40 e0e0e0uvvuwvrvewrr err ~~ aa ahi. PRO/II Workbook GETTING STARTED PRO/Il with PROVISION Problems run with: Microsoft Windows 95 PRO/It 4.15 with PROVISION 2.05 Units of Measure: English Revision: 8/96PRO/II Workbook Copyright Notice Trademarks The software described in this workbook is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that agreement. Information in this docurnent is subject to change without notice. Simulation Sciences Inc. assumes no lability for any damage to ‘any hardware or software component or any loss of data that may occur as a result of the use of the information contained in this workbook. Copyright © 1997 Simulation Sciences Inc. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be copied and/or distributed without the express written permission of Simulation Sciences Inc., 601 Valencia Ave., Brea, CA 92823, USA. PRO/It is a registered mark of Simulation Sciences Inc. PROVISION is a trademark of Simulation Sciences Inc. ‘SIMSCI is a service mark of Simulation Sciences Inc. Windows and Excel are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. AutoCAD is a trademark of AutoDesk, Inc. Printed in the United States of America. '@@@eee@eeeeeeeeeeedeee@ @ @ GbTable of Contents Introducing the Pros — PRO/I and PROVISION ‘Welcome to PROVISION About this Workbook Installing and Launching PRO/It with PROVISION Exploring the PROVISION Environment Simulation Made Easy Simulation Basics Keyword Input Files Running PROVISION Viewing Flowsheet Contents Output Options in PROVISION Customizing PROVISION PROVISION Help Decades of Progress Exercises Appendix: Keyword Input Files for Problems Indexe5o5aceeouevoevevevuvevwrwyvryrrY* History of PRO/i PROM - The Calculational Engine oe rTP EpEann Introducing the Pros — PRO/I and PROVISION PROM is SIMSCI's latest flowsheet simulator, a product of four generations of development. Like its predecessors, PROMI is a steady-state heat and material balance simulator—only better. We upgraded the calculational engine of PROM and gave it a partner called PROVIs! PROVISION is a super-responsive interface that gives PROMI the flexibility of a true Windows™ environment. Together, PRO/M and PROVISION help you solve the widest range of industry applications with the greatest ease, SIMSCI designed its first flowsheet process simulator, SS1/100, after the distillation program SPOS. Marketed in 1974, SS1/100 had break-through capabilities for its time. In 1978, SIMSCI created the PROCESS simulation program. PROCESS expanded the component and thermodynamic databases. t added more unit operation calculations as well as flowsheet tools, like an optimizer and a ‘calculator which has in-line FORTRAN capabilities. This program made flowsheet simulators accessible, since it ran on nearly every mainframe and personal computer. Engineerfriendly terms became the standard for ‘keywords, and free-formatting made data input easier. Nevertheless, PROCESS eventually bowed to progress. Over time, the program’s limitations became clear: it had a rigid architecture; it ran in batch mode; it wasn’t interactive. ‘Tha’s when SIMSCI created PRO/T—the calculational engine of the nineties. It's easy to install on almost any computer. With a flexible tirchitecture, PROMI will adapt to the future, since there is no limit to the ‘number of components, streams, units and recycle loops it ean handle, With larger component databanks and enhanced thermodynamic data methods for chemical, refinery, and gas processing systems, PROMI gives ‘you more options than PROCESS ever could. PROM Advances Include: © A. state-of-the-art chemical distillation algorithm with reactive and electrolyte distillation capabilities PROMI WORKBOOK INTRODUCING THE PROS — PRO/II AND PROVISION ‘Gating Started with PROVISION and PRO/T Page 1PROVISION ~ Flexible and powerful refinery capabilities, including a flash- zone model, two types of thermosiphon reboilers, and multiple assay blending options Better regression and data management tools Solids-handling Modeling ability for electrolyte-hydrocarbon systems New modeling capabilities for reaction kinetics Advanced flowsheet sequencing capabilities And more, ‘With PROVISION, SIMSCI has opened PRO/t’s architecture to a true The Intuitive — Windows environment. The PROVISION interface displays your process Interface i wevisume | § recta ci] $ roe mercies |B Storie | f “Ginoows" : : ‘No ONES — aN Sonerines TUROTEAN you ra ENTIRE TERS? UE Danese AD TO UGE ro Gainer MEER Zenos, | ( lowsheet diagram with unprecedented clarity and flexibility. You can export your results to Excel™, AutoCAD™, and the Windows Clipboard, generating graphs, tables, charts, anything you need to identify trends, Data entry is simple, because your path toward a completed simulation is paved with helpful colors. The color-coded forms prompt you to give information whenever an input is essential. You immediately recognize the message the colors convey—red for alert: entry required—yellow for caution: questionable entry—since they're designed after everyday symbols. As the simulation progresses, individual units change color too, giving you the running status of your simulation. Red, for example, tells you the unit operation has not been solved. tionally, you can resize both the windows and the process flowsheet diagram while your simulation is running. The interactive flowsheet calculations allow you to interrupt, modify, and continue without restarting the problem from the beginning, saving you plenty of time, PROVISION caters to experts and novices alike, by providing all the power required by the expert without confusing the novice. With Context-sensitive help and an intuitive interface, you can leam PROVISION quickly, But PROVISION remains loyal to the keyword user, allowing you to import and export keyword input files. This helps us help you. When you need INTRODUCING THE PROS — PRO/I AND PROVISION PRAM WARKROOK ‘@eoeooeooenaoenaoeoeaeaeeaeeeeeeee ©eeseeesu0u000uvuuvzerrrrrrr ~~ An Active Tradition at SIMSCI technical support, SIMSCI engineers can reproduce your exact problem with keywords without retracing all your graphical steps. Or when you need further computations, you can save the concise text of keywords as @ backup and quickly reconstruct the flowsheet. Compatibility is ensured. PROvision Advances Include: © Online help with hypertext jumps into the reference manual © Short leaming curve because of its easy-to-remember color scheme © A true 32-bit Windows-based application © Graphical output—phase envelopes, assay curves, and more © Interactive execution © Flash hotkey to quickly determine feed stream phase compositions © Ability to export stream property tables to Excel or other spreadsheet programs © Ability to export PFD data into AutoCAD's “.DXF” format ‘© Flowshect printing on multiple pages © And more. ‘This inclusive range of features enables your company to use one simulator for all phases of business. SIMSCI products have a proven track record around the world. By consistently taking the lead, our programs have become the industry standard. Research and development are only half the job. We at SIMSCT are firmly committed to helping you—our client, A team of engineers stands by, to field questions, to offer suggestions, to help you produce optimal results with your SIMSCI software. In fact, we like your calls because customer feedback has traditionally been part of our product research. ‘That tradition continues. New features like rate-limited distillation and concentrated electrolytes are in the SIMSCI think tank, undergoing research, development, and quality assurance before they reach you. For now, we hope you work with the pros—PRO/I and PROVISION— today’s intuitive team in simulation software. PROM WORKBOOK INTRODUCING THE PROS — PRO/II AND PROVISIONSS Welcome to PROVISION PROVISION is the interface partner to PRO/I. Based on a true Windows environment, PROVISION interacts with you, making even the most complex problems easy to simulate. The color-coded graphics of PROVISION guide you through all phases of your simulation. Exporting results is easy. When preparing essential reports you can directly export your simulation data to spreadsheets, word processors, and drafting tools. Simulations — PROvision provides a quick path to an optimal solution. are Easy with PROVISION mh etna syyrt‘Tocomertstion Your Data It’s If you know the Windows environment, you'll feel at home with Windows- — PROvision. All the standard Windows conventions are at your command: Based — menus, icons, buttons, dialog boxes, hotkeys, and a toolbar. And if you're Application! — new to Windows you'll soon learn why it’s easy to grasp this