S.

1mp1l'fy: ✓-252
Step 1: Make a factor tree for 252; break the 252 = 2.2 . 3.3 · 7
number down into only prime numbers.

Step 2: Underline pairs of numbers ./2fi. =-../2.2 .3.3.7

Step 3: For each pair, take ONE of that number 2 · 3ft

and put it outside. In this case, the pair of 2's and
3's moved outside the radical.

Step 4: Simplify the expressions both inside and 6ft

outside the radical by multiplying.

If those directions did not help you, visit the site below for a video tutorial.

http://www.sophia .org/tuto ria 1s/simpl ifying-radicals-with-prime-factorization--3

Simplify:

1. ✓24 2. ✓96 3. /45

4. 10 ✓96 5. 5 ✓180 6. 2-✓36

7. 3 ✓405 8. 7 ✓600 9. ✓175

3
Pythagorean Theorem can be used to determine what type of triangle is given!

If c 2 = a 2 + b 2 then the triangle is RIGHT.

0 Right triangles have one 90 degree angle.

0
.�:
If c 2 > a 2 + b 2 then the triangle is OBTUSE.
0 Obtuse triangles have one angle that is more than 90 degrees.

If c 2 < a 2 + b 2 then the triangle is ACUTE.

0 Acute triangles have all angles less than 90 degrees.

Remember that "c" is the longest side! Notice that we are writing the Pythagorean Theorem
"backwards" so that you don't get mixed up.

Examples: classify the triangle as acute, obtuse, or right.

20,21,29 3, 7, 5
a = 20, b = 21, c = 29 a = 3, b = 5, c = 7

292 202 +21 2 72 32 + 52

841 400 +441 49 9 +25

841 = 841 49>34

Right triangle Obtuse triangle

Classify the triangle as acute, obtuse, or right.

a). { 7.5, 8, 9.5} b). { 10, 2, 11} (no calculator)

c). { 1.5, 2, 2.8} d). { 4, 3, 5} (no calculator)

4
 -li
Rationalize the Denominator: J3 (you are not allowed to have a radical in the denominator)

Step 1: To rationalize the denominator, you need

to multiply both the numerator and denominator ,ff )3
by the radical found in the denominator. 13· )3

Step 2: Multiply both the numerator and the ./21

denominator. Remember that you can multiply
numbers outside the radical with numbers outside J9
the radical and numbers inside the radical with
numbers inside the radical.

Step 3: Simplify the radicals. Here, the -/21

denominator just simplifies to 3 because the --
square root of 9 is 3.
3

Step 4: Reduce the fraction, if you can. In this case, ./21

the we cannot reduce, so the answer is: --
3

If those directions did not help you, visit this site for a video tutorial:

http://www.sophia o rg/tuto rials/rationalizing-the-denominator--3

.
Rationalize each denominator. When possible, simplify by reducing the resulting fraction.

I
1.
1
2. ✓23 3
.
4. ✓62
.Ji ✓7

42 I 2
8.
15
6. ✓7 .
. 7 ✓81
5 ✓5 Ju

6
Adding and subtracting radicals is very similar to adding and subtracting variables.
o We can only add or subtract like terms.
o With radicals, like terms have the same number under the radical.
• We never change the number under the radical.
• We add or subtract the coefficients.
Here are some examples:

3 ✓2 + 5 ✓2 = 7 ✓2 - Notice we did not change the radicals!

3 3 3
7 ✓ - ✓ = 6✓ - Notice we did not change the radicals!

✓18 +2✓2
3 ✓2 + 2 ✓2 - First we had to simplify ✓18 into 3 ✓2 , and then we added the like terms!
=5 ✓2

6 ✓12. -5 ✓27
6(2.fi)- 5(3.fi)
3 3 - We had to simplify BOTH radicals first and then we subtracted the like terms!
12 ✓ -15 ✓
3
=-3 ✓

If those directions did not help you, visit this site for a video tutorial:

http://www.soph ia. org/tutoria Is/u9c4-adding-subtracting-radicaIs

Examples: Simplify each radical first, and then add or subtract the like terms.
5 5
1). {2 + 7../2 2). S-/3 - 2-/3 3 ✓ + ✓405 + ✓
).5

3 3
4). ✓243 - ✓75 - ✓300 5). 5 ✓ + ✓27 + ✓ 46). ✓40 - ✓ 360 - ✓90

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To solve a radical equation, you must use inverses. Inverses are operations that undo each other. The
inverse of square rooting is squaring.

There is only allowed to be one radical on each side of the equation, and it must be ALONE.

To eliminate a radical, you must square BOTH sides.

Here are some examples:

✓x 8 = 0
- add 8 to both sides first
✓x = 8 square both sides (notice that by squaring, the radical is cancelled)
(✓ xt = (8) 2

X = 64

✓x = ✓3x -9 square both sides (notice that by squaring BOTH radica Is are cancelled)
x = 3x - 9 now you can just solve
-2x = -9
X = 9/2

If those directions did not help you, visit this site for more detailed ones:

http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/radical-equations-solving.html

Examples:

1). ✓x = 6 2). ✓2x - 8 = 3 3). ✓3x - 1 - 4 =9

4). ✓2x + 3 = ✓Sx - 3 5). ✓x = ✓-x + 10

9
Sometimes you need to use more than one rule to simplify an expression. Here are some examples:

3x3 Ix2
2x3 •-2x4 =-4x7
6x 2

(2x3 )3 2 3 x9 = 8x8 = 4x2 x3 3 x3 y3 --=--

•--=-•-- 3x3 y 3 by 3
3x =
-2

6x2 6x2 6x2 3 9y-3 x2 9 9x2 3

Simplest Form:

• SIMPLEST FORM means:

1. All coefficients are simplified/reduced.
2. Each variable appears only once.
3. There are no negative exponents.

For some additional practice using the rules of exponents, go to:

http://www. kutasoftware .com/F reeWorks heets/Alg 1 Worksheets/P roperties%20of%20Exponents. pdf

and

http://www.kutasoftware.com/FreeWorksheets/Algl Worksheets/More%20Properties%20of%20Expone
nts.pdf

This site provides many examples and answer keys for you to check your work! Once you have honed
your skills, try these:

-2x
1). Simplify: 2). Simplify: 3x 3 • 8x -4
8x 2

(2x-2 ) 3 X
-3
3). Simplify: ) Simplify: 3x-2 •-­
4.
IOy -3y8

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