AR,T APPRECTATION

Chapter 3
The $rrbject

Whnt is n rubject of art?

The subject of afi is the matter to be described or to be
portrayed by the rufist. The subject ol art is varied This nr'rt
refer
to any persofi, object, scene or event.
Subject
' Tlt"r.vorld is so interesting, it ofl'ers so malry vleus'
stories and images. A painter, a poet, a rvriter, a choreographer' a
photographer, i film-maker, a cartoonist, a designer' ard some
*utt'
lm". practitionerd will never rur out of subject There are
unlimited iubjects'that surround us, eYery second, even/ minute; we
be utilized as a
s()e potential concrete and abstract material that can
sublcct.
Subject i-n art generaliy refers to the thing, object, persorr'
landscape. .rlrt, .t.. dipicted b1' the artists in his/her arlu'ork' It
,"ru", L ih" *iodo* of the artwork, for througlr it' the audience
r.vill be informed of what the artwork is all about
AnJthilg under the lreat of the sun - Irom the largest
mountain to ihe smallest details of anlhing on Eartll and even the
thurgs that the human eyes couldn't see qau be magnified and used
as a subject in art.
lrlot onll' concrete objects in the real rvorld but also
anlthing in the renlnls of imaginatiort can b.e. used as a subject in
art T}; river or siream of consciousness rvill never run dry' The
light matbe too fast, the moment may be so brie{but still artists
aie able io.capture thern in their very o\Yl1 rval's and sB'les'
There rnay be times that an artist is shut, exirausted and tlred; )'et'
this experience could possibll'beccme the subject itself- depicting
and fatigue in the arfwcrk' Hence, experience is a strong
"rrlrursiio,
drive ofartist in choosirg a subject.
.An artu'ork that has a subject is classified as a
representational art. It is also kno*n-us objective art beclrse )'ou
can easily ob.1ectifu the subject. Wliile, an artwork that ltas no
subject is classified as non-represcritational art. it is also known as
non-objective art because it doesn't represent anything
Paintings, sculptures, photography, graphic afts, dance,
theater, literature, are generally classified as representational.arts'
sometimes paintings aud sculphres do not have subjects'
Ihough,
mole"sorvithdance.t]reater.andliterafurervhiclrdonotdspictclear
subjects/ representations bttt l.rave themes ttrat rvould help 1he
a,,dieo." clarify their meanings ahd intentions'
tr;fosi artrvorks have subiects except for the architecture
and music whir:h rarciv have. {Jnless an arcl-ritect rvill build literalll'
that an
a building tirat looks iike b "durian fruit," then we can say
architi:ctrirel design has a subject. Basicall1', music llas no subject
t,it tt" lyrics pa'illel to the music is the one that rnakes the ll'ork
easily,rndcrstood..\\rlrenaclassicalorinstrumentalmusicisusedirr
o ..ituin iilrn or theater production, lve noq' associate this music
not on the merits.of the cimposition but u.ith the theme of the hlm
or art production.
On the sttrer hand artrvorks have content lvhich rel-ers to
is the therne
the nreaning of the artlvork. The orher torrn for cot-rtent
.The conten=t ls the essence or substance ofa thrng or an object'
Kinds ofSubject
Practically everything under the sutt is re"r' material for
the artist 1o ct:aq' his subject from Mratever subject au artist
chooses,lusclroiceinvolrresSomepersonalstatelrrerrt;itshovs'
rvhat he considers sigruficant or aesthetically satis$ing'
The subjeit depicted in works of art, particularly the
visual arts. can be grouPed i-nto:
R fuACASAQUIT L. SILVESI'RE
1.
' setrscal)cs nnd cityscapcs
Larrdscapcs,
Artist havc ahvals boen lhscirrated witlr thetr
ph-"-sical envil'omnent. Since aitcient timcs, lar:dscapes
I
*i ..r,r"rp"t have becu tlie favorite :iribjects of Chinesc
and Japanese pai[ters, r"'ho lvo-irld obsen''e natnre,
rnaiirate lcogthily on its clern,rl qualities and pairrt it iLr
its varying moods. It is not utrco*tmo[ to see on rvirle
,"r**ni oi irandscrolls Chincse brush pairltings oI rnisl-
covered mountains dtvarfing human figures and anirnals'
Filipi:ro painters, too, have caphred on can't'as ihe
fhiiippine countryside, as rvell as the sea bathed in pale
*ooriigt t or catching the reflection of tlie setting sul. in
his rvoiks, Fenrando Arnorsolo rornanticized Philippinc
landscapes, turning'the rural areas into idyllic piaces
rvhere agrarian probiems are virtuallv unknown.
