UHP-SCT-C00-UYX-F-3001 - Design Criteria For Civil Structural Works - Rev.2

FOR CONSTRUCTION
2 For Construction 17 Nov. ‘15 Y.H. Eom Y.G.Choi H.T.Shin Chris.Choi
1 For Construction 15 Oct. ‘15 Y.H. Eom Y.G.Choi H.T.Shin Chris.Choi
0 For Construction 24 Sep. ‘15 Y.H. Eom Y.G.Choi H.T.Shin Chris.Choi
A For Approval 03 Jun. ‘15 Y.H. Eom Y.G.Choi H.T.Shin Chris.Choi
Rev Description Date Prepd Chkd Apprd Author

Owner:
Owner’s Engineer:
Project Title:
UMM AL HOUL POWER IWPP
Consortium Member:
Subcontractor:
[●]
Drawing/Document Title
Design Criteria for Civil & Structural Works

Drawing/Document No.
UHP-SCT-C00-UYX-F-3001
Reference No.
(Vendor’s Original Document No.)

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List of Contents
1 GENERAL ..................................................................................................... 1
1.1 SCOPE....................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 DATUM....................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 UNIT AND SCALE RATIOS OF MEASUREMENT ................................................................................ 1
1.4 STANDARDS AND CODES ............................................................................................................. 2
1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ..................................................................................................... 4
2 DESIGN METHOD ........................................................................................ 7
3 MATERIALS.................................................................................................. 7
3.1 CONCRETE ................................................................................................................................ 7
3.2 CONCRETE GRADE & EXPOSURE CLASS FOR STRUCTURES ......................................................... 8
3.3 GROUTING ................................................................................................................................. 9
3.4 REINFORCING STEEL ................................................................................................................ 10
3.5 STEEL...................................................................................................................................... 10
4 DESIGN LOADS AND COMBINATION ...................................................... 13
4.1 DEAD LOADS............................................................................................................................ 13
4.2 OPERATING LOAD (PL) ............................................................................................................. 15
4.3 TESTING LOAD (PT) ................................................................................................................. 15
4.4 FLUID LOAD (F) ........................................................................................................................ 15
4.5 EQUIPMENT LOAD (MACHINERY(M) AND VESSEL(V)) .................................................................. 15
4.6 LIVE LOAD (L) .......................................................................................................................... 15
4.7 CRANE LOADS .......................................................................................................................... 17
4.8 TRAFFIC LOAD (LTR)................................................................................................................. 18
4.9 WIND LOAD (W) ....................................................................................................................... 19
4.10 SEISMIC LOAD (E) .................................................................................................................... 20
4.11 EARTH AND WATER PRESSURE LOADS ...................................................................................... 21
4.12 THERMAL LOAD (T) .................................................................................................................. 23
4.13 LOAD COMBINATIONS ............................................................................................................... 23
5 CONCRETE STRUCTURE ......................................................................... 25
5.1 STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTORS ............................................................................................. 26
5.2 FRICTION FACTORS .................................................................................................................. 26
5.3 CONCRETE PROTECTION FOR REINFORCEMENT......................................................................... 27
5.4

MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT ( min ) ............................................................................................ 27
5.5 CRACK CONTROL ..................................................................................................................... 28
5.6 DEFLECTION CONTROL ............................................................................................................. 29
6 CIVIL WORK ............................................................................................... 29
6.1 EARTHWORK ............................................................................................................................ 29
7 FOUNDATION ............................................................................................. 29
7.1 DESIGN PRINCIPLE ................................................................................................................... 30
7.2 FOUNDATION FOR SMALL EQUIPMENT ......................................................................................... 30
7.3 LIQUID-RETAINING STRUCTURE .................................................................................................. 30
7.4 FACTORS OF SAFETY ................................................................................................................ 30
7.5 SETTLEMENT............................................................................................................................ 31
7.6 SHALLOW FOUNDATION ............................................................................................................ 31
7.7 MACHINE FOUNDATION SUBJECT TO DYNAMIC ........................................................................... 32
7.8 POTABLE WATER RESERVOIR .................................................................................................... 33
7.9 PEDESTALS HEIGHT.................................................................................................................. 34
Doc. Title : Design Criteria for Civil & Structural Works Rev. : 2 05 Nov ‘15
Doc. No : UHP-SCT-C00-UYX-F-3001 Page i of ii
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8 STEEL STRUCTURE .................................................................................. 34

8.1 DEFLECTION OF BEAM AND GIRDER ........................................................................................... 34
8.2 SLENDERNESS RATIO OF COMPRESSION MEMBERS ................................................................... 35
8.3 BOLTS ..................................................................................................................................... 36
8.4 BASE PLATE AND ANCHOR BOLT ................................................................................................ 36
9 STORM DRAINAGE.................................................................................... 37
9.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................ 37
9.2 PIPE MATERIALS ...................................................................................................................... 37
9.3 FLOW QUANTITY OF DRAINAGE ................................................................................................. 37
9.4 DRAIN DESIGN ......................................................................................................................... 38
10 ROAD PAVEMENT ..................................................................................... 39
10.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................................. 39
10.2 ROAD PAVEMENT ...................................................................................................................... 39
10.3 SITE SURFACING ...................................................................................................................... 39
11 ANALYSIS PROGRAM ............................................................................... 40
12 OFFSHORE STRUCTURE DESIGN ........................................................... 40
12.1 BATHYMETRY ........................................................................................................................... 40
12.2 WATER LEVELS ........................................................................................................................ 40
12.3 DESIGN WAVE .......................................................................................................................... 41
12.4 OFFSHORE INTAKE SYSTEM ...................................................................................................... 41
12.5 OFFSHORE DISCHARGE SYSTEM ............................................................................................... 42
12.6 ROCK WORKS .......................................................................................................................... 42
12.7 SHORELINE PROTECTION AND DREDGING .................................................................................. 42
Doc. No : UHP-SCT-C00-UYX-F-3001 Page ii of ii
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1 GENERAL
1.1 Scope
This Design Criteria for Civil & Structural Works cover the general requirements
for the design and construction of civil and structural works and is intended to
present the design procedure/method, design parameters as well as material
standards and detail design of structures, foundations to be constructed for UMM
AL HOUL POWER IWPP Project.
The Civil Works shall be designed to have a minimum working life of thirty (30)
years before significant repair or replacement of the main structural elements
and secondary structural elements/cladding. Applied corrosive protection system
shall have a design life to first maintenance of 10 years except for the
underground system which shall be designed for 30 years.
1.2 Datum
The horizontal and vertical datum adopted in this project.
Description Reference System

