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ASME B30.14-2010
(Revision of ASME B30.14-2004)

Side Boom
Tractors
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes,
Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L STA N DA R D

Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.


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Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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ASME B30.14-2010
(Revision of ASME B30.14-2004)

Side Boom
Tractors
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes,
Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L S TA N D A R D

Three Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA

Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.


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Date of Issuance: October 26, 2010

The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2015. This Standard will become
effective 1 year after the Date of Issuance. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.

ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this
Standard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at
http://cstools.asme.org as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of the
Standard.

ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National
Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from
competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made
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The American Society of Mechanical Engineers


Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990

Copyright © 2010 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved
Printed in U.S.A.

Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.


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CONTENTS

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
B30 Standard Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
Chapter 14-0 Scope, Definitions, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 14-0.1 Scope of B30.14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 14-0.2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 14-0.3 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Chapter 14-1 Construction and Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 14-1.1 Load Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 14-1.2 Operational Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 14-1.3 Boom Hoist and Load Hoist Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 14-1.4 Side Boom Tractor Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 14-1.5 Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 14-1.6 Ropes and Reeving Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 14-1.7 Cabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 14-1.8 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Chapter 14-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 14-2.1 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 14-2.2 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 14-2.3 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 14-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Chapter 14-3 Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 14-3.1 Operator Qualifications and Operating Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 14-3.2 Handling the Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 14-3.3 Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 14-3.4 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figures
14-0.2-1 Track-Type Side Boom Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
14-0.2-2 Wheel-Type Side Boom Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
14-1.1.4-1 Load Rating Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
14-3.3.2-1 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Side Boom Tractor
Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
14-3.4.2-1 Danger Zone for Side Boom Tractors and Lifted Loads Operating
Near Electrical Transmission Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table
14-3.4.2-1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High-
Voltage Power Lines and Operation in Transit With No Load and
Boom or Mast Lowered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

iii
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FOREWORD

This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute).
This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards
for Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was
presented to the annual meeting of the ASME.
Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920
to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron and
Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering Standards
Committee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USA
Standards Institute), Department of Labor — State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and
Industry — State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On
June 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety Code
Correlating Committee’s recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Department
of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.
In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a
Sectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out
October 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing
29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943,
was created from the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was
reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.
Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industry
in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval Facilities
Engineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American National
Standards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national
organizations.
The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as to
construction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover the
different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.
In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operating
under procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by ANSI.
This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government
and other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection
of the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are
given both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required
by employers of their employees.
In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrative
or regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use of
other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of
protection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,
administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance
with the format described in Section IX of the B30 Standard Introduction, before rendering
decisions on disputed points.
Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-
tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmental
and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.
This edition of this Volume includes revisions to all chapters. These revisions, which were
approved by the B30 Standards Committee and by ASME, were approved by ANSI and designated
as an American National Standard on September 9, 2010.

iv
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30 COMMITTEE
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS


P. S. Zorich, Chair
R. M. Parnell, Vice Chair
K. M. Hyam, Secretary

STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL


N. E. Andrew, ThyssenKrupp Steel USA, LLC R. J. Burkey, Alternate, Columbus McKinnon Corp.
W. T. Hargrove, Alternate, QinetiQ North America L. D. Means, Means Engineering & Consulting/Wire Rope Technical
R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc. Board
P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group D. M. Sleightholm, Alternate, Bridon American Corp.
R. J. Bolen, E. I. DuPont K. J. Miller, Jacobs Engineering
A. D. Brown, Poms and Associates P. E. Whitford, Alternate, Haag Engineering
M. E. Brunet, The Manitowoc Co. G. L. Owens, Consultant
T. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty Mutual J. Sturm, Alternate, Crane’s Aerial Truck Service
Insurance R. M. Parnell, Wire Rope Rigging Consultants/Industrial Training
M. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual Group International, Inc.
B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc. J. T. Perkins, Consultant
T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc. W. E. Osborn, Alternate, Ingersoll-Rand
J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti & Associates, Inc. J. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the Navy
R. A. Dahlin, Walker Magnetics Group M. M. Jaxheimer, Alternate, Navy Crane Center
K. M. Jankowski, Alternate, Walker Magnetics Group D. W. Ritchie, David Ritchie Consultant, LLC
L. D. DeMark, Equipment Training Solutions, LLC J. D. Wiethorn, Alternate, Haag Engineering Co.
D. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and Associates J. W. Rowland III, Consultant
H. G. Leidich, Alternate, Leidich Consulting Services J. C. Ryan, Boh Brothers Construction Co.
R. J. Edwards, Alliance Concrete Pumps A. R. Ruud, Alternate, Atkinson Construction
E. D. Fidler, The Manitowoc Co. D. Sayenga, The Cardon Management Group
N. C. Hargreaves, Terex Corp. J. A. Gilbert, Alternate, Associated Wire Rope Fabricators
C. E. Imerman, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co. D. W. Smith, Chicago Bridge & Iron Co.
J. J. Headley, Crane Institute of America S. K. Rammelsburg, Alternate, Chicago Bridge & Iron Co.
W. C. Dickinson, Alternate, Crane Industry Services, LLC W. J. Smith, Jr., NBIS Claims and Risk Management, Inc.
G. B. Hetherston, E. I. DuPont R. G. Strain, Advanced Crane Technologies, LLC
K. M. Hyam, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers P. D. Sweeney, General Dynamics, Electric Boat
C. W. Ireland, National Oilwell Varco A. R. Toth, Morris Material Handling
A. J. Egging, Alternate, National Oilwell Varco B. E. Weir, Jr., National Erectors Association/Norris Brothers
D. C. Jackson, Tulsa Winch Group Co., Inc.
P. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co., LLC J. R. Schober, Alternate, American Bridge Co.
R. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering Services R. C. Wild, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
D. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc. E. B. Stewart, Alternate, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
C. E. Lucas, The Crosby Group D. N. Wolff, National Crane/Manitowoc Crane Group
F. P. Massaro, Alternate, Bishop Lifting Products, Inc. A. L. Calta, Alternate, Manitowoc Crane Group
A. J. Lusi, International Union of Operating Engineers P. S. Zorich, RZP International Ltd.
E. K. Marburg, Columbus McKinnon Corp. H. W. Fair, Alternate, H. Fair Associates, Inc.

v
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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HONORARY MEMBERS
J. W. Downs, Jr., Downs Crane and Hoist Co.
J. L. Franks, Consultant
J. M. Klibert, Lift-All Co., Inc.
R. W. Parry, Consultant

B30.14 SUBCOMMITTEE PERSONNEL


D. W. Smith, Chair, Chicago Bridge & Iron Co. L. D. Means, Means Engineering & Consulting/Wire Rope Technical
C. L. Carl, Consultant Board
J. Crane, Cranesmart Systems, Inc. K. J. Miller, Jacobs Engineering
M. T. Gavlock, Pipeline Training Coordinator L. S. Olver, Kolo Holdings, Inc.

vi
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS,
HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGS

B30 STANDARD INTRODUCTION (10)

SECTION I: SCOPE B30.23 Personnel Lifting Systems


B30.24 Container Cranes
The ASME B30 Standard contains provisions that
B30.25 Scrap and Material Handlers
apply to the construction, installation, operation, inspec-
B30.26 Rigging Hardware
tion, testing, maintenance, and use of cranes and other
B30.27 Material Placement Systems
lifting and material-handling related equipment. For the
B30.28 Balance Lifting Units1
convenience of the reader, the Standard has been divided
B30.29 Self-Erect Tower Cranes1
into separate volumes. Each volume has been written
under the direction of the ASME B30 Standards
Committee and has successfully completed a consensus SECTION II: SCOPE EXCLUSIONS
approval process under the general auspices of the
The B30 Standard does not apply to track and automo-
American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
tive jacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes, ship-
As of the date of issuance of this Volume, the
board cranes, shipboard cargo-handling equipment,
B30 Standard comprises the following volumes:
well-drilling derricks, skip hoists, mine hoists, truck
B30.1 Jacks, Industrial Rollers, Air Casters, and body hoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, excavating
Hydraulic Gantries equipment, or equipment covered under the scope of
B30.2 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running the following standards: A10, A17, A90, A92, A120, B20,
Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top B56, and B77.
Running Trolley Hoist)
B30.3 Tower Cranes
SECTION III: PURPOSE
B30.4 Portal and Pedestal Cranes
B30.5 Mobile and Locomotive Cranes The B30 Standard is intended to
B30.6 Derricks (a) prevent or minimize injury to workers, and other-
B30.7 Base-Mounted Drum Hoists wise provide for the protection of life, limb, and property
B30.8 Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks by prescribing safety requirements
B30.9 Slings (b) provide direction to manufacturers, owners,
B30.10 Hooks employers, users, and others concerned with, or respon-
B30.11 Monorails and Underhung Cranes sible for, its application
B30.12 Handling Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft (c) guide governments and other regulatory bodies
B30.13 Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Machines and in the development, promulgation, and enforcement of
Associated Equipment appropriate safety directives
B30.14 Side Boom Tractors
B30.15 Mobile Hydraulic Cranes
(withdrawn 1982 — requirements found in
SECTION IV: USE BY REGULATORY AGENCIES
latest revision of B30.5) These Volumes may be adopted in whole or in part
B30.16 Overhead Hoists (Underhung) for governmental or regulatory use. If adopted for gov-
B30.17 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running ernmental use, the references to other national codes
Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist) and standards in the specific volumes may be changed
B30.18 Stacker Cranes (Top or Under Running to refer to the corresponding regulations of the govern-
Bridge, Multiple Girder With Top or Under mental authorities.
Running Trolley Hoist)
B30.19 Cableways
SECTION V: EFFECTIVE DATE
B30.20 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices
B30.21 Manually Lever-Operated Hoists (a) Effective Date. The effective date of this Volume of
B30.22 Articulating Boom Cranes the B30 Standard shall be 1 yr after its date of issuance.

