
& Stresses” 3 6
Item”
7 Click “OK”
Result-
1
Moving Vehicle Tracer
1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Moving Load Tracer> 2
Select Part “I ”
Select Component “My”
4 Click “Apply”
Result- 3
4
Moving Vehicle Tracer 5
11 Result> Stresses
Result-
Stresses 1
2
1 Go to “Results” of Main Menu
2 Click “Stresses> Beam Stresses”
3 Select Load Cases/Combinations “
4 Select “Components”
3
5 Click Type of Display “Contour”
6 Click “Apply”
7 See the Contour diagram in the 4
Result-
1
Tendon Loss 2
1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Result Tables>Tendon>Tendon
Loss”
3 See the various tendon loss in tabular
3
format in the window “Result-[tendon
Loss (Tendon Group)]”
4 To Check the tendon losses in Graphical
Form Goto> Results> Bridge> Tendon
Loss Graph
Result-
1
Elastic Link Forces 2
1 Go to “Results” tab
5
2 Click “Result Tables>Elastic Link…”
3
Select the Load cases/Combination
4 Click “OK”
in “Result-[Elastic Link]”
PSC Design-
Input Design Parameters 1
5
1 Go to “PSC” > Select “IRC:112-2011” 2
2 Click “Parameters”
4 Click “OK”
7 For Girder,
Concrete Material Selection :
Code > “IS(RC)” ; Grade > M50
8 Click “Modify” 8
PSC Design-
Design Position & Output 1
1 Go to “PSC” tab
2
2 Click “Design/ Output Position”
Select > Design Position
3 Select All Girder elements
Moment > I & J 3 5
Type”
3 Select “SLS” from “Serviceability” tab
4 Add it to “Characteristic” tab
3
Similarly, Add SLS-1 and SLS-2 to Quasi-
permanent and Frequent respectively.
5 Click on “OK”
6 To Perform Design
7 Click “Perform Design”
After the Design is performed,
Click “ Excel Report” to export the
design results in Excel Format.
4
PSC Design-
1
Design Result Tables 2
Results Table:
3
1 Go to “PSC” tab
Design Forces:
4 Click “Design Forces”
Select the Elements & Part Number
3
4
5 Click “OK”
PSC Design- 1
PSC Result Diagram
2 3
1 Go to “PSC” tab
6
check
5 Click “Close”
7 Select Components 5
8 Click “ Apply”
8
Note: This feature enables users to check result diagrams in contours. We can see the member
force diagrams along with the nominal strength diagram.