Acknowledgement

I would like to express my deep gratitude to Dr. Rusmawati (UPSI) and Mrs Wan Ahmad
Dzulkarnain (PPUKM) , my supervisors, for their patient guidance, enthusiastic encouragement
and useful critiques of this internship. I would also like to thank Noor farisah binti Razak
(PPUKM), for her advice and assistance in keeping my progress on schedule. My grateful thanks
are also extended to Wan Ahmad dzulkarnain for his help in doing the blood grouping and
antibody screening test, to Ms Eliza nor binti ahmad Rashid , who helped me calculate the
number of red blood cell, white blood cell, and to Ms.Nor afnizan mohd yusof and Mr. Raja
mohamad hafiz bin raja zahari for their support tech me the streaking method for bacterial
culture.

I would also like to extend my thanks to the technicians of the laboratory of the diagnostic
laboratory service department (PPUKM) for their help in offering me the resources in running
the program internship.

Finally, I wish to thank my parents for their support and encouragement throughout my intern
Content List

Page

1.0.Main Text

2.0.Introduction

3.0.Schedule of your training program or assignment/project

4.0.Specific Tasks

5.0.Types of activities/project according to timeline

6.0. Desired objectives

7.0. Materials/technique/effort/knowledge involved

8.0. New knowledge obtained (not necessarily technical)

9.0. Problems faced and relevant corrective action suggestions for improvisation

10.0. Activities that you like but did not get to follow

11.0. Conclusion

12.0. Critical observation on the overall industry performance

13.0. Observation

14.0. Industrial training experience (according to the suitability of the placement and tasks)

15.0. Suggestions

16.0. References

17.0. Related attachments

Main text

The background of PPUKM, UKM Faculty of Medicine was established in 1974 and started a
study session with the first intake of 44 students for the 1973/74 session. The original campus
was originally located at Jalan Pantai Baru Lembah Pantai and was later transferred to the
Wooden Building at the Kuala Lumpur Hospital Complex (HKL).

On February 27, 1975, HKL was declared the UKM Faculty of Medicine UKM. The permanent
faculty of Medicine was built next to HKL in 1977. 1979, UKM has successfully produced the
first batch of UKM Medical Doctors.

UKM has established its own Hospitals HQ and started its establishment on 02 November 1993.
The construction of HUKM started on a 23-hectare site at Jalan Yaakob Latiff, Bandar Tun
Razak, Cheras Kuala Lumpur. 01 July 1997, HUKM has been completed and commenced
operations with a variety of modern and up-to-date equipment and inaugurated by YAB Tun Dr.
Mahathir Mohamad, then Prime Minister of Malaysia on July 14, 1998.

On 20 February 2008, the Faculty of Medicine and HUKM have been combined to create an
entity known as the UKM Medical Center with the motto of 'Integrating Learning and
Community Research'. The transformation of these entities will allow the functions and activities
of separate institutions, faculties and hospitals to be streamlined and carried out more efficiently,
improving productivity and working practices. It will ensure that the administration of courses
and research activities can be done better including the services offered. All this will further
enhance the performance of PPUKM as well as increase its position among regional and
international medical institutions.

Tuanku Muhriz's Hospital Chancellor (HCTM), PPUKM is the new name for the Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia Hospital which has been nominated by DYMM Tuanku Muhriz Ibni
Almarhum Tuanku Munawir, UKM Chancellor on 14 October 2014. This new branding is a
recognition and pride of UKM citizens on the continuity the excellence of the teaching hospital
for the UKM Faculty of Medicine established in 1997 to produce specialists in various fields of
medicine and health.

In spite of that expertise in the Department of Pathology includes various disciplines in

pathology: Anatomical Pathology, Hematology, Chemical Pathology, Forensic Pathology,
Perinatal Pathology, Molecular Diagnostics and Blood Services Services.

Donations other than teaching and clinical expertise in pathology, the department is also
proactive in research for every discipline and has earned a high number of research grants.
Grants obtained by academic staff also accommodate many candidates for Master of Medical
Science and Doctor of Philosophy in this department.