vii
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Construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte- Upon receipt by the Secretary, the request will be
nance, and operation of equipment manufactured and forwarded to the relevant B30 Subcommittee for consid-
facilities constructed after the effective date of this eration and action. Correspondence will be provided to
Volume shall conform to the mandatory requirements the requester defining the actions undertaken by the
of this Volume. B30 Standards Committee.
(b) Existing Installations. Equipment manufactured
and facilities constructed prior to the effective date of
this Volume of the B30 Standard shall be subject to the SECTION IX: REQUESTS FOR INTERPRETATION
inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation require- The B30 Standards Committee will render an interpre-
ments of this Standard after the effective date. tation of the provisions of the B30 Standard. Such
It is not the intent of this Volume of the B30 Standard requests should be directed to
to require retrofitting of existing equipment. However,
when an item is being modified, its performance require- Secretary, B30 Standards Committee
ments shall be reviewed relative to the requirements ASME Codes and Standards
within the current volume. The need to meet the current Three Park Avenue
requirements shall be evaluated by a qualified person New York, NY 10016-5990
selected by the owner (user). Recommended changes
shall be made by the owner (user) within 1 yr. Requests should be in the following format:
Volume: Cite the designation and title of the
SECTION VI: REQUIREMENTS AND volume.
RECOMMENDATIONS Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the volume.
Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)
Requirements of this Standard are characterized by
and the relevant heading(s).
use of the word shall. Recommendations of this Standard
Question: Phrase the question as a request for an
are characterized by the word should.
interpretation of a specific provision suit-
able for general understanding and use,
SECTION VII: USE OF MEASUREMENT UNITS not as a request for approval of a proprie-
tary design or situation. Plans or draw-
This Standard contains SI (metric) units as well as ings that explain the question may be
U.S. Customary units. The values stated in U.S. submitted to clarify the question. How-
Customary units are to be regarded as the standard. ever, they should not contain any proprie-
The SI units are a direct (soft) conversion from the U.S tary names or information.
Customary units.
Upon receipt by the Secretary, the request will be
forwarded to the relevant B30 Subcommittee for a draft
SECTION VIII: REQUESTS FOR REVISION response, which will then be subject to approval by the
B30 Standards Committee prior to its formal issuance.
The B30 Standards Committee will consider requests Interpretations to the B30 Standard will be published
for revision of any of the volumes within the B30 in the subsequent edition of the respective volume, and
Standard. Such requests should be directed to will be available online at http://cstools.asme.org.
Secretary, B30 Standards Committee
ASME Codes and Standards SECTION X: ADDITIONAL GUIDANCE
Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990 The equipment covered by the B30 Standard is subject
to hazards that cannot be abated by mechanical means,
but only by the exercise of intelligence, care, and com-
Requests should be in the following format: mon sense. It is therefore essential to have personnel
involved in the use and operation of equipment who
Volume: Cite the designation and title of the are competent, careful, physically and mentally quali-
volume. fied, and trained in the proper operation of the equip-
Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the volume. ment and the handling of loads. Serious hazards include,
Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) but are not limited to, improper or inadequate mainte-
and the relevant heading(s). nance, overloading, dropping or slipping of the load,
Request: Indicate the suggested revision. obstructing the free passage of the load, and using equip-
Rationale: State the rationale for the suggested ment for a purpose for which it was not intended or
revision. designed.

viii
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Operation and maintenance instructions in this safety (a) the condition of the equipment or material
Standard are intended for general applications. The (b) the loads
equipment manufacturer and/or installer shall be con- (c) the acceleration or speed of the ropes, chains,
sulted for specific operating or maintenance instruc- sheaves, sprockets, or drums
tions. (d) the type of attachments
The B30 Standards Committee fully realizes the (e) the number, size, and arrangement of sheaves or
importance of proper design factors, minimum or maxi- other parts
mum dimensions, and other limiting criteria of wire (f) environmental conditions causing corrosion or
rope or chain and their fastenings, sheaves, sprockets, wear
drums, and similar equipment covered by the standard, (g) many variables that must be considered in each
all of which are closely connected with safety. Sizes, individual case
strengths, and similar criteria are dependent on many The requirements and recommendations provided in
different factors, often varying with the installation and the volumes must be interpreted accordingly, and judg-
uses. These factors depend on ment used in determining their application.

ix
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Following approval by the ASME B30 Committee and ASME, and after public review,
ASME B30.14-2010 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on Septem-
ber 9, 2010.

ASME B30.14-2010 includes the following changes identified by (10).


Page Location Change
vii–ix B30 Standard Introduction Updated
1–3 Section 14-0.2 (1) Definitions of angled load, load
monitoring and indicating system, load
movement, minimum breaking force,
operational aid, and two-blocking added
(2) Definitions of load capacity, maximum;
load overhang, track-type tractor, and
load overhang, wheel-type tractor revised
Section 14-0.3 Revised
4–9 Chapter 14-1 Revised
10–13 Chapter 14-2 Revised
14–20 Chapter 14-3 Revised

x
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

SIDE BOOM TRACTORS

Chapter 14-0
Scope, Definitions, and References

SECTION 14-0.1: SCOPE OF B30.14 pendants. The boom may also be raised and lowered by
a hydraulic cylinder(s).
Volume B30.14 includes provisions that apply to the
construction, installation, operation, inspection, testing, boom stop: an automatic device used to limit the angle
and maintenance of side boom tractors powered by an of the boom at the highest position.
internal combustion engine used for pipe laying or lift-
ing operations, utilizing a lifting boom, drum, wire rope, brake: a device used for retarding or stopping motion
and/or hydraulic cylinders. by friction or power means.
The requirements for a side boom tractor that is used clutch: a friction, electromagnetic, hydraulic, pneumatic,
for other than lifting operations such as when converted or positive mechanical device for engagement or disen-
for excavating work, and a side boom tractor with a gagement of power.
rated load of 1 ton or less, are not included in this
Volume. counterweight: weight used to supplement the weight of
the machine in providing stability for lifting loads.
(10) SECTION 14-0.2: DEFINITIONS designated person: a person selected or assigned by the
employer or the employer’s representative as being com-
accessory: a secondary part or assembly of parts that
petent to perform specific duties.
contributes to the effectiveness of a machine.
administrative or regulatory authority: governmental drum: the cylindrical members around which ropes are
agency or the employer in the absence of governmental wound.
jurisdiction.
dynamic loading: loads introduced into the machine or
angled load: any load, other than freely suspended loads, its components by forces in motion.
which does not act upon the side boom tractor in a
purely vertical manner. load: the external load, in pounds (kilograms) applied
to the side boom tractor, including the weight of load-
appointed: assigned specific responsibilities by the
attaching equipment such as load blocks, shackles, and
employer or the employer’s representative.
slings.
approved: accepted as satisfactory by a duly constituted
administrative or regulatory authority. load, rated: side boom tractor ratings in pounds (kilo-
grams) established by the manufacturer in accordance
authorized: approved by a duly constituted administra-
with Section 14-1.1.
tive or regulatory authority.
axle: the shaft or spindle with which or about which a load block, lower: the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel,
wheel rotates. On side boom tractors and wheel-type sheaves, pins, and frame suspended by the hoisting
tractors it refers to an assembly that includes the shaft, ropes.
housing, and gearing from the shaft to the wheel, load block, upper: the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel,
sprocket, or equivalent device. sheaves, pins, and frame suspended from the boom
boom: a member hinged to the side of the tractor with point.
the outer end supported by a rope system or hydraulic
cylinder(s). load capacity, maximum: the capacity for which the tractor
is designed (refer to ISO 8813-1992).
boom hoist: a hoist drum and rope reeving system used
to raise and lower the boom. The rope system may be load hoist: a hoist drum and rope reeving system used
all live reeving or a combination of live reeving and for lifting and lowering loads.