graphics- driven environment. To Jeam the basic skills please refer to the PROVISION Working in Windows Guide. Let the Colors — PROvision presents a unique feature: functional colors. Data entry is Guide You clementary, because your path toward a completed simulation is paved with helpful colors. Buttons, icons, edit fields, etc., are bordered in one of six colors, each with its own meaning. You will immediately recognize the message the colors convey because they represent everyday symbols. For WELCOME TO PROVISION PRO/I| WORKBOOK Page 4 Getting Started with PROVISION and PROMeee eooeoeoeg 9veurrr7rTrryTY* On-line Help Gives Youa Sense of Direction Generate or Import Keyword Input Files Export Your Results Run Your Simulation in Batch or Interactive Mode Custom-Build Your Process Environment instance, red alerts you to a required entry and yellow cautions you about a questionable entry. As the simulation executes, the individual units will change color, giving you the running status of your simulation. For example, red tells you the unit operation failed to solve. Blue signals success; the unit is solved. If you encounter trouble, PROVISION offers instant on-line help. The Help window gives you insight on both window features and PRO/M technical terms. The hypertext capabilities get you information quickly. Through pop-up definitions, Help points you to references that give equations, Giagrams, and examples of engineering concepts. Jump terms define a selected subject in greater detail, and the Search feature allows you to enter a word and jump to the topic. Of all the Help avenues, nothing is easier than contexi-sensitive Help, which takes you from a question to an answer at the click of a button. PROVISION remains Joyal to the keyword user, allowing you to build a simulation from your old files without losing time to reconstruction, When you need technical support, SIMSCI engineers can reproduce your problem through keywords, instead of retracing all your graphical steps You can save the concise text of keywords as a backup and quickly rebuild the flowsheet if necessary. Consistency ensures compatibility. With PROVISION you can directly export to a broad range of applications, shaping results into graphs, reports, charts, practically anything you need to quickly determine whether you're meeting the right specifications and conditions. This enables you to present your results to project managers, clients, or co-workers in a polished report. If you are building a new simulation, the interactive mode is indispensable. Color codes inform you as to whether your unit operations are solving. If they're not, you can stop the simulation in the middle of a calculation and change it, isolating errors one at a time. For quick minor changes to an cxisting simulation, batch mode is your best bet. Just edit the file, choose the Run Batch option and the simulation goes. No further interaction is required. In fact, you can line up a list of simulations and leave the room. PROVISION will calculate them one after another. Customizing your process tools like labels, stream property tables, and jcons is routine now. In PROVISION you can tailor the global units of measure to fit your company standards. You can customize or define your ‘own stream property tables. If you don’t need a comprehensive list or if you require more descriptions, you can create your own property lis. IC WELCOME TO PROVISIONYou can specify an icon symbol that best resembles the units in your particular process, With a prompt-request feature, you can rename units and streams as they are introduced to the PFD. Or you can modify the global labeling to satisfy your company defaults. Easy to Read in addition to the powerful on-line Help, we provide you with several Documentation _ teference options: Lear how to install PROM with => The PROM with PROVISION PROvision on your computer Installation Guide Quickly learn the basics of PROM With > ‘The PROM with PROVISION Quick PROVISION. Reference Card ‘Obiain information on suppor services <> The Guide 10 Customer Support and offered Service ‘Quickly learn the basics of Windows = The PROVISION Working in Windows Guide Quickdy team how to simulate a simple <> The PROM with PROVISION Tuiorial flowsheet using PROM with Guide PROvision ‘Obiain detailed information onthe >The PROM with PROVISION User's capabilities and use of PROM with Guide PROvision Obtain basi information on the > Ondine Help calculation methods used in PROM Read more detailed informationon > _The PROM" Reference Manual the calculation methods used in PROM ‘Sce simulation examples for efinery, > The PROM Application Briefs Manual chemical, solids processing, petro- chemical, and electrolyte applications ‘Read detailed information on keyword <> The PROM Keyword Input Manual options Our Customer All SIMSCI products are backed by a team of engineers, working Service Works specifically to help you. We offer training, documentation, and technical with You support when you need it. For more information contact your local SIMSCI office. WELCOME TO PROVISION PRO/II WORKBOOK Page 6 Getting Started with PROvIsiON and PRONeee 8 Geagaedeweorerrv ss pS ES SESS About this Workbook Philosophy ‘This workbook is meant to complement SIMSCI’s PROVISION training class. Since much of the class time is dedicated to hands-on problem solving, we will not go through the document page by page. The workbook does, however, follow the class sequence, and you may want to jot notes in the margin. It also contains the problems you will be solving during the class. We strongly recommend that you read this workbook from cover to cover once and then use it to refresh your memory later on. You are probably familiar with the adage: Give a man a fish and he eats for a day—teach him how to fish and he eats for a lifetime. SIMSCI's ‘raining philosophy is to teach you how to fish, With a program as comprehensive as PROVISION, there is no way we can show you even a fraction of its features in the time constraints of a class. Instead, we will show you a strategy for building and solving flowsheets. We call it “Simulation Made Easy.” It applies to all problems—from single unit flowsheets to entire refiners. We believe that hands-on experience is an excellent way to learn, so you will have plenty of opportunity to practice. The problems you will solve Guring class are interspersed throughout this workbook, They have been selected to familiarize you with a wide variety of unit operations and with several of PROVISION’s time-saving features. ‘The first problem is provided for you; simply run it and get a feel for how PROVISION simplifies process simulation. The next few problems require you to modify existing flowsheets and to build simple flowsheets from Scratch. This workbook contains detailed, step-by-step instructions for the initial problems. As you progress towards the more complex problems the instructions are given in less detail because you will be better acquainted with PROVISION. By the end of the workbook, you will have simulated plants containing distillation columns, recycle loops, reactors, and much more, Table 1 outlines the class problems contained in this workbook. You will find the keyword input files for the problems and exercises in the Appendix. SnO/l WORKBOOK ‘ABOUT THIS WORKBOOKTable Coole Number Title Prt Refrigeration Loop: Part 1 Description Example problem provides a quick tour of PROVsION's key features. Refrigeration Loop: Pant 2 Rearrange previous problem, Add component, stream, and unit data, Pr.3_| Chiller Plant: Pan Build a simple flowsheet trom scratch, Pr.4 | Chiller Plant: Pan 2 ‘Add more process units to chiller plant and create a thermal recycle. Pr.5 | Chiller Plant: Pans Use @ CONTROLLER to impose a difficult specification on a heat exchanger. Pr. | Chillor Plant: Pan 4 ‘Add a distillation column to chiller plant, Pr.7 | Chiller Plant: Pan 6 Import a keyword input fle with unsupported PROM features, Pr.8 | Chiller Piant: Pan 6 ‘Simulate a distillation colurmn train, Pr.9 | Customizing PROMsON | Greate a custom units of measure set, and STREAM PROPERTY TABLE. Change default unit labeling. GP.1 [Different Help Routes Learn about different routes to information, GP.2__| Problem solving with Help | Use Hep to get technical information on recycle loops and compressors, Ex.1__| Two Stage Compressor _| Simulate a two stage compressor x2 | Debutanizer ‘Simulate a debutanizer column. includes an assay stream. x.3 | Cyciohoxane Plant Solve the mass balance for a reactor in recycle. Ez igorous Heat Exchanger Pr=Problom GP. = Guided Practoe Ex —Pi= Problem _GP. = Guided Practice Ex. Exeroise Fate a rigorous heat