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Step 1. Input flows, conditions and properties data for shellside and tubeside Step 3. Start configuring the exch
co
Tube Side Shell Pl do not
Distillate Fluid Name Cooling Water disturb this
array no
0.05975 Flow (M), Kg/s 0.23409
T1 56.9 Temp. in, °C 8 t1
T2 28 Temp. out, °C 12 t2
Av. Density 816 ρ, Kg/m3 999.8
Av. Viscosity 0.366 μ, mNs/m2 1.294
Av. Heat Capacity 2.285 cp, kJ/kg°C 4.21
Heat Exchanged 3.9 Q, kW 3.9
Av. Thermal Conductivity 0.163 k, W/m°C 0.5843
Fouling Resistance 0.00035 R,m² °C/W 0.00025 Step 6. Shell side heat transfer
Thermal Con SS-Metal 15.75 k, W/m°C 15.75 coefficient
LMTD 30.8 °C
Corrected LMTD 30.8 °C
0.35
Db = do*((N/k1)^(1/n1))
Step. 4 Bundle and Shell K1 0.319
diameter N1 2.142
Step. 5 Tube side heat Bundle diameter = 0.0711 m
transfer coefficient Shell diameter = 0.0743 m
Tubeside Reynolds No., N Re = 1931
Prandtl No. = 5.13
Length / ID = 241 shell side HT Coefficient usin
jh 0.0030 Colburn Method-(Book -Kern p1
Nusselt number = 9.94 Range of application is for Reyn
hi = 196 W/m² °C gives results with deviation +20
hio =hi*(di/do) 129.6 W/m² °C Based on a correlation of industrial da
Calculate the tube side heat transfer coefficient (Sidlet Tate Eqn.) when the bundle employs baffle
Hf = 0.023(Kj/D) x (DG/μj)0.8 x (Cj μj/Kj)0.333 x (μj/μw)0.14 219.8 W/m² °C Hs = 0.36 (k/De) x Re0.55 x Pr 0.33
Alternative Coreelation of Colburn equation : Coefficients " J " calculation ( For Shell Side)
Nre = Gs*De/μ Nu = j *Nre*Pr^0.33 *(μ/μw)^0.14 Nu =hs*De/k
Nre Nre<100 100<Nre<3000
582 j = a*Nre^b lnj=a+b*lnNre+c*(lnNre)^2
Jh = 0.02669 a b a b
1 Array -Selected 1.81 -0.72 1.7 -1.25
1 Triangle (30°) Pt/D 1.81 -0.72 1.7 -1.25
2 Square Pt/D=1.25 0.97 -0.62 3.29 -1.9
3 Rotated Square Pt 1.81 -0.72 0.32 -0.76
4 Triangle (30°) Pt/D 1.34 -0.68 0.37 -0.56
5 Square Pt/D=1.5 0.88 -0.64 1.61 -1.34
jH = 0.01849 0.02669
The Value of Factor jH in Kern Method can be calculated from following Formula
For 25% Seg. Baffle
jH = 0.5*(1+B/DS)*(0.08*Nre^0.6821 + 0.7*NRE^0.1772) Use Nre = G*De/μ in above Fprmul
Based on a correlation of industrial data for hydrocarbons, organic compounds, water and aqueous solutions Carbon Steel
when the bundle employs baffles having acceptable clearances between baffles/tubes andCopper
b
Hs = 0.36 (k/De) x Re0.55 x Pr 0.33 x (μ /μw)0.14 (Applicable for Δ Pitch only) Inconel
1642.3 Monel
Nickel
Stainless Steel
J " calculation ( For Shell Side)
00<Nre<3000 Nre>3000
*lnNre+c*(lnNre)^2 j=a*Nre^b
c a b
0.065 0.275 -0.38
0.065 0.275 -0.38
0.121 0.275 -0.38
0.025 0.275 -0.38
0.0087 0.275 -0.38
0.082 0.275 -0.38
0.02669 0.02447
m following Formula
Step 1. Input flows, conditions and properties data for shellside and tubeside Step 3. Start configuring the exchange
coefficie
Tube Side Shell
Distillate Fluid Name Cooling Water
0.06525 Flow (M), Kg/s 0.42703
T1 90.6 Temp. in, °C 8 t1 SELECT 1
PT,1-Pass
T2 28 Temp. out, °C 12 t2
Av. Density 1164.1 ρ, Kg/m3 999.8
Av. Viscosity 0.401 μ, mNs/m2 1.294