1
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

load monitoring and indicating system: any system with Fig. 14-0.2-1 Track-Type Side Boom Tractor
the capabilities to measure, advise the operator, and
provide appropriate visual and audible warnings for
(a) weight of load being lifted
(b) the percentage of rated load being lifted
load movement: any movement of the load, vertically or
horizontally, relative to either the ground or the side
boom tractor.
load overhang, track-type tractor: the horizontal distance
from the center of the load hook to the outer edge of
the outer track rail on the boom side.
load overhang, wheel-type tractor: the horizontal distance (a) (b)
from the center of the load hook measured perpendicular
to the center line of the tires on the boom side.
Fig. 14-0.2-2 Wheel-Type Side Boom Tractor
minimum breaking force: the minimum load at which a
new and unused wire rope will break when loaded to
destruction in direct tension.
operational aid: an accessory that provides information
to facilitate operation of a side boom tractor or that
takes control of particular functions without action of
the operator when a limiting condition is sensed. Exam-
ples of such devices include, but are not limited to, the
following:
(a) anti-two-block device
(b) rated capacity indicator
(c) boom angle or load overhang indicator (a) (b)
(d) load indicator or load monitoring and indication
system
(e) boom hoist disconnect device side boom tractor: a track-type (Fig. 14-0.2-1) or wheel-
(f) vehicle level indicator type tractor (Fig. 14-0.2-2) having a boom mounted on
the side of the tractor, used for lifting, lowering, or trans-
qualified person: a person who, by possession of a recog-
porting a load suspended on the load hook. The boom or
nized degree in an applicable field, or certificate of pro-
hook can be lifted or lowered in a vertical direction only.
fessional standing, or who, by extensive knowledge,
training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated side loading: a load applied at an angle to the vertical
the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the plane of the boom.
subject matter and work. stabilizers: extendable or fixed metal arms attached to the
reeving: a rope system in which the rope travels around mounting base, that rest on supports at the outer ends.
drums and sheaves. standing rope (guy): a supporting rope that maintains a
rope: refers to wire rope unless otherwise specified. constant distance between the points of attachment to
service, heavy: service that involves operation within the the two components connected by the rope.
rated load limit that exceeds normal service. structural competence: the ability of the machine and its
service, normal: distributed service that involves opera- components to withstand the stresses imposed by
tion with randomly distributed loads within the rated applied loads.
load limit, or uniform loads less than 65% of rated load tackle: an assembly of ropes and sheaves arranged for
for not more than 25% of the time. lifting and pulling.
service, severe: service that involves normal or heavy ser- tipping condition, track-type tractor: the load on the hook
vice with abnormal operating conditions. at the given load overhang distance that will cause the
shall: if a provision is of a mandatory nature it is indi- track roller of the track opposite the boom side to lift
1
cated by the use of the word shall. ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) from the rail.
should: if a provision is of an advisory nature, it is indi- tipping condition, wheel-type tractor: the load on the hook,
cated by the use of the word should and is a recommenda- in pounds (kilograms), at the given load overhang dis-
tion to be considered, the advisability of which depends tance that will cause the wheel on the side opposite the
on the facts in each situation. boom to leave the ground 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm).

2
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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Copyrighted material licensed to ABS by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com). This copy downloaded on 2012-10-18 11:43:11 -0500 by authorized user Michel Plamondon.
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ASME B30.14-2010

transit: the moving or transporting of a side boom tractor ASME B30.10-2005, Hooks
from one location to another. Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical
travel: the function of the machine moving from one Engineers (ASME), Three Park Avenue, New York,
location to another, on a job site. NY 10016-5990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, Box
travel mechanism: the machinery involved in providing 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900 (www.asme.org)
travel. AWS D14.3-05, Specification for Welding Earthmoving
two-blocking: the condition in which the lower load block and Construction Equipment1
or hook assembly comes in contact with the upper block Publisher: American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW
or boom point sheave assembly. Le Jeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 (www.aws.org)
wheelbase: distance between centers of front and rear
ISO 2867:2006, Earth-Moving Machinery — Access
axles. For a multiple-axle assembly, the axle center for
Systems
wheelbase measurement is taken as the midpoint of the
ISO 8813:1992, Earth-Moving Machinery — Lift capacity
assembly.
of pipelayers and wheeled tractors or loaders
equipped with side boom
(10) SECTION 14-0.3: REFERENCES Publisher: International Organization for Standardiza-
The following is a list of publications referenced in tion (ISO) Central Secretariat 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse,
this Standard. Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geǹeve 20, Switzerland/
Suisse (www.iso.org)
ANSI Z26.1-1990, Safety Code for Glazing Materials for
Glazing Motor Vehicle Operating on Land Highways
Publisher: American National Standards Institute 1
Copies may also be obtained from the American National
(ANSI), 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036 Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY
(www.ansi.org) 10036.

3
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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Copyrighted material licensed to ABS by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com). This copy downloaded on 2012-10-18 11:43:11 -0500 by authorized user Michel Plamondon.
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ASME B30.14-2010

(10) Chapter 14-1


Construction and Characteristics

SECTION 14-1.1: LOAD RATINGS tractor at a given load overhang. However, in some areas
14-1.1.1 Load Ratings — Where Stability Governs of the operating range, the ratings may be governed
Lifting Performance by factors other than stability, such as the conditions
described below.
Load ratings at the minimum load overhang may be
(a) Load ratings at some load overhangs are governed
based on structural competence rather than stability.
by structural competence or hydraulic capacity, and side
Refer to para. 14-1.1.2.
boom tractor stability alone cannot be used as a basis
(a) The margin of stability for determination of load
of load rating.
ratings, with booms of stipulated lengths at stipulated
load overhang for the various type of tractor mountings, (b) Manufacturer ’s recommendations shall not be
is established by taking a percentage of the loads that exceeded.
will produce a condition of tipping. The load ratings
shall not exceed the following percentages for side boom 14-1.1.3 Load Ratings — Where Dynamic Factors
tractors, with the indicated types of mounting under Govern Lifting Performance
conditions stipulated in paras. 14-1.1.1(b) and (c). When dynamic operating conditions exist, appro-
Rated Load priate reductions shall apply to the rated load capacity
(Percent of Maximum Load values — for static conditions in para. 14-1.1.1(a).
Capacity Based on (a) Travel With Load. Travel vehicle movement with a
ISO 8813:1992 Test load should result in a reduction in rated load capacity
Type of Machine Procedure)
from rated load capacity — for static conditions. Refer
Track-type tractor 85% to para. 14-3.2.4.
Wheel-type tractor 65% (b) Vertical or Horizontal Load Movement. Vertical or
(b) The following stipulations shall govern the appli- horizontal movement (hook or boom movement) of the
cation of the values in para. 14-1.1.1(a) for side boom load should result in a reduction in rated load capacity
tractors: from rated load capacity — for static conditions. Refer
(1) Lift capacity from which ratings are determined to para. 14-3.2.4.
shall be applied under static conditions only, i.e., with- (c) Multiple Unit Lifts. If multiple units are involved
out dynamic effect of lifting, lowering, traveling, or lat- with simultaneously lifting the same piece, the individ-
eral movement. ual units’ rated load capacities should be reduced. Refer
(2) The weight of auxiliary handling devices, such to para. 14-3.2.4.
as slings, shall be considered a part of the load.
(c) Stipulations governing the application of the val- 14-1.1.4 Load Rating Chart
ues in para. 14-1.1.1(a) for track-type side boom tractors A load rating chart, based on Fig. 14-1.1.4-1, with
and wheel-type side boom tractors shall be in accordance legible letters and figures shall be provided with each
with tractor side boom testing procedure ISO 8813:1992.
side boom tractor and affixed in a location visible to the
(d) The effectiveness of these preceding static stability operator while seated at the control station. The data
factors will be influenced by such additional factors as and information to be provided on these charts shall
freely suspended loads, wind or ground conditions, con-
include, but not necessarily be limited to, the following:
dition and inflation of rubber tires, boom lengths,
(a) a range of manufacturer ’s recommended side
operating speeds for existing conditions, and in general,
boom tractor rated loads at stated static operating load
careful and competent operation. All of these factors
overhang for permissible boom lengths and for all con-
shall be taken into account by the operator. Refer to
figurations and modifications, including, but not limited
para. 14-3.2.4.
to, stabilizers or counterweight positioning.
14-1.1.2 Load Ratings — Where Structural (b) the basis of ratings as found in para. 14-1.1.1,
Competence or Hydraulic Capacity Governs including the identification of ratings if based on struc-
Lifting Performance tural limitations. Where ratings are limited by structural
Load ratings are governed by the stability of the side competence or rope design factors as shown in
boom tractor, i.e., the load required to tip the side boom para. 14-1.6.1(a), such ratings shall be shown and

4
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

Fig. 14-1.1.4-1 Load Rating Chart (10)

Maximum load capacity per ISO 8813:1992


Lift Capacity, lb (kg)

Rated load per ASME B30.14

Working range
per ASME B30.14

0
4 ft
Boom Overhang, ft (m)

emphasized on the rating charts and by listing the spe- (2) The devices shall be effective for operation in
cial provisions of para. 14-3.2.1(c). an ambient temperature range of −20°C to +60°C.
(c) recommended parts of hoist reeving, size, and type
of rope for various hook loads shall be shown on the 14-1.2.1 Motion and Performance Indicators
rating chart and in the operating manual. (a) Rated Capacity Indicator. The rated capacity indica-
(d) a rating chart shall be prepared by a qualified tor shall calculate and display the rated load capacity
person for all nonstandard modifications including on level ground of the side boom tractor. The accuracy
boom length. of the capacity indicating system shall be such that the
indicated capacity is within the tolerance 100% (+0%
and −5%) of the actual rated load capacity on level
SECTION 14-1.2: OPERATIONAL AIDS
ground.
(a) The written instructions provided by the side
(b) Load Indicator
boom tractor manufacturer or the device manufacturer,
(1) The load indicator system shall measure and
or both, shall describe the purpose of the device.
display the weight of the load being lifted.
(b) The side boom tractor manufacturer or the device
(2) The load indicator shall indicate the portion
manufacturer, or both, shall provide recommendations
for continued operation or shutdown of the side boom (percentage) of rated load, on level ground.
tractor if the operational aids are inoperative or malfunc- (3) In out-of-level ground operation, the operator
tioning. Without such recommendations, and without aid/device should provide
prohibitions, from the manufacturer against further (a) load on the hook
operation, the operational constraints of para. 14-1.1.1(d) (b) load overhang
shall be observed. (4) The accuracy of the load-indicator system shall
(c) Operational aids, if provided, shall include the be such that the indicated load is within the tolerance
capabilities and accuracies as described in this section. 100% (+5% and −0%) of the lifted load weight.
The load limits specified relate to the maximum rated (c) Load Overhang Indicator
load capacity of the side boom as described in (1) The load overhang indicator shall indicate the
Section 14-1.1. overhang of the load.
(1) All displays shall be easy to read from the opera- (2) The accuracy of the load overhang indicator
tor’s position. shall be such that when the rated capacity is applied,