Vertical Qatar National Height Datum (QNHD)
Horizontal Qatar National Grid (QNG)
Levels are shown in meters and dimensions are shown in millimeters unless
otherwise noted.
1.3 Unit and Scale Ratios of Measurement
Unit of measurement in design shall be SI unit system unless otherwise specified
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and all drawings shall be prepared using one of the following scales 1:1, 1:2, 1:5,
1:10, 1:25, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200, 1:300, 1:400, 1:1000, or 1:2500 in general.
1.4 Standards and Codes
The design and materials for civil and building works shall comply with the
applicable American or British Standards and Codes, accepted International
Standards and other local law and regulations effective at the date of contract.
The standards and regulations applicable to the design will be of American Origin
supplemented by British codes.
American Standards
▪ AISC : American Institute of Steel Construction
▪ ASTM : American Society of Testing and Materials
▪ ACI : American Concrete Institute
▪ ANSI : American National Standard Institute
▪ AWWA : American Water Works Association
▪ AWS : American Welding Society
▪ AASHTO : American Association of Highways and Transportation Officials
▪ NPC : National Plumbing Code
▪ ASCE : American Society of Civil Engineers
▪ PCA : Portland Cement Association
▪ NCMA : National Concrete Masonry Association
▪ OSHA : Occupational Safety & Health Administration
▪ API : American Petroleum Institute
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▪ NAVFAC : NAVFAC Soil Mechanic Design Manual 7
European Standards
▪ EN : European Norm
▪ ISO : International Organization for Standardization
British Standards
▪ BS : British Standard
▪ BS CP : British Standard Code of Practice
Local Standards and Regulation
▪ CIRIA : Construction Industry Research and Information Association
▪ QCS : Qatar Construction Specification
Other Standards and References
▪ JIS : Japanese Industrial Standards
▪ DIN : Deutsche Industry Standards
▪ NFPA : National Fire Protection Association
▪ SSPC : Steel Structural Painting Council
▪ DNV : Det Norske Veritas
▪ Soakaway design BRE Digest365
Standards and Codes shall comply with the precedence of documents stated in
the Qatar Construction Specification.
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1.5 Environmental conditions
The Facility and the Connection Equipment will be designed for the following
environmental conditions. The environmental conditions given in this document
are subject to change and shall be confirmed by the results of associated
surveys and studies.
1.5.1 Wind Speed
1 in 50 year 3 second gust speed at 10 m above ground level : 46m/s
1.5.2 Waves
Significant wave height, Hs : 2m
Wave period for 1 in 10 year wave, Tz : 5s
Wave period for 1 in 100 year wave, Tz : 7s
The below table presents the extreme wave heights at different depths and
return periods obtained from the extraction points defined on the New Doha Port
Project based on the Tender Design Basis. It shall be updated when the results
of the Hydraulic Study becomes available.
Significant Wave Heights
Seabed Elevation (m QNHD)

-8.6 -5.5 -3.7 -2.3
Return Period Hmo Tp Hmo Tp Hmo Tp Hmo Tp
(Years) (m) (s) (m) (s) (m) (s) (m) (s)
1 1.18 6.1 1.07 6.0 1.02 6.1 0.89 6.0
50 1.92 7.0 1.67 7.2 1.48 7.0 1.21 6.7
100 2.08 7.2 1.82 7.5 1.60 7.2 1.30 6.9
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1.5.3 Seawater Condition
Maximum seawater temperature : 35℃
Minimum seawater temperature : 15℃
Average seawater temperature : 33℃
1.5.4 Currents
The design current velocities provided in the Hydraulic Study Report shall be
used.
Inshore currents : 2 knots parallel to coastline
1.5.5 Tides
Based on the Tender Design Basis, the tidal levels for the New Doha Port which
is close to the plant site are adopted for this project and presented in the below
table.
It shall be updated when the results of the Metocean Study and the Hydraulic
Study for this project becomes available.
Characteristic Tidal Plane Elevation (m QNHD)

Highest astronomical tide (HAT) +1.38
Mean higher water springs (MHWS) +1.04
Mean higher high water (MHHW) +0.74
Mean higher low water (MHLW) +0.09
Mean sea level (MSL) ±0.00
Mean lower high water (MLHW) -0.16
Mean lower low water (MLLW) -0.65
Mean lower water springs (MLWS) -0.88
Lowest astronomical tide (LAT) -1.17
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1.5.6 Densities
Seawater : 1040 kg/m³
1.5.7 Air Temperature
The following temperatures will be used for design purpose:
▪ Average maximum shade temperature : 46℃
▪ Maximum recorded shade temperature : 52℃
▪ Average minimum shade temperature : 20℃
▪ Minimum recorded shade temperature : 0℃
▪ Maximum sun radiation temperature (Design) : 84℃
1.5.8 Humidity
▪ Maximum relative humidity : 100 %
▪ Minimum relative humidity : 1%
1.5.9 Rainfall
▪ Maximum annual rainfall : 175 mm
▪ Minimum annual rainfall : 13 mm
▪ Maximum design rainfall intensity (I) : 23.3 mm/hour in 10 year storm
frequency
1.5.10 Seismic Condition
All structure shall be designed in accordance with ASCE 7-10
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▪ Site Class : B (Refer to Soil investigation report chapter 7.7)
▪ Risk Category : III, ASCE 7-10, Table 1.5-1
▪ 0.2 second Spectral Acceleration – Ss: 0.09 for 475 year and 0.147 for 2475
year (QCS 2014)
▪ 1.0 second Spectral Acceleration – S1: 0.045 for 475 year and 0.065 for 2475
year (QCS 2014)
2 DESIGN METHOD
▪ Concrete Structure : Ultimate Strength Design Methods (USD) method in
accordance with ACI 318(M)-11.
▪ Steel Structure : ASD/LRFD Method by AISC 14th Edition.
3 MATERIALS
3.1 Concrete
The classes of concrete to be used shall be as follows.
QCS 2014 Section 05, Part 06
Concrete Strength at 28 days (MPa) Min. Cement Max. Free Water:

Grade Cube (fcu) Cylinder (f’c) Content kg/㎥ Cement Ratio
C50 50 40 370 0.45

C45 45 35 355 0.47
C40 40 32 335 0.50
C35 35 28 320 0.55
C25 25 20 260 0.60
C20 20 16 N/A N/A
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3.2 Concrete Grade & Exposure Class for Structures
Exposure Concrete Grade

Class (Cube)
Application / Usage
(Sulphate QCS
Design
/Chlorides) 2014
Wall / FDN S3/X5 C50 C50