exchanger Bre Conventions — Before you begin this workbook, you should be aware of several conventions. Workbook Conventions: * Text written in the SMALLCAPS style is used to denote PROVISION unit operation names. These items appear on PROvISION’s PED palette. For example, FLASH, OPTIMIZER, COMPRESSOR, and STREAM PROPERTY TABLE. Italicized text denotes items, exactly as they appear in windows or menus. For example, File, Save As. Petroleum Correlations, and Composition Defined. * Text in <> brackets indicates keyboard strokes. ‘ABOUT THIS WORKBOOK Page 8 PROMI WORKBOOK Gettina Started with PROVeInn and PBAn© The icon indicates a cautionary note. Pay special attention to the text that follows. «The AE icon indicates a useful ip ora trick. PROvision Conventions: SIMSCI has made great efforts to ensure that PROVISION is compliant D D dD D D . D with Microsoft Windows. As a result, much of what follows should be D ® B S familiar to experienced Windows users. Workbook Terminology * Click, Push, Grab, Press, Highlight, or Select: Place the pointer on the item and press the left mouse button. © Double-click: Same as click except you press the left mouse button twice with only a very short pause between clicks. t © Open: To open a window or object, place the pointer on the object and click or double-click the mouse. 7" © Drag: Move the mouse while holding the left button down. PROVISION Features © “.2" Ellipses indicate items that, when sclected, bring up @ window, a dialog box, or another menu. See, for example, : the FLASH DRUM s [ati burton © Underlined letters indicate a keyboard shortcut. This is ilustrated in Figure 3. As with other Windows applications, pressing F opens the File menu. Pressing “N” from within this menu initializes a New file. benee 5 denote “linked text.” Clicking on an underlined word will ‘open a new window or dialog box. A good example of linked text appears in the Flash Drum window when you select Product Specificatio Parameter = value within the default tolerance Ifyou click on the word, “value”, for example, a dialog box will open that allows you to enter a number. © Underlined words that appear in one of PROVISION's Help screens are “jump text.” If you click on the underlined text, you will jump to that section of the Help documentation, 8 8 S ® ® e © Underlined words that appear within non-Help windows e e e € -_Warnings For example, if you click on the text, “Water Decant Options” in the Thermodynamics - General Information Help window, PROVISION immediately brings up the Water Decant Options Help screen. Dotted, underlined words that appear in PROVISION's Help screens pop-up a short definition window when pressed. ‘They differ from jump text in that they do not change the current Help window, they simply add an additional window to the screen. You can see an example of this by clicking on “Countercurrent” from the Heat Exchanger Configuration Help screen. Save your work often! PROVISION does not have an autosave feature, If certain words in PROVISION do not quite fit in their buttons, you may have to adjust your screen driver or change PROVISION’s default font. If your screen driver is in a “Large Font” mode, you should change it to the “Small Font” mode. If that doesn’t work, ty changing PROvision’s font through the Options menu. Times New Roman seems to work well. If you should encounter any of the following fatal errors: — Unhandled Exception (UE) = Global Protection Fault (GPF) — Heap Error you must exit Windows before restarting PROVISION. We also recommend that you run (from DOS) “CHKDSK /F”, ABO UT THIS WORKBOOK PRO/II WORKBOO!@. eee evuweev ee eee e08 & @ SS Installing and Launching PRO/i with PROVISION Installing You can install PROMI with PROVISION on your computer's hard disk from PRO/i with Sloppy disks by using the SIMSCI Setup program provided on disk one. PROVISION System PROM with PROVISION requires the following software and hardware: Requirements for PRO/u with operating System PROVISION Microprocessor Memory: ‘Conventional RAM Disk Cache Hard Disk Space Hard Drive Disk Drive Monitor Pointing Device MS-DOS version 5.0 or later Microsoft Windows version 8.1 or later in 986 enhanced mode Most IBM or compatible 486/Pentium machines with an INTEL math co-processor Minimum requirement - 486 33 MHz machine (486 50 MHz ‘machine recommended) “The WEITEK co-processor snot supported. 330 KB 16 MB machine required (82 MB recommended) 'SMARTDRV (or another disk cache) is not required, although it wil significantly improve performance. 113 MB available disk space required ‘+ 55 MB disk space for PROVISION 88 MB disk space for a Windows permanent swap fle required + 20 MB disk space for user simulation files (each simulation requires approximately 1 MB) Most standard hard drives, BERNOULLI external drives are acceptable. (One 8.5" high-density drive VGA or Super VGA ‘Any MicrosofVLogitech or compatible serial or parallel port mouse Printers, ‘Any printer supported by the Windows operating system Plotters HP or HP compatible ploters that recognize HPGL format files Prior to 1. Ensure that Microsoft Windows is installed. Installation 2. Check PC configuration files: CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT. (See examples on next page.) 3. Check virtual memory requirements for the Windows ‘operating system. (Discussed later in this section.) SAONI WORKBOOK TNSTALLING AND LAUNCHING PROMI WITH PROVISION4. Check hard disk space and/or run a defragmentation program to provide contiguous disk space for the permanent swap file. 5. Check security requirements. ‘The following sections will address these issues. PC Different versions of the files used below (HIMEM, EMM386, Configuration SMARTDRY, etc.) are provided to manage your system’s memory by both Examples DOS and Windows. DOS versions are used in the examples. The most recent version of these files should always be uséd and the progression for using these files is as follows: Windows 3.0 > DOS 5.0 «> Windows 3.1 > DOS 6.0/6.2 For DOS Users: DEVICE=C: \DOS\EMI386. EXE NOEMS DOS=HIGH, UNE SHELL=C:{DOS\COMMAND.COM /£:2048 /P FILES=60 BUFFERS=5/20 Required without a cache) AUTOEXEC.BAT FILE LORDRI C:(DOS\SMARTORV.EXE 2048 2048 PATH=C:\:C:\DOS;C: \RINDOWS PROMPD=$P5G LOADHT C+ \NOUSE\MOUSE. COM For QEMM Users: CONFIG.SYS FILE DEVICE=C: \QENGN\OEMNS86.S¥S RAN DEVICE=C: \QENM\LOADET. SYS ‘SHELL=C:\DOS\COMMAND.COM /E:2048 /P FILES=80 BUFFERS=5 (20 Required without a cache) AUTOEXECE, Cs \QENGE\COADHT C:\D0S\SMARTDRV.EXE 2048 2048, PATH=C: \;¢:\D0S;C: \WINDOWS PROMPT=$256 C:\QEMM\LOADET C: \MOUSE\MOUSE.COM Windows The Windows operating system uses what is known as virtual memory. Virtual Virtual memory is a combination of your computer’s available Memory — extended/expanded RAM memory and hard disk space. The Windows Requirements operating system prefers extended memory, although it can use expanded memory. The hard disk space is partitioned for Windows use by setting up a swap file, This swap file is set up from within Windows. INSTALLING AND LAUNCHING PRO/II WITH PROVISION PROMI WORKBOOK Page 12 Getting Started with PROVin and PRONcee Figur irual Memory Window PROVISION requires a swap file of at least 38 MB to provide sufficient viral memory/paging area. A swap file of this size should be permanent {as opposed to temporary) to prevent fragmenting of the disk space used by the swap file. A permanent swap file uses one contiguous section of the hard disk while a temporary swap file uses numerous available sections of the hard disk, As files are stored and deleted, over time, the hard disk becomes fragmented, This has no effect on @ permanent swap file, but a temporary swap file will be forced to use increasingly smaller sections of the hard disk. Fragmentation slows the speed at which Windows and PROVISION operate. Windows will recommend a swap file size when you change the virtual memory settings. If Windows recommends a swap file size smaller than 38, MB and you have plenty of disk space available, you will have to defragment your hard disk. Numerous products are available for defragmenting hard disks including MS-DOS 6.0 DEFRAG. To check or change your current swap file setting from Windows: Main 386 Enhanced ‘Open (double-click) the Open the Control Pane! Open the $86 Enhanced Main Window Window ‘Window Click on [iio Menon. ] The following window will appear displaying your current swap file setting: Current Settings Drive: C: 15.960 KB Type: Permanent (using BIOS) If the virtual memory setting is not permanent and at last 38 MB, click on {E62958]. Change the type to permanent and the size to at least 38 MB (38,912 KB) and click [& Windows will ask if you are