International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 1

GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

REPORT1
EXPERIMENT 1: CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Group: ______________ Section: _____1_________ Date: ____________

Group members: _______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

Date: _________

Score: _________

1
This report must be typed and handed in together with the signed data sheet by the deadline
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I. Introduction
(Introduce what experiments you do in this report)

II. Experimental
(Describe what experiments you did in this report, write down each step of your
experiments)

1. Reactions of Cu2+

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

0.5M CuSO4 When CuSO4 and NaOH is CuSO4 + NaOH  Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4

+ 2M NaOH mixed with each other, they

become a pale blue

precipitate which is copper

hydroxide and a solution of

neutral salt which is

sodium sulfate

0.5M CuSO4 When CuSO4 and NH4OH CuSO4 + NH4OH  Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4

+ 2M NH4OH is mixed with each other,

they become a blue

precipitate which is copper

hydroxide and a solution of

salt which is Ammonium

Sulfate
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 3
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0.5M CuSO4 Skip

0.5M K4[Fe(CN)6]

Comments:

2. Reactions of silver halides

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

When KCl and KCl + AgNO3  AgCl + KNO3

AgNO3 is mixed with

each other, they

become a white
0.5M KCl
precipitate which is
+ 0.1M AgNO3
Silver Chloride and

a solution of neutral

salt which is

Potassium nitrate

0.5M KCl When KCl and KCl + AgNO3  KNO3 + AgCl

+ 0.1M AgNO3 AgNO3 is mixed with

 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 4
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+ 2M NH4OH each other, they

become white

precipitate. After

added with NH4OH,

new solutions

become cloudy

0.5M KCl Skip

+ 0.1M AgNO3

+ 2M KCN
0.5M KBr When KBr and KBr + AgNO3  KNO3 + AgBr

+ 0.1M AgNO3 AgNO3 is mixed with

each other, they

become a light

yellow precipitate

which is Silver

bromide and a

solution of neutral

salt which is

Potassium nitrate.

0.5M KBr

+ 0.1M AgNO3 When KBr and

+ 2M NH4OH AgNO3 is mixed with

each other, they

 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 5
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become a light

yellow precipitate.

After added with

NH4OH,
0.5M KBr Skip

+ 0.1M AgNO3

+ 2M KCN
0.5M KI When KI and AgNO3 KI + AgNO3  AgI + KNO3

+ 0.1M AgNO3 is mixed with each

other, they become

a dark yellow

precipitate which is

Silver iodide and a

solution of neutral

salt which is

Potassium nitrate
0.5M KI When KI and AgNO3 KI + AgNO3  AgI + KNO3

+ 0.1M is mixed with each AgI + 2NH4OH  Ag(NH3)2I + 2H2O

AgNO3 other, they become

+ 2M NH4OH a dark yellow

precipitate. After

added with NH4OH,

0.5M KI Skip

+ 0.1M AgNO3

+ 2M KCN
Comments:
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 6
GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

3. Reactions of H2O2

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

0.1M KMnO4 KMnO4, H2SO4 and 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5H2O2  K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 +
H2O2 is mixed
+ 2M H2SO4 8H2O + 5O2
together, which leads
+ H2O2 to discoloration of
Potassium
permanganate

0.1M KI

+ 2M H2SO4

+ H2O2
H2O2 When H2O2 and MnO2 H2O2 + MnO2  H2O + O2 (MnO2 is a catalyst)

+ MnO2 is mixed with each

other, they fizzes

 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 7
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Comments:

4. Reactions of Nitrate

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

1M NaNO3

+ FeSO4

+ concentrated

H2SO4
1M NaNO2

+ FeSO4

+ concentrated

H2SO4
1M NaNO3

+ FeSO4

+ concentrated
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 8
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CH3COOH
Comments:

5. Reactions of KMnO4

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

0.5M Na2SO3

+ 2M H2SO4

+ 0.1M KMnO4
0.5M Na2SO3

+ 6N NaOH

+ 0.1M KMnO4
0.5M Na2SO3

+ H2O

+ 0.1M KMnO4
Comments:

6. Reaction of Potassium Dichromate (K2Cr2O7)

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

2M K2Cr2O7

+ 6M H2SO4
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+ C2H5OH
Comments/Conclusions:

7. A. Reactions of Fe3+

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

0.5M FeCl3

+ 0.5M KCN

0.5M FeCl3

+ 0.1M KSCN

0.5M FeCl3

+ 2M KOH

0.5M FeCl3

+ 0.5M K4[Fe(CN)6]