Seawater Intake /
Seal Pit Lean Concrete
X0 > C15 C20
(NO reinforcement)
Wall / FDN
S2/X4 C40 C40
Duct Bank
Power Block
BOP Area Screed (Mortar) X0 C40 C40
Lean Concrete
X0 > C15 C20
(NO reinforcement)
Wall C45 C45
Shotcrete C45 C45
S2/X4
Floor C40 C40
Potable Water
Structural C40 C40
Reservoir Tank
Screed (Mortar) X0 C45 C45
Lean Concrete
X0 > C15 C20
(NO reinforcement)
FDN C40 C40
Pedestal C40 C40
S2/X4
Misc. Foundations &
Power Block Area
Supporting C40 C40
Siemens Turbine
Structures
(GTG, STG &
Misc) Screed (Mortar) X0 C40 C40
Lean Concrete
X0 > C15 C20
(NO reinforcement)
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Wall / FDN
Duct Bank
S2/X2 C40 C40
GIS Screed
(132/220KV) Screed (Mortar)
Lean Concrete
X0 >C15 C20
(NO reinforcement)
3.3 Grouting
3.3.1 Sand-Cement Grout
The use of sand-cement grout shall be limited to grouting of minor steel
structures (e.g instrument stands) only.
The grout shall be a mixture of one part of Portland cement and three parts of
clean fine sand.
The grout shall have a minimum crushing strength of 20 N/mm2 after 28 days
and not less than 13 N/mm2 at 7 days.
Sand conforming to BS 812 or equivalent code, capable of freely passing a filter
mesh of 1.5mm.
3.3.2 Non-shrink Grout
Non-shrink grout shall be applied under all major steel structure and stationary,
rotating and turbine equipment.
The selection of the type of grout shall be in accordance with ASTM
C1107/C1107m-07A, Type B or C or Equivalent.
In general one of the following types of non-shrink grout shall be used:
▪ Cement-based non-shrink grout : Min. Compressive strength 45 N/mm2
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▪ Epoxy-based non-shrink grout : Min. Compressive strength 45 N/mm2
3.3.3 Seawater Resistance Grout
Seawater Resistance Grouting shall be applied for seawater exposed structures.
3.4 Reinforcing Steel
Reinforcement steel bar to be used is high yield strength deformed bar
conforming to BS 4449, DIN 488 or equal as supplied by Qatar Steel Company
(QASCO) or equivalent.
Physical properties are as the bellows.
▪ Type of steel : Deformed High Yield Bar
▪ Minimum yield strength (fy) : 500 MPa
▪ Diameter (mm) : 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25, 30, 32
▪ Modulus of elasticity (Es) : 200,000 MPa
Reinforcement steel bar (Re-bar) for concrete structures in contact with seawater
shall be protected with epoxy coating in accordance with BS 7295 or equivalent.
3.5 Steel
3.5.1 Structural Steel
Structural steel shall conform to BS EN 10025 S275, S355 or equivalent unless
otherwise described or specified.
▪ Unit weight (ωs) : 77.0 kN /m3
▪ Minimum strength
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a) For S275 : Fy = 275 (t≤16), 265 (16<t≤40), Fu = 430 (t<3), 410
(3≤t≤100)
b) For S355 : Fy = 355 (t≤16), 345 (16<t≤40), Fu = 510 (t<3), 470
(3≤t≤100)
▪ Modulus of elasticity (Es) : 200,000 MPa
3.5.2 Structural Bolt
3.5.2.1 High Strength Bolt : for primary structural members
High-strength bolts : ASTM A325, BS 4395 General Grade or equivalent
Nuts : ASTM A563, BS 4395 Part 1 Heavy Hex or equivalent
Washer : ASTM F436, BS 4395 Part 1 or equivalent
3.5.2.2 Mild Steel Bolt : for secondary structural members such as purlins, girts, stair
framing & tread, toe plate, handrail, ladders, miscellaneous.
Normal bolts : ASTM A307, BS 4190 Grade 4.6 or equivalent
Nuts : ASTM A563, BS 4190 Grade 4 Heavy Hex or equivalent
Washer : ASTM F436, BS 4320 or equivalent
3.5.3 Anchor Bolt & Embedded Items
Anchor bolts shall be ASTM 307, ASTM F1554 Grade 36, 55 or 105, ASTM A193
Grade B7, BS EN 10025 Grade S275JR or equivalent.
ASTM F593 SS 316L or equivalent shall be used for contact with water which
contain chloride, unless noted.
Embedded plates shall be ASTM A36 or BS EN 10025 S275JR and hot-dipped
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galvanized.
3.5.4 Welding Requirements
All welds in structural steel shall be in accordance with AWS D1.1 or other
applicable codes.
3.5.5 Grating
All platforms shall be covered with galvanized gratings (minimum bars 32mm x
3mm @ 30mm c/c, bearing bar type) in accordance with BS EN 10025 S275, or
equivalent. Where dangerous spillage may occur, checkered plate flooring shall
be used.
Material for steel grating and fastener shall be hot dip galvanized after fabrication.
All gratings indicated as removable shall be bolted or clipped to supports.
Bearing bar shall be of depth required to support the design loads at allowable
stress and a deflection not exceeding 1/200 of span length.
3.5.6 Checkered plate
Checkered plates for floors and platforms shall conform to BS EN 10025 S275,
BS 4360 43B, ASTM A36 or JIS G 3010 SS400 and shall be of hot dip
galvanized and locations as indicated on the drawings.
Checkered plates indicated as removable shall be provided with two lifting holes,
and size of plate shall be such as to afford easy handling. All edges of plates
shall be ground or cut and smooth. Where checkered plates shall be fitted to
supporting members, they shall be secured by countersunk, flat-head bolts or
screws, or welding. Checkered plate shall be teardrop raised pattern type of min.
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6mm thickness (excluding pattern).
3.5.7 Steel Stair
Steel stair stringer shall conform to ASTM A36 or BS EN 10025 S275.
Walkways, stairs and platforms shall provide a clear width of not less than 1.00
m. Stairs shall be designed for a rise of about 190 mm and a run of about 240
mm with successive treads lapped about 20 mm making overall tread width
about 260 mm.
The slope of stair shall not exceed 45° to the horizontal and the minimum head
room shall be 2.30 meters.
Vertical clearance for walkway, stairs and platforms shall be not less than 2.30
meters.
Floor grating stair treads and platforms shall be formed from welded steel grating
with 32mm x 3 mm bearing bars at 30 mm centers and cross bars at 100 mm
centers.
Checkered plate for steel plate stair treads, risers and platform shall not be less
than 6.0 mm in thickness.
4 DESIGN LOADS AND COMBINATION
4.1 Dead Loads
All dead loading will be in accordance with ANSI/ASCE 7-10 “Minimum Design
Loads for Building and Other Structures”.
Dead loads comprise of the weight of structural members and all permanent
materials and empty weight of equipment as well as the weight of pipes, air ducts,
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cables, insulation, and other similar items fastened thereto or supported thereby,
which are not considered in the live load, operating load, equipment load, etc.,
hereinafter.
Unit weights of the major construction materials shall be in accordance with the
following:
▪ Steel : 77.0 kN/m3
▪ Grout and cement mortar : 20.0 kN/m3
▪ Soil above ground water level : 18.0 kN/m3
▪ Ground water : 10.0 kN/m3
▪ Sea water : 10.4 kN/m3
▪ Reinforced concrete : 24.0 kN/m3
▪ Plain concrete : 23.0 kN/m3
▪ Hollow Concrete Block : 16.0 kN/m3
▪ Brick Masonry : 20.5 kN/m3
▪ Brick Concrete : 21.5 kN/m3
▪ 6 mm Checkered Plate with support beam : 0.5 kN/m2
▪ 32mm Grating with support beam : 0.5 kN/m2
▪ Wall Panel with purlin : 0.5 kN/m2
▪ Roof Panel with girt : 0.5 kN/m2
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4.2 Operating Load (PL)
The operating load will be defined as the gravity load imposed by liquid, solid, or
viscous materials in vessels, tanks, equipment or piping during operation.
4.3 Testing Load (PT)
The test load will be defined as the gravity load imposed by the liquid (normally
water) used to pressure test of piping and equipment. Because test loads will be
considered as temporary loads in structural design, allowable soil bearing
capacity and settlement may be increased by 1/3~1/5.
4.4 Fluid Load (F)
Fluid load is the load due to weight and pressure of water or fluids with well-
defined densities and controllable maximum heights. The design of structures
shall include fluid loads when applicable.
4.5 Equipment Load (Machinery(M) and Vessel(V))
Equipment load is the load due to piping, cabling, etc. which are not considered
as dead load and live load. These load shall be considered temporary and/or
permanent load, based on types of equipment, erection and test method.
4.6 Live Load (L)
Live load is the load produced by the use and occupancy of the building or the
structures such as those for people, tools, furniture, etc..
The following live loads shall be applied area as a minimum for building or other
structure at which live loads are not mentioned.
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Live loads carried from the floors to the columns may be reduced in accordance
with the Section 4.7 and 4.8 of ASCE 7-10.
Description of Structure Loads
Live load for building roofs 1.00 kN/m2