5
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

the load overhang indicated shall be within the tolerance larger, over the top layer of rope at all times during
of 100% (+5% and −0%) of the actual load overhang. operation.
(d) Slope Indicator. The slope (level) indicator shall (e) The drum diameter shall provide a first layer rope
indicate the extent that the side boom tractor chassis is pitch diameter of not less than 10 times the nominal
out-of-level. Accuracy of slope indication shall be within diameter of the rope used.
2 deg of actual slope. Lateral and longitudinal slope
should be indicated separately. 14-1.3.2 Load Hoist Mechanism

14-1.2.2 Machine Configuration and Capacity Setting (a) Load Hoist Drums. The load hoist drum assemblies
shall have power and operational characteristics to per-
Provision should be made for a qualified person to form all load lifting and lowering functions required in
modify the configuration information utilized in the side boom tractor service when operated under recom-
rated load capacity calculations to accurately reflect mended conditions.
changes from original (as manufactured) configuration. (1) Where brakes and clutches are used to control
This capability shall not allow any increase from the the motion of the load hoist drums, they shall be of size
original manufacturer’s rated capacity, but may include, and thermal capacity to control maximum load capacity
but not be limited to, changes in boom length (±), rigging with minimum recommended reeving (when maximum
(hooks and blocks) weight, and reductions in effective load capacity is being lowered with near maximum
counterweight. boom length on operations involving long lowering dis-
tances, power controlled lowering usually is necessary
SECTION 14-1.3: BOOM HOIST AND LOAD HOIST to reduce demand on the load brake).
MECHANISMS (2) Load hoist drums shall have rope capacity with
recommended rope size and reeving to perform side
14-1.3.1 Boom Hoist Mechanism boom tractor service as defined in Section 14-0.1, within
When using recommended boom hoist reeving or the range of boom lengths, operating load overhang,
hydraulic cylinder system with maximum load capacity and vertical lifts stipulated by the manufacturer.
suspended, the boom hoist mechanism shall be capable (a) Not less than two full wraps of rope shall
of raising or lowering the boom, stopping boom motion, remain on the drum when the hook is in its extreme
and holding it stationary without attention from the low working position.
operator. (b) The rope end shall be anchored by a clamp
(a) The boom hoist mechanism shall be provided with attached to the drum or by a wedge socket arrangement
a clutch or power engaging device permitting immediate approved by the side boom or rope manufacturer. The
starting or stopping of the boom motion. The boom hoist rope clamp shall be tightened evenly to the manufactur-
mechanism shall also be provided with a self-setting er’s recommended torque.
brake or hydraulic system, capable of supporting the (c) Drums shall be provided with a means to
maximum load capacity. prevent rope from jumping off the drum.
(b) Brakes and clutches shall be provided with adjust- (d) The drum flange shall extend a minimum of
1
ments where necessary to compensate for wear and to ⁄2 in. (13 mm) or one-half rope diameter, whichever is
maintain adequate force in springs where used. larger, over the top layer of rope at all times during
(c) The boom hoist mechanism shall be provided with operation.
an auxiliary ratchet and pawl or other positive locking (3) Diameter of the load hoist drums shall provide
device to prevent inadvertent lowering of the boom. a first layer rope pitch diameter of no less than 10 times
(d) The boom hoist drum shall have sufficient rope the nominal diameter for the rope used.
capacity to operate the boom at all positions from hori- (4) Positive means, controllable from the operator’s
zontal to the highest angle utilizing recommended reev- station, shall be provided to prevent the drum from
ing and rope diameter. rotating in the lowering direction and be capable of
(1) Not less than two full wraps of rope shall remain holding the maximum load capacity without further
on the drum with boom point lowered to the level of attention from the operator.
the tractor supporting surface. (b) Load Hoist Brakes. When power operated brakes,
(2) The rope end shall be anchored by a clamp having no continuous mechanical linkage between the
attached to the drum or by a wedge socket arrangement actuating and braking means, are used for controlling
approved by the side boom or rope manufacturer. The loads, an automatic means shall be provided to prevent
rope clamp shall be tightened evenly to the manufactur- the load from falling in the event of loss of brake actuat-
er’s recommended torque. ing power.
(3) The drum flange shall extend a minimum of (c) Power-Controlled Lowering. A power-controlled
1
⁄2 in. (13 mm) or one-half rope diameter, whichever is lowering device shall be capable of handling maximum

6
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

load capacity and speeds as specified by the manufac- SECTION 14-1.6: ROPES AND REEVING
turer. Such a device is recommended to provide preci- ACCESSORIES
sion lowering and to reduce demand on the load brake. 14-1.6.1 Rope Design Factors
14-1.3.3 Adjustments (a) When supporting rated loads (including load sus-
pensions), the design factor for live or running ropes
Brakes and clutches shall be provided with adjust- that wind on drums or pass over sheaves shall be not
ments where necessary to compensate for lining wear. less than 4.0.
(b) When supporting the maximum load capacity
(including load suspensions) [refer to para. 14-1.1.4(b)],
SECTION 14-1.4: SIDE BOOM TRACTOR TRAVEL the special provisions of para. 14-3.2.1(c) shall be
14-1.4.1 Travel Controls followed.
(c) The design factors specified above shall be deter-
The controls for the travel function shall be located mined on the basis of the manufacturer’s ratings, with
at the operator’s station. approved reeving, published minimum breaking
strength of new ropes, and with load and boom
14-1.4.2 Travel Brakes and Locks stationary.
Brakes or other locking means shall be provided to
14-1.6.2 Ropes
hold the machine stationary within the limits of traction,
during working cycles on level grade or while the (a) The hoist rope shall be of a construction recom-
machine is standing on maximum grade recommended mended for side boom tractor service. Rotation resistant
for travel. Such brakes or locks shall be arranged to rope shall not be used.
remain in engagement in event of loss of operating (b) End terminations shall be done in the manner
pressure. specified by the manufacturer of side boom tractor, the
wire rope, or the fitting.
(c) If a load is supported by more than one part of
SECTION 14-1.5: CONTROLS rope, the tension in the parts shall be equalized.
(d) Wherever exposed to temperatures at which fiber
14-1.5.1 Side Boom Operation cores would be damaged, rope having an independent
All controls used during normal side boom tractor wire-rope or wire-stand core, or other temperature-
operations shall be located within reach of the operator damage resistant core shall be used.
while seated at the operator’s station, and controls shall
be labeled as to function.
14-1.6.3 Reeving Accessories
(a) Eye splices shall be made in accordance with man-
14-1.5.2 Control Forces and Movement ufacturer’s recommendations and rope thimbles shall
be used in the eye splices.
For hoisting controls, the following shall be provided:
(b) Wire rope clips shall be drop-forged steel of the
(a) forces not greater than 35 lb (155 N) on hand levers single saddle-type (U-bolt) or double saddle-type clip.
(b) travel distance on hand levers not greater than Malleable cast iron clips shall not be used. For spacing,
15 in. (380 mm) from neutral position on two-way levers number of clips, and torque values, refer to the clip
and not greater than 24 in. (610 mm) on one-way levers manufacturer ’s recommendation. Wire rope clips
attached with U-bolts shall have the U-bolt over the
14-1.5.3 Power Plant Controls dead end of the rope and the live rope resting in the
Controls for operating the power plant shall be within clip saddle. Clips shall be tightened evenly to the recom-
reach of the operator and shall include the following mended torque. After the initial load is applied to the
means: rope, the clip nuts shall be retightened to the recom-
(a) start and stop mended torque to compensate for any decrease in rope
(b) control speed diameter caused by the load. Rope clip nuts should be
(c) emergency stop retightened periodically to compensate for any further
decrease in rope diameter during usage.
(d) shifting selective transmission
(c) Swaged, poured, compressed, or wedge socket fit-
tings shall be applied as recommended by the rope, side
14-1.5.4 Engine Clutch
boom tractor, or fitting manufacturer.
All side boom tractors having mechanical draw works
shall be provided with a means for disengaging power 14-1.6.4 Sheaves
to the draw works. The control shall be within reach (a) Sheave grooves shall be free from surface defects
from the operator’s station. that could cause rope damage. The cross-sectional radius

