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s n i n s u i w a m u n u i n a ~ l un.R. 1900 ! C i n i s d i u u ~ ~ d a ~ ~ G
"snuu6"
ii~n ~dsku~%ii
Guarslassuf! 20 riluf!~~~nmI~iilui7~mulani,
3 ~iGYu~un11G~ilu~duu"u
i7~nuGY~niiia
1~t0y~i~~ua~unimuuinulnu~a~i~~~~uan"ua"wuliaaua"i~"aonaiu~ini~iw
(Cultural lags) u 7 n u l u

muud (automobile)
~iGj90inan
u u m q & ~ " ~ ~ ~ w u 6 s n 4 n~doGu~lmaa.ru4
auiu 20 anuumTCGwadonia
d Z d
AnPu!f n u a ~ n u o ~ u i ~ u ~ ~ u a ~d~i n~ nui ianl n a i n m t a a "i ii i ~ ~ K a n 7w'-" a
(Middletown) VOP 1u6 (Lynds) cnila n.R.1920 n i l q ~ n ~ n w i w ~ n .03r ea nn ~~u~6 4
iisioi8!~~~a~d.rt.a1"11~1uin~f~wia6
buin~aqnqun&uika.R( ~u~~~nri,ljiud
1980 P.299 g14fis Robert Sand Helen M.Lynd,Middletown, 1929 P.114) 3nUudiw n $ l
Y A
I r i ~ ~ i ~ i u n ' u d f i i u i 3 z ~ z(w
n ~n.fl.1890
~ ~ ~ u "driisiu.uotaia
~u 9osiYuuius~ldlnn
nir ~ w n : l % n i s n u u i n u s i l ~ ? i n i 3 ~ ~uu r~i~i"i iI)u d ~ s ~ a ~ ~ r n n 4 1 6n.~.1929
sdu~
$11$n13$osnuudnnns u i ~ n u u m ~ 6 ~ d ~ u u 5 ~ ~ ? m a i a ~.aiabdos!n%%~~an-~
dns~sn~ia
Y Y
nis~us~ni3iiym3 3zniis n.R. 1929-1933 ni~(ii[u
ue:n13~n~~owiain~mTndoonld
s-d Y
~n
L~~JARR J b ~ u ~ ~ ~ n i i i 4 i n i ~ i l ~ i i ~ u 1Isiiini3~nntLiuusn
u ~ m b d a ~ 1 a ~ uumLw~vu~n
d u l i i i n i ~ ~ o ~ n t l u m ~ v l x i a r a n a s s : ~ i i s t ' i n n a i u n n A i ~~i sn~~~u~ a
PI wu~ li iu~r u m ~ i i s ~

Gn~$nnia~'Gmdon'~6qu.rnuud W~~n$ani~d~ilu
n~~nuuinubmuniamuu6~wnio5
q m d s d o a ~ u n r l u n i ~ d ~ ~oui ffii~~iuu
naiuhnisicurua33u nisisuuassuh
(Cultural lags) Qinbb'tba~aiU~~"u~960nbfi0f~
(William F.Ogburn)

wideia~a(Expressway)
s-d e' X
n i ~ ~ % ~ n u u o a n ~ w u 4 i u a . u u i n u u ~ u ~ , " 1 1 ~ ~ ~ o s f i i 'unawisiau"
~os"biin~dos~~~nii
(expressway cities) lutaudis q uosbsn uamislhnuunlni~ ~~.U"O.I~"U~I~~-ILG~Q?~
" U Q J T J I ~ ~ D ~iimd~ln~nl3nini~~snudbiluan'~13nuud
~ &b.du !m3d%i~ Y;&:I (drive in
movies) In345 G u ~ ~ (drive
3 6in banks) !mda":U n31u n~ubu€lii a e l 3 R n j ~ o s f i
w do.
(drive - in dry cleaners and restaurants) L ~ G L L ~ S ~ S ~ S R ~ ~ W ~ ~ ~ I ~ . U E ~ ~ ~ L
(drive in supermarkets) ~d~$ubbu't.ddluao' (drive - in churchs) 3?~fi~b3~1~3ud$u~n
~hldw'n (drive in inn) ~u2dbbuud6nn?ih~bbaa ~ i u ddnnglu~un~~odugsnulw
~ n u

ni3uwdsuaam (Mass Transit; aausQ-umPafh)

 i w =pbw3u i ~ u n i s ~ a i m h c s n ~ d i i ~ p s " ~ R a ~ u " ~ ~ u ~ ~ u u ~ i o c m i
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w d u
i d o c d i ~ n ~ i n n i s n u u i n ~ w i c ~ 7i dannaiu816y
ou uarMinMunnisLwiniuocoi~
n7abw~u~ieBc5u~iluiii~ciicludqa
~$ui~~ani(~un~s~mnuunic~~~ac~ioniceiau
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I