0.5M FeCl3

+ 2M NH4OH

Comments:

7. B. Reactions of Fe2+

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

0.5M FeSO4
+ 0.5M KCN
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 10
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0.5M FeSO4
+ 0.1M KSCN

0.5M FeSO4
+ 2M KOH

0.5M FeSO4
+ 0.5M K4[Fe(CN)6]

0.5M FeSO4
+ 2M NH4OH

Comments:

8. Reactions of Al3+

Reaction Observation Chemical Equation

0.5M Al2(SO4)3

+ 2M NaOH

0.5M Al2(SO4)3

+ 2N NaOH

+ 2M HCl
0.5M Al2(SO4)3

+ 2M NaOH

+ 2M NaOH
Comments:

9. Flame test
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 11
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Solution Dominant flame Wavelength Frequency Photon energy

color (m) (s1) (J)
LiCl
NaCl
KCl
CaCl2
BaCl2
Comments:
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REPORT
EXPERIMENT 2: pH AND BUFFERS

Group: _____________ Section: _______2_______ Date: ____________

Group members: _______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

Score:__________
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 13
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I. Introduction
(Introduce what experiments you do in this report)

II. Experimental
(Describe what experiments you did in this report, write down each step of your
experiments)

1. pH OF DEIONIZED WATER

Observed pH
Time
Explanation
(second) 1st 2nd
(Group___) (Group___)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160

Comments:

2. pH OF STRONG ACID

Measured pH
Theoretical
Solution Comments/ Explanation
pH 1st 2nd
(Group___) (Group____)

10 mL of 0.1M HCl

Add 90 mL of distilled
water
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 14
GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

Add 10 mL of
0.1M NaOH

Add 90 mL of
0.01M NaOH
Comments:

3. pH OF WEAK ACID

Measured pH
Solution 1st 2nd Ka Comments/ Explanation
(Group___) (Group____)

0.1M acetic acid

0.01M acetic acid

0.001M acetic acid

Comments:

4. pH OF SALTS

Measured pH Explanation
Predicted
Solution 1st 2nd
pH
(Group____) (Group____)
0.1M NaCl

0.1M CH3COONa

0.1M NH4Cl

Comments:

5. pH OF BUFFERS

Volume (mL) Volume (mL) Measured pH

Calculated
Buffer 0.1M 0.1M Acid Base
pH 1st 2nd
CH3COOH CH3COONa
(Group__) (Group__)
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A 10.0 40.0

B 40.0 10.0

C 25.0 25.0
Comments:

 Part I: Addition of 10 drops 0.1 M HCl

pH after Total volume HCl (drops)

pH from the
Buffer adding 10 to change pH by one unit Comments/ Explanation
start, pHo
drops HCl (pHo-1)

C
Comments:

 Part II: Addition of 10 drops 0.1 M NaOH

pH after Total volume NaOH

pH from the
Buffer adding 10 (drops) to change pH by Comments/ Explanation
start, pHo
drops NaOH one unit (pHo+1)

C
Comments:
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 16
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REPORT
EXPERIMENT 3: REDOX TITRATION

Group: _____________ Section: ______3________ Date: ____________

Group members: _______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

Score:__________
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 17
GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

I. Introduction
(Introduce what experiments you do in this report)

II. Experimental
(Describe what experiments you did in this report, write down each step of your
experiments)

1. TITRATION OF KMnO4 SOLUTION WITH STANDARD H2C2O4 SOLUTION

Normality of the standard H2C2O4 solution, N(H2C2O4) = ___________________

Volume of the standard H2C2O4 solution used, V(H2C2O4) = ___________________

Trial # Burette reading (mL) Volume of KMnO4 (mL) Normality of KMnO4 (N)

1 -

2 -

Average Normality of KMnO4 = ____________ ( )

Comment:

2. TITRATION OF UNKNOWN CONCENTRATION H2C2O4 SOLUTION WITH STANDARD

KMnO4 SOLUTION
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Normality of the standard KMnO4 solution, N(KMnO4) = ___________________

Volume of the unknown H2C2O4 solution used, V(H2C2O4) = ___________________

Trial # Burette reading (mL) Volume of KMnO4 (mL) Normality of H2C2O4 (N)

1 -

2 -

Average Normality of H2C2O4 =_______ ( )