Battery rooms, Relay Rooms, Switchgear Rooms.
10.00 kN/m2
Equipment rooms
Additional dead load for lay-down areas, storage
racks, pipes, cable ducts, AC system, lifting devices,
suspended ceiling and other mechanical or electrical -
equipment to be considered additionally with the actu
al load.
Operation Floors 20.00 kN/m2
Maintenance Floor 10.00 kN/m2
Stores**,
- Wholesale, all floors 6.00 kN/m2
Workshops**,
- Light 6.00 kN/m2
- Heavy 11.97 kN/m2
Control Rooms, Social Rooms, Offices and all other

rooms**:
- Access Floor System( hall, walkway and stair)
4.79 kN/m2
- Dining & Restaurant (Social Rooms)
4.79 kN/m2
- Office and other rooms 2.40 kN/m2
Traffic Loads SLW 60, DIN 1072*
Roads and pavements, gutters SLW 60, DIN 1072*
Cooling water pipes, culverts and pipe/cable ducts
SLW 60, DIN 1072*
in road areas
Note :
* SLW 60 = Heavy truck with 600 kN total weight.
Wheel load 100 kN for 6 wheels. Dimension 6m long, 3m width.
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** Goods to be stored and the equipment of the workshop have to be considered
accordingly
4.7 Crane loads
The crane live load shall be the rated capacity of the crane. Design loads for
runway beams, including connections and support brackets, of moving bridge
cranes and monorail cranes shall include the maximum wheel loads of the crane
and the vertical impact, lateral, and longitudinal forces induced by moving crane.
(ASCE 7-10, section 4.9)
4.7.1 Maximum Wheel Load
The maximum wheel loads shall be the wheel loads produced by the weight of
the bridge, as applicable, plus the sum of the rated capacity and the weight of
the trolley with the trolley positioned on its runway at the location where the
resulting load effect is maximum.
4.7.2 Vertical impact force
Due to impact or vibration effects, the maximum wheel loads of the crane shall
be increased as follows:
▪ Monorail cranes (power operated) : 25 %
▪ Cab-operated or remotely operated bridge cranes : 25 %
▪ Pendant-operated bridge crane (power operated) : 10 %
▪ Bridge cranes or monorail cranes with hand-geared bridge, trolley, and
hoist : 0 %
Above mentioned increased factors used for design of runway beams, including
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connections and support brackets. In case of frame and foundation design, no
need consider the increased factors.
4.7.3 Lateral force
The lateral force on crane runway beams with electrically powered trolleys shall
be calculated as 20% of the sum of the rated capacity of the crane and the
weight of the hoist and trolley. For bridge cranes with hand-geared bridge, this
longitudinal force shall not be considered.
4.7.4 Longitudinal force
The longitudinal force on crane runway beams, except for bridge cranes with
hand- geared bridges, shall be calculated as 10 % of the maximum wheel loads
of crane.
For bridge cranes with hand-geared bridge, this longitudinal force shall not be
considered.
4.8 Traffic Load (Ltr)
Design standards and criteria for roads will be in accordance with AASHTO or
DIN 1072 requirements.
Structures accessible to trucks shall be designed to withstand the gravity, lateral
and impact effects of truck loading. Truck loading shall be SLW 60 as defined by
DIN 1072.
- SLW 60 (DIN 1072)
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4.9 Wind Load (W)
All wind loads calculations shall be made in accordance with the ANSI/ASCE 7-
10.
4.9.1 ASCE 7-10
▪ Basic wind speed at 10 meters above ground : 46 m/sec (3-second gust speed)
▪ Risk Category : III, ASCE 7-10, Table 1.5-1
▪ Exposure category : D, ASCE 7-10, section 26.7.3
▪ Velocity Pressure
Velocity pressure, qz, at any height above ground and at mean roof height is
obtained from the following equation and given in the table. (ASCE 7-10,
section 27.3.2, eq. 27.3-1)
qz = 0.613 (N/m2); V in m/s