sure you want to make this change and ask if you want to restart Windows. You must restart Windows for the change to take effect.Hardware Security Requirements Launching PROVISION owe 2: Wacame to ‘PROMSION Window Green Blue Yellow PROVISION requires the use of hardware security which consists of a black-cased Dallas Semiconductor unit and a button which fits into the unit, Each button is specially coded to allow use of PROVISION as well as any other SIMSCI software you have. The security device plugs directly into your computer’s parallel port, between the computer and printer cable (if present). ‘] To initiate 2 PROVISION session, double-click on the icon. A Welcome 10 PROVISION window appears describing how colors indicate data entry status: Roe) Beginner or expeit, process simulation with PROVISION i easy! If you are new to process simulation and would like a brief overview of PRO/II's PROVISION Interlace. then press: Oven The Quick Reference Catd and the PRO/II with PROVISION Tutorial Guide contain additional information on getting started. To cteate 2 new simulation, select File/New from the menu bat PROVISION uses colors to convey the status of input data. The following are samples of how colors are used to indicate data enty status: Data ot action is required 3 Detout dtr stion us may vee [7] cer sup dat, ety satistied Pr] Caution, usr supptied data ouside roma nits To bypass {or restore] this window for future PROVISION sessions. select Options/Welcome to PROVISION from the menu bar. Click |, then choose File from the menu bar. The menu shown in Figure 3 will appear. INSTALLING AND LAUNCHING PRO/Il WITH PROVISION PRO/II WORKBOOK Page 14 Getting Started with PROVISION and PROAFigure 3 Fie Menu Important Tips and Hints Open. Close Save lun Batch... Bint Initializes a now simulation __ opens an enoting (2eved) simulation (Goses an open simulation ‘Soves an open simulation ‘aves an ope simulation to a name of your choosing Deletee al files sesaciated with a simulation Save bs ae | Seeasic| cope fic ceed wth a silt (th Delete... oo Copy... oa | import. Pon ———— Bae ta to otereppctions ia ond ovtput) ‘Opens an eneting keyword input file | BunBatch.._|_ Rune PROG databace or Keyword np eo without graphice and without uoer interaction Print Setup —— Frinte your Rowshect or output rport fa — aa | ste PEOnsoH 1. PKZIPEXE and PKUNZIP.EXE are included in the SIMSCIPRON_W\USER directory. These utilities compress (zip) and decompress (unzip) files. 2. As a support tool, a batch file called PVCOPY.BAT is included in the SIMSCKPROI_WWUSER directory. It compresses and copies the four required input files to a -ZIP file. You can then send this single .ZIP file via electronic mail, modem, or diskette to SIMSCI Technical Support for assistance. 3, Within PROVISION you can open only one simulation at a time, 4, If you double-click on the PROVISION icon and get an “insufficient memory to run this application” message: © Close all iconized programs and attempt to launch PROVISION again. © Exit and re-enter Windows and attempt to launch PROVISION again. PRO/| WORKBOOK INSTALLING AND LAUNCHING PROMI WITH PROVISIONExploring the PROVISION Environment The visual engineering of PROVISION makes building a simulation easy. Functional colors, menu-graphics, and picture icons guide you nearly every step of the way. On-line references refresh your memory of equations and guidelines. And when you encounter trouble, Help is available when you need it The The main PROvisioN window, shown in Figure 4, is your primary PROVISION — workspace. This window forms the interface between you and the PRO/L Window — Program, where you will build and run all your simulations, as well as open files, save the current data, or exit the program, You will use all the Windows features like dialog boxes, list boxes, menus, and hotkeys. If you are unfamiliar with the Windows environment, please refer to the PROVISION Working in Windows Guide. Figure 4: Title bar Maximize button Common Parts ofa PFD Window 4 Minimize button Controlemenu box ‘ian bar 2 CUM Toolbar Ran palette Vertical scroll bar Serol button PFO palette Scroll Primary workspace State bat Horizontal ‘scroll bar EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PROV WORKBOOK Bano 1A : 7ee, eee eoe ese, ‘The PROVISION window includes the following components: Title Bar Contains the name of the current flowsheet. Menu Bar Contains the names of the command menus available. Toolbar Contains buttons that provide shortcuts for_many commonly used PROVISION operations. These include data entry window buttons, pan and go-to buttons, run function butlons, and PFD tool and drawing buttons. Primary The main workspace for the simulation, containing all the Workspace units and connecting streams. You can have multiple views of the primary workspace open at the same time. Scroll Bars A vertical scroll bar along the right side and a horizontal ‘scroll bar along the botiom of the window allow you to easily move vertically and horizontally through a window. Status Bar The bar at the bottom of the window that tells the primary function of the highlighted button or window. PFD Paletie The palette which you use to add unit operations and streams to your flowsheet. You can show or hide this palette and change its position on the screen. Run Palette The palette which you use to run your simulation interactively. You can show or hide this palette and cchange its position on the screen. Controkmenu A standard Windows feature that you can use to move, Box resize, or close the application window. Data Entry _ 1n addition to the main PROVISION window, you have many document or Windows in data entry windows available to you. These windows allow you to enter PROVISION data ina logical manner. Throughout this workbook, you will see examples of data entry windows. Within these windows, there are many different types of data entry devices including check boxes, radio buttons, and drop- down list boxes, Table 2 summarizes the types of data entry devices and their functions. — 2,eee Device Description Group Box TistBox Drop-down List Box —H Ce Bar w Fladio or Option Button © ‘Command or Push Button, Eat Feld [sa] Grids E Enoloses a group of related choices. An optional text label may be included. The group box border may be colored red to ingicate that user data is required in one of the choices in the group box. The ‘group box may also be grayed out to represent a set of unavailable options. Used to select one or more items from a scrolabe list. Used to select a single item trom a lst. The text field displays the ‘current selection. To change the selection, click the mouse on the ‘drop down arrow (known as the prompt button) tothe right of the textfield and highlight the new choice. Used for single or muttiple, non-scrollable selections and to represent items that can be either “on” or “off.” They are often Used when multiple selections of yesino (onJott) are required. The check box may be colored gray to indicate a disabled state. Used for single selections where only one of two or more selections can be active at atime. Performs an immediate action such as closing the current window, ‘0r opening new data entry window. Provides a range of acceptable values for a particular data entry field. You ate not permitted to enter an arbitrary value, Highlighted text that is used to input data in a sentence format, ‘A field for typing in either character or numeric data, Used to supply tabular data. The Menu Bar _ Directly below the title bar of the main PROVISION window you will find the main menu bar shown in Figure 5. It gives you easy access to the command menus. Many of the commands are also available through the icons on the toolbar. mouanservsor [File Edit lapat Output Tools Draw View Options Window: Help ‘EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PRO/l WORKBOOK Page 18 Gelting Started with PROVvision and PROM>ee eevee evvuegvsvnnavvnvuegseTT ‘Table 3 summarizes the menus and where you can find more details about their options within this workbook. Tne ‘Menu ‘Main Funetion(s) Where to Look for More Name Information File | Fite interactions: Open, Close, | Installing and Launching Save, Run Batch, etc. PROVISON Edit | Maniputate objects in the main | Viewing Flowsheet Contents window Tapat | Ade npt ata pong he PROVEON vermont Ouiput | Greate and extomize ouput | Oat Option in PROWSON castomang PRONE Tos | case PROWSON htkaye, Simian Bases (eq, flash hotkey which “lashes” a stream) Draw | Add text or shapes to the PFD_ | Output Options in PROvision View | Change the flowshest view. | Viewing Flowsheet Contents Options | Customize your working ‘Customizing