The combination of highly motivated, innovative, creative and ethical academic staff and support
staff is able to cater for the success of the leading Research University.
Introduction
Dignostic laboratory service department is one of the departments available at the national
medical center of malaysia. The dignostic lab service department is a department that provides
dignostic laboratory services to PPUKM, UKMSC and becomes a reference laboratory for
private and government hospitals. The services provided include the phlebotomy for specialist
clinics, testing and management of all cases of death at PPUKM. 24-hour service is offered for
certain tests to meet immediate and critical care needs.
Objective (JPMD PPUKM)

-providing efficient service, reliable, and cost-effective

-establish and develop specialized services

-able to act on customer needs and provide customer-friendly services.

-support quality research and thrust fields.

-provide comprehensive and persistent training for health profession members

-ensuring a conducive working environment

-nurturing teamwork

-create a cheerful, pure, proactive, creative and innovative work culture

Vision

JPMD is committed to excellence in providing professional and high-tech services, based on

medical proposition, innovative research and customer needs, as well as a regional reference
point

Mission

being a dignostic laboratory service department as a leading medical center and providing high
quality and customer-friendly services for the general public.
Organization chart.
Timetable for internship.

MINGGU 1-HEMATOLOGI

MINGGU 2- HEMATOLOGI

MINGGU 3-MICROBIOLOGY

MINGGU 4-MICROBIOLOGY

MINGGU 5-HISTOPATOLOGY

MINGGU 6-HISTOPATOLOGY

MINGGU 7-BLOOD BANK

MINGGU 8-BLOOD BANK

MINGGU 9-PATOLOGY CHEMISTRY

MINGGU 10-PATOLOGY CHEMISTRY

 types of activities / projects in the order of time

Weeks Weekly Activity Carried out Knowledge/skill Impact and Comment/Sug Site
acquired effect on gestion Supervis
students or name

1  Merekod dan melabel -Dapat menentukan The learning committed Noor

sampel darah di julat normal sel process in the and carrying farisah
syeksen Kaunter darah merah,sel hematology out the task binti
 melakukanUjian fbc darah unit taught me well to Razak
(full blood count) putih,haemoglobin the importance develop (hematol
 melakukan ujian fbp dan lain-lain yang of analyzing communicatio ogi)
(full blood -picture) berkaitan dengan blood for n skills and
 coagulation darah certain need more
 ujian G6PD -Boleh menentukan diseases. understanding
screening&level morphologi jenis of every test
 mengedalikan mesin sel darah conducted
sysmex XN1,mesin -Dapat menentukan
sysmex XN2 dan STA tempoh masa
COMPAX Max 2 pembekuan darah
-Mengetahui
bagaimana
menentukan
kehadiran enzim
G6PD dalam darah
bayi

2  melakukanStaining/pe -knowing and taught me new Good and Noor

warnaan pada sampel being able to techniques and commited on farisah
darah dalam sumsung acquire new skills analyzes in the task have binti
tulang(bone marrow) in detecting the diagnosing the been given. Razak
 menggunakan disease through the disease, based Need to (hematol
mikroskop ujian sumsung on blood improve on ogi)
 ujian flowcitometri tulang, fbp and specimens self confident.
 melakukan ujian fbp flowcytometry.
-mengetahui
tempoh masa setiap
ujian dilakukan
Weeks Weekly Activity Knowledge/skill Impact and Comment/Suggestion Site
Carried out acquired effect on Supervisor
students name
1 make observations, knowing and teach me more have done the MOHD
understandings, being able to discipline in assignment perfectly. HERMAN
practical about blood acquire new the job sector Increase efforts to be MOBIN
analysis ie, blood skills in and always more successful (Blood Bank
grouping forward and analyzing blood work together, Unit)
reverse and antibody groups and and move
screening for DAT antibodies using together in one
and IAT for tubular certain team or
method techniques organization

2 create and learn new knowledge identifying the there is an increase in MOHD
GXM (crossmatch) in patient importance of the conduct of study HERMAN
techniques as well as management and managing techniques. MOBIN
management blood storage patient (Blood Bank
procedures at sample areas as well as information or Unit)
reception and safety issues data at the
procedures and safety sample
aspects reception and
instilling the
integrity of the
task