Modem paurters scerl to be rnorc attracted to
in cities. Traffic jams, high-rises and sk.vlines
sc,enes
marked by uneven rooltops and tclevision antcunae havc
caught tilir fancv. Vicente Mar-rausala, Arluro Luz- and
Mauro Malang Santos are among the Filipino patntcrs
rvho hare done intercsting citlscapes.
Still lifes.
Some artist love to paint groups of itranirr:atc
objects afl'anged in an indoor seitiug. While florver and
lruit arrangemellt are alnong their lavoiites, the.r' nlso
poftray suc,h ob.lects as dishes of focd on a dinmg table'
pots and pans on a kitchen table, or rnusical insttltntcnts
and music sheets. They ttsltalll' arrangc [re objccts kr
shorv particular humau interests and activitics.
The still li-tes of Chinese and Japaucse paintei s
usualll, shou' florvers, fruits and leaves still in iheir
natlu'ai setting, unplucked frorn the branches'
Today, arlist generalll' are not so urttcl:r
inrerested in thc realistic portraYal of tlie objccts as
the-v are in the exciting arrangemcnt attil
cornbinations olthe otrject's shapes and colors.
The cubists delibcrately i'laitened out arld
simplified the forms or reiurangcd their parts str, that a
unique visual effect u'as achie'i'ed. (lezanne's ancl
Picasso's still life are of this nattu'e. Anil so are sornc o1'
AlgKiuKok's
Ivlanansala's and
3. Alimrrls.
Anotirci'popular subject is animals. Tho hrvc
been represented b1' artists lrom ah'tost evetv- age and
place. ln fact. the earliest knorvt-t parntings 'ilic
are
iepresentations of anirnals on the rvalls of caves
of alirnals in action have attr'lcted
grace and vigor
painters antl sculptorp alike and irave insplrcd poets as
ivell. William Blake tvrote aboui thc svninlcl-ry and potvcr
of thc tiger and the nteeleress r:l the iamtr' lf ll
I-arwence celebrated the regal bearing ol a goldcn sna[<;
^ The"Snake".
in his pocm.
carabao has bcen a lavorilc srrbjet:l of'
F'rlipino artisi.s, Rorneo Tabuerla's slylizcd carabaos
have graced Philippine Chi"islrrras cil'ds lJlpolcon
Abueia's bronze and marble sculptures itavl captured
the skenglh and beaut-l'of the anitnal.
The Maranarvs have an arrimrl fonn called thc
sarimatrok as their proudest prestige s1'rui;cl' Mottnteri on
a pole and given a place of prominencc during lestivit'ies'
itis shapeJlit<c a rooster u'hosc lortg trll is rnade t'o iook
like feui lroncl rvhorls. The salimantrk is a legcndarl-' bird
Page 12
 l
that figru'ed prominently in the stor)' of lndarapatra and
Sula)T nan'
Anirnals have also beeu used as symbols in
conventiona.l religious art. The dove stands for the FJoly
Spirit i-n representations of the Tmirv* The iish and the
larrb at" symbols for Christ; the phoenix of the
Resurrections; and the peacock of immortality tlrough
Chnst.
Port rait.
People have alu'ays been intrigued by the
hurnan face as an index of the owner's character' As an
instrulent of expressioll, it is capable of showing a
variety of moods and feelings.
A portraiL is a realistic likeness of a person in a
sculpt-ure, painting, drarving or paint. It need not bc a
phoiogaplric likeness. A great portrait is a product of a
selective process, tire artist highlighting certain features
ofhis subject and de-emphasizing others it does not have
to be beautiful- but it must be tmtMul- But some painters,
desiring to please their patrons, usually soften the lines ol
erp".ietrce on the faces, thereby robbing the onlooker of
the pleasures of studying thc true character ofthe subject'
Portraits are also used to mark miicstoncs rn
people's lives. Baptisms, graduation aud *cddings are
on", occasions for people to posc lor their portraits'
Figures.
I ttl. scuiptor's chicf subject l.ras traditionaliy
been the human body. nude or clothed. The body's form,
structure. antl flexibiiity offer thc rnost idealistic' as in the
to the most abstract, as in
c,lassical Creek sculptures,
Moor's "reclining
l ienr-y fi gures".
The grace ancl ideai proportions of tire human
' form uere captured in religious sculptr-re by the ancient
Creeks. To ihem physicatr beauty lr'as the s1'rnbol of
rnoral and spiritual perfection; thus drel'portrayed their
' gods ancl goddesses as possessing perfect hulnan shapes'
Fondof itl,lctic. thcy also crtjoledreprcscnting heakhl
ancl graceful atliletes, as in the Discus T.lrorver'
Earl-v- Cluistian and medieval artist seldorn
represented the mtde figure and thc figures thei' used to
decorate the enlrances and w'alls of their churcired rvere
distorted so as distract the mind from spiritual thoughts'
Rut Renaissatrce artist rearvakened an ilterest
in the nude human figue. N4ichaelangclo's David shorvs
a closer tie rvith r}i Greek sculphues than rvith thi:
Romanesque ones.
6. Everidal lile
Artist have als'avs shown a deep concern about
life around tJrem. lv{an1: of thern have recorded in
paintings theil otisen'ation of people going about tireir
,rrul *ays, performing thoir usual tasks Among thc-se.
are repreientaLions of rice 1]rcshers, cockfighters' candle
.,e,rdois. streel musician and children at play The,v are
called genre paintings.Amorsolo's Planting fuce,
Larurdry Wornen and Batis belong to tiris category'
Ways of Representing Subject
The manner ol representing subject motter r';uies
of each artist' He may
according to the inventiveness and purllose
emploli realisnl, abstrr,ction, or distorlion'
Realism
II. M.ACASAQUiT I-. SILVESTRE
ART APPRECXATXffiN
When things are depicted in dre rvay tirey would normall.v
appear in nature, the representation is said to be realistic What you
see is what ) ott get.
Strictll' speaking' no u'ork of art is truly realistic' since no
rvork of art is ai aictrate-cop' of rvhat exists rn the natu'al world.
Anvone who has lvatchcd a painter at work knows horv rnanl'
detiils he leaves out. alters and adds, departing from recording
optical realiqv. Manl' great artist have bcen able to crcate the
iiusion ofreality through a seleciive usc ofdetaiis
A reaiistic novel is not just il naration ol evcnt rviliih
aotuall-v* took place. Ra|lrer, it is an irlugintrtive narrative. thc d':iails
of which the iudror has so tuanipuiatc that $e situation nflpcrr:r as
sornething that couid have really happened or may possibly happcu'
It coulcl, rn fact, be anchored on a historical fact, but iis cha:acters
rvould be imaginary people, although they would seeni to be like
some people t;. moti oriave met.
2. Abstraction
Some paintings seem to be photograptrric rcnderings oi'
fack. But most paintings and sculpldres are absiract to a ccrtairt
dcgree. Abstraction is the process of simplilying andr'or rccogrrizing
obfects an<l elements accorcling to lhe dernands of ariistic
gr.pression. The artist selects and renders the objects rvith tircir
shapes, colors and positions aitered.
Kinds of absFaction are as foilow$.
a. Elongation * it refers to that r,r'hich bcing lcngthencd'
b. Shortening - it rel'ers to that rvhich being shorteltetl'
c. Disiortiotr \Vhcn the fisues have becn so arranged thal'
proportions diffcr noticeablv froni natural measurenlellts'
ihe objects are saicl lo be distortecl Distoltion could also
mean lwisting, stretchirg or delorming thc tlatural sltapc
oIthc object
The retied sculptures and paintings ol Ancicnt Eq1'pt
were distorted. Thc he ad and the lorvcr part of the body rvere sholr'tr
in plofile. rvirile the e.ve and the upper par ol the boy' \"rere 1n
frontal position. Convention den-randed the highly stl"lizcci
representation of the figure.
In some abstract u'orks, enough cf a likencss has bcett
retainerl to represont real tiiings in other, tire original ob-icct't havc
been recluced to simple geometric shapes and tlrel' can be rzrrcl-v
iiientified urless the artist has namcd them ilr iris title. I{is c<lncet'n
is the rendering ofthe essellce ofthe subjcct rather than Lhc natrral
{orm itsell. Arturo Luz's paiuting entitled Carni'ral Forms (1958)
suggests the.fun and gaiet-v of the caruival through lhe lar,lrns
..fJtition of the rvheel form. Distortio, is us,ally dotle to dratnatizc
the shape of a figure or to crcate an eniotior.ral effect'
d.' Mangling - shorving of subjects or objccts that aro cui"'
lacerated. mrdilated and hacked.
e. CLrbisur - originated in Picasso' rvhich tt'ansposed Lraluial
forrns into oi,'erlapping transparent planes
3. Sunealisrn (Super-rcalism" benea"ilr the leal)
We generail-v regarcl surrealism as rcnlism plus distlrrltor.r'
Founde,l by p,:erpaintcr Andrc Breton it i924 in Pans, Francc
This is onl- one blle of surrealistn- though' ln gir''rrrg expt'essiotr-lc'
rvhat is in ttre iubconscious, the su*ealisi cotllpose dreamlik-*
scenes that sho$. an in.ationai arrangement ol obiects. The irrragcs
are recognizabie, sometimes. drarvn lrom naturc, btrl lhe1' arc
combineJ in utterly fantastic tnd ttnnatural rciationship Examl;le
of this are the Galo Ocampo's Ecce Homo depicis a bound ChrisL-
figure, his heart and bloo<l r'cssels exposed, standing auridst ruirt
.riO .i...y rvith bomb falling and dogfights going on tn l"hc
background.
4 Dadaisrn
Page 13
 : ARY APPRECTATI$N
ln Literatrue and painnng' it literalll' means "the killing
of the arts" Originated by Marcel Duchamp in 1916 in Zwich" ' 7 Fuhrism
It attempts to capture the movement and the dynamism ol
Switzerland. It i characterized tor be "non-sensical"' The name
"dada" a French word meaning "hobby horse" deliberately chosen the modern worlds. It developed in Italy about the same tie cubisni
because i[ rvas notrscnstcal appcured irr Frartoe.
5 Expressionism
Thl emphasis is on the "inner rvorld" of subjective 8. Impressionisnr
feeling ralher than on description ofthe outer u'orld' It is a method il painting q'ith small vibrant Cots ol. coior
This gave rise to thc later method called pointillisin.
6 Faur ism
In painting, led by Henri Matisse in 1903- i907 ln France, 9 Symbolism
Iiuses something ilvisiblc such as an idea or a quality to
tlisschool slorved distorted fonn and employed vivid spontaneous
represent another thing.
color effect. Characterized by the used of extremely bright colors in
order to expressjoy, pleasure and conrfort.

Pagc 1 4
R MACASAQUM L. SILVESTRE
7
-
qualthcs h'kc
H'*'n
Humanities vcrho ^ r,[ h!, lcinatn rs { Utilitarian- can be used in real life
Chapterl (,-llu,rJ- cd^u*ttl o-d (practical)
People always aspire to attain beauty.
L't''il; c)
> I
There are times that people encounter
Etymorogy: l^ c1i nr d -f d*
Humanities came from
f ?|],i,'"{,t
tlie Litin word
certain dilemma regarding the use of
the concept "art" that pertains to
"HUMANUS''which means to be truly human. beauty, with the concept "craft", that
!.vrn6n'
'f+
c*lturcd et'd r6p',nrcf
-,-t*.-..- refers to anythingthat is being useful.
o To be truly human, is to be culturally *
enhanced and refined.
"Beautiful things can be useful and useful
things can be beautiful."
Culture comes from the Latin terms "CULTUS-
COLEREI', which means to cultivate, to
According to Aristotle, "Afr is the Feascn
develop.
of making things", therefore, any kind of
. . Culture is the general way of life of a human activity that is directed to change
society, including ways of thinking,
or transform things under the patterns of
beliefs, customs, language, art and
right reason can be considered as an art.
traditions.
r lt is cumulative creation of man, the Art is very important in our lives and is
totality of human heritage.
considered as a olanguage of feeling!
It is also considered as one of the
HISTORY:
oldest and most important means of
Medieval Period: "cultivaticn *t elpression developed by man.
spirituality"
Related to love, there is a need for a
Renaissance Period: set of disciplines
clear and proper communication of
being taught in colleges and universities . sensuous medium/media of
Modern Period: it is referred to as expression to fully express our
ARTS. Humanities is art itself.
thoughts and feelings towards others.
Art is a formal expression of human
. Etyrnolagy a*d Evalutien of Art:
existence which focuses on two
Aryan Root "AR" meaning lijoint! or
3dput togethertt
distinct ideas:
FORM: pertains to expression
' CreekVerbs: -l tB-?aatrF- r^
Jr.JE Jt,tlaLE: rerer>
-^l^-- L(J tttdtr >
a. Artizein- to prepare
experiences in life
---t-

.b. Arkisk*im- to put together

r Latin A-KS, ARTiS meaning everything rut\L I tui\) ot An I :
: that is artificiaily made or composed of a Pi+YSI(AL
. by man. Uiiiiiy
lmportance/lmpaet sf Ant Human
lnstructional
Existen:e:
Histcrieal
c TransformedAestheticaliy Representational

\
 . SOCIAL
- lnfluential lUledia
- lnteraction (communication)
r PSYCHOLOCICAL
- lnspirational
- Relaxation
- Gratification
Other Functions of Art to Human
Existence:
t. AESTHETIC FUHCTIOH - man must be
aware and conscious about the beauty
of his environment through arts in
attaining perfection.
z. CULTURAL FUNCTION- through art,
man has the ability to know more
about his own self, becomes more
educated, civilized and refined that
makes his life trnore meaningful.
j. SOCIAL FUNCTION- the new learning
and experiences of man and the
creation of civic and graphic arts
stimulate inner feelings and emotions
conveying positive values where man
learns to participate empathize and
cooperate as an active member of the
society.
4. UTILITARIAN FUNCTION- art plays a
significant role in man's daily life.
Through this, man can acquire* his
basic needs such as food, shelter,
clothing, and other necessities and
conveniences.
Areas of the Arts
The following areas or branches of
leaming that are concerned to human
thoughts, feelings, and relations will help us to
have a full and better understanding about
each topic, their complexity, differences and
the primary/sensuous medium or media of
expression or in other words "Symbolic
Languages" with beauty of design and
coherence of form.
-r" Visual Arts
a Type of arts that can be perceived by
the sense of sight and can be
prolected onto 3-dimenslonal
graphicalforms.
May vary on types depending on
different fields and occasions.
o Water color/acrylic in painting;
ricks and concrete for
architecturel wood, stones
and metalfor sculpture; plants
and trees for landscaping;
textiles and fumishings for
interior designing)
2. Literature
a Etymology: Latin word "litterae"
which means letters.
As an art, the combination of letters
into words then words are used to
form a complete sentence, and
sentences into paragraphs as another
means at artist's expression of
personal ideas, feelings, values, beliefs
etc.
It is also related to a French phrase
"belleslettrest' as a part of classical
humanities which means sbeautiful
writing".
3. Drama and Theater
o As a distinct type of art, refers to an
action played by a number of
characters in a particular type of story
giving emphasis on a plot.
PLOT- a brief sequence of incidents or events
of which a story is composed wherein the
basis is the conflict, struggle or problem
within.
r The distinction between drama,
theatre, and opera vary in terms of the
numbers of characters portraying
certain role endowed with physical,
emotional, and intellectual qualities
given by the writer or the director.
OPERA- a form of theatre wherein a story is
mostly expressed not only by a script but also
through the use of either one or two distinct
types of musical instruments or the
application of the whole ensemble orchestra.
4. Music
o This is the combination of various
sounds at varying pitch in order to
produce certain composition as an
expression of the adist's feelings and
experiences.
e lt can also be considered as an
example of Pure Art pertaining to the
use of only one kind of medium of
expre$sion which is the use of musical
sounds.
c As a Pure Art, a typical type of music
has its own INTENSITY that can affect
people directly since we are very
receptive to the numerous stimulus
that need certain responses.
It is one of the reasons why a "$reat
music specially radiates infectious
ioy".
5. Dance
r lt is considered as the efirst art
cultivated by man ond the origin of all
his aesthetic beautyt'.
r Dancing has a great role for early
people.
It is a part of many rituals- and
ceremonies and even burial practices
as well as during the time of courtship,
planting and season of hanresting
wherein people, liberated with their
feelings are easily shared to others
through distinct body movements.
As the "ori$n of Arts", dance served
as the inspiration in conducting
different kinds of arts like painting,
music and literature.
Purposes of Arts
I. Arts have moral, educational, social,
cultural and reli$ous purposes
2. Arts for art's sake.
Afford man's moments of relaxation.
+. lmagination is sati#ied.
Arts as outlet of our slumbering
passion. We find meaning in the
fictitious representation of arts, the
passions of drama, emotions of
poetry, moo{s of music, fancies of
painting and sordid life of novels.
o. Powerful means to reform or change
man.
h?".i-i^- -g Ai-
A
n. rAli+h
{rrLrr D*e*=r{
rrLryL-i to Pu;-pose
4, Practical Arts. directed to
produce artifacts and utensils
which cope with human needs.
L
Liberal arts- intellectual efforts
are considered; take for the
cases of AB courses like
Philosophy, Psychology, Social
Sciences and Joumalism.
Fine Arts- products of the
human creativity in so far as
they express beauty in
different ways and different
like drawing painting.
 Maior Arts- characterized by
their actual and potential
expressiveness like music,
poetry, sculpture.
Minor Arts- connected with
practical uses and purposes
like interior design, landscape,
porcelain making.
h
D" With Respect to Media and Forms
a, Flastie Arts- perreived by the
sense of sight like painting,
sculpture, architecture
Phonetic Arts- based on
sounds and words like music,
poetry, drama, literature
Kinetic Arts- rhythmic
movemenG like the different
kinds of dances
A Pure Arts- which only take one
medium of expression as in
sound in music and color in
painting
Mixed Arts- which use two or
more media like opera as in
combination of music, poetry
and drama.
Classification of Arts
1. Space Arts- visual arts
r z-dimensional (seen only in one angle)
o Painting &
o Printing
o Photography
o Drawing/Sketching
o 3-dimensional(seeninseveralan$es)
o Sculpture
o Architecture
o Time Arts- auditory arts
o Music
o Dance
o Combination: Musical Theaterl
Opera
Where does beauty lie?
Beauty is out there; it is obiective. lt is
primary quality that resides in the
obiect.
Beauty is not there; it is secondary
quality that resides in the perceiver.
(-tohn Locke)
Beauty is neither primary nor
secondary; it
is tertiary in nature. lt
depends on the appropriate
situational perspective,
Categories of Beautiful
1. The Sublime- enioyment is aroused by
astonishment and awe like looking at
the starry heavens, the majesty of
mountain ranges, the heroic act of
heroes and sainG
The Nice- enjoyment is aroused by
sympathy, love, benevolence,
tenderness and modesty like children,
flowers, flower arangement, artifacts.
3. The Comic- enjoyment is aroused
because it makes us laugh like satire
and irony, the exaggerated, the
repetitious, the ridiculous and the
playful.
Ways of PresentingArt Subiects
. Reaiism
o Object depicted in the way
they normally appear. What
you see is what you get.
r Abstractionism
o in painting and scuipture, it
magnifies one phase of reality
without representational
 intentions having little or no
resemblance to natural
appearance. lt does not show
the subject as a whole but only
his idea or his feeling about it.
Kinds of Abstraction
a. Elongation- it refers to that
which is being lengthened.
b. Shortening- it refers to that
which is being shortened.
c. Distortion- dramatization ot
figure to create emotional
effects.
d. Mangling- showing of subjects
or obiects that are cd,
mutilated or hacked.
e. Cubism- ori$nated in Picasso,
which transposed natural
forms into overlapping
transparent planes.
Surrealism (super-realism, beneath
the real)
o ls the combination of realism
and distortion. lt emphasized
the omnipotence of the dream
and the sub-conscious mind. lt
was founded by poet-painter
Andre Breton in r9z4 in Paris,
France.
a
Dadaism
o ln literature and painting, it
literally means "the killing of
the arts". Ori$nated by
Maricel Duchamp in t9t6 in
Zurich, Switzerland. lt
characterized to be "non-
sensical"
Expressionism
o The emphasis is on "the inner
world" of subjective feeling
rather than on the outer
world.
Fauvism
o In painting, led by Henri
Matisse
ln 19oJ-i9o7 in France, this
school showed distorted form
and employed vivid
spontaneous color effects,
characterized by the use of
extremely bright colors in
order to express joy, pleasure
and comfort.
futurism
o lt attempts to
capture the
movement and the dynamism
of the modem world.
lmpressionism
o lt is a method in painting with
small vibrant dots of color.
This gave rise to the later
method called pointillism.
Symbolism
o lt uses something invisible
such as an idea or a guality to
represent another thing.
is