PROvIsioN environment Window | Greate a new fiowsheet view. | Viewing Flowsheet Contents Change the active view. Help | Access one help functions | Getting Help in PROWSiON The Toolbar The toolbar appears just below the menu bar on the main PROVISION window. Using the mouse, you can initiate many actions by clicking the buttons on the toolbar. You have a choice of two different toolbars, the standard toolbar shown in Figure 6, and a compact toolbar, shown in Figure 7, for use with smaller computer screens. To change which toolbar you are using, select Toolbar from the View menu and highlight the toolbar of interest. Table 4 lists the icons on the PROVISION toolbar. Figure 6 pROvsION ‘Standard Toalbar Figura: PROWSION Toobar PRO/Ii WORKBOOK EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT i) ne i a =‘Table 4: The PROvision Toolbar Description Description ‘Open @ new flowsheet view. =] | Search tora stream in the current flowsheet. Hide or display the PFD palette. Flash the selected feed stream, Provide a problem description Create a BVLE plot. Select units of measure, Run the simulation, Select components. ‘Stop the simulation. Specify component data, View the results for a ‘selected unit or stream, eee enl Select thermodynamic methods. a Generate an output repor. ‘Specify assay cut point data and Delete the currently selected characterization methods. flowsheet abject Define reactions and provide heat of reaction, equilibrium, and kinetic data, Select calculation sequence. Zoom in oF out. aE) Display the entire flowsheet inthe main window. Specify recycle convergence ‘options. Zoom in on @ region of the flowsheet. Display the pan window. Redraw the screen. ‘Search for au flowsheet, inthe current Display help for the selected ‘object (main window only). PROVISION — PROviSION uses color cues to inform you of the status of your simulation. Brings Color — Colors are used to indicate: to Your PFD © Completeness of data supplied for units, streams, and overall simulation parameters * Real-time execution status of each of the unit operations. Tables 5 and 6 summarize the significance of the colors you'll encounter while working with PROVISION. EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PRO/l WORKBOOK‘Table 5: Color Significance for Data Entry Color Signi | Red Green Blue Yellow Gray Black Color Pale Green | Unit operation has not been calculated, Red Green Blue Magenta Dark Blue Rlequired data ‘Optional or default data Data you have supplied or modified ‘Questionable data: data value you supplied is outside the normal range. | te cusico the:nommel rengés = Data field not available to you Data entry not required = Stee Significance Unit operation has failed to solve, Unit operation is in the process of being calculate. ‘Unit operation has been solved. Unit operation is ata breakpoint. Unit operation was solved in a previous run. The PFD You add unit operations and streams to the flowsheet with the icons on the Palette PFD palette. You can show or hide the PFD palette using the PFD palette button on the standard toolbar. Figure 8 shows a simulation window with the PFD palette visible. rig SEE] vies a wo PPO Pate PFD paleste Sutton [| PFD palette PROMI WORKBOOK ‘EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT ‘Retin Started with PROVISION and PRO/ Page 21Many different types of unit operations and special utilities are available to you through the PFD palette, General Flowsheet Units: EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PROMI WORKBOOK Page 22 Getting Started with PROvsiOn and PRONControl and Optimization: S| ee Contaller Stream Utilities: The Run Using PROvision’s Run palette, you can: Palette «Run your simulation © View the convergence data View your simulation results for individual unit operations or streams. Figure 9 shows a simulation window with the Run palette available. You can access PROVISION’s interactive execution capabilities through the Run palette. ‘The Running PROVISION section of this workbook explores your running options. o ® a & ® e e ® : @ PRO/| WORKBOOK EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENTFrowe PED Wincow wih Aun Pate Run palette ‘EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT Page 24 PROMI WORKBOOK Getting Started with PROvisioN and PRO2B ProsLem 1: — You will now go through an existing simulation in PROVISION, see its main AGuivep Tour oF — windows, run a simulation, and gencrate some output summaries. PROvISION For this example, you will open an existing simulation file and explore it using the PROVISION window environment features. You will then run the simulation and review the output results. Step 1. Open an Existing Simulation. Using File Manager, or the equivalent, go to the TRAINING subdirectory (ypically CASIMSCNPROM_WWSERITRAINING). Double-click on the file TRNG_ENG.EXE. This will decompress the training files for this workbook. Select the Open... option from the File menu, Double-click on RLOOPLPRI in the list box. ‘The Process Flow Diagram (PFD) for RLOOPI.PR1 appears in the main window as shown in Figure 10. Depending on your screen size, you may need to push the [iM] button for the entire flowsheet to fit in your view window. ‘As mentioned previously, PROVISION uses color to represent the ongoing status of your simulation. In this example the borders of the icons on the toolbar are blue or green and the borders around the stream and unit labels are black. This means that the simulation already has satisfactory data. Figure 10: Process Flow Fs| fie: Eat tnput_Ouput Dagan Tei hele lich ece0@e08 @ PROM WORKBOOK EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT eee Pane 25Step 2. & Prgure 1: Default Unt of ‘Measure for Probie ‘ata Input Window The Default Units of Measure Window. Click on the Units of Measure (UOM) button on the toolbar. Figure 11 shows the window that appears. PROM -Detslt Unis of Mens fr Problem Dats input —" on a Poste) —[3} Oey. tae (ie Fs) Wn: weoutmr (rnd tenet eatin GI) teat Voom Vl: Neat Th, Coan Spec tnatVolme [Cd ole/aatr wt] Fong Cece Within this window, you can define your input dimensional units. All of the input dialog boxes in PROVISION use this set of input dimensions as the default. However, you can locally override any of these dimensions when necessary by using the button on the toolbar of most data entry windows. Explore the list of dimensional unit choices for each parameter by clicking on the drop-down list box arrow [i& For example, you can change the default sclection for temperature from Fahrenheit to Kelvin, Celsius, or Rankine. Click [Stine] t0 close the window and cancel any changes made. Ti oS = You can set a global UOM set which will appear as the initial simulation default for your future PROVISION sessions. See the Customizing PROVISION section of this workbook for details, EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PRO/II WORKBOOK Page 26 Getting Started with PROsion and PROMevoea PO ewoeovnvnsnvuevewves Step 3. Figure 12: Component ‘Selecfon Window The Component Selection Window. Click on the Component Selection button on the toolbar. Figure 12 shows the window that appears. Lin of Sic Component fernane PRaPane ieurane surat ae) Cee Fara cane a ay z You use this window to select or enter the components for your flowsheet. The key features of this window are: ‘Component Selection Enter library, petroleum, and user-defined ‘components. You can select library ‘components from lists or by typing a ‘component name or alias in the component data entry field. List of Selected Components Displays the library components that you have selected and the petroleum and user-defined ‘components that you have entered. ‘The Component Selection window gives you quick access to over 1600 library components. In general, when you retrieve component data from one of its databanks, PRO/G will provide the component properties necessary to successfully complete your simulation For detailed information on component selection and definition, refer to either the PROVISION User's Guide or the PRO/ Workbook, Components and Streams. lick ' to close the window. PROM WORKBOOK EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENTStep 4. | The Thermodynamic Data Window. A Click on the Thermodynamic Data button on the toolbar. Figure 13 shows the window that appears. gure 13: eit 1: Ee Sau Selecion ol Pepe Calzuaon Satan caper Fy tate Deted Spee fan Cooma et ——) Stray Hebd esuacts Esse Eonttons a Sree Uteroded Netode contented ogusyacsten Hae EES From this window, you choose the thermodynamic methods for your simulation. Choosing the appropriate thermodynamic system is erudal for sehieving valid solution. The Key