Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
mechanical solidarity which means that the basis of people’s cooperation and society’s integration
is due to similar experiences in work, lifeways, values and worldviews.
“People converge because they need one another and they benefit from each other’s work or
production”
Society represents the idea of a modern, urbanized, and geographically and
demographically complex society that characterizes the newly emerged nation-state in the West.
The Germans call this Gesselschaft.
Community is smaller in geographical and demographic scope, communal in social relations and
traditional in behavior and worldview
Gesellschaft (society) is a civil society in which the individual needs are given more importance than the
social association.
Gemeinschaft (community) is a social association in which the individuals are inclined towards social
community rather than their individual wants and needs.
“Gemeinschaft” mainly emphasizes common mores wherein the individuals believe in appropriate
behavior and responsibility of each other to the association instead of focusing on individual interests and
needs
Common misconceptions of meeting with a counseling professional:
4. A counselor is a problem-solver
COUNSELING
The Art and Science of Counseling
COUNSELING
(The Art and Science of Counseling)
Counseling
COUNSELING
(The Art and Science of Counseling and Goals of Counseling)
The Goals of Counseling
Kottler and Shepard
The goals that are common to counselors and that are essentially indicative of their
professional identity includes assisting client’s in:
COUNSELING
(Goals of Counseling)
6. Increase awareness of the self by identifying their strengths and weaknesses
7. Become mindful of the realities of life and be able to apply effective principles of coping
and adjusting to the different experiences they encounter in life
8. Learn to seek for more options or choices to be well-informed before making a decision
9. Achieve autonomy from counseling as they have learned life skills
One of the important goals of the counseling process is to move the client towards proper and
empowered self-management.
COUNSELING
(Goals of Counseling)
Importance of Counseling
COUNSELING
(Importance of Counseling)
General classifications of problems and reasons why clients
need to consult counselors:
1. Academic difficulties
2. Personal Concerns
3. Social Concerns
4. Emotional difficulties
COUNSELING
(Classifications of problems and reasons)
General classifications of problems and reasons why
clients need to consult counselors:
5. Psychological Challenges
6. Family problems
7. Career- related concerns
COUNSELING
(Classifications of problems and reasons)
The Core Values of Counseling
1. Each person is naturally pure and good – if you share the same belief, then you treat every individual with
care and respect, operate from a nonjudgemental point of view and try to understand why some persons
cannot perform or function well
2. The primary role of a counselor is to give support so that client will be able to attain autonomy
- this would enhance the client’s sense of responsibility so that he or she could soon arrive at a better
position and see how he or she influences and is influenced by social forces
3. The essential values that will compel and sustain you in doing this work are love and compassion
4. An effective counselor finds the job’s intrinsic rewards more interesting than its extrinsic ones
- intrinsic rewards come from the counselor’s sens of fulfillment in seeing his or her clients achieve life
success, attain autonomy, and exercise effective cooping skills.
5. Deals with life through an attitude of gratitude and forgiveness
- you have to keep on inspiring other people to be well and do well; be hopeful and confident in facing
life’s challenges
The Professional Counselor
Informal helpers- are those who are not formally equipped with standardized
strategies or approaches.
Instructions:
3. Genuineness - he or she is authentic, open and in touch with his or her thoughts and
feelings
5. Cultural Competence – counselors must know and understand the background of their
clients such as traditions, beliefs and family system.
Establishing Rapport
Verbal messages
- spoken words through stories or insights shared by the counselee
Non-verbal messages
- cues or indicators of kept thoughts and feelings that may indicate
personal issues or problems of the counselee