Av. Heat Capacity 1.762 cp, kJ/kg°C 4.21
Heat Exchanged 7.2 Q, kW 7.2
Av. Thermal Conductivity 0.3751 k, W/m°C 0.5843
Fouling Resistance 0.00035 R,m² °C/W 0.00025 Step 6. Shell side heat transfer
Thermal Con SS-Metal 15.75 k, W/m°C 15.75 coefficient
LMTD 42.8 °C
Corrected LMTD 42.8 °C
0.35 inch
Db = do*((N/k1)^(1/n1))
Step. 4 Bundle and Shell K1 0.319 do*LN(do/di)/(2*k)
diameter N1 2.142
Step. 5 Tube side heat Bundle diameter = 0.0589 m
transfer coefficient Shell diameter = 0.0621 m
Tubeside Reynolds No., N Re = 2780 Overall heat transfe
Prandtl No. = 1.88
Length / ID = 241 shell side HT Coefficient using "
jh 0.0030 Colburn Method-(Book -Kern p137)
Nusselt number = 10.28 Range of application is for Reynolds
hi = 465 W/m² °C gives results with deviation +20% ie
hio =hi*(di/do) 308.5 W/m² °C Based on a correlation of industrial data for
Calculate the tube side heat transfer coefficient (Sidlet Tate Eqn.) when the bundle employs baffles ha
Hf = 0.023(Kj/D) x (DG/μj) x (Cj μj/Kj)
0.8 0.333
x (μj/μw) 0.14
485.1 W/m² °C Hs = 0.36 (k/De) x Re0.55 x Pr 0.33 x (μ
hio =hi*(di/do) 321
The values in this block will keep on changing
Alternative Coreelation of Colburn equation : Coefficients " J " calculation ( For Shell Side)
Nre = Gs*De/μ Nu = j *Nre*Pr^0.33 *(μ/μw)^0.14 Nu =hs*De/k
Nre Nre<100 100<Nre<3000
1,518 j = a*Nre^b lnj=a+b*lnNre+c*(lnNre)^2
Jh = 0.01890 a b a b c
1 Array -Selected 1.81 -0.72 1.7 -1.25 0.065
1 Triangle (30°) Pt/D 1.81 -0.72 1.7 -1.25 0.065
2 Square Pt/D=1.25 0.97 -0.62 3.29 -1.9 0.121
3 Rotated Square Pt 1.81 -0.72 0.32 -0.76 0.025
4 Triangle (30°) Pt/D 1.34 -0.68 0.37 -0.56 0.0087
5 Square Pt/D=1.5 0.88 -0.64 1.61 -1.34 0.082
jH = 0.00927 0.01890
The Value of Factor jH in Kern Method can be calculated from following Formula
For 25% Seg. Baffle
jH = 0.5*(1+B/DS)*(0.08*Nre^0.6821 + 0.7*NRE^0.1772) Use Nre = G*De/μ in above Fprmula
a correlation of industrial data for hydrocarbons, organic compounds, water and aqueous solutions Carbon Steel 38.69
6 (k/De) x Re0.55 x Pr 0.33 x (μ /μw)0.14 (Applicable for Δ Pitch only) Inconel 12.95
2783.1 Monel 21.28
Nickel 52.09
Stainless Steel 13.54
ation ( For Shell Side)
Nre>3000
j=a*Nre^b
a b
0.275 -0.38
0.275 -0.38
0.275 -0.38
0.275 -0.38
0.275 -0.38
0.275 -0.38
0.01700
ing Formula
Step 1. Input flows, conditions and properties data for shellside and tubeside
Step 5. Start configuring the exchanger. Begin with the total calculated transfer coefficient to
this point:
Ustart = 90 Btu/h·ft2·oF
Over all heat transfer Coefficient, Uo = 72.5 Btu/h·ft2·oF 411.834
Flow (M), Kg/s Then the required transfer A = 2 ft2
Temp. in, °C Then the required transfer A = 0.21 m²
Temp. out, °C Number of tubes required = 3
r, Kg/m3 ass (Step 3), then no. of passes = 1
m, mNs/m2 Total tube count = 2.6
cp, kJ/kg°C Tubeside DP (incl. returns) = 0.074 psi
Q, kW Actual effective transfer area, A = 2 ft2
k, W/m°C Actual effective transfer area, A = 0.21 m²
R,m² °C/W Step 4. Select tube arrangement Tube Pitch 0.625 in.