components o his window ae: Selection of Property Select a “Category” for a list of available Calculation System methods and then “ade the desired method to the Defined Systems ist Actions for Selected Property — Options include: Calculation System + Modtying a Defined System by overriding methods for ndivcual properties * Deleting a Defined System * Renaming a Defined System. Highlight a Category such as Most Commonly Used to sec the methods available. You will find a discussion on thermodynamic methods in the Simulation Basics section of this workbook. Refer to the PRO/I Reference Manual and the on-line Reference Manual within PROVISION for guidelines on selecting the appropriate thermodynamic method. Click to close the window. EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PRO/I] WORKBOOK Pave 28 Getting Started with PROVISION and PROMee2e0e0e08 9.0 8 , ee ee Step5. The Stream Data Window. Go to the PFD and double-click on stream 1 Figure 14 shows the window that appears. Figure 14 ‘Steam Data Window From Units AT Yount: vi 1B Supply tna Estimate fr Steom Dots 0 Peiloum Arar © Feterenced to Sea: Fig owste: Wn u-wOLM Fast Speciation: [femecmse (ja) Second Specification: (Frese 15] a) Ea eon oS Eg You use this window to enter your stream type and thermal condition. The key ‘components of this window are: ‘Supply nital Estimate for This check box appears only for inlemal Stream Data Check Box streams because stream data is optional in these cases. If data is supplied for a recycle stream, iis used as a starting point for the caloulations. ‘Stream Type Select how the stream will be defined: ‘« Interms of defined components © Interms of assay data «Referenced to another stream. ‘The default method is in terms of defined components or Composition Defined. Thermal Conaiition Specify the stream thermal condition. Two of three properties (lemperature, pressure, and phasefliquid fraction) must be set for complete specification. Because the refrigeration loop is a closed-loop system, an initial estimate for stream 1 must be supplied to execute the flowsheet. Sno/l WORKBOOK EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENTNote that the Composition Defined stream type is selected and click on Flomzate and Composition}, The Flowrate and Composition window appears as shown in Figure 15. gure 15: Flowrate and Compostton Window ‘Speci Hoi Nowate and conpestion fr sean T Fluid Float Specticaton © Total FhidFowote — [001]. wovan © individ Component Flomstes Component Tonposiion Male [ETRANT Toa] PROPANE 36.540] inuTaNe 76000] TOTANE T4000] CI Nommatze Component Flomates ated on Spectied Fad Yat 100m Eat War aon waa sarge ate You use this window to enter siream flowrate and composition data for Composition Defined teed streams. The key components of this window are: Fluid Fiowrate Specification Select whether you set the total flowrate as a specific value or as the sum of the individual ‘component fiowrates. Composition Table Contains the stream composition. Normalize Check Box Available if you specify a total flowrate value. Selecting this option normalizes the sum of the individual component rates to match the total rate. Click on in each of the two open windows to return to the PED without changing any data, EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PRO/I| WORKBOOK Page 80 Getting Started with PROvision and PROMStep 6. Unit Operations Windows. Return to the PFD and double-click on the COMPRESSOR unit h.. ‘The Compressor window appears as shown in Figure 16. "nan: Out Tempertue Estimate; [IF Pies, Wath 1 Head Speciation ciency 01 Temperature Speciation El Co immorecen Lew tat ‘erating Sneed ew Aefeonce Speed iP Nacmam Dutlt Pest pons 5 psa ee Aetaive Converoence Tolerance boro You use this window to enter process conditions for the COMPRESSOR unit: Product Phases Button ‘Assign product phases when there is more than one product stream. Calculational Method Button Select your calculational method, either GPSA Engineering Data Book or ASME Power Test Code 10. ‘Atter-cooler Button ‘Add an after-cooler to the COMPRESSOR unit in place of a separate HEAT EXCHANGER unit. Pressure, Work or Head Select the type (pressure, work, or head) of the Specitication first COMPRESSOR specification and either set its value or enter a curve. Efficiency or Temperature Select the type (efficiency or temperature) of Specification the second COMPRESSOR specification and either set its value or enter an efficiency curve. (0 return to the PFD without changing any data. PROM! WORKBOOK EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENTYou have now explored the major components for building a simulation: © Process Flow Diagram window © Default Units of Measure window © Component Selection window © Thermodynamic Data window * Stream Data window © Unit Operations windows. Step 7. Use the Flash Hotkey. Before running the simulation, flash stream 1 using the flash hotkey. ‘You can instantly flash any defined stream by selecting the stream and then clicking on the Flash Hotkey button on the toolbar. This will flash the selected stream at its specified thermal condition and produce the report shown in Table 7. ae ceed ‘TOPERATIRE, F 140.00, 140.00 PrESSimE, PIA 3ise0ais.e0 RS aa. BORG, wu /a-wot so1a.z205 331012908 ef, Bria e505, 505, - 2080000 00 2000 29388-2000 008 338-2008 2 > PROPANE 13654 3694 3 2 Hama oie ates 42 mae 3.400d8=03 3.400d6-03 Note that this stream is all liquid at the initial feed conditions. Close the report by selecting Exir from the File menu within the editor. EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PRO/ll WORKBOOK Pane 92 Gattinn Starter with Ewer ened BEPar ee OO 2 en Step 8. Figure 17 Rowson Window with PFD ang Messages Windows Run the Simulation. ‘ If the Run palette is not already visible, choose Palettes from the View menu and highlight the Run palette. Press [S=A0s=| to check for errors. [Disregard the warning about the control stream by clicking on in the Flowsheet Status window that appears.) From the View menu choose Messages. Then from the Window menu, choose either Tile Horizontally or Tile Vertically to tile your PFD and Messages windows. You can close or open the Messages window at any time using the View menu ox the Messages button on the Run palette. Press [_™=_] on the Run palette, of bon tne wootbar. ‘The simulation will begin executing. As the simulation progresses, the units on the PFD intermittently change color, indicating an iterative search for @ Solution to the problem. Refer back to Table 6 to correctly interpret the colors, ‘At the conclusion of the run, all units should be blue, and the Messages ‘window should indicate “PROBLEM SOLUTION REACHED” and “RUN COMPLETED - CASE SOLVED.” Figure 17 shows PROVISION with the PFD and Messages windows tiled horizontally. DOK EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENTStep 9. View the Results. One of the ways you can view the simulation results is by creating a STREAM PROPERTY TABLE, Choose Siream Property Table from the Output menu on the main menu bar. Click in the main workspace below the PFD to anchor the small table attached to the pointer. Double-click on this STREAM PROPERTY TABLE. ‘The Siream Property Table window appears as shown in Figure 18. Figure 18: Ma ac ‘Steam Propery CGA Tate Window Fine it 6b wd Tale Ape mene Sao Cit Row id tinee Lie Wan TER rare {stow Bode ony ode Wit: CER fees ea Rates Aton Matis Rone Cel Character With nae © tc Stns fas © te Fone Somes Shaan eae [3] sdsinnal ae] This window lets you select a STREAM PROPERTY TABLE so you can view your output results. The main components of this window are Property List to be Used Gives list of available table formats. The five lists shown are standard, but you can define formats as well. Table Appearance Gives display options for the STREAM PROPERTY TABLE. Stream Selection ‘Shows the streams that can be displayed as well as the streams that will bein the STREAM : PROPERTY TABLE. Select Short Property List from the list box in the top left-hand comer. Highlight streams 1 and 4 in the Available Streams list and click [Mid EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PRO/!