3 practicing and new knowledge shows an possessed knowledge NURUL

studying the in patient important in lab tests AFIQAH
specimen reception management and symptom of exchanged in MOHAMED
procedures, and the blood analysis chempathology chemical pathology. HISHAM
procedure as well as sections such as unit to analyze (Chemical
introducing SOPs of biochemistry, blood in Pathology
biochemical, immunoassay, PPUKM Unit)
immunoassay, and ABG, PCT and diagnostic
ABG sections, as osmometer laboratory
well as PCT
4 making observations, learn and gain taught me to a fairly good NURUL
understanding of the new experiences carry out the commitment and AFIQAH
section ie HbA1C, in the chempath tasks assigned knowledge of the MOHAMED
ESR, FEME Urine unit and expose and to work tests conducted in the HISHAM
and UPT, knowing a wide range of more diligently chemical pathology (Chemical
the importance of sophisticated laboratory. Can be Pathology
each part in analyzing modern improved in terms of Unit)
patient samples. analyzers to communication
analyze patient
specimens.

5
8
9
10

TUGASAN SPESIFIK

 UNIT HEMATOLOGI
Unit hematologi sebenarnya berfungsi sebagai menganalisis penyakit yang berkaitan
dengan darah.Ia juga memberi perkhidmatan diagnostik dalam bidang hematologi kepada
 beberapa hospital kerajaan (melalui temu janji) serta perkhidmatan sokongan terhadap
sokongan lain-lain aktiviti Pusat Darah Negara.

Tugasan:
Unit hematologi adalah unit minggu pertama saya ditempatkan di PPUKM.25/3/2019.
Sepanjang 2 minggu saya berada di unit hematologi,saya dibenarkan untuk menjaga
syeksen kaunter bagi menerima sampel darah pesakit yang dihantar oleh pembantu
kesihatan(PK).Saya ditugaskan untuk melabel no makmal pada sampel darah dan borang
permintaan ujian.Seterusnya,saya ditugaskan untuk mengandalikan mesin SYSMEX XN1
dan mesin SYSMEX XN2 di mana ia berfungsi untuk menganalisis sampel darah untuk
melihat julat normal sel darah merah,sel darah putih,haemoglobin dan lain-lain yang
berkaitan dengan darah.Ujian ini dimanakan FBC(full blood count).Saya juga diarahkan
oleh pegawai sains untuk membuat ujian FBP (full blood picture) di mana ujian ini untuk
melihat morphologi kandungan darah pesakit.Seterusnya saya ditugaskan untuk
melakukan ujian G6PD screening di bawah sinar uv melalui bentuk fluorensen dan G6PD
level.Di sini saya dibenarkan untuk membuat ujian tersebut untuk menganalisis kehadiran
enzim G6PD di dalam sampel darah bayi .Tugasan seterusnya ialah,saya dibenarkan
untuk mengendalikan mesin STA COMPAX MAX2 untuk membuat ujian “coagulation” di
mana untuk melakukan pengukuran masa pembekuan di dalam plama pesakit.Pada
minggu kedua,saya ditugaskan untuk melakukan perwarnaan ke atas sampel darah yang
diambil dari sumsung tulang belakang pesakit pada slaid kaca.Akhir sekali,saya
ditugaskan untuk belajar melihat graf (julat normal) bagi menentukan pesakit tersebut
positif atau negatif melalui ujian (flowcytometry).Contoh penyakit yang terlibat adalah
penyakit tb,denggi dan limfosit.

 UNIT MICROBIOLOGY
Tugasan:

Di unit microbiologi saya dibenarkan untuk memasuki syeksen

bakteriologi,immunologi,virologi dan media. Pada hari pertama minggu ketiga saya di
tempatkan di syeksen bakteriologi terlebih dahulu.Saya ditugaskan untuk melakukan
striking pada plat agar daripada sampel urin(air kencing),nanah,darah dan kahak.Tujuan
ujian ini,untuk menentukan jumlah koloni,single koloni dan jenis bakteria pada sample
pesakit di plat agar.Seterusnya,saya ditugaskan untuk menentukan ciri-ciri sel darah
putih, sel epithelium,yeast dan jenis bakteria pada slaid kaca yang mengandungi urin
pesakit dengan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya.Saya juga dibenarkan untuk melakukan
(grain staining) daripada sampel urin untuk menentukan gram positif atau gram negatif
setelah dilihat menggunakan mikroskop .Selepas itu,saya ditugaskan untuk membuat
ujian rotavirus dan (occult blood ) dimana untuk mengesan kehadiran virus dan untuk
mengesan kehadiran darah dalam najis pesakit.Saya juga dibenarkan untuk meletakkan
sample darah pesakit jenis aerob dan anaerob di dalam mesin mastec.Pada syeksen
immunologi pula,saya tidak dibenarkan sama sekali untuk mengendalikan jenis-jenis
ujian yang terlibat kerana di situ mempunyai tahap risiko yang sangat tinggi tetapi saya
diberi satu buku log khas untuk mengisi jenis prinsip ujian yang terlibat.Pada syeksen
virology pula,saya ditugaskan untuk membuat ujian saringan denggi dan ujian kencing
tikus dengan menggunakan teknik immunokromatografi.Mengendalikan mesin cobas e
601 dan cobas 6000 untuk membuat ujian HIV.Akhir sekali, di syeksen media,saya
ditugaskan untuk mengendalikan mesin autoklaf, ph meter dan dispenser.Di syeksen
tersebut,saya juga dibenarkan untuk membuat 50 agar anaerob dalam satu hari setelah
diajar oleh kakitangan syeksen media aitu En Afandi.Tujuan agar di buat sebenarnya bagi
menjimatkan kos PPUKM itu sendiri.
  UNIT HISPATOLOGI
Unit histopatologi berfungsi sebagai pengujian keabnormalan tisu organ badan,
menjalankan pemprosesan specimen tisu ,menjalankan pemprosesan spesimen tisu
dan pemeriksaan mikroskopik ke atas slaid-slaid spesimen yang diterima dan
memberikan perkhidmatan kepakaran diagnostik berkaitan patogenesis sesuatu
penyakit.Syeksen yang terlibat di JPMD PPUKM ialah penerimaan
spesimen,pengrosan,pemprosesan,pembenaman tisu,pemotongan seksen
nipis,pewarnaan H&E,pelabelan slaid,irisan beku,pewarnaan khusu,pewarnaan
immunohistokimi,renal dan immunofluresen (IF).

Tugasan:

Sepanjang 2 minggu saya berada di unit hispatologi,saya diberi tugas untuk berada
di syeksen kaunter penerimaan spesimen.Kemudian melakukan pembenaman tisu
dengan menggunakan mesin embedingSeterusnya ditugaskan oleh pegawai sains
untuk melakukan pemotongan syeksen nipis pada tisu pesakit yang telah lama
dengan menggunakan rotari mikrotom untuk diletakkan di dalam floatation bath
untuk tujuan fishing.Selepas itu,saya ,melakukan perwanaan H&E ke atas slaid
tersebut untuk mewarnakan nukleus dan sitoplasma pada sel.tisu dengan
menggunakan mesin slide stainer sakura tissue-ek DRS2000.Dibenarkan membuat
pewarnaan khusus secara manual dan automasi menggunakan mesin DAKO
ANTISAN LINK PRO SYSTEM.

sambil dipantau oleh kakitangan histopatologi .Selepas itu,saya melakukan

pelabelan pada slaid untuk mengelakkan slaid tersebut tertukar dengan slaid
pesakit yang baru.Selepas itu,saya ditugaskan untuk melakukan pelekapan sisip
kaca pada slaid bagi bertujuan untuk memudahkan penyimpanan dan mengelakkan
morphologi sel luntur.Akhir sekali,saya ditugaskan untuk merekod sampel tisu
yang telah lama untuk dilupuskan dan merekod sampel tisu yang baru dalam buku
rekod pelupusan dan kemasukan tisu pesakit.

 TABUNG DARAH/BLOOD BANK

A blood bank is a center where blood gathered as a result of blood donation is stored, preserved
and have been screened out by diseases for later use in blood transfusion.

-Task

During the internship in blood bank unit for 2 weeks, supervisor give specific task such as
identify the blood grouping reverse and forward for unknown patients, GXM, GSH. In spite of
that to find the definition of blood irradiation and dosage effect. Next record the data for
antibody screening (Indirect and direct coombs test) DAT and IAT for tube method.