Prandtl No. and estimate shell diameter Pattern Tri.
No off
k, W/m°C Shell ID from Tube Count Tables 4 in. Baffles
minimum
Select Baffle Spacing 6 in. 6"
Number of Baffles = 12 12.12
Flow Area across Bundle, as = 0.033 ft2
Equivalent Diameter, de (see table) = 0.35 in.
Mass Velocity, Gs = 37,098 lb/h·ft2 2 - S ( R + 1 - ( R2 + 1 )
Shellside Reynolds No., N Re = 836
Shellside Friction Factor = 0.00336 2 - S ( R + 1 + ( R2 + 1 )
Shellside DP = 0.016 psi
Outside Transfer Factor, jh = 15.2 British Unit
Outside Film Coefficient, ho = 370
Calculated Uo = 72.5 Btu/h·ft2·oF
Calculated U o = 411.9 W/m²-°C
Check: % difference, Ucalc. vs Uassum. = 0.00%
U clean = 172.8 Btu/h·ft2·oF
U clean = 981.2 W/m²-°C
Step 6. Check tubeside velocity and DP, shellside DP. If too high or too low,
adjust tube length, number of tubes per pass, number of passes, and/or shell
baffle spacing. Remember to reset shell diameter from tube count tables, as
required.
BWG/Tube Wall Thicknesses WATER PROPERTY
8 0.165 Temperature Tᴼ 10.0 ᴼC
9 0.148 0.017 Viscosity μ 1.294 C.P.
10 0.134 0.014 Thermal Cond. K 0.5843 w/m.ᴼK
11 0.120 0.014 Density ρ 1.000 gm/cc
12 0.109 0.011 Specific Heat Cp 4213.5 J/Kg.C
13 0.095 0.014 Liquid Enthalpy H 42.1 KJ/Kg
14 0.083 0.012
15 0.072 0.011 WATER DYNEMIC VISCOSITY-(273 to 373K)
16 0.065 0.007 10 T ᴼC = 283.14 T = ᴼK
A= -3.7188
MTD Correction Factors B= 578.919
C= -137.546
R = ( T 1 - T2 ) / ( t 2 - t 1 ) = 0.138 1.294 mPa.s C.P.
/k1)^(1/n1))
=1.25do
For 6 t.p
0.0743
2.499
=1.25do
For 6 t.p
0.0402
2.617
Calculate Nre: From Cross Flow area(m²),shell side: Masslow rate_G:(kg/s),Fuid viscosity(kg/m.s) & Tube OD(m)
Correlation Coefficients for j-I and f-I
j-I = a1*(1.33/TubePitchRatio)^a * Nre^a2 where a = a3/(1+0.14*Nre^a4)
f-ideal Coeff: b1*(1.33/TubePitchRatio)^b*Nre^b2 where b = b3/(1+0.14*Nre^b4)
Pitch Layout Nre a1 a2 a3 a4 b1 b2
30 0 1.4 -0.667 1.45 0.519 48 -1
30 10 1.36 -0.657 1.45 0.519 45.1 -0.973
30 100 0.593 -0.477 1.45 0.519 4.57 -0.476
30 1000 0.321 -0.388 1.45 0.519 0.486 -0.152
30 10000 0.321 -0.388 1.45 0.519 0.372 -0.123
45 0 1.55 -0.667 1.93 0.5 32 -1
45 10 0.498 -0.656 1.93 0.5 26.2 -0.913
45 100 0.73 -0.5 1.93 0.5 3.5 -0.476
45 1000 0.37 -0.396 1.93 0.5 0.333 -0.136
45 10000 0.37 -0.396 1.93 0.5 0.303 -0.126
60 0 1.4 -0.667 1.45 0.519 48 -1
60 10 1.36 -0.657 1.45 0.519 45.1 -0.973
60 100 0.593 -0.477 1.45 0.519 4.57 -0.476
60 1000 0.321 -0.388 1.45 0.519 0.486 -0.152
60 10000 0.321 -0.388 1.45 0.519 0.372 -0.123
90 0 0.97 0.667 1.187 0.37 35 -1
90 10 0.9 -0.631 1.187 0.37 32.1 -0.0963