where,
qz : velocity pressure to be used in equations for the determination of
design wind loads
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V : basic wind speed (46 m/sec)
: velocity pressure exposure coefficient evaluated at height z.
: topographic factor, which accounts for wind speed-up over hills and
escarpments. All structures of this project are not subject to the
topographic factor due to flat terrain (i.e., = 1)
: Wind directionality factor, which accounts for the reduced probability
of maximum winds coming from any given direction and the reduced
probability of the maximum pressure coefficient occurring for any
given wind direction (i.e., = 0.85(for buildings), = 0.95(for
round chimneys, tanks, vessels)). (ASCE 7-10, Table 26.6-1)
▪ Design Wind Pressure for Buildings, p = qGCp – qi(GCpi) (N/m2), ASCE 7-10,
section 27.4-1, eq. 27.4-1.
where,
q : qz for windward walls evaluated at height z above the ground.
q : qh for leeward walls, side walls and roofs evaluated at height h.
qi : velocity pressure for internal pressure determination
G : gust effect factor, see section ASCE 7-10, section 26.9
Cp : external pressure coefficient from ASCE 7-10, Figs. 27-4-1, 27.4-2
and 27.4-3.
GCpi : Internal pressure coefficient from ASCE 7-10 Table 26.11-1
4.10 Seismic Load (E)
Steel seismic detail design for structural steel building shall be based on AISC
341-10 “Seismic Provision for Structural Steel Buildings”.
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Seismic load shall be calculated in accordance with static load procedure of
ASCE 7-10 with the following design criteria;
▪ Site Class: B
▪ Ss: 0.09 for 475 year and 0.147 for 2475 year
▪ S1: 0.045 for 475 year and 0.065 for 2475 year
▪ Fa: 1.0
▪ Fv: 1.0
▪ Risk category: III (As per table 1.5-1 of ASCE 7-10)
Where:
Fa : Mapped Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCER)
Spectral Response Acceleration Parameter at Short Period, ASCE 7-
10, Tab. 11.4-1
Fv : Mapped Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCER)
Spectral Response Acceleration Parameter at 1 second Period,
ASCE 7-10, Tab. 11.4-2
SS : the mapped MCER spectral response acceleration parameter at
short periods as determined in accordance with QCS2014
S1 : the mapped MCER spectral response acceleration parameter at a
period of 1 second as determined in accordance with QCS2014
4.11 Earth and Water Pressure Loads
4.11.1 Earth Pressure and Ground Water Pressure (H)
Earth pressure means the horizontal pressure of the soil acting on the
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underground structure and foundation. Earth pressure of all underground
structures shall be calculated using coefficients of earth pressure at rest,
coefficient of active or passive earth pressure (whichever is applicable).
Earth pressure and soil parameters that shall be used at design are as follows.
▪ Above groundwater
P = k (γ ∙
▪ Below groundwater
P k γ∙h q γ h h γ h h
▪ Ground Materials
Ground
φ ko ka kp Remark
Materials
Fill material 30° 0.50 0.333 3.00 -
where,
P : Earth pressure per unit area at the depth of ho from ground surface
(kN/m2)
γ : Bulk unit soil weight (kN/m3)
: Position of earth pressure Po from ground surface (m)
: Surcharge load (kN/m2)
: Depth from ground surface to ground water surface (m)
: Buoyant unit soil weight ( - , kN/m3)
: Saturated unit soil weight (kN/m3)
: Unit weight of ground water (=10.0 kN/m3)
k : Earth pressure coefficient
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: tan2 (45 - φ /2) for active earth pressure
: tan2 (45 + φ /2) for passive earth pressure
: (1 - sin φ) for at-rest earth pressure
φ : Internal friction angle
4.11.2 Water Pressure (F)
Water pressure means the pressure and buoyancy of fluid acting inside basins.
4.12 Thermal Load (T)
Thermal load is defined as forces caused by the expansion and contraction of
vessels and piping by change in temperature.
Thermal influences due to temperatures shall be considered for all structures
where such influences result in higher stresses.
The thermal range shall be not less than 0°C to 52°C taken as +/- 35°C for
design purposes when assessing building movements and shall be not less than
+/- 30°C when considering strength design.
4.13 Load Combinations
Load combinations used shall conform to the requirements in ANSI/ASCE 7-10
“Minimum Design Loads for Building and Other Structures.”
The most unfavorable load combinations shall be adopted for building and
structure design taking the following points into consideration.
Allowable Stress Design (ASD) shall be applied for the design of :
▪ Steel structure
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▪ Bearing and stability check of foundation
Ultimate Strength Design (USD) shall be applied for the strength design of
concrete structures.
4.13.1 Basic Load Cases
D : Dead Load
L : Live Load
Lr : Roof Live Load
H : Earth Pressure & Ground Water Pressure
F : Fluid Pressure
T : Thermal Load
W : Wind Load
E : Earthquake Load
Where omission of one or more of the contributing loads produces a more critical
effect, then this shall be considered in the following combinations.
4.13.2 Ultimate Strength Design Method (By ANSI/ASCE 7-10)
Combinations D L Lr F H W E T
1) D+F 1.4 1.4
2) D+F+L+H+Lr+T 1.2 1.6 0.5 1.2 1.6 1.2
3) D+L+Lr 1.2 1.0 1.6
4) D+Lr±W 1.2 1.6 0.5
5) D+L+Lr±W 1.2 1.0 0.5 1.0
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6) D+L±E 1.2 1.0 1.0
7) D±W+H 0.9 1.6 1.0
8) D±E+H 0.9 1.6 1.0
4.13.3 Allowable Stress Design Method (By ANSI/ASCE 7-10)
Combinations D L Lr F H W E T
9) D+F 1.0 1.0
10) D+H+F+L+T 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
11) D+H+F+Lr 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
12) D+H+L+T+Lr 1.0 0.75 0.75 1.0 1.0 0.75
13) D+H+F±W 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.6
14) D+H+F±E 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7
15) D+H+F±W+L+Lr 1.0 0.75 0.75 1.0 1.0 0.45
16) D+H+F±E+L 0.5

1.0 0.75 1.0 1.0
25
17) D+W+H 0.6 1.0 0.6
18) D+E+H 0.6 1.0 0.7
5 CONCRETE STRUCTURE
Concrete structures shall be designed in accordance with ultimate strength
design method as specified in ACI 318(M)-11.
The requirement of the Project Specification in general would be satisfied by
considering the specifications of ACI 318(M)-11. In any case, the design should
prevent the possibility of failure due to shear, and other non-ductile failure modes.
All liquid retaining structure shall be designed in accordance with BS 8007 or ACI
350.3-06. All joints will be provide with water stops. Suitable water proofing for
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liquid retaining structures will be done.
5.1 Strength Reduction Factors
The φ factors in USD method for structural concrete shall be used as per
following provisions in Section 9.3 of ACI 318(M)-11.
▪ Flexure, without axial load : 0.90
▪ Axial load, and axial load with flexure
a) Axial tension, and axial tension with flexure : 0.90
b) Axial compression, and axial compression with flexure
Members with spiral reinforcement : 0.75
Other reinforced members : 0.65
▪ Shear and torsion : 0.75
▪ Bearing on concrete (except for post-tensioning anchorage zones) : 0.65
▪ Post-tensioned anchorage zones : 0.85
5.2 Friction Factors
The following coefficients for static friction shall be used for different material
combinations
▪ For steel on steel : 0.4
▪ For steel on concrete : 0.6
▪ For concrete on concrete : 0.7
▪ For concrete on soil :
a) for water proofing membrane laid under foundation : 0.3
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b) for other foundation : 0.6
5.3 Concrete Protection for Reinforcement
Min. Concrete Cover

Description
(mm)
Precast Concrete(onshore/offshore) 25/50
Slabs, internal 30
Slabs, external (exposed) 40
Internal walls, columns and beams 40
External walls, columns, beams and foundations (for water