-Answer

Ini adalah keputusan ujian yang telah saya buat sepangjang 2 minggu yang telah dibenarkan oleh
kakitangan dan pegawai sains Saya diberi tugas oleh pegawai sains untuk melakukan (Blood
grouping,crossmatch,antibody screening(indirect dan direct comb test) daripada 4 sample pesakit
luar.

a.) Blood Grouping Forward and Reverse: 6/5/2019: 8.00 a.m-4.00 pm

Blood grouping sebenarnya untuk kita analisis jenis kumpulan darah pesakit.

Forward Reverse Blood Grouping

Register Number Anti-a Anti- Anti- A1 Cell B
Patients b D Cell
2019GXM05514 O 4+ 4+ 3+ O B+
2019GXM05545 O O 4+ 2+ 3+ O+
2019GXM05541 O 4+ 4+ 2+ O B+

b) Direct comb test :9/5/2019

 Registeration Number AHG CCC
2019GXM05545 O 2+
2019GXM05533 O 3+
2019GXM05497 O 3+
2019GXM05501 O 3+

c) Indirect comb test : 10/5/2019

Registeration Screening RT,37C RAM/LIS AHG CCC

Number Cell
2019GXM05514 I O O O 4+

II O O O 3+

III O O O 4+

2019GXM05502 I O O O 1+

II O O O 4+

III O O O 2+
2019GXM05507 I O O O 2+

II O O O 2+

III O O O 3+
2019GXM05543 I O O O 2+

II O O O 3+

III O O O 2+

d) crossmatching(ujian keserasian darah) 9/5/2019 8.00 am- 4.00 pm

  PATOLOGI KIMIA

Desired objectives
Materials/technique/effort/knowledge involved
1.)Blood bank unit

When in blood bank unit for two weeks, the knowledge from university applied to blood unit were, how to
use micropipette, centrifuge machine,and compound microscope that have been explore in subject
SBL1013 (Techniques in biochemistry), Dr. Syazwan and SBT1013 (Techniques in biotechnology), Dr.
Nurhaida.

2.) Chemical pathology unit

Next for chemical pathology unit, the knowledge applied were molarity equation M1V1=M2V2 that have
been introduce in subject SKU1011 (Basic chemistry I) Dr.Noorshidah and SKL1012 (Introduction to
analytical chemistry) Dr.Mazlina, this knowledge used in immunoassay section to find concentration for
unknow hormone.

3.) Haematology unit

In addition for haematology unit the knowledge used from subject SKF1013 (Physical chemistry)
Dr.Aisyah for section co-agglutination blood, principle of rate reaction for second order to determine the
time taken of blood to clot, unit second.

5.)Bacteriology unit
Knowledge involve in streaking method to make medium culture for bacteria, gram staining to identify the
gram negative bacteria and gram positive bacteria have been study in class SBL1013 and SBT1013.

New knowledge obtained (not necessarily

technical)
Problems faced and relevant corrective action
suggestions for improvisation

Activities that you like but did not get to

follow

Conclusion
Critical observation on the overall industry
performance

. Observation
Industrial training experience (according to the suitability of the
placement and tasks)

Suggestions

. References

Related attachments
Industrial training objectives:

Among the objectives of the Industrial Training are: -

1) Provide job exposure to students.
2) Broaden the technical knowledge of the students in the cost.
3) Can provide valuable and valuable experience.
4) Train students to deal with problems or conflicts when they do any work for them to face them in the
future in the workplace.
5) Allows the students to associate the theories studied during the lecture with practicality.
6) Provide students with greater interest in areas subject to Public Higher Education (IPTA) through their
practical exposures.
7) Provides students with the knowledge they acquire when practically and can benefit them when they start
their work.
8) Add self confidence.
9) Implied the nature of trust and responsibility.
10) Provide courage when faced with any conflicts encountered.
11) Encourage student spirit to be more passionate about getting involved in the field.
12) Be able to issue self-confidence from time to time.
This industry training is closely linked by training yourself to mix or not. Additionally, cultivate passion for
team work under 1 roof.