90 100 0.408 -0.46 1.187 0.37 6.09 -0.602
90 1000 0.107 -0.266 1.187 0.37 0.0815 -0.022
90 10000 0.37 -0.395 1.187 0.37 0.391 -0.148
Ideal H.T. Coeff_ho (W/m².C) = J*Cp*(G/As)*(k/(Cp*μ))^(2/3)*(μb/μw)^0.14
Actual H.T. Coeff is normally 60% of Ideal H.T.Coeff accounting leakages in H.Exch. Tube bundle
were Heat Capacity Cp = KJ/Kg.ᴼC G:(Kg/s) As:(m²) μ :Kg/m.s
Therm Cond_k : (J/s.m.C) Note: w/m.C = 1000*(J/s.m.C)
Alternative Coreelation of Colburn equation : Coefficients " J " calculation ( For Shell Side)
1 1
0.1
0.01
0.001 0.001
Use Colburn Formula for above graph Nu = (hs*de/k) = jh*Nre *Pr^0.33 *(μ/μw)^
Note : The above fGraph published in Table -28 is Valid for Hydrocarbons, organic compounds, wa
when bundle employed baffles withacceptable clearance between baffles and tubes , betwee
Note : The Value of Factor jH in Kern Method can be calculated from foll
For 25% Seg. Baffle
jH = 0.5*(1+B/DS)*(0.08*Nre^0.6821 + 0.7*NRE^0.1772) Use Nre = G*De/μ in abo
0.01 0.0385
0.02 0.0667
0.02 0.0792
0.01 0.0385
a = a3/(1+0.14*Nre^a4)
b = b3/(1+0.14*Nre^b4)
b3 b4
7 0.5
7 0.5
7 0.5
7 0.5
7 0.5
6.59 0.52
6.59 0.52
6.59 0.52
6.59 0.52
6.59 0.52
7 0.5
7 0.5
7 0.5
7 0.5
7 0.5
6.3 0.378
6.3 0.378
6.3 0.378
6.3 0.378
6.3 0.378
Nre>3000
Nre+c(lnNre)^2 j=a*Nre^b
c a b
0.065 0.275 -0.38
0.121 0.275 -0.38
0.025 0.275 -0.38
0.0087 0.275 -0.38
0.082 0.275 -0.38
Liq-Liq exchange)
h*Nre *Pr^0.33 *(μ/μw)^0.14
0.01
0.001
where
Nre = do*G/μ
jH = (hi*do/k)*(Cp*μ/k)^-0.33*(μ/μw)^-0.14
Reference: Page 37 | Ernest E. Ludwig' Applied Pro
Tube Count
12 13.25 15.25 17.25 19.25 21.25 23.25 25 27 29
0.3048 0.33655 0.38735 0.43815 0.48895 0.53975 0.59055 0.635 0.6858 0.7366
105 135 193 247 307 391 481 553 663 763
91 117 157 217 277 343 423 493 577 667
85 101 139 183 235 287 355 419 495 587
57 73 103 133 163 205 247 307 361 427
45 65 83 111 139 179 215 255 303 359
94 124 166 228 300 370 452 528 626 734
90 110 154 208 264 326 398 468 556 646
78 94 126 172 222 280 346 408 486 560
52 62 92 126 162 204 244 292 346 410
40 56 76 106 136 172 218 248 298 348
84 108 154 196 266 332 412 484 576 680
72 96 134 180 232 294 360 424 508 596
72 88 126 142 192 242 308 366 440 510
44 60 78 104 138 176 212 258 308 368
40 48 74 84 110 142 188 214 260 310
80 116 174 230 294 372 440 532 632
66 104 156 202 258 322 388 464 548
54 78 116 158 212 266 324 394 460
34 56 82 112 150 182 226 274 338
44 66 88 116 154 184 226 268
94 140 198 258 332 398 484 576
82 124 170 224 286 344 422 496
94 132 174 228 286 352 414
66 90 120 154 190 240 298
74 94 128 150 192 230
31 33 35 37