7
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

at the bottom of the groove should be such as to form 14-1.7.2 Platforms


a close-fitting saddle for the size of rope used. The sides (a) Principal walking surfaces shall be of a skid resis-
of the groove shall be tapered outward and rounded at tant type.
the rim to facilitate entrance of the rope into the groove. (b) Outside platforms, if furnished, shall be provided
Flange rims shall run true about the axis of rotation. with guardrails in accordance with ISO 2867:2006.
(b) Sheaves carrying ropes that can be momentarily Where platforms are too narrow to use guardrails, hand-
unloaded shall be provided with close-fittings guards holds shall be provided at points above the platform.
or other suitable devices to guide the rope back into the
groove when the load is applied again. 14-1.7.3 Access
(c) Sheaves in the lower load block shall be equipped On all crawler and wheel-mounted side boom tractors,
with close-fitting guards that will prevent ropes from handholds and steps shall be provided, as needed, to
becoming fouled when the block is lying on the ground facilitate entrance to and exit from the operator’s cab.
with ropes loose.
(d) Means shall be provided to prevent chafing of the 14-1.7.4 Cab Roof
ropes.
Where necessary for rigging or service requirements,
(e) All sheave bearings shall be provided with means
a ladder or steps shall be provided to give access to
for lubrication. Permanently lubricated bearings are
a cab roof. The ladder, steps, and weight-supporting
acceptable.
capability of the cab roof shall conform to the require-
ments of ISO 2867:2006.
14-1.6.5 Sheave Sizes
(a) Boom hoisting sheaves shall have pitch diameters 14-1.7.5 Noise Exposure
of not less than 10 times the nominal diameter of the The noise level at the operator’s station shall be a
rope used. consideration in the manufacture of new tractors.
(b) Load hoisting sheaves shall have pitch diameters
of not less than 10 times the nominal diameter of the
rope used. SECTION 14-1.8: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
(c) Load block sheaves shall have pitch diameters of 14-1.8.1 Booms
not less than 10 times the nominal diameter of the
rope used. (a) Automatic means shall be provided to stop boom
motion when the maximum permissible boom angle is
reached.
SECTION 14-1.7: CABS (b) Booms shall meet the performance requirements
of side boom tests in ISO 8813:1992.
14-1.7.1 Construction
(a) Cabs, if provided, shall be constructed to enclose 14-1.8.2 Hoist Limiting
the operator’s station to provide protection from the Two-block damage prevention devices or designs
weather, and shall include all boom and tractor controls. should be utilized, or hoist limiting devices should be
(b) Windows or openings shall be provided in the cab provided, e.g., anti-two-block systems. Such systems or
or operator’s compartment on all four sides of the cab designs should prevent damage from either hook block
for maximum visibility. or boom movement.
(c) All cab glazing shall be safety glazing material as
defined in ANSI Z26.1. 14-1.8.3 Exhaust Gases
(d) Visibility on the boom side of the cab shall be such Engine exhaust gases shall be piped to the outside of
that the uppermost point of the boom is visible at all the cab and discharged in a direction away from the
times. operator. All exhaust pipes shall be guarded or insulated
(e) If a congested operator’s station precludes a cab in areas where contact by personnel is probable in the
having doors on both sides, a second exit shall be performance of normal duties.
provided.
(f) All cab doors, whether of sliding or swinging type, 14-1.8.4 Stabilizers (Wheel-Type Side Boom
shall be restrained from inadvertent opening or closing Tractors)
while traveling or operating the machine. The door adja- (a) Means shall be provided to hold all stabilizers in
cent to the operator, if the swinging type, should open the retracted position while traveling and in the
outward and, if the sliding type, should slide rearward extended position when blocked for lifting. When stabi-
to open. lizers are used, all stabilizers shall be extended.
(g) A clear passageway shall be provided from the (b) Power-actuated jacks, where used, shall be pro-
operator’s station to an exit door on the operator’s side. vided with means to prevent loss of support under load.

8
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

(c) Each stabilizer shall be visible from its actuating (c) Each guard shall be capable of supporting without
location. permanent distortion the weight of a 200 lb (90 kg)
(d) Means shall be provided for fastening stabilizer person unless the guard is located where it is not proba-
floats to stabilizers when in use. ble that a person will step on it.
14-1.8.7 Clutch and Brake Protection
14-1.8.5 Welded Construction
Dry friction brakes and clutches shall be guarded
All welding procedures and welding operator qualifi- against rain and other liquids such as oil and lubricants.
cations to be used on load sustaining members shall be
in accordance with AWS D14.3-05. Where special steels 14-1.8.8 Lubricating Points
or other materials are required for appropriate repairs, Lubricating points should be accessible without the
the manufacturer shall provide welding guidance, pro- necessity of removing guards.
cedures, or both.
14-1.8.9 Miscellaneous Equipment
14-1.8.6 Guards for Moving Parts tool box: a receptacle should be secured permanently to
the side boom tractor for storing tools and lubricating
(a) Exposed moving parts (such as gears, set screws, equipment.
projecting keys, chain, chain sprockets, and reciprocat-
ing or rotating parts) that might constitute a hazard 14-1.8.10 Hydraulic and Pneumatic Line Protection
under normal operating conditions shall be guarded. Exposed lines subject to damage shall be protected
(b) Guards shall be fastened. insofar as it is practical.

9
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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No further reproduction or distribution is permitted.
ASME B30.14-2010

(10) Chapter 14-2


Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance

SECTION 14-2.1: INSPECTION (a) Operating mechanisms for proper operation,


proper adjustment — daily, when in use. Electronic sys-
14-2.1.1 Inspection Classification tems should be self diagnosing. If they are self diagnos-
(a) Initial Inspection. Prior to initial use, all new, ing, they shall be capable of advising the operator of
reinstalled, altered, or modified side boom tractors shall malfunction.
be inspected by a designated person to verify compli- (b) Safety devices for proper operations — daily,
ance with the provisions of this Volume. Any deficiencies when in use.
shall be evaluated by a qualified person and a determi- (c) Operational aids for malfunction — daily, when
nation made as to whether they constitute a hazard. in use.
(b) Inspection procedure for side boom tractors in reg- (d) Lines, tanks, valves, pumps, and other parts of air
ular service is divided into two general classifications or hydraulic systems for leaks — daily, when in use.
based upon the intervals at which inspection should be (e) All hydraulic hoses, particularly those that flex in
performed. The intervals in turn are dependent upon normal operation of tractor functions — daily, when
the nature of the critical components of the side boom in use.
tractor and the degree of their exposure to wear, deterio- (f) Hydraulic system for proper oil level — daily,
ration, or malfunction. The two general classifications when in use.
are herein designated as frequent and periodic, with (g) Hooks in accordance with ASME B30.10, hook
respective intervals between inspections as defined latches, if used, for proper operation — daily, when
below. in use.
(1) Frequent Inspection. Visual examination by the (h) Hoist rope in accordance with para. 14-2.4.1(a).
operator or other designated personnel with records not (i) Rope reeving for compliance with tractor manufac-
required. turer’s recommendations or instructions.
(a) normal service — monthly (j) Standing ropes (guys), including end connections,
(b) heavy service — weekly to monthly for wear [as defined in para. 14-2.4.2(b)], broken wires,
(c) severe service — daily to weekly stretch, kinking, or twisting.
(d) special or infrequent service is recommended (k) Electrical apparatus for proper operation and evi-
by a qualified individual before and after each dence of excessive deterioration, dirt, and moisture
occurrence accumulation.
(2) Periodic Inspection. Visual inspection by an (l) Tires and wheels for condition and recommended
appointed person making records of apparent external inflation pressure.
conditions to provide the basis for a continuing Any deficiencies shall be evaluated by a qualified
evaluation. person and a determination made as to whether they
(a) normal service — annually constitute a hazard.
(b) heavy service — semi-annually
(c) severe service — quarterly 14-2.1.3 Periodic Inspection
(d) special or infrequent service as authorized by Complete inspections of the side boom tractor shall be
a qualified person before the first such occurrence and performed at intervals, as defined in para. 14-2.1.1(b)(2).
as directed by the qualified person for any subsequent Any deficiencies shall be evaluated by a qualified person
occurrences and a determination made as to whether they constitute
a hazard. These inspections shall include the require-
14-2.1.2 Frequent Inspection ments of para. 14-2.1.2 and, items such as the following:
Items such as the following shall be inspected by a (a) deformed, cracked, or corroded members
designated person at intervals as defined in (b) loose bolts or rivets
para. 14-2.1.1(b)(1) or as specifically indicated by the (c) cracked or worn sheaves and drums
manufacturer, including observation during operation (d) worn, cracked, or distorted parts such as pins,
for any deficiencies that might appear between inspec- bearings, shafts, gears, rollers, and locking and clamping
tions: devices

10
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

(e) any significant inaccuracies of operational aids, as to verify compliance with this Volume including the
specified in Section 14-1.2 following functions:
(f) excessive wear on brake system parts, linings, (1) lifting and lowering
pawls, and ratchets (2) boom up and down
(g) gasoline, diesel, electric, or other power plants (3) limit devices, such as boom stops should be
for improper performance or noncompliance with other tested by raising the boom slowly until the boom stop
applicable standards prevents further raising of the boom
(h) excessive wear of chain drive sprockets and exces- (4) travel mechanism
sive chain stretch (5) safety devices
(i) travel steering, braking, and locking devices, for (6) operational aids
malfunction (b) Prior to initial use, a repaired side boom tractor
(j) excessively worn or damaged tires or wheels shall be tested. Testing may be limited to the function(s)
14-2.1.4 Side Boom Tractors Not in Regular Use affected by the repair.

