GI TECHNOLOGIES

&
THEIR APPLICATIONS
 Geographic Information Technologies

Data Collection

Global Positioning Systems (GPS)

Remote Sensing (RS)

Data Integration

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS (GPS)
Handheld GPS

NOMAD series (1-3m)

Trimble GeoXT series

(Sub-meter accuracy)
Trimble GeoXH series
(Decimeter accuracy)

Smart phone
(> 4m) Trimble Juno series
(2-5m)
Varying GPS accuracies
 Handheld GPS Performance

Asset management Data collection

• Inspect ion Location and Precision

• Keep data up to date

Geo 6000
Geo 5 series
series

Geo 3000
Juno 5 series
series
Juno 3 series

Remember that here is no substitute for data confidence

Remote Sensing Technology

GIS draws from
• Cartography, - science (and art) of map-making

• Remote Sensing - Earth observation from space

• Geodesy - accurate measurement of the Earth

• Surveying - accurate measurement of features on the Earth

• Global Positioning System

• Photogrammetry - measurement from photographs and images

• Image Processing - analysis of image data

• Printing Technology

• Computer Science – software and hardware

• Database Management

• Spatial Statistics – AND willingness to venture into the unknown

7
What Can GIS Do for You?
 GIS
Expands your Insights

A Powerful Learning Tool

Information Integration Tool for Problem Solving

Land Use
Legal

Other Environmental
 GIS Sixth Part
People APPLICATIONS

Hardware Data

GIS

Software Procedures
 GIS Application Areas
 Teaching and Research  Cartographic Production
 Engineering and Surveying  Geologic Mapping
 Environmental Analysis  Public Safety (Crime mapping)
 Archeology
 Water Resources
 Oil and Gas Exploration
 Transportation
 Planning and Zoning
 Demographic Analysis
 Forest Resource Inventory
GIS for Engineering and
Surveying
GIS allows Civil Engineers and Surveyors to manage, share data and turn
it into easily understood reports and visualizations that can be analyzed
and communicated to others.
What GIS Technology can do…
GIS Technology enhances workflows in:
• Project Management

• Analysis and design

It provides the tools for :

• Creating,

• Managing,

• Analyzing and

• Visualizing the data associated with developing and managing

infrastructure.
GIS Technology can be used in…

• Design process

• Field Data Collection and Editing

• Data Analysis, modelling & Visualisation

• Data Sharing and access

• Project team Coordination

• Effective Decision making.

 GIS for Engineering/Surveying

• Calculating topography
• Terrain from DEM,
• Contour profiling
• Topographical engineering,
• Calculating Voids, Volumes,
• Water flows and marking control points
 Surveying - Data Collection

ArcGIS has specific functions to collect precise site data used

for pre-
pre-design analysis
analysis;; design
design;; and calculations including:
including:

• Location,

• Topography,

• Sensitive environmental areas,

• Other site specific design-grade data.

ENVIRONMENTAL
APPLICATIONS
Spatial Analysis
Suitability
Analysis
 How do we combine these datasets?

Surface Terrain Watersheds Streams Water bodies

An integrated raster-vector
Overlaying database
 Buffering
Creation of an area of interest around an object

MapInfo
Road Corridor Visibility Analysis Model Output
Hot Spot Mapping
Other Applications
 GIS for Archaeology

• Spatial analysis of carbon dating results

• Mapping historical sites, trends and
patterns
• Mapping and evolution of species or rock
formations
ENGINEERING - Environmental Analysis
GIS contains high-level planning functions for:
• Site location including environmental impact mitigation,

• Alternative citing analysis,

• Routing utilities,

• What-if scenarios,

• Visualization of concept options,

• Data overlay,

• Modelling

• Benefit/cost alternatives analysis.

GIS for Agriculture/Environment

• EIA

• Precision Agriculture,

• Measuring/Mapping water table for agriculture,

• Measuring Forest cover for Environment