(2) I ~ ~ ~ % ~ L ~ D L ~ ~ R I ~ U ~ S ~
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nioniscn
au w ouoinniw ~ i o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i l u g u e J " n a i ~ u o ~ T a d d i u
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d
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l J b d ~ d w ' ~ ~ 7
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srrfiin f i a ~ ~uaz~iiotaou
in q unutu bt~n$ubwnziifiomslwbn8nn~i
A'd A
~ i n ~ d t f i n ~ u ~ w n t n ~ u ~ u o ~ ou i n ~Bana?s w
u a i l ~ a w i z o e i i ~ f i a~~nuaf i4 n n r i i ~ n u ~
Go niaqmsnnnu & ~ i uuiuniynM
u &nAazuot
 ~ i i o ~ r i ~ u 1 n ~ a : ~ i i n ~ u ~ i n n i a ~ ~ u ~ ~ i u a(1)
: ~ i(2)
i f (3)
i a u~ d uk u o i n
a0u&
(1) ~CotriiC(I.ndd~n
(2) ~ilu?nC(nqnwi7nimud~
(3)~ i l u ~ u r j nmurid
a i ~ ~iudBn
i
dd ild il-
(4)b a s s i u ~ u ~ ~ n s f i s n i a ~ i l u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ u i ~ ~ ~ u a n i a ~ ~ ~ ~ w ~
ainni~~~aWnwi~~n~ia~n~uii~~I~~~~uda:Iu~6fi~n~iluI~wmi
& < u C ( & w ~ ~ ~ f i n ~ ~ o ~ f i e ~ " d w a ~ ~ b ~ o dub e~ na ua ai an i~uu1 ~6 ~ o d o i a ~ $ o u ~ n i u ~ ~ ~ i n
f i a t u 6 ~ ~ 7 n ~ l o u u o ~ ~ d ~ uoifi~du
u~weaJ "m w q ~ ~ i a m i C ( ~ d d u u l d ~ ~ o h n 6 u l ~ ~ i u l w
$Y oc1sna:uin ~Ou$u
 Settlement ,Cluster type settlement, Scattered type settlement, Line type
settlement, Ancient cities, Surplus products, Services, non-agriculture, marketplace,
Politics and ~arfare,lndustrialcity, Pre-industrial city, Postindustrial city, Urbanization,
unplamed Change, planned change , development, environment, ecology,
demography, civilization.

Kingsley David,Abraham$on, A.L. Oppenheim, Adam Smith, Werner

Sombart, Sjoberg, Charls Horton Cooley, Lenski and Lenski.

3. fiooilrdua~uk~lo
miuuuana~ulouoduo& (Adam Smith) dC~riluT;J&iYrpioni3
&~uaiulwni.r~il~rilu~uaurr~ur~a~
 1) ~ ~ ~ G n i a u b i i u Product)
(Surplus 2) a?n7muiu
3) 6u21uijn7iuqnunuu,N' ~au
unud-nuduu~hhn+a(Tigris) u ~ - E d n(Indes)
w

4) $0 I) bba: 3) 5) q n n j ~ u n
2. & w r u r a ~ % w u u u ~ n ~ ~ ~ r i surplus
a a ~ L i iProduct
n 1~~iluasiuatiiwddIun7a
~~unyun~iu~ilu~ia~lr"aaniaRi~fin~ia~
1) Food Gathering and Hunting 2) Shifting Cultivation
3) Agriculture 4) $9 1) LL8: 2) 5) An6dlrun
d
~ ~ ~ : ~ a a7uauau
3. n i a n l J l j i u o ~ u u w u n ~ ~ ~ b i " ~ a ~ ~n3:Qium.u n~a kai;Liludb
r a ~ i lsoisuu
n LTJRISI mala qaq ~ i l u n ~ ~ ~ ~ X u ~ ~ u ~ ~ u u l a
1) Line Type Settlement 2) Scattered Type settlement
3) Cluster Type Settlement 4) Urban Settlement 5) Rural Settlement
4. m s ~ ~ d u a i u l j i u ~ o u ~ ~ nui ~
~s~n ~
u u~ni~mYbvi
6i ~ a i ui n~~~~ u
~mi ~bdu;7u
~buuan
1) Line Type Settlement 2) Scattered Type Settlement
3) Cluster Type Settlement 4) Urban Settlement 5) Rural Settlement
5. K~~San%nin~~ubnssa~i*79n7~lu~dasacuz~~rn~u
1) Line Type Settlement 2) Scattered Type Settlement
3) Cluster Type Settlement 4) nnv?dtlun 5) ~jn$dlrun
6. 6ab~anladlurrutbban
b ub ~ u ! d b a i l ~ n i ~ a 7 d b b ~ u i a ~ ~ ~ i
1) Line Type Settlement 2) Scattered Type Settlement
3) Cluster Type Settlement 4) qnkwun 5) Anv&lrun
7. Ka~Sanla~lustur~~~nhu~iluldl~
ildsier~inni~~i~~~wuia~lr~i
1) Line Type Settlement 2) Scattered Type Settlement
3) Cluster Type Settlement 4) qnthnun 5) Aan'jlrun
17. R U U R ~ I ~ Y D J ~ LWULSU
D W (Oppenheim) n l % ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i b p s ~ u l ~ i n D ~ ~ 3

vosdaemna
0,

3) d ~ i u ~ i ? u a i h ? a h 5 n u i 4) y'o 1) La:: 2) 5) ~ n n j ~ u m
18. ~da~e71unia~uiuiw~iu11o~3~d~
bn5n uaeaowbwurau ( Kinsley David, 1969 and
Oppenheim ,1957) aabua%l (Sjoberg) fiundlfle~a
1) Pre - industrial city 2) industrial city 3) Post - industrial city
a:
4) $8 1) bba= 3) 5) ~ n w s ~ u n
19. uauo~n~d~~qn~i~naaurialss"~fimuann~aun~~unoela