(a) A side boom tractor that has been idle for a period 14-2.2.2 Rated Load Test
of 1 mo or more, but less than 6 mo, shall be inspected
conforming with the requirements of paras. 14-2.1.2 and (a) Prior to initial use
14-2.4.1(a) before being placed in service. (1) all new side boom tractors shall be tested and
(b) A side boom tractor that has been idle for a period all altered or modified side boom tractors shall be tested
of over 6 mo shall be inspected by a designated person and inspected by or under the direction of a qualified
conforming with the requirements of paras. 14-2.1.3 and person. A written test report shall be prepared by the
14-2.4.1(c) before being placed in service. qualified person and placed on file. Test loads shall not
exceed 110% of the manufacturer’s rated load and shall
14-2.1.5 Inspection Records not exceed tipping load at any selected working load
Dated inspection reports and records shall be made overhang.
monthly on critical items in use such as brakes, hooks, (2) the need for testing of repaired side boom trac-
and ropes. Dated records should be kept where readily tors shall be determined by a qualified person. When a
available to appointed personnel. rated load test is required, testing shall be in accordance
with para. 14-2.2.2(a)(1).
14-2.1.6 Operational Aids (b) Rated load test shall consist of the following oper-
(a) Prior to daily operation, operational aids shall be ations as a minimum requirement:
checked in accordance with the device/side boom trac- (1) hoist the test load to ensure that the load is
tor manufacturer’s recommended procedures to deter- supported by the side boom tractor and held by the
mine if they are functioning properly. Electronic systems hoist brake(s)
should be self diagnosing. If they are self diagnosing, (2) boom the side boom tractor up and down within
they shall be capable of advising the operator of the working load overhang
malfunction. (3) travel with the test load a distance sufficient to
(b) Operational aids shall be inspected and tested by prove the ability of the side boom to support the test load
a qualified person in accordance with the manufacturer’s (c) No side boom tractor shall be rerated in excess of
recommended procedures as part of the periodic inspec- the original load ratings unless such rating changes are
tion of para. 14-2.1.3. approved by the side boom tractor manufacturer. If
(c) When operational aids are inoperative or malfunc- information is not available from the original manufac-
tioning, the side boom and/or device manufacturer’s turer, the recommendations of a qualified person shall
recommendations for continued operation or shutdown be followed.
of the side boom shall be followed until the deficiencies
are corrected. Without such recommendations and any
prohibitions from the manufacturer against further oper- SECTION 14-2.3: MAINTENANCE
ation, the designated person responsible for supervising
the lifting operation shall establish procedures for con- 14-2.3.1 Preventive Maintenance
ducting the lift. (a) A preventive maintenance program shall be estab-
lished and based on the side boom tractor manufactur-
SECTION 14-2.2: TESTING er ’s manual. If a qualified person determines it is
appropriate, the program should also include that indi-
14-2.2.1 Operational Testing vidual’s additional recommendations based on a review
(a) Prior to initial use, all new, altered, or modified of the side boom tractor application and operations.
side boom tractors shall be tested by a designated person Dated records should be kept on file.

11
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

(b) Replacement parts shall be at least equal to the (2) load attachment chains and rope slings having
original manufacturer ’s specifications. It is recom- any of the conditions described in para. 14-2.1.2.
mended that replacement parts be obtained from the (3) all critical parts that are cracked, broken, bent,
original equipment manufacturer. or excessively worn.
(d) If repairs of load sustaining members are made
14-2.3.2 Maintenance Procedure by welding, identification of materials shall be made
(a) Before adjustments and repairs are started on a and appropriate welding procedure shall be followed
side boom tractor, the following precautions shall be in compliance with original manufacturer’s recommen-
taken as applicable: dations. If information is not available from the original
(1) side boom tractor placed where it will cause the manufacturer, the recommendations of a qualified per-
least interference with other equipment or operations son shall be followed.
in the area
14-2.3.4 Lubrication
(2) all controls at the manufacturer’s recommended
position (a) A lubrication chart should be available on the side
(3) starting means rendered inoperative, except boom tractor.
when required for repairs (b) All moving parts of the side boom tractor for
(4) hydraulic oil pressure relieved from all hydrau- which lubrication is specified, including rope and chain,
lic circuits before loosening or removing hydraulic should be regularly lubricated. Lubricating systems
components should be checked for proper delivery of lubricant. Care
(5) power plant stopped or disconnected at take-off should be taken to follow recommendations of the man-
(6) boom lowered to the ground, if possible, or ufacturer as to points and frequency of lubrication, main-
otherwise secured against dropping tenance of lubricant levels, and types of lubricant to be
used. If the manufacturer cannot supply this information
(7) lower load block lowered to the ground, if possi-
a qualified person should be consulted.
ble, or otherwise secured against dropping
(c) Machinery shall be stationary while lubricants are
(b) “Warning” or “Out of Order” signs shall be placed
being applied and protection provided as called for in
on the side boom tractor controls.
paras. 14-2.3.2(a)(2) through (5), unless equipped for
(c) After adjustments and repairs have been made,
automatic lubrication.
the side boom tractor shall not be returned to service
until all guards have been reinstalled, safety devices
reactivated, maintenance equipment and “Warning” or SECTION 14-2.4: ROPE INSPECTION,
“Out of Order” signs are removed, and equipment func- REPLACEMENT, AND
tion checks are complete. MAINTENANCE

14-2.3.3 Adjustments and Repairs 14-2.4.1 Rope Inspection


(a) All running ropes in continuous service shall be
(a) Any hazardous conditions, disclosed by the
visually inspected once each working day. This inspec-
inspection requirements of Section 14-2.1, shall be cor-
tion shall consist of observation of all rope in service
rected before normal operation of the side boom tractor
during the day’s operation. An inspection of all ropes
is resumed. Adjustments and repairs shall be done only
shall be made at least monthly and a dated report of
by designated personnel.
rope condition kept on file where available to appointed
(b) Adjustments shall be maintained to assure correct
personnel. All inspections shall be performed by an
functioning of components. The following are examples:
appointed person. Sections of rope that are normally
(1) all functional operating mechanisms hidden during visual and maintenance inspection, such
(2) limit devices as parts passing over sheaves, should be given close
(3) control systems inspection as these are points most likely to fail. Any
(4) braking systems deterioration resulting in appreciable loss of original
(5) operational aids strength, such as the following, shall be noted and deter-
(c) Repairs or replacements shall be made as needed. mination made as to whether further use of the rope
The following are examples: would constitute a hazard:
(1) side boom tractor hooks showing defects (1) reduction of rope diameter below nominal
described in para. 14-2.1.2(g) and ASME B30.10 shall be diameter due to loss of core support, internal or external
taken out of service. Repairs by welding or reshaping corrosion, or wear of outside wires
are not recommended. Repairs shall be done under (2) a number of broken outside wires and the
supervision by a qualified person and the hook shall be degree of distribution or concentration of such broken
tested to the load requirement of para. 14-2.2.1 before wires
further use. (3) worn outside wires

12
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

(4) corroded or broken wires at end connections (7) reduction from nominal diameter of more
(5) corroded, cracked, bent, worn, or improperly than 5%.
applied end connections (8) deviation shall be allowed from the removal
(6) kinking, crushing, cutting, or unstranding criteria listed in paras. 14-2.4.2(b)(1) through (7) only
(b) Heavy wear or broken wires may occur in sections with the written approval of the manufacturer of the
in contact with equalizer sheaves or other sheaves where specific wire rope to which the deviation is applicable.
rope travel is limited, or with saddles. Care shall be (c) Broken wire removal criteria cited in this Volume
taken to inspect ropes at these locations. apply to wire rope operating on multi-layer drums
(c) All rope that has been idle for a period of 1 mo regardless of sheave material.
or more due to shutdown or storage of a side boom (d) In order to establish data as a basis of judging the
tractor on which it is installed shall be given a thorough proper time for replacement, a continuing inspection
inspection before it is placed in service. This inspection record should be maintained. This record shall cover
shall be for all types of deterioration and shall be per- points of deterioration listed in para. 14-2.4.1.
formed by an appointed or authorized person whose (e) Replacement rope shall be the same size, grade,
approval shall be required for further use of the rope. and construction as the original rope furnished by the
A dated report of the rope condition shall be filed. manufacturer, unless otherwise recommended by a rope
(d) Any new poured socket or swaged socket assem- manufacturer or a qualified person due to actual work-
bly used as a standing rope (guy) shall be proof tested ing condition requirements.
to the side boom tractor or fitting manufacturer’s recom-
(f) Discarded rope should not be used for slings.
mendation, but in no case greater than 50% of the com-
ponent wire rope, structural strand, or fitting(s) nominal
14-2.4.3 Rope Maintenance
strength.
(a) Rope should be stored to prevent damage or
14-2.4.2 Rope Replacement
deterioration.
(a) No precise rules can be given for determination of (b) Unreeling or uncoiling of rope shall be done as
the exact time for rope replacement, since many variable recommended by the rope manufacturer(s) or a qualified
factors are involved. Once a rope reaches any one of the person and with care to avoid kinking or inducing a
specified removal criteria, it may be allowed to operate
twist.
to the end of the work shift, based on the judgment of
(c) Before cutting a rope, means shall be used to pre-
a qualified person. The rope shall be replaced after that
vent unlaying of the strands.
work shift, at the end of the day, or at the latest time
prior to the equipment being used by the next work shift. (d) During installation, care should be observed to
(b) Removal criteria for rope replacement shall be as avoid dragging the rope in dirt or around objects that
follows: will scrape, nick, crush, or induce sharp bends.
(1) broken wires — in running ropes, six randomly (e) Rope should be maintained in a well-lubricated
distributed broken wires in one lay or three broken wires condition. Lubricant applied as part of a maintenance
in one strand in one lay. program shall be compatible with the original lubricant
(2) one outer wire broken at the point of contact and the rope manufacturer should be consulted. Lubri-
with the core of the rope that has worked its way out cant applied shall be of the type that does not hinder
of the rope structure and protrudes or loops out from visual inspection. Those sections of rope that are located
the rope structure. Additional inspection of this section over sheaves or otherwise hidden during inspection and
is required. maintenance procedures require special attention when
(3) independent wire rope core (IWRC) or strand lubricating rope. The object of rope lubrication is to
core protrusion between the outer strands. reduce internal friction and to prevent corrosion.
(4) kinking, crushing, birdcaging, or any other (f) When an operating rope shows greater wear at
damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure well-defined localized areas than on the remainder of
(5) evidence of heat damage. the rope, rope life can be extended (in cases where a
(6) reduction of rope diameter below nominal reduced rope length is adequate) by cutting off a section
diameter due to loss of core support, internal or external at the worn end, and thus shifting the wear to different
corrosion, or wear of outside wires. areas of the rope.