Comment:
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3. TITRATION OF UNKNOWN CONCENTRATION FeSO4 SOLUTION WITH STANDARD

KMnO4 SOLUTION

Normality of the standard KMnO4 solution, N(KMnO4) =___________________

Volume of the unknown FeSO4 solution used, V(FeSO4)= ___________________

Trial # Burette reading(mL) Volume of KMnO4 (mL) Normality of FeSO4(N)

1 -

2 -

Average Normality of FeSO4 =_______ ( )

Comment:
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 20
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REPORT
EXPERIMENT 4: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

Group: _____________ Section: ______4________ Date: ____________

Group members: _______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

Score:__________

I. Introduction
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 21
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(Introduce what experiments you do in this report)

II. Experimental
(Describe what experiments you did in this report, write down each step of your
experiments)

1. ACID/BASE EQUILIBRIA

Equilibrium System: 2CrO42 + 2H+(aq)  Cr2O72 + H2O(l)

Description of Predicted Observation Explanation

conditions outcome

Initial solution

+ Conc. HCl

+ 6 N NaOH

Comment:

2. EQUILIBRIA OF ACID/BASE INDICATORS

 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 22
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Equilibrium System:H(MV)(aq) + H2O(l)  H3O+(aq) + MV(aq)

Addition Predicted Observation Explanation

outcome

None (control)

6 M HCl

6 M NaOH

6 M HCl

Comment:

3. COMPLEX ION FORMATION

Equilibrium System:Fe3+ + SCN[Fe(SCN)]2+

Addition Predicted Observation Explanation

outcome

None

(control)
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 23
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0.01M FeCl3

0.01 M KSCN

6M NaOH

Cold

Hot

0.1M AgNO3

Comment:
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4. EQUILIBRIA OF PRECIPITATION REACTIONS

Equilibrium System:Ca2+(aq) + C2O42(aq)  CaC2O4(s)

Predicted
Addition Observation Explanation
outcome

Test tube 1:

0.1 M Na2C2O4

Test tube 2:

+ 0.1 M H2C2O4

Test tube 2:

+ 6 M HCl

Test tube 2:

+ 6 M NH4OH

Comment:
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5. TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON EQUILIBRIA

Equilibrium System:Co(H2O)6 2+(aq) + 4Cl(aq) CoCl4 2(aq) + 6H2O(l)

Description of Predicted
Observation Explanation
conditions outcome

Nothing
changed

(control)

Hot water bath

Ice-water bath

Comment:

REPORT
EXPERIMENT 5: FACTORS AFFECTING
REACTION RATE
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Group: _____________ Section: ______5________ Date: ____________

Group members: _______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

Date: __________

Score:__________
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 27
GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

I. Introduction
(Introduce what experiments you do in this report)

II. Experimental
(Describe what experiments you did in this report, write down each step of your
experiments)

1. EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION ON REACTION TIME

Reaction 1:

__________________________________________________

Reaction 2:

__________________________________________________

Calculate the initial concentrations of I- and S2O82- ions:

Mixture # 5:

[I-] =

[S2O82-] =

Mixture Iodide ion Peroxydisulfate Time in seconds

1 0.08 0.04

2 0.068 0.04

3 0.056 0.04
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4 0.044 0.04

5 0.032 0.04

6 0.02 0.04

Mixture Iodide ion Peroxydisulfate Time in seconds

7 0.08 0.034

8 0.08 0.028

9 0.08 0.022

10 0.08 0.016

11 0.08 0.01
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Plotting the concentration of iodide ion versus time: [Note: X – axis: time; Y – axis:
concentrations].

- Mixtures # 1-6: Graph

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The order of reaction with respect to iodide ion?

Comments:
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- Mixtures # 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11: Graph

 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 32
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The order of reaction with respect to peroxydisulfate ion?

Comments:

2. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE REACTION RATE

Reaction System:

Description of Predicted Observation Reaction Explanation

conditions outcome time
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 33
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Room
temperature

500C

900C

Comment:

3. EFFECT OF A CATALYST ON THE REACTION RATE (30 pts)

Reaction System:

Trial Description of Predicted Observation Explanation

conditions outcome (Reaction rate)

1 + MnCl2

2 + MnO2

3 + NaCl
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4 + CaCl2

5 + Zn

6 + KNO3

7 + Fe(NO3)3

The order of catalyst activity:

Comments: