1

Worksheet on Set

1. Which of the following are sets? Justify your answer.

(a) The collection of all the days in a week beginning with the letter ‘T’.

(b) The collection of all difficult questions in the chapter on sets.

(c) The collection of girls in your class.

(d) The collection of all rivers in India.

(e) The collection of all active teachers in the school.

(f) The collection of all integers more than -3.

(g) The collection of all beautiful flowers in the park.

2. If,

A = {3, 5, 7, 9}

B = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

C = {12, 14, 18, 20, 24}

D = {21, 26, 31, 36}

(a) State whether true or false.

(i) 13 ∈ C

(ii) 6 ∉ A

(iii) 9 ∉ A

(iv) 24 ∈ C

(v) 31 ∈ D

(vi) 36 ∉ D

(vii) 20 ∉ C

(viii) 9 ∈ A

(b) Fill in the blanks.

(i) 3 ∈ ___

(ii) 4 ___ B

(iii) 26 ___ C

(iv) 8 ∈ ___

(v) 5 ___ A

(vi) 6 ___ C
 2

(vii) 21 ___ D

(viii) 18 ___ B

3. Write the following sets in the roster form.

(a) A = The set of all even numbers less than 12

(b) B = The set of all prime numbers greater than 1 but less than 29

(c) C = The set of integers lying between -2 and 2

(d) D = The set of letters in the word LOYAL

(e) E = The set of vowels in the word CHOICE

(f) F = The set of all factors of 36

(g) G = {x : x ∈ N, 5 < x < 12}

(h) H = {x : x is a multiple of 3 and x < 21}

(i) I = {x : x is perfect cube 27 < x < 216}

(j) J = {x : x = 5n - 3,n ∈ W, and n < 3}

(k) M = {x : x is a positive integer and x2 < 40}

(l) N = {x : x is a positive integer and is a divisor of 18}

(m) P = {x : x is an integer and x + 1 = 1}

(n) Q = {x : x is a color in the rainbow}

4. Write each of the following in set builder form.

(a) A = {5, 10, 15, 20}

(b) B = {l, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18}

(c) C = {P, R, I, N, C, A, L}

(d) D = {0}

(e) E = { }

(f) F = {0, 1, 2, 3, ......, 19}

(g) G = {—8, —6, —4, —2}

(h) H = {Jan, June, July}

(i) I = {a, e, i, 0, u}

(j) J = {a, b, c, d, …..., z}

(k) K = {1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6}

(l) L = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
 3

5. Write the cardinal number for each of the following.

(a) X = The set of months in a year

(b) Y = The set of letters in the word INTELLIGENT

(c) Z = The set of prime numbers from 2 to 11

(d) P = {x : x is an even prime number}

(e) Q = {x : x is a quadrilateral having 5 sides}

(f) R = {x : x ∈ I, -5 < x < 2}

(g) S = {x | x ∈ W, x + 2 < 9}

(h) T = {x | x is a prime number which is a divisor of 60}

(i) V = {x : x is a 2-digit number such that the sum of digits is 6}

(j) W = The set of hours in a day

6. Classify the following as finite and infinite sets.

(a) A = {x : x ∈ N and x is even}

(b) B = {x : x ∈ N and x is composite}

(c) C = {x : x ∈ N and 3x -2 = 0}

(d) D = {x : x ∈ N and x2 = 9}

(e) E = {The set of numbers which are multiples of 3}

(f) G = {The set of letters in the English alphabet}

(g) H = {The set of persons living in a house}

(h) I = {x | x ∈ I, x < -2}

(i) J = {x | x ∈ P, p is a prime number}

(I) K = The set of fractions with numerator 3.

7. Identify the following as null set or singleton set.

(a) A = {x | x ∈ N, 1 < x < 2}

(b) P = {Point of intersection of two lines}

(c) C = {x : x is an even prime number greater than 2}

(d) Q = {x | x is an even prime number}

(e) E = {x : x2 = 9, x is even}

(f) R = {The set of whole numbers lying between 0 and 2}

(g) B = {0}
 4

(h) D = {The set of largest 1 digit number}

(i) F = {The set of triangles having 4 sides}

(j) H = {The set of even numbers not divisible by 2}

8. From the sets given below, select the equal sets.

A = {3, 5, 9, 13}

B = {2, 3, 4, 5}

C = {5, 9, 13, 15}

D = {4, 2, 5, 3}

E = {-2, 2}

F = {o, b}

G = {2, -2}

H = {1, 2}

9. Are two sets A and B equal? Give reasons to support your answer.

(a) A = {x : x is a letter in the word SEAT}

B = {x : x is a letter in the word TASTE}

(b) A = {2, 6, 10, 14}

B = {6, 2, 14, 16}

(c) A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

B = {x : x is a positive odd integer x ≤ 9}

(d) A = {0}

B = {x : x > 15 and x < 5}

10. Which of the following pairs of sets are equivalent or equal?

(a) A = {x : x ∈ N, x ≤ 6}

B = {x : x ∈ W, 1 ≤ x ≤ 6}

(b) P = {The set of letters in the word ‘plane’}

Q = {The set of letters in the word ‘plain’}

(c) X = {The set of colors in the rainbow)

Y = {The set of days in a week}

(d) M = {4, 8, 12, 16}

 5

N = {8, 12, 4, 16}

(e) A = {x | x ∈ N, x ≤ 5}

B = {x | x ∈ I, 5 < x ≤ 10}

11. Find which of the following sets are disjoint or overlapping.

(a) A = {The set of boys in the school}

B = {The set of girls in the school}

(b) P = {The set of letters in the English alphabet}

Q = {The set of vowels in the English alphabet}

(c) X = {x : x is an odd number, x < 9}

Y = {x : x is an even number, x < 10}

(d) M = {x : x is a factor of 24}

N = {x : x is a multiple of 3, less than 30}

(e) E = {9, 99, 999}

F = {1, 10, 100}

(f) G = {The set of letters in the word TAME}

H = {The set of letters in the word MATE}

12. State whether the following are true or false.

(a) The set of letters in the word MASTER is finite.

(b) The set of vowels in the word PLANET is an empty set.

(c) {0} represents a null set.

(d) Equivalent sets are always equal.

(e) An empty set is a finite set.

(f) 10 ∉ set of multiples of 5.

(g) 4 ∈ {x : 4 ≤ x ≤ 10}

(h) If two sets are equal, they are also equivalent.

(i) If P = {x : x = 2n, n ∈ N}

Q = {x : x 2n + 1, n ∈ N}

then P and Q are disjoint sets

 6

Worksheet on Elements Form a Set

State, whether the following elements form a set or not; if not given reason:

1. All easy problems in your text book.

2. Capitals of all countries in Asia

3. All three sided figures.

4. First five counting numbers.

5. All the tall boys of your class.

6. Last three days of the week.

7. Five red flowers

8. All triangles that is difficult to draw.

9. First three letters of the English alphabet.

10. Numbers divisible by 5

11. All tasty fruits.

12. All clever boys of class VI

13. Tall buildings in Mumbai

14. All good schools in Florida.

15. No, it is not mentioned which four planets are included and which are excluded.

16. All the girls in your class, whose heights are less than the height of Maria.

17. All the boys in your class, whose heights are more than the height of Maria.

18. All the problems in your Mathematics book, which are difficult to Ron.

19. All the planets in the solar system

 7

Worksheet to Find the Elements of Sets

Write down the elements of:

(i) set A; if set A contains the squares of the first five whole numbers.

(ii) set B; if set B contains the cubes of first three even natural numbers.

(iii) set C; if set C contains the natural numbers upto 10.

(iv) set D; if set D contains whole numbers between 20 and 40; all divisible by 4.

(v) set E; if set E contains the even natural numbers between 13 and 23.

(vi) set F; if set F contains natural numbers between 15 and 40; each divisible by 3 or by 4.

(vii) set G; if set G contains the multiple of 4 between 5 and 30.

(viii) set H; if set H contains natural numbers between 15 and 40; each divisible by 3 and 4.

(ix) set I; if set I contains all the factors of 24.

(x) set J; if set J contains months having 30 days.

(xi) set K; if set K contains last five months of the year.

 8

Worksheet on Properties of a Set

1. State which of the following are true:

(i) 2 ∈ N (ii) 0 ∈ N (iii) -2 ∉ I (iv) 0 ∈ I (v) -5 ∉ W (vi) 7 ∈ W

2. Let A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}. Insert A or ∈ or ∉.

(i) 1 ______ A

(ii) 6 ______ A

(iii) 9 ______ A

(iv) 2 ∉ ______

(v) 3 ∈ ______

3. State which of the following are false:

(i) a ∈ {a, e, i, o, u}

(ii) v ∈ {a, e, i, o, u}

(iii) 2 ∉ {x | x is an even number}

(iv) {p} ∈ {p, q, r}

(v) {p, q} ∉ {p, q, r}

4. If set A = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.

State, whether the following statements are true or false:

(i) 2 ∈ A (ii) 5, 6 ∈ A (iii) 3, 4, 7 ∈ A (iv) 2, 8 ∈ A

5. If set B = {4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}.

(i) 5 ∈ B

(ii) 12 ∈ B

(iii) 14 ∈ B

(iv) 9 ∈ B

(v) B is a set of even numbers between 2 and 16.

(vi) 4, 6 and 10 are members of the set B.

6. Two sets P and Q are given as follows:

P = {3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13} and Q = {8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18}

State, given reasons, which of the following are true:

(i) 13 ∈ P, 9 ∈ P but 13 + 9 ∉ P. (ii) 5 ∈ P, 7 ∈ P and 5 + 7 ∈ Q.

(iii) 3 ∈ P, 13 ∈ P but 13 - 3 ∉ Q. (iv) 7 ∉ Q, 9 ∉ Q but 7 + 9 ∈ Q.

 9

Worksheet on Sets in Roster Form

1. Write each of the following sets in the Roster form:

(i) The set of first seven natural numbers.

(ii) The set of whole numbers less than 5.

(iii) The set of five numbers each of which is divisible by 3.

(iv) The set of whole numbers less than 20 and divisible by 3.

(v) The set of integers greater than -2 and less than 4.

(vi) The set of integers between -4 and 4.

(vii) The set of letters in the word ‘mathematics’.

(viii) The set of consonants in the word ‘possession’.

(ix) The set of first three letters in the word ‘booklet’.

(x) {x : x is a letter in the word ‘SCHOOL’}.

(xi) {x : x is an odd natural number between 10 and 20}.

(xii) {x | x = 1 – p, p ∈ M}.

(xiii) {x | x = p22, p ∈ W}.

(xiv) {Vowels used in the word ‘AMERICA’}

(xv) {Consonants used in the word ‘MADRAS’}.

(xvi) Set of prime factors of 36.

2. Express each given set in the Roster Form:

(i) All prime numbers between one and twenty. (ii) The squares of first four natural numbers.

(iii) Even numbers between 1 and 9. (iv) First eight letters of the English alphabets.

(v) The letters of the word ‘BASKET’. (vi) Names of months in a year.

(vii) Four cities of America whose names start with the letter J.

(viii) Any four closed geometrical figures names. (ix) Vowels used in the word ‘MONDAY’

(x) Single digit numbers which are perfect squares also.

3. Write in Roster Form the set of:

(i) The first four odd natural numbers each divisible by 3.

(ii) The first four odd natural numbers each divisible by 5.

(iii) The counting numbers between 15 and 35, each of which is divisible by 6.

(iv) The names of the last three days of a week. (v) The names of the last four months of a year.
 10

Worksheet on Sets in Set-builder Form

1. Write each given set in the Set-Builder Form:

(i) {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

(ii) {2, 3, 5, 7, 11}

(iii) {January, June, July}

(iv) {a, e, i, o, u}

(v) {Tuesday, Thursday}

(vi) {1, 4, 9, 16, 25}

(vii) {5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30}

2. Write the following sets in Set-Builder Form or Rule form:

(i) A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

(ii) B = {16, 25, 36, 49, 64}

(iii) C = {a, e, i, o, u}

(iv) D = {violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red}

(v) E = {January, March, May, July, August, October, December}

 11

Worksheet on Finite and Infinite Sets

1. State, whether the given set is infinite or finite:

(i) {3, 5, 7, ….}

(ii) {1, 2, 3, 4}

(iii) {….., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2}

(iv) {20, 30, 40, 50, ………., 200}

(v) {7, 14, 21, …………, 2401}

(vi) {0}

(vii) (∅)

(viii) {x | x is an even natural number less than 10, 000}

(ix) {All people in the world}

(x) {x | x is a prime number}

(xi) {x | x ∈ N and x > 10}

(xii) {….., -2, -1, 0}

2. State, whether the following set is infinite or finite:

(i) Set of integers (ii){Multiples of 5}

(iii) {Fractions between 1 and 2} (iv) {Numbers of people in India}

(v) Set of trees in the world

(vi) Set of prime numbers

(vii) Set of leaves on a tree

(viii) Set of children in all the schools of Delhi}

(ix) Set of seven natural numbers

(x) { ……, -4, -, 2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8}

(xi) {-12, -9, -6, -3, 0, 3, 6, …… }

(xii) {Number of points in a line segment 4 cm long}.

3. State, whether the following are finite sets, or infinite sets:

(i){2, 4, 6, 8, …….., 800} (ii) {-5, -4, -3, -2, …..} (iii) {…., -5, -4, -3, -2,}

(iv) {Number of C.B.S.E. school in Delhi} (v){x : x is an integer between -60 and 60}

(vi) {No. of electrical appliances working in your house}

(vii) {x : x is a whole number greater than 20} (viii) {x : x is a whole number less than 20}
 12

Worksheet on Equal Sets and Equivalent Sets

1. State, whether each pair of sets, given below, has equal sets or equivalent sets:

(i) {3, 5, 7} and {5, 3, 7}

(ii) {8, 6, 10, 12} and {3, 2, 4, 6}

(iii) {7, 7, 2, 1, 2} and {1, 2, 7}

(iv) {1 4, 9, 16, 25} and {12, 22, 32, 42, 52}

(v) {x : x is an odd natural number less than 8} and {x : x is a letter in the word ‘girl’}

(vi) {2, 4, 6, 8, 1} and {a, b, d, e, m}

(vii) {5, 5, 2, 4} and {5, 4, 2, 2}

(viii) {x : x is a letter in the word STRAND} and {x : x is a letter in the word STANDARD}

(ix) {x : x is a month having 33 days} and {x : x is a year having 360 days }

(x) {x : x = p + 2, p ∈ N and p < 5} and {13, 14, 15, 16}

2. State, if the given pairs of sets are equal sets or equivalent sets:

(i) {Natural numbers less than five} and {Letters of the word ‘BOAT’}

(ii) {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} and {even natural numbers less than 12}

(iii) {a, b, c, d} and {∆, ○, □, ∇}

(iv) {Days of the week} and {Letters of the word ‘HONESTY}

(v){1, 3, 5, 7, …… } and set of odd natural numbers.

(vi) {Letters of the word ‘MEMBER’} and {Letters of the word ‘REMEMBER’}

(vii) {Negative natural numbers} and {50th day of a month}

(viii) {Even natural numbers} and {Odd natural numbers}

 13

Worksheet on Empty Sets

1. Which of the following sets are empty?

(i) Set of counting numbers between 5 and 6.

(ii) Set of odd numbers between 7 and 19.

(iii) Set of odd numbers between 7 and 9.

(iv) Set of even numbers which are not divisible by 2.

(v) {0}

(vi) { }

(vii) {Prime numbers between 7 and 11}

(viii) {x | x ∈ N and 3< x < 4}

2. State, whether or not the following sets are empty:

(i) {1, 4, 7, 10, ………, 31}

(ii) {Month having more than 31 days}

(iii) {x | x22 = 0}

(iv) {x | x ∈ N and x < 1}

(v) {Prime numbers divisible by 2}

(vi) {Negative natural numbers}

(vii) {Women who are 5 meter tall}

(viii) {Men with four legs}

(ix) {Integers less than 5}

(x) {A week having 10 days}

(xi) {People who are 500 years old}

(xii) {Prime numbers between 17 and 23}

(xiii) {Set of even numbers, not divisible by 2}

(xiv) {Set of multiples of 3, which are more than 9 and less than 15}
 14

Worksheet on Subsets

1. Which of the following are correct statements?

A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

(a) {2, 3} ⊂ A

(b) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7} ⊃ A

(c) 8 ⊂ A

(d) {3, 5, 1, 7} ⊃ A

(e) {1} ⊂ A

(f) {1, 2, 3, 4} ⊂ A

(g) { } ⊃ A

(h) ϕ ⊂ A

2. How many elements are there in power set if

(a) A = {ϕ}

(b) B = {a, b}

(c) C = {l, m, n}

(d) D = {4, 9}

3. Find the number of proper subsets of the following.

(a) P = {x : x ∈ N, x < 5}

(b) Q = {x : x is an even prime number}

(c) R = {x : x ∈ W, x < 2}

(d) T = { }

(e) X = {0}

(f) Y = {x : x is prime, 2 < x < 10}

4. Write down all the subsets of

(a) {8}

(b) {p, q}

(c) {1, 3, 5}

(d) ϕ

5. What universal sets would you propose for the following?

(a) The set of all squares (b) The set of all even numbers
 15

(c) The set of all isosceles triangles (d) The set of all negative integers

(e) The set of all prime numbers (f) The set of all obtuse angled triangles

6. Fill in the blank spaces using the symbols ⊂ or ⊄.

(a) {1, 2, 3} _____ {1, 3, 5}

(b) ϕ ____ {4, 7, 9}

(c) {x : x is rectangle in a plane} _____ {x : x is a quadrilateral in a plane}

(d) {x : x is an odd natural number} {x : x is an integer}

(e) {x : x is a prime number} {x : x is a composite number}

(f) {5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30}____{10, 20, 30, 40}

7. Given set A = {a, b, c) B = {p, q, r} C = {x, y, z, m, n, t} which of following are

considered as universal set for all the three sets.

(a) P = {a, b, c, p, q, x, y, m, t}

(b) Q = {ϕ}

(c) R = {a, c, q, r, b, p, t, z, m, n, x, y}

(d) S = {b, c, q, r, n, t, p, q, x, m, y, z, f, g}

8. Let A be the set of letters of the word FOLLOW. Find

(a) A

(b) n(A)

(c) Number of subsets of A

(d) Number of proper subsets of A

(e) Power set of A

9. Find the power set of the following sets.

(a) A = {a, b, c}

(b) B = {0, 7}

(c) C = {0, 5, 10}

(d) D = {x}

10. A = {x, y, z} B = {y, p, x, q, z}

Is B ⊂ A or A ⊂ E? Give reasons
 16

Worksheet on Union and Intersection of Sets

1. State whether the following are true or false:

(i) If A = {5, 6, 7} and B = {6, 8, 10, 12}; then A ∪ B = {5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12}.

(ii) If P = {a, b, c} and Q = {b, c, d}; then p intersection Q = {b, c}.

(iii) Union of two sets is the set of elements which are common to both the sets.

(iv) Two disjoint sets have atleast one element in common.

(v) Two overlap sets have all the elements common.

(v) If two given sets have no elements common to both the sets, the sets are said to me disjoint.

(vii) If A and B are two disjoint sets then A ∩ B = { }, the empty set.

(viii) If M and N are two overlapping sets then intersection of two sets M and N is not the empty set.

2. Let A, B and C be three sets such that:

Set A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12}, set B = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15} and set C = {1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16}.

Find:

(i) A ∪ B (ii) A ∩ B (iii) B ∩ A (iv) B ∪ A (v) B ∪ C (vi) Is A ∪ B = B ∪ A?

(vii) Is B ∩ C = B ∪ C?

3. If A = {1, 3, 7, 9, 10}, B = {2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10}, C = {0, 1, 3, 10}, D = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, E =

{negative natural numbers} and F = {0}

Find:

(i) A ∪ B (ii) E ∪ D (iii) C ∪ F (iv) C ∪ D (v) B ∪ F (vi) A ∩ B

(vii) C ∩ D (viii) E ∩ D (ix) C ∩ F (x) B ∩ F (xi) (A ∪ B) ∪ (A ∩ B)

(xii) (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∩ B)

4. If A = {2, 3, 4, 5}, B ={c, d, e, f} and C = {4, 5, 6, 7};

Find:

(i) A ∪ B (ii) A ∪ C (iii) (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∪ C) (iv) A ∪ (B ∩ C) (v) Is (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∪ C) = A ∪ (B ∩ C)?

5. If A = {a, b, c, d}, B = {c, d, e, f} and C = {b, d, f, g};

Find:

(i) A ∩ B (ii) A ∩ C (iii) (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C) (iv) A ∩ (B ∪ C)

(v) Is (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C) = A ∩ (B ∪ C)?
 17

Worksheet on Disjoint Sets and Overlapping Sets

1. Find whether the sets P and Q are overlapping sets or disjoint sets:

(i) P = {10, 20, 30, 40};

Q = {15, 25, 35, 45};

(ii) P = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};

Q = {1, 3, 5, 7, 8};

(iii) P = {S, U, N};

Q = {S, T, A, R};

(iv) P = {x : x is letter in the ‘FLOWER’};

Q = {x : x is letter in the ‘FLOOR’};

(v) P = {x : x is a factor of 24};

Q = {x : x is a factor of 33};

(vi) P = {x : x is a multiple of 7 between 1 and 50};

Q = {x : x is a multiple of 11 between 1 and 50};

2. State, giving reasons, which of the following pairs of sets are disjoint sets or overlapping sets:

(i) A = {Girls with ages below 15 years} and

B = {Girls with ages above 15 years}

(ii) A = {Boys with ages above 20 years} and B = {Boys with ages above 27 years}

(iii) A = {Naturals between 35 and 60} and B = {Naturals between 50 and 80}

(iv) A = {Students of class X studying in California} and B = {Students of class X}

(v) A = {Naturals numbers multiples of 3 and less than 30} and

B = {Natural numbers divisible by 4 and between 20 and 45}

(vi) A = {Letters in the word ‘MOON’} and B = {Letters in the word ‘STAR’}
 18

Worksheet on Difference of Two Sets

1. If set A = {3, 4, 5, 6} and set B = {2, 4, 6, 8};

Find:

(i) A -B

(ii) B - A

2. Given set A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12}, set B = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18} and set C = {0, 6, 12, 18};

Find:

(i) A - B

(ii) B - C

(iii) C - A

(iv) A - C

3. Given: P = {a, c, d , m}, Q = {c, e, m, x} and R = {a, e, i, o};

Find:

(i) P - R

(ii) Q - P

(iii) R - Q

4. If A = {Counting numbers between 30 and 40},

B = {Counting numbers between 20 and 50 which are divisible by 4}.

Find:

(i) A - B

(ii) B - A

5. If P = {letters in the word ‘BANARAS’}

Q = {Letters in the word ‘BHARAT’}

and R = {letters in the word ‘BHATINDA’};

Find:

(i) P – Q (ii) R – Q (iii) P - R

6. If M = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12} and N = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10}.

Find:

(i) M – N (ii) N – M (iii) (M - N) ∪ (N - M)

 19

Worksheet on Operation on Sets

1. Find the union of each of the following pairs of sets.

(a) A = {2, 4, 6}

B = {1, 2, 3}

(b) P = {a, e, i, o, u}

Q = {a, b, c, d}

(c) X = {x : n ∈ N, x = 2n, n < 4}

Y = {x : x is an even number less than 10}

(d) M = {x : x is natural number and multiple of 3}

N = {x : x is a prime number less than 19}

(e) D = {x : x is an integer -3 < x < 3}

E = {x : x is a factor of 8}

(f) G = {x : x ∈ N, x < 7}

H = {x : x ∈ Z, -2 ≤ x ≤ 3}

2. Find the intersection of each of the following pairs of sets.

(a) A = {1, 4, 9, 16}

B = {3, 6, 9, 12}

(b) C = {p, q, r, s}

D = {a, b}

(c) P = {x : n ∈ N, x = 3n n< 3}

Q = {x : x ∈ N x < 7}

(d) X = {x : x is a letter of the word ‘LOYAL’}

Y = {x : x is a letter in the word ‘FLOW’}

(e) G = {x : x = n2, when n ∈ N}

H = {x : x = 4n, when n ∈ W n < 5}

3. If P = {1, 2, 3} Q = {2, 3, 4} R = {3, 4, 5} S = {4, 5, 6}, find

(a) P ∪ Q

(b) P ∪ R

(c) Q ∪ R
 20

(d) Q ∪ S

(e) P ∪ Q ∪ R

(f) P ∪ Q ∪ S

(g) Q ∪ R ∪ S

(h) P ∩ Q

(i) P ∩ R

(j) Q ∩ R

(k) Q ∩ S

(l) P ∩ Q ∩ R

(m) P ∩ Q ∩ S

(n) Q ∩ R ∩ S

4. If A = {a, b, c, d} B = {b, c, d, e} C = {c, d, e, f} D = {d, e, f, g}, find

(a) A - B

(b) B - C

(c) C - D

(d) D - A

(e) B - A

(f) C - B

(g) D - C

(h) A - D

5. Let U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

A = {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

B = {1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9}

Find:

(a) A'

(b) B'

(c) A' ∪ B'

(d) A' ∩ B'

(e) (A ∪ B)'
 21

Also show (A ∪ B)' = A' ∩ B'.

6. Find the complement of the following sets if universal set is the set of natural numbers.

(a) {x : x is a prime number}

(b) {x : x is a multiple of 2}

(c) {x : x is a perfect cube}

(d) {x : x ≥ 10}

(e) {x : x Є N, 5x + 1 > 20}

(f) {x : x is an odd natural number}

Worksheet on Operation on Sets

7. If U = {a, b, c, d, e, f} find the complement of the following.

(a) A = { }

(b) B = {c, d, f}

(c) D = {a, b, c, d, e, f}

(d) C = {a, b, d}

(e) E = {b, c}

(f) F = {a, c, f}

8. If U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and A = {2, 3, 6}, find

(a) A ∪ A'

(b) ∅ ∩ A

(c) A ∩ A'

(d) U' ∩ A

9. Let P = {1, 3, 5, 7} Q = {3, 7, 9, 11} R = {1, 5, 8, 11}, then verify the following.

(a) P ∪ Q = Q ∪ P (b) (P ∪ Q) ∪ R = P ∪ (Q ∪ R)

(c) P ∩ Q = Q ∩ P (d) (P ∩ Q) ∩ R = P ∩ (Q ∩ R)

(e) P ∪ (Q ∩ R) = (P ∪ Q) ∩ (P ∪ R) (f) P ∩ (Q ∪ R) = (P ∩ Q) ∪ (P ∩ R)

10. Let U = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g}, A = {a, c ,f , g}, B = {f, g, b, d}

Verify:

(a) (A ∪ B)' = (A' ∩ B') (b) (A ∩ B)' = (A' ∪ B')

 22

Worksheet on Cardinal Number of a Set

1. Write the cardinal number of each of the following sets:

(i) A = {0, 1, 2, 4}

(ii) B = {-3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7}

(iii) C = { }

(iv) D = {3, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2}

(v) E = {Natural numbers between 15 and 20}

(vi) F = {whole numbers from 8 to 14}

. Given: A = {Natural numbers less than 10}

B = {Letters of the word ‘PUPPET’}

C = {Squares of first four whole numbers}

D = {Odd numbers divisible by 2}

Find:

(i) n(A) (ii) n(B) (iii) n(C) (iv) n(D) (v) A ∪ B and n(A ∪ B)

(vi) A ∩ C and n(A ∩ C) (vii) n(B ∪ D)

(viii) n(C ∩ D) (ix) n(B ∪ C) (x) n(A ∪ D)

3. Given: M = Set of letters in the word ‘ALLAHABAD’ and N = Empty set.

Find:

(i) n(M)

(ii) n(N) (iii) n(M ∪ N)

(iv) n(M ∩ N) (v) Is n(M) = n(M ∩ N)?

(vi) Is n(N) = n(M ∪ N)? (vii) Is n(M) = n(M ∪ N)?

4. If A = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20}, B = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20} and C = {a, b, c, d, e}.

State, true or false:

(i) n(A) = n(C) (ii) n(A) = n(B) (iii) n(B) - n(C) = n(A) (iv) n(B) = 2 ∙ n(C)
 23

Worksheet on Venn Diagrams

1. Draw Venn diagrams to represent

(a) Union of sets

(b) Intersection of sets

Write steps of construction also.

2. What set is represented by the shaded portion in the following Venn diagrams?

3. Read the Venn diagrams and answer the following.

(i) A (ii) B (iii) A (iv) B' (v) A ∪ B (vi) A ∩ B (vii) (A ∪ B)'

(viii) (A ∩ B)' (ix) A – B (x) B – A (xi) ξ

4. In the adjoining Venn diagrams, find

(a) A U B

(b) A ∩ B

5. Draw the Venn diagrams to show the following relations.

(a) P ⊆ Q (b) P ⊆ Q ⊆ ξ
 24

(c) P ∩ Q = P (d) P ∪ Q = Q

(e) P ∩ Q = ∅ (f) (P ∩ Q)' = ξ

6. If ξ = {x : x ∈ N, x < 20}

A = {x : x is an odd number, less than 20}

B = {x : x is a prime number, less than 20}

Draw a Venn diagram to show the relation between these sets. Use the Venn diagram to find

(a) A – B (b) B' (c) A ∪ B (d) A ∩ B (e) ξ ∩ A (f) ξ ∩ B

7. From the adjoining Venn diagram, find

(a) A ∪ B (b) B' ∪ A (c) A – B (d) B ∪ A' (e) A' (f) (A ∪ B)'

Is (A ∩ B)' = A' ∪ B'?

8. Draw Venn diagrams to show the relationship between the following pairs of sets.

(a) A = {The set of fruits in the basket}

B = {The set of vegetables in the basket}

(b) P = {x : x ∈ N, x < 9}

Q = {x : x ∈ I, -5 < x < 3}

(c) X = {Negative integers}

Y = {Positive integers}

(d) M = {All boys in the school}

N = {All boys in the class}

(e) C = {Prime factors of 12}

D = {All factors of 12}