13
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

(10) Chapter 14-3


Operation

SECTION 14-3.1: OPERATOR QUALIFICATIONS render a hazard to the operator or others, or, that in
AND OPERATING PRACTICES the opinion of the examiner, could interfere with the
operator performance. If evidence of this nature is found,
14-3.1.1 Operators
it may be sufficient cause for disqualification. Special-
(a) Side boom tractors shall be operated only by the ized medical tests may be required to determine these
following personnel: conditions.
(1) qualified operators who meet the requirements (b) A negative result on a substance abuse test. The
of para. 14-3.1.2. level of testing shall be determined by the standard
(2) trainees under the direct supervision of a quali- practice for the industry where the side boom is
fied operator. employed and the test results shall be confirmed by a
(3) maintenance, inspection, and test personnel, recognized laboratory service.
when it is necessary in the performance of their duties (c) Operator requirements shall include, but not be
and they are qualified to do so. Operation by these limited to, the following:
persons shall be limited to those side boom functions (1) satisfactory completion of a written examina-
necessary to verify equipment function, perform mainte- tion covering the operational characteristics, controls,
nance on the side boom, or to verify the performance emergency control skills and side boom lifting opera-
of the side boom after maintenance. tions, appropriate for the side boom type and model
(b) No one, other than personnel specified in being operated. Emergency control skills shall include
para. 14-3.1.1(a), shall enter the operator station, with response to fire, power line contact, loss of stability, and
the exception of supervisors, whose duties require them issues with multiple side boom lifting operations.
to do so, and then only in the performance of their (2) demonstrated ability to read, write, and com-
duties and with the knowledge of the operator or other prehend the manufacturer’s manual and load chart.
appointed personnel.
(3) satisfactory completion of a combination writ-
14-3.1.2 Operator Qualifications ten and oral test on load/capacity chart usage for the
type of side boom that qualification is being sought.
Operators shall successfully meet the qualifications
(4) satisfactory completion of an operational test
for the specific type of operating system for the side
demonstrating proficiency in performing lifting, low-
boom tractor they are operating.
ering, booming, and traveling functions with and with-
(a) Operators and operator trainees shall meet the
out a load. Testing shall also include proficiency in
following physical requirements unless it can be shown
prestart and poststart inspection by appropriate written,
that failure to meet the qualifications will not affect the
oral, or practical methods for the type of side boom
operation of the side boom tractor. In such cases, the
tractor to be operated.
following specialized clinical or medical judgments and
tests may be required:
14-3.1.3 Operating Practices
(1) vision of at least 20/30 Snellen in one eye, and
20/50 in the other, with or without corrective lenses. The operator shall not allow anyone to be transported
(2) ability to distinguish red, green, and yellow, on a side boom tractor unless approved seating is pro-
regardless of position of colors, if color differentiation vided. Side boom tractors shall not be used for personnel
is required for operation. lifting, on the load, the hook, or in platforms, under any
(3) normal depth perception, field of vision, and condition.
no tendencies to dizziness. (a) The operator shall not engage in any practice that
(4) adequate hearing to meet operational demands, will divert his attention while actually engaged in
with or without hearing aid. operating the side boom tractor.
(5) sufficient strength, endurance, agility, coordina- (b) When physically or otherwise unfit, an operator
tion, manual dexterity, and speed of reaction to meet shall not engage in the operation of the equipment.
the operational demands. (c) The operator shall respond to signals only from
(6) no evidence of having physical defects, being the appointed signalperson but shall obey a STOP signal
subject to seizures, or emotional instability that could at any time, no matter who gives it.

14
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

(d) Each operator shall be responsible for those opera- person responsible for the job shall ascertain that the
tions under the operator’s direct control. Whenever there weight of the load has been determined within +10%
is any doubt as to safety, the operator shall consult with before it is lifted.
the supervisor before handling the loads. (c) When the load lifted results in design factors of
(e) If a warning signal is furnished, it shall be sounded less than 4.0 for running ropes or 3.5 for standing ropes,
each time before traveling, and intermittently during the following requirements shall be met:
travel, particularly when approaching work-persons. (1) An inspection prior to and following the lift
(f) Before leaving the side boom tractor unattended, reveals no deficiencies of the rope, per Section 14-2.4.
the operator shall (2) The maximum load capacity of the side boom
(1) land any attached load, bucket, lifting magnet, is not exceeded.
or other device, if practical (3) The load can be and is handled in such manner
(2) disengage clutch and at such speeds as to minimize dynamic effects.
(3) set travel brakes, boom brakes, and other lock- (4) The lift and inspections are made under con-
ing devices trolled conditions and under the direction of a qualified
(4) put controls in the off position person.
(5) stop the engine
(6) secure the side boom tractor against inadver- 14-3.2.2 Attaching the Load
tent travel (a) The hoist rope shall not be wrapped around the
(7) lower the boom to the ground level or otherwise load.
secure it against displacement by wind loads or other (b) The load shall be attached to the hook by means
outside forces of slings or other devices.
(g) If there is a warning sign on the switch or engine
starting controls, the operator shall not close the switch 14-3.2.3 Moving the Load
or start the engine until it is removed by authority of (a) The individual directing the lift shall see that the
the person who placed the sign on the machine. load is secured and balanced in the sling or lifting device
(h) The operator shall verify that all controls are in before it is lifted more than a few inches.
a position recommended by the manufacturer and all (b) Before starting to lift, the individual directing the
personnel are in the clear before starting the engine. lift shall note the following conditions:
(i) If power fails during operation, the operator shall (1) Hoist rope shall not be kinked.
(1) set all brakes and locking devices (2) Multiple-part lines shall not be twisted around
(2) move all clutch or other power controls to the each other.
off position (3) The hook shall be brought over the load in such
(3) land the suspended load under brake control, a manner as to prevent swinging.
if practical (4) If there is a slack rope condition, it should be
(j) The operator shall be familiar with the equipment determined that the rope is properly seated on the drum
and its proper care. If adjustments or repairs are neces- and in the sheaves.
sary, or any defects are known, the operator shall report (5) Confirm all personnel are clear of the load and
the same promptly to the appointed person and notify lifting equipment, or have acknowledged awareness of
the next operator of any remaining, uncorrected defects. the intended movement.
(k) All controls shall be tested by the operator at the (c) During lifting, care should be taken that
start of a new shift. If any controls do not operate prop- (1) there is no sudden acceleration or deceleration
erly, they shall be adjusted or repaired before operations of the moving load
are begun. (2) the load does not contact any obstructions
(l) Booms that are being assembled or disassembled (d) Side loading of booms should be limited to freely
on the ground, with or without support of the boom suspended loads.
harness, should be blocked to prevent dropping of the (e) The operator shall not lift, lower, or travel while
boom and boom sections. anyone is on the load or hook, except when the hook
is attached to landed pipe placed in trench.
SECTION 14-3.2: HANDLING THE LOAD (f) Ensure all personnel are clear of the load and lifting
equipment.
14-3.2.1 Weight of Load (g) The operator shall avoid carrying loads over
(a) No side boom tractor shall be loaded beyond the people.
maximum load capacity, except for test purposes as pro- (h) The operator shall test the load and boom brakes
vided in Section 14-2.2. each time a load approaching the rated load is handled.
(b) When loads that are limited by structural compe- (i) If equipped by the manufacturer, stabilizers shall
tence rather than by stability are to be handled, the be used when the load to be handled at that particular

15
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ASME B30.14-2010

load overhang exceeds the rated load without stabiliz- shall be responsible for the operation. The designated
ers, as specified by the manufacturer. Where floats are person shall analyze the operation and instruct all per-
used, they shall be attached to the stabilizers. Wood sonnel involved in the proper positioning, rigging of the
blocks used to support stabilizers shall be load and movements to be made.
(1) strong enough to prevent crushing, bending, or (b) When side boom tractors are used to lift loads
shear failure with the aid of other equipment, one designated person
(2) of such thickness, width, and length as to com- shall be responsible for the operation. That person shall
pletely support the float, transmit the load to the sup- evaluate the operation, instruct all personnel in the
porting surface, and prevent shifting, toppling, or proper positioning of the equipment, rigging of the load,
excessive settlement under load any connections between the machines, and all move-
(3) used only under the outer bearing surface of ments to be performed.
the extended stabilizer beam (c) Decisions such as the necessity to reduce side
(j) Neither the load nor the boom shall be lowered boom tractor lift capacity ratings, load position, boom
below the point where less than two full wraps of rope and hook locations, ground support, and speed of move-
remain on their respective drums. ment shall be in accordance with this evaluation and in
(k) When two or more side boom tractors are used compliance with all manufacturer’s recommendations.
to lift one load, one designated person shall be responsi-
ble for operation. He shall analyze the operation and SECTION 14-3.3: SIGNALS
instruct all personnel involved in the proper positioning, 14-3.3.1 Standard Signals
rigging of the load, and the movements to be made.
(l) In transit, the following additional precaution shall Standard signals to the operator shall be in accordance
be exercised: the empty hook shall be lashed or other- with the standards prescribed in para. 14-3.3.2 unless
wise restrained so that it cannot swing freely. voice communication equipment (telephone, radio, or
(m) Before traveling a side boom tractor with load, a equivalent) is utilized. Signals shall be discernible or
qualified person shall be responsible for determining audible at all times. No response shall be made unless
and controlling safety. Decisions such as position of load, signals are understood.
boom location, ground support, travel route, and speed
14-3.3.2 Hand Signals
of movement shall be in accord with that person’s
determinations. Hand signals shall be in accordance with
(n) When a side boom tractor is to be operated at a Fig. 14-3.3.2-1 and shall be posted conspicuously.
fixed boom overhang, the bottom hoist pawl or other
positive locking device shall be engaged. 14-3.3.3 Voice Signals
Prior to beginning lifting operations using voice sig-
14-3.2.4 Load Ratings — Where Dynamic Factors nals, the signals shall be discussed and agreed upon by
Determine Lifting Capacity the person directing lifting operations, the side boom
When dynamic operating conditions involving travel tractor operator, and the appointed signal person.
or lateral movement, multiple unit lifts, or when load (a) Telephones, radios, or equivalent, if used, shall be
hoisting/lowering speeds may cause shock loading, the tested before lifting operations begin.
rated load capacity shall be determined by a qualified (b) Prior to commencing a lift, the operator and signal
person. person shall contact and identify each other.
14-3.2.5 Holding the Load (c) All directions given to the side boom tractor opera-
tor by the signal person shall be given from the opera-
(a) The operator shall not leave the controls while the
tor’s direction perspective (e.g., turn right).
load is suspended.
(d) Each series of voice signals shall contain three
(b) As an exception to para. 14-3.2.5(a), under such
elements stated in the following order:
circumstances where a load is to be held suspended for
(1) function and direction
a period of time exceeding normal lifting operations,
(2) distance and/or speed
the operator may leave the controls, provided prior to
that time the appointed individual and operator shall (3) function stop
establish the requirements for restraining the boom
14-3.3.4 Special Signals
and load.
(c) No person should be permitted to stand or pass For operations not covered by para. 14-3.3.2 or for
under a suspended load. special conditions that occur from time to time, addi-
tions to or modifications of the standard signals may be
14-3.2.6 Assisted Lifts required. In such cases these special signals shall be
(a) When two or more side boom tractors are used agreed on in advance by the operator and the signalper-
to simultaneously lift one load, one designated person son and should not be in conflict with standard signals.

16
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ASME B30.14-2010

14-3.3.5 Instructions line or the electrical utility authorities verify that it is


If it is desired to give instructions to the operator, not an energized line.
other than provided by the established signal system, (d) Exceptions to this procedure, if approved by the
the side boom tractor motions shall be stopped. owner of the electrical lines, may be granted by the
administrative or regulatory authority if the alternate
procedure provides sufficient protection and is set forth
SECTION 14-3.4: MISCELLANEOUS in writing.
14-3.4.1 Counterweight (e) If cage-type boom guards, insulating links, or
proximity warning devices are used on side boom trac-
Counterweights shall be used in accordance with the tors, such devices shall not be a substitute for the require-
manufacturer’s specifications. ments of para. 14-3.4.2(a) even if such devices are
required by law or regulation. Limitations of such
14-3.4.2 Operating Near Electric Power Lines
devices shall be understood by operating personnel and
(a) Side boom tractors shall be operated so that no tested in the manner prescribed by the manufacturer of
part of the side boom tractor or load enters into the the device.
Danger Zone shown in Fig. 14-3.4.2-1. (f) Durable signs shall be installed at the operator’s
NOTE: The Danger Zone may be entered if station and on the outside of the side boom tractor,
(a) the electrical distribution and transmission lines have been warning that electrocution or serious bodily injury may
de-energized and visibly grounded at the point of work occur unless a minimum clearance of 10 ft (3.0 m) is
(b) insulating barriers (not a part of nor an attachment to the maintained between the side boom tractor or the load
side boom tractor) have been erected to prevent physical contact being handled and energized power lines. Greater clear-
with the lines
ances are required because of higher voltage as stated
(1) For lines rated 50 kV or below, minimum clear- in para. 14-3.4.2(a)(1). Signs shall be revised but not
ance between the lines and any part of the side boom removed when local jurisdiction requires greater
tractor or load (including handling appendages) shall clearances.
be 10 ft (3.0 m). For higher voltages, see Table 14-3.4.2-1.
(2) Caution shall be exercised when working near 14-3.4.3 Refueling
overhead lines because they can move horizontally or (a) When refueling with a small portable container,
vertically due to wind, moving the Danger Zone to new it shall be a safety-type can equipped with automatic
positions. closing cap and flame arrester.
(3) In transit with no load and boom lowered, the (b) Gasoline powered machines shall not be refueled
clearance shall be as specified in Table 14-3.4.2-1. with the engine running.
(4) A qualified signalperson shall be assigned to (c) Smoking or open flames shall be prohibited in the
observe the clearance and give warning before refueling area.
approaching the limits specified in Table 14-3.4.2-1.
(b) Before the commencement of operations near elec- 14-3.4.4 Fire Extinguishers
trical lines, the person responsible for the job shall notify (a) A portable fire extinguisher, with a minimum
the owners of the lines or their authorized representa- extinguisher rating of 10 BC, shall be installed in the
tive, providing them with all pertinent information and cab or at the machinery housing.
requesting their cooperation. (b) Operating and maintenance personnel shall be
(c) Any overhead wire shall be considered to be an familiar with the use and care of the fire extinguisher
energized line unless and until the person owning such provided.

17
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ASME B30.14-2010

Fig. 14-3.3.2-1 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Side Boom Tractor Operations

HOIST. With forearm vertical, LOWER. With arm extended STOP. Arm extended, palm down,
forefinger pointing up, move downward, forefinger pointing move arm back and forth.
hand in small horizontal circle. down, move hand in small
horizontal circles.

EMERGENCY STOP. Both arms RAISE BOOM. Arm extended, LOWER BOOM. Arm extended,
extended, palms down, move fingers closed, thumb pointing fingers closed, thumb pointing
arms back and forth. upward. downward.

MOVE SLOWLY. Use one hand to RAISE THE BOOM AND LOWER LOWER THE BOOM AND RAISE
give any motion signal and place THE LOAD. With arm extended, THE LOAD. With arm extended,
other hand motionless in front of thumb pointing up, flex fingers thumb pointing down, flex fingers
hand giving the motion signal. in and out as long as load move- in and out as long as load move-
(Hoist slowly shown as example). ment is desired. ment is desired.

18
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ASME B30.14-2010

Fig. 14-3.3.2-1 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Side Boom Tractor Operations (Cont’d)

TRAVEL (One Track). Lock the TRAVEL (Both Tracks). Use both
track on side indicated by raised fists on front of body, making a
fist. Travel opposite track in circular motion about each other,
direction indicated by circular indicating direction of travel–
motion of other fist, related forward or backward.
vertically in front of body.

EXTEND BOOM (Telescoping RETRACT BOOM (Telescoping


Boom). One-hand signal. One Boom). One-hand signal. One fist
fist in front of chest with thumb in front of chest, thumb pointing
tapping chest. outward and heel of fist tapping
chest.

DOG EVERYTHING. Clasp hands


in front of body.

19
Copyright c 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.14-2010

Fig. 14-3.4.2-1 Danger Zone for Side Boom Tractors Table 14-3.4.2-1 Required Clearance for Normal
and Lifted Loads Operating Near Electrical Voltage in Operation Near High-Voltage Power
Transmission Lines Lines and Operation in Transit With No Load and
Boom or Mast Lowered
This area should be avoided. Minimum Required
Normal Voltage, kV Clearance
(Phase to Phase) ft (m)

When Operating Near High Voltage Power Lines


Up to 50 10 (3.05)
Over 50 to 200 15 (4.60)
Danger zone area Over 200 to 350 20 (6.10)
Over 350 to 500 25 (7.62)
Over 500 to 750 35 (10.67)
Over 750 to 1,000 42 (12.80)

While in Transit With No Load and Boom or Mast Lowered


Up to 0.75 4 (1.22)
Over 0.75 to 50 6 (1.83)
Over 50 to 345 10 (3.05)
Over 345 to 750 16 (4.87)
Over 750 to 1,000 20 (6.10)

GENERAL NOTE: For minimum radial distance of danger zone, see


para. 14-3.4.2.

20
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ASME B30.14-2010

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