50
proofing membrane laid under foundation)
Concrete subject to aggressive* conditions or for liquid
75
structures, foundations in touch with soil or backfilled
Reinforcement in slabs, columns and beams(offshore)
- Not permanently/intermittently submerged in sea water or
Exposed to sea water splashing, 50
- Permanently/intermittently submerged in sea water or

Exposed to sea water splashing 75
* Concrete exposed to alternate wetting / drying, in contact with soil, or
underground water, or exposed to abrasive action or subjected to corrosive
fumes
5.4 Minimum Reinforcement ( min )
Area of shrinkage and temperature reinforcement shall provide the ratio of
reinforcement area to gross concrete area. Therefore, the reinforcement shall be
set in gross concrete area.
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Slab As ≥ 0.0018Ag x (420/fy) ACI318(M)-11- 7.12
Beam & Girder As ≥ max{(0.25√f'c/fy) x bwd, (1.4/fy) x bwd} ACI318(M)-11- 10.5
Column 0.01 Ag ≤ As ≤ 0.08 Ag ACI318(M)-11- 10.9
Pedestal As ≥ 0.005 Ag ACI318(M)-11- 15.8
Wall ACI318(M)-11- 14.3
i) Bearing wall Not larger than T16 : 0.0012 Vertical
Others : 0.0015
Not larger than T16 : 0.0020 Horizontal
Others : 0.0025
ii) Shear wall 0.0025 Horizontal
max{0.0025+0.5(2.5-hw/lw)×(ρh-0.0025),0.0025} Vertical
where,
As = area of non-prestressed tension reinforcement
Ag = gross area of section
bw = web width
d = distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of tension reinforcement
hw = total height of wall from base to top
lw = horizontal length of wall
ρh = ratio of horizontal shear reinforcement area to gross concrete area of
vertical section
5.5 Crack Control
Crack width of outdoor reinforced concrete components, and of structures and
components subject to dry-wet cycles in ground and sea water conforming to ACI
224 R. In case of water retaining structures shall be accordance with BS 8007 or
ACI 350-06 and for all others conforming to ACI 224 R.
Concrete crack width calculation to satisfy the limits under service loads listed in
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the following table.
Exposure Conditions Crack width maximum limit (mm) Compliance
Moist Air, soil 0.3 ACI 224 R
Water-retaining 0.2 BS 8007
5.6 Deflection Control
Control of deflections is in accordance with ACI 318(M)-11, Section 9.5.
6 CIVIL WORK
6.1 Earthwork
6.1.1 Subsurface Investigation
A subsurface investigation and foundation study shall be performed. The report
shall provide specific foundation recommendations for the various plant facilities,
including recommendations for earthwork and temporary construction such as
excavations and dewatering.
6.1.2 Backfill
Foundations and structures shall be backfilled as shown on the drawings with
approved material compacted in layers by suitable equipment until optimum
stability has been obtained to the satisfaction.
Compacting shall be carried out with special care by means of pneumatic or
mechanical rollers or other compactors.
7 FOUNDATION
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7.1 Design Principle
All foundations shall be constructed in reinforced concrete.
Base size shall be determined such that working soil pressure shall not exceed
the allowable soil bearing pressure.
The total of combined loads for base size determination shall be assessed in
accordance with loading combination as shown in Section 4.13. For the
structural design of concrete base, the combined effects of loading combinations
shall be assessed as per loading combination shown in Section 4.13.
7.2 Foundation for small equipment
Foundations for small pumps, staircase, etc. may be placed on reinforced
concrete slabs or yard paving, provide that they are properly connected to the
slabs or paving and that cable trench locations are fixed. If required, slabs or
paving shall be strengthened locally.
7.3 Liquid-retaining structure
In addition to all other requirements for the design of structures, special
precautions shall be taken regarding the liquid tightness of liquid-retaining
structures, See BS 8007 or ACI 350-06 or DIN 1045 or other relevant standards.
All liquid-retaining structures shall be water tested under atmospheric conditions,
unless otherwise stated.
7.4 Factors of Safety
▪ Bearing capacity failure of the subsoil : 3.0
▪ Overturning : 1.5
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▪ Sliding : 1.5
▪ Buoyancy : 1.1
7.5 Settlement
The allowable limit of the settlement shall be specified to avoid harmful damages
for the superstructures. The following limit shall be taken into account for the
foundation design in general unless otherwise required by the mechanical design.
Limit of the Settlement in case of Elastic Settlement
Allowable Differential
Structure Type Maximum Allowable Settlement
settlement
Building &
Equipment 25mm 1/500
foundation
In case of the independent mat or raft foundation, which is less susceptible to the
damage caused by settlement, more allowance shall be given to the limitation
case by case, also taking the mechanical requirement into account. The above
value does not include the instantaneous settlement during the construction of
foundation itself. Allowable differential settlement for the large tank shall be
applied 1/300.
During the design phase, stricter limitations for settlement/differential settlement
will be adopted in case that the installed equipment/plant demand such
restrictions.
7.6 Shallow Foundation
Shallow foundation can be either footings or mats. They consist of reinforced
concrete slabs formed directly on a prepared soil base. Footings may be spread,
combined or continuous.
The allowable bearing pressures of shallow foundation shall be based on the site
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specific Soil Investigation and Geo-technical Report.
For foundations with high overturning moments, the foundation designs should
be based overturning moments, the foundation designs should be based on a
stress distribution of 100 percent compression on the underside of the base and
within the allowable bearing capacity of the soil.
7.7 Machine Foundation Subject to Dynamic
The design of the foundations for the turbines and other plant foundations
subject to dynamic loads shall be in accordance with DIN 4024 : Part 1 (1988)
“Machine Foundations” and CP 2012 : Part 1 “Foundations for reciprocating
machines”
The bearing pressure under foundations subject to dynamic loads shall not
exceed 60% and 90% of the safe ground bearing pressure during normal and
abnormal operating conditions respectively.
Foundations and structures supporting rotating machinery shall be so
proportioned that their natural frequency shall not fall within the range of 0.8 to
1.2 of the frequency of the machinery at normal operating.
Further for major rotating machinery such as steam & gas turbine generator, sea
water extraction pumps, the amplitude of foundation or structure during normal
operation shall not exceed the allowable amplitude specified by the machinery
manufacturer or following requirements shall be applicable:
The amplitude of vibration of rotating plant equipment when measured on the
bearing housings under steady state conditions at the designed operating
speeds shall not exceed the values given in the Zone B band of ISO 10816, and
shall be expected to achieve values within the Zone A band when new and
operating at the design point. For the vibration velocity on the bearing housing of
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rotating equipment, Zone B band of ISO 10816 shall be applied during the
manufacturer’s shop test and site test.
As for rotating equipment on floor slab, beams with rather large rigidity shall be
provided to support them where possible and vibration analysis will be performed
accordingly.
The above consideration may be omitted for centrifugal pumps and fans, and
other minor rotating machinery installed directly on concrete foundation provided
that the weight of foundation is not less than 3.0 times of the machinery weight.
The overall and differential settlement of foundations shall strictly adhere to the
plant manufacturer’s requirements.
Foundation for the turbines should be isolated and isolation joint shall be
provided Tank Foundation
Tanks that are supported on flexible foundations shall have a perimeter
reinforced concrete ring beam designed in accordance with API 650 to contain
the enclosed fill. The fill supporting the tank shall be capped with asphalt
concrete surfacing minimum 50mm thick.
7.8 Potable Water Reservoir
In case of pre-stressed concrete storage tanks, the following shall be provide the
design drawings and structural calculations, concrete works for the tank structure,
supply specialty tank materials, experienced construction supervision/quality
control personnel, utilize specialty pre-stressing equipment, and perform the
specialized pre-stressing and shotcreting for Four (4)-155, 132m3 AWWA D110
Type 1 circular pre-stressed concrete tanks.
7.8.1 Design Code
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The following codes and standards will be applied for the design of water
concrete reservoir.
▪ ACI 350-06 : Code Requirements for Environmental Engineering
Concrete Structures
▪ AWWA D110 Type 1 : Wire and Strand Wound, Circular Pre-stressed
Concrete Water Tank
7.9 Pedestals Height
Unless noted otherwise, the height of pedestals for small equipment within
building shall be designed minimum 0.2m above the finished floor and it will be
minimum 0.3m above ground level at top of grout in case of outdoor installation.
8 STEEL STRUCTURE
Steel structures shall be designed in accordance with ASD/LRFD method as
specified in AISC 14th edition.
8.1 Deflection of Beam and Girder
For all structures, the maximum deflection for flexural elements will be
documented in the design. Deflection criteria will consider the AISC “Manual of
Steel Construction, Commentary on the Specifications for Structural Steel
Buildings” and the AISC “Steel Design Guide” and BS 5950
The maximum allowable deflections for steel structures shall not exceed the
following values.
▪ Floor Steelwork
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Min. (span / 200, 10 mm) : for Steel open grid flooring and steel checkered
plate flooring
Span / 360 (240) : for beams under live (total) load
▪ Roof Steelwork
Span / 200 : for purlin & girder
Span / 360(240) : for roof truss under imposed (total) load
▪ Crane Girders
Span / 600 : for vertical deflection based on the maximum static wheel loads
Span / 400 : for horizontal deflection due to surge and calculated on top
flange properties only
▪ Column
Height / 200 : for lateral deflection of bracing system at the column end
nodes
Height / 120 : for lateral deflection of moment resisting system at the column
end nodes
▪ Piperack
Deflection of beams shall be limited to 1 / 160 of their span.
Height / 200 : for lateral deflection of bracing system at the column end
nodes
Height / 120 : for lateral deflection of moment resisting system at the column
end nodes
8.2 Slenderness Ratio of Compression Members
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For members whose design is based on compressive force, the slenderness
ratio Kl/r preferably should not exceed 200. If this limit is exceeded, the allowable
stress shall not exceed the value obtained from Equation (E2-2) of AISC
specification. For members whose design is based on tensile force, the
slenderness ratio L/r preferably should not exceed 300.
8.3 Bolts
Bracing connections shall have a minimum of two M16 bolts. Miscellaneous
steelwork fitting fixings will have a minimum of two M12 bolts.
Minimum center to center distance of bolts shall be 3 times nominal diameter.
Minimum distance from the center of standard hole to the edge of the plates is
given below.
Unit : mm
Nominal diamete At rolled, automatic flame cut
At sheared edges
r of fastener sawn or milled edges
M12 21 16
M16 28 22
M20 34 26
M22 38 28
M24 44 30
M27 50 34
M30 54 38
8.4 Base Plate and Anchor Bolt
Column reaction forces resulting from the structural analysis shall be used for the
design of base plates and anchor bolts.
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9 STORM DRAINAGE
Storm water will be drained either by a network or by soakaway into the ground
through the gravel paving area
Rain water from the oily contaminated area will be led separately for treatment
and disposal through oil water separator.
The rain water drainage system will be designed for the maximum rainfall
intensity of 23.3mm/hour in 10 year storm frequency.
9.1 General Requirements
The gradients of the pipes are to correspond to the most favorable hydraulic
conditions, varying between 1:200 to 1:500.
9.2 Pipe Materials
Strom drainage pipe : PVC, UPVC & Concrete Pipes
9.3 Flow Quantity of Drainage
The peak rain water run off for drainage system shall be based on the following
rational formula.
∙ ∙
Q=
where,
Q : Quantity of run off (m3/sec)
C : Run off coefficient
I : Maximum design rainfall intensity
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A : Catchment’s area (hectare)
Character of Drainage Area Run off coefficient (C)
Roofs 0.75 ~ 0.95
Asphalt & concrete Paving 0.70 ~ 0.95
Hard shoulders to roads (not sealed) 0.5
Gravel Surfacing 0.1
Grass or Cultivated 0.5
Cutting slope 0.8
Unpaved Yard 0.1
9.4 Drain Design
Drain shall be designed for steady flow conditions and one-dimensional method
of analysis shall be used.
Manning’s formula shall be used to size the drain.
Q=A×V
V = 1/n × R2/3 × S1/2 (m/sec)
where,
Q : Flow in the pipe (m3/sec)
A : Cross sectional area of projected flow (m2)
V : Velocity of flow (m/s)
n : Manning’s roughness coefficient
P : Wetted perimeter (m)
R : Hydraulic radius, A/P (m)
S : Bed gradient
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10 ROAD PAVEMENT
10.1 General
Plant road shall be composed of asphalt pavement.
Main roads shall be double lane roads with 7.5m wide vehicle carriageway and
sub-roads shall have 6.0m wide vehicle carriageway.
Maximum road gradients shall not exceed 5 percent; However, road gradients of
maximum 8 percent value are acceptable in case of non-negative impact on
maintenance and/or operation or plant operation activities.
All roads shall be constructed between raised kerbs and graded to be soaked
away into gravel paving area.
The sub grade under all roads shall be compacted to min. 95 percent of the dry
density at optimum moisture content as determined by Test 13 of BS 1377.
10.2 Road pavement
Road pavement will be designed in accordance with AASHTO requirement.
10.3 Site Surfacing
10.3.1 Asphalt Concrete paving
Paved areas of the site shall consist of asphalt concrete (AC) paving on
aggregate base course over compacted sub-grade.
10.3.2 Concrete paving
Concrete paving shall be used for areas subject to high risks of fuel
spillage/leakage and min. 150mm thickness.
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10.3.3 Gravel paving
Gravel paving shall be constructed with 40mm maximum crushed rocks or
gravels of approved grading and quality, densely compacted to 75mm thickness.
If the gravel paving is applied as driveway, the surface shall be blinded with rock
chippings to form a reasonably smooth serviceable driveway.
11 ANALYSIS PROGRAM
Structure shall be analyzed as follows;
▪ SAP2000 (Computers & Structures Inc. America)
▪ STAAD Pro (Bentley America)
▪ MIDAS (MIDAS Soft Inc. Korea)
▪ PLAXIS (Plaxis, Netherlands)
▪ APILE (CivilTech America), LPILE (Ensoft Inc. America)
▪ XP-SWMM (XP solutions, Austria)
▪ CYPE
▪ METAL 3D
12 OFFSHORE STRUCTURE DESIGN
12.1 Bathymetry
Bathymetric information provided in the Bathymetric Survey Report shall be used.
12.2 Water Levels
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Highest Astronomical Tide (HAT) = QNHD +1.38 meters
Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT) = QNHD -1.17 meters
It shall be updated when the results of the Metocean Study and the Hydraulic
Study for this project becomes available
12.3 Design Wave
The design wave height is shall be confirmed by wave study.
12.4 Offshore Intake System
The intake system shall provide an uninterrupted supply of seawater to the plant
and shall be designed for the maximum water demand of the plant. The intake
system consists of offshore submerged intake head and intake pipes. The
seawater supply will be conveyed through the submerged intake head and
through the intake pipes buried below the seabed to the intake pump basin.
The intake head structure will be made of reinforced concrete.
The intake pipes will carry the sea water from the offshore intake head to a
forebay located upstream of the screens in the intake pump house.
Intake pipe material shall be Glass fiber Reinforced Plastic (GRP) pipes.
The GRP shall be designed, fabricated, inspected and tested in accordance with
AWWA C950 and AWWA M45. On-bottom stability of subsea pipeline will be
calculated in guidelines of DNV-RP-F109.
The maximum velocity in the intake pipes shall not exceed 3.0 m/s.
Manholes shall be provided along the intake pipes in order to allow inspection
and maintenance works by divers, as required
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12.5 Offshore Discharge System
The discharge system shall discharge effluent from the plant to the sea at an
offshore location, established based on a thermal-recirculation study.
Discharge pipe material shall be Glass fiber Reinforced Plastic (GRP) pipes.
The GRP shall be designed, fabricated, inspected and tested in accordance with
AWWA C950 and AWWA M45. On-bottom stability of subsea pipeline will be
calculated in guidelines of DNV-RP-F109.
As for the intake pipes, manholes shall also be provided every along the
discharge pipes in order to allow inspection and maintenance works by divers, as
required.
12.6 Rock Works
The discharge channel and intake pipes will be protected by rock armoured
structure. These structures shall be constructed with a rock armour layer placed
on top of an underlayer (if required) and graded rock core.
Area with high flow velocities will have a potential for scour especially if the bed
material consists of loose material like sand. To prevent scour around discharge
and intake structures, scour protection will be provided.
Rock armoured structure and scour protection will be designed in accordance
with CIRIA C683 and British Standard
12.7 Shoreline Protection and Dredging
12.7.1 Shoreline Protection
Shore protection is provided to protect the shoreline fill slope and the plant site
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from the erosive effects of wave action and run-up. The shore protection is
provided along the shoreline, covering the extent of the plant site.
The design overtopping limits are based on CIRIA C683 (2007) and EurOtop
(2007).
Stability of protection will be checked in accordance with CIRIA C683 and British
Standard.
12.7.2 Dredging
Stability of dredged slopes shall be determined in light of the results of the site-
specific geotechnical investigation. The dredged slope should be designed in
accordance with the recommendations of the British Standards. Both static and
seismic load conditions shall be considered. Liquefiable analyses shall be
undertaken to check if the in-situ material is susceptible to liquefaction.

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FOR CONSTRUCTION

2 For Construction 17 Nov. ‘15 Y.H. Eom Y.G.Choi H.T.Shin Chris.Choi

1 For Construction 15 Oct. ‘15 Y.H. Eom Y.G.Choi H.T.Shin Chris.Choi

0 For Construction 24 Sep. ‘15 Y.H. Eom Y.G.Choi H.T.Shin Chris.Choi

A For Approval 03 Jun. ‘15 Y.H. Eom Y.G.Choi H.T.Shin Chris.Choi

Rev Description Date Prepd Chkd Apprd Author

Design Criteria for Civil & Structural Works

(Vendor’s Original Document No.)

8 STEEL STRUCTURE .................................................................................. 34

present the design procedure/method, design parameters as well as material

standards and detail design of structures, foundations to be constructed for UMM

AL HOUL POWER IWPP Project.

years before significant repair or replacement of the main structural elements

and secondary structural elements/cladding. Applied corrosive protection system

underground system which shall be designed for 30 years.

The horizontal and vertical datum adopted in this project.

Description Reference System

1.3 Unit and Scale Ratios of Measurement

Unit of measurement in design shall be SI unit system unless otherwise specified

1.4 Standards and Codes

applicable American or British Standards and Codes, accepted International

supplemented by British codes.

▪ AISC : American Institute of Steel Construction

▪ ASTM : American Society of Testing and Materials

▪ ACI : American Concrete Institute

▪ ANSI : American National Standard Institute

▪ AWWA : American Water Works Association

▪ AWS : American Welding Society

▪ AASHTO : American Association of Highways and Transportation Officials

▪ NPC : National Plumbing Code

▪ ASCE : American Society of Civil Engineers

▪ PCA : Portland Cement Association

▪ NCMA : National Concrete Masonry Association

▪ OSHA : Occupational Safety & Health Administration

▪ API : American Petroleum Institute

▪ NAVFAC : NAVFAC Soil Mechanic Design Manual 7

▪ ISO : International Organization for Standardization

▪ BS CP : British Standard Code of Practice

Local Standards and Regulation

▪ CIRIA : Construction Industry Research and Information Association

▪ QCS : Qatar Construction Specification

Other Standards and References

▪ JIS : Japanese Industrial Standards

▪ DIN : Deutsche Industry Standards

▪ NFPA : National Fire Protection Association

▪ SSPC : Steel Structural Painting Council

▪ DNV : Det Norske Veritas

▪ Soakaway design BRE Digest365

the Qatar Construction Specification.

1.5 Environmental conditions

environmental conditions. The environmental conditions given in this document

are subject to change and shall be confirmed by the results of associated

surveys and studies.

1.5.1 Wind Speed

1 in 50 year 3 second gust speed at 10 m above ground level : 46m/s

Significant wave height, Hs : 2m

Wave period for 1 in 10 year wave, Tz : 5s

Wave period for 1 in 100 year wave, Tz : 7s

of the Hydraulic Study becomes available.

Significant Wave Heights

Seabed Elevation (m QNHD)

50 1.92 7.0 1.67 7.2 1.48 7.0 1.21 6.7

100 2.08 7.2 1.82 7.5 1.60 7.2 1.30 6.9