| WORKBOOK Page 34 Getting Started with PROMSION and PRO/tTo finish, press (__0&__]. This will place you back in the main workspace. Kesize the STREAM PROPERTY TABLE. Your PFD should look similar to Figure 19. eae Ba @ eS [s a @ a Figure 18: ‘sveam Property “Tale on PFD s a es - 3 a Stream Name | Al 4 Temperature | F 140.000 43.610 Pressure PSIA 315.000 83.000 Flowrate LB-MOL/HR | 17871875 | 6016.626 Phase Liquid Vapor Step 10. Close the Simulation. Without saving it, close the simulation RLOOPI.PR1 through the File menu. OO % Note: It is important that you don’t save any changes you may have made because you will use this file in the next problem, PROM WORKBOOK EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT oH eee ‘Pans 2523 Prosiew2: In this example you will modify the refrigeration loop example from SKILL BULDER Problem 1 by: © Adding a component © Modifying the feed stream * Deleting a unit * Splitting the recycle loop © Adding a FLASH unit, Step 1. Name the Simulation. Use the previous problem (RLOOPI.PR1) as a basis for this problem. After re-opening RLOOP1.PRI, select Save As... from the File menu. Save the problem as RLOOP2.PR1. Step 2. Add the Component Pentane to the Flowsheet. Click on the Component Selection button on the toolbar. The Component Selection window appears. Add pentane to the list of components by typing PENTANE in the Component edit field and clicking on or pressing . Your List of Selected Components should look like Figure 20. Figure 20: Lis of Selected Components st of Selected feinane ‘Components for RLOOP2 Click on to exit the window and save the changes, EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PROM WORKBOOK Page 36 Getting Started with PROvision and PRO/t®, . ¥ 8 : a e a e ® * e Step 3. Figure 2 ‘Seam Flowrate and Gompositon Windom Step 4. Enter the Amount of Pentane in Stream 1. Go to the PFD and double-click on stream 1. The window for Stream Data appears. Click on The window for Flowrate and Composition appears. Enter the new compositions of IBUTANE, BUTANE, and PENTANE as shown in Figure 21. Use the Tab key to move down the entry fields. TARE UTARE TARE Cl Wowmaize Component Flmates ered on Speed Fad Flowate Exit this window and the Stream Data window by clicking [05] in each window. Delete Heat Exchanger H1. Select HEAT EXCHANGER H1 by clicking once on it. Press the Delete button on the toolbar or press on your keyboard. This deletes the heat exchanger and breaks the recycle loop. —___—____— EXP) ORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENTStep 5. Add a Flash Unit to the PFD after Compressor C1, If the PFD palette is not already visible, push the PFD Palette button to bring it up. Click on the FLASH icon on the PFD palette and note that a box and flash drum are now attached to the pointer. Click on the PFD where you wish to add the FLASH, Place it downstream from COMPRESSOR C1. Click on Stream 8 and drag it over until it touches the left side of the FLASH, Release the mouse button to connect the stream, Click on the Streams button at the top of the PFD palette and note that there is now en S on the pointer. Add a vapor product stream to the FLASH unit. Make sure the vapor product exits the top port of the FLASH by first clicking on the top exit port and then clicking away from the FLASH unit, Your PED should resemble Figure 22. Exit the stream building mode by clicking on the Streams button again, Figure 22: ocited PFO Yor LOOP? an Double-click on the new FLASH unit and the Flash Drum window appears. Enter a dew point flash with zero pressure drop. By default, the First Specification is zero Pressure Drop. For the Second ‘Specification choose the Unit Specification option and select Dew Point from the drop-down parameter list. The window should appear as shown in Figure 23 EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PROAl WORKBOOK Page 38 Gettina Started with PROwsion and PROWDia i | [ch Daina Renae Ho | [Oran Sus] nn ‘omni pn ee Sed © Unit Specification: © Product Specitcaton: Teoastos tetas (___F Pacodnteom mate: [0009] .8-HoL in eas Le Click (ZL to exit and save your data. Step 6. Run Your Simulation. To run the simulation, press the Run button on the toolbar, or press the button on the Run palette. ‘The units will change color to indicate the execution status. When all of the units are blue, the problem has been solved. Step7. View the Results. ‘After running the flowshieet, you may view the results for any stream os unit by highlighting it and pressing the View Results button. Alternatively, you can click on the unit or stream using the right mouse button and choose View Results from the menu that appears. For VALVE V1, you will get the report shown in Table 8. eee¢8809 0.6.9 G. re EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENToma ‘TEMPERATURE, 146.0 EOMALeY, sTU/ts-woL 265.7061 a26s 7062 cr mie F ou? ein (2 eta 3104216810 $7 pe Sis 5.3989, NOUR comosrrzexs 3 2 Hour conse aise ¢ 2 aoe 2.4000e-032.4n0de-03 $7 pore 2Tocooe-03 2en00e-e3 To generate the PRO/t output file (RLOOP2.OUT), go to the Ouput Menu and select Generate Report, or press the Generate Report button on the toolbar. You may also create a STREAM PROPERTY TABLE by following Step 9 of Problem 1. EXPLORING THE PROVISION ENVIRONMENT PRO/l WORKBOOK Page 40 Getting Started with PROVISION and PRONeo@eoeoeeeeneoeseansvwrerwrvwr"rr"yr ASSLT ET RE SESE Simulation Made Easy & Now you will Jean how to set up simulation problems, run them, and analyze the results with PROVISION. When setting up a simulation, you can supply problem data in a number of ways. The color codes in PROVISION alert you when data is required, marking the pathway towards a completed simulation. Because some options depend on other options, you should establish a routine, logical approach for entering the data. For instance, you cannot enter the stream composition or composition-based process specifications before declaring the components in the process. Or, you may want to change the input set of units of measure (UOM) before entering user~ defined components and streams. All calculations hinge on your choice of thermodynamic methods. View Results When using PROVISION to develop a PRO/I simulation, we recommend that you follow the steps shown above and outlined in the following: puita the PFD. Draw your process flow diagram (PED) by selecting and positioning the unit operations in the main window. Next, draw the feed and product streams for each unit. Often the product streams from one unit are feed streams to other units. Entering such streams connects the flowsheet together and establishes the transfer of information within the simulation, 2/ check the Input Units of Measure. ‘The English units of measure set is the default used throughout the simulation. You can change this set in the Default Units of Measure for Problem Data Input window, locally override individual dimensional units within data ————________—- “SIMULATION MADE EASYentry windows, or change the global default through the Options menu. Define the Components. You can directly define your components by typing their library component names, by selecting from lists of chemicals, or by entering user-defined and petroleum components. B setect the Thermodynamic Calculation Methods. For most problems you can choose a thermodynamic system from the list of Most Commonly Used thermodynamic methods. Selecting the proper thermodynamic methods is a critically important step in the solution of a simulation problem. >a} supply Data for the Feed and Recycle Streams. For each external feed stream and recycle estimate, supply the following stream data: flowrate, composition, and thermal condition. ‘Provide the Process Conditions. Supply the required process data for each unit icon on your flowsheet. Within the data entry windows for each unit operation, the color codes indicate which data you must supply and which data have default values, ‘Run the Simulation and View the Results, Before you try to execute the simulation, check that there are no red-bordered fields or red linked text. If all the borders are blue, green, or black on the ribbon bar buttons, unit operation labels, and stream labels, then you have supplied enough information to run the flowsheet. You can view your results in a variety of ways ranging from plots and output reports to pop-up windows with values for each stream and unit. ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY PROV WORKBOOK Page 42, Getting Started with PROvision and PROMeee e eee Gowers eee ss SS Fegure 24: ‘The Basic Sips in a PROWSION Simuiaion Figure 24 summarizes the steps above for building a flowsheet simulation with PROVISION. For more specifics on the detailed steps of building the PFD and entering data see Chapter 3 of the PROVISION User's Guide or step through the guided practice problem that follows. If you are accustomed to writing keyword input files, you may wish to follow a similar approach. Begin by defining the units of measure, filling in the components, and selecting the thermodynamics. Then draw the PFD and fill in the unit and stream data. “The next chapter gives more information about the concepts and basics of building a simulation. But first, follow the steps outlined in Problem 3 and you will build your own simulation from scratch! ea PROM WORKBOOK ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY Seer Pane 4323 PROBLEM 3: — Through guided practice, you will build a simulation of the process given in Tayi YourseLF Figure 25. This is part of a chiller plant typical in natural gas processing, In subsequent problems, you will add other sections of the plant to this simulation, Figure 25: Process Schematic for Fist Par of rier Plant Table 10: Feed Stream Data ‘Nitrogen | Carbon dioxide 16 Methane 725 Ethane 15 Propane 675 Butane 1.25 r-Butane 30 Pentane 0.55 n-Pentane 1.10 CEPLUS (Petro Component) 0.78 NaP=210°F API gravity = 73, Total Flowrate = 4 X 107 std vap ft'/day Temperature = 120°F Pressure = 205 psig ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY PROM WORKBOOK Page 44 Getting Started with PROvision and PRO!PeeoGoeeneues © RE ee alec oan Unit Description Data Da Scrubber ‘Temperature = 85°F Pressure = 203 psig o Compressor Outlet Pressure = 600 psig Adiabatic Efficiency = 72% Het Cooler Hotside: Process Stream Outlet Temperature = 110°F Pressure Drop = 5 psi Coldside: Unity Air Inlet Temperature = 80°F Outlet Temperature = 100°F D2 Knockout drum Adiabatic Flash Pa Pump Outiet Pressure = 550 psig Efficiency = 65% Create a New Simulation. Select the New... option under the File menu. Note that several buttons on the toolbar, including the Run button, Gi have red borders. When you have satisfied PROVISION’s input requirements all red borders will be gone. Build the Process Flow Diagram. If you don’t have the PFD palette visible, push the PFD Palette button to bring it up. Click on the appropriate unit icons on the PFD palette to draw the PFD. To select and position a unit, just click on its icon. A pointer with a box and flash drum attached appears which you can move to the main window. Click again when the unit is in position. In this manner, select and position the following units as shown in Figure 26: two FLASH DRUMS Lc] one COMPRESSOR onewmarexcranaen [FEE one rune PROMI WORKBOOK ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY SN a eee Pane 45Click on the red-bordered Streams button on the PFD palette. Note that the pointer now has an S attached to it. All available exit ports appear on each unit once you select the Streams button. Required exit ports are red and optional exit ports are green. Draw the streams on the flowsheet to connect the units. To place a stream, Pegg first tick on a unit exit port or away from all the units to begin the stream, Then click again on a feed port or away from all the units to end the stream. After your first click, only the available feed ports are shown in red or green. For more information see the PROVISION User's Guide and PROVISION Tutorial Guide. % Note: You can draw FLASH DRUM units with the liquid stream exiting the side port (liquid product) or the bottom port (water decant or second liquid). In this problem, the location of the liquid product stream is not critical. In systems containing water, however, the bottom exit port is assumed to be the water decant unless you change the product phases from within the Flash Drum data entry window. For more information on flashes, see the PRO/I Workbook, Phase Equilibrium Calculations, Figure 26 shows the completed PFD in PROVISION. Figure 26: = (Chiter Pant PFD After you finish entering the flowsheet, the labels of all the internal streams are black and the available ports of all the units are green. At this point, all the unit labels have red borders and the border of the feed stream label is also red becquse you must still add data. Note that the border of the Streams button is black, indicating that you have entered all necessary data for this function. To exit the stream connection mode, click the right mouse button, or click on the Streams button so that it turns gray, indicating that the mode is no longer active. Before continuing, save the simulation as CHILL1.PR1. ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY PROMI WORKBOOK Page 46 Getting Started with PROVISION and PRO/npeeves e® G86 6 69 GT FVVTee we @ Step 2. Modify the Input Units of Measure. er Click on the green-bordered UOM button on the toolbar. This problem uses modified English Units. Using the drop-down list boxes, set the pressure units to psig and the liquid volume units to U.S. gallons, Click [J to exit the window. Notice that the border of the UOM button is now blue indicating that you have modified the data. Step 3. Define shown in Table 10 by selecting them the Components. Click on the red-bordered Component Selection button on the toolbar. Posh [ Sit) [Seesiioalit, |. Emer the required library components in the order from the Hydrocarbon Lightends ‘Component Family list. Figure 27 shows the Lis/Search window in the process of being filled. You can select single components or a group of components before adding them to the component list. Nitrogen which is at the bottom of this list was entered first. Figure 27: LstSearen Window Select 2 Component Family ist for dieplay” View selected componente Oran hain Oteemet fmt High one ot | ne components Tor seictlon ‘To highlight and select a group of components, use the shift or control keys on the keyboard and then push the Add Components button. Return to the Component Selection window. Enter data for the petroleum component C6PLUS by clicking on [Rd In addition to its name, enter the NBP and gravity data shown in Table 10. PROMI WORKBOOK ‘SIMULATION MADE EASYStep 4. Figure 20: Transpon Properties Window Check to com) ‘transport properties Retum to the previous window by clicking [fa] Note that the Petroleum Component button and List of Selected Components box now have blue borders, Click [5 to exit the window. Select the Thermodynamic Method. Click on the red-bordered Thermodynamic Data button on the toolbar, First, select the Most Commonly Used Category, and then select Peng- (awis] Robinson as the Primary Method. Now, your method selection to the Defined Systems box. : To specify the transport property methods, click and then e821. Check the Compute Transport Properties option and Traisport Piopeities select Petroleum Correlations from the Transport System drop-down list box. Figure 28 shows how this window will appear once you have filled in the data, Select overall ‘aleulation method Ovetide Methods Vavor Viscosiy: Liauid Visca: Modify individual igi Thesmal Cndctviy. Suatace Tension ittoun Canela Click in each of the three windows to save the entered data, and return to the PFD window. ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY PRO/I| WORKBOOK Page 48 Getting Started with PROvsion and PROM calculation methods.@e0e@00008 06.60.06 Step 5. Figure 28: Convert Unis of Measure Wingow Define the External Feed Stream. Double-click on the feed stream S1. Change the stream label to INLET_GAS. Make sure that the Composition Defined stream type is selected. First, enter the stream’s thermal condition: © First Specification: Temperature 120°F © Second Specification: Pressure 205 psig Next, click on [Flowrate and Comy composition, Enter the total flowrate and Total Fluid Flowrate: 4 x 10” std ft'/day Note that you should locally override the vapor volume dimensional units. First, make sure that the pointer is in the fluid flowrate box, then click on in the upper Jeft-hand corner and change the basis to vapor volume and the units to ft? and days. Your window should look like Figure 29. Select the [-‘uete"| option to exit the window. EMM ‘Change LB-MOL/HR to FT3/DAY. Long descriptions Move to the composition table and enter the individual component mole percents as shown in Table 10. After entering the composition data, check that the total equals 100, Click on to exit both windows and get back to the PFD window. ‘You do not need to enter any streams other than the INLET_GAS stream (the external feed stream to the process) because PROMI calculates the others for you, based on your process conditions. PROMl WORKBOOK ‘SIMULATION MADE EASYStep 6. Figure 30: oat Exchanger wincow Enter Operating Conditions for Each Unit Operation. Double-click on each unit in turn and enter the required data including the unit i identifier as shown in Table 11: FLASH D-1 (an isothermal flash) COMPRESSOR C-1 HEAT EXCHANGER HX-1 (air cooler) FLASH D-2 (an adiabatic flash) PuMp P-1." ‘The Heat Exchanger window is shown in Figure 30. OEE Pressure Drop: [sivas ‘Thermodynamic System eto Prony [Enters Reape aS a Note: By default, the horizontal stream is the hot side and the vertical stream is the cold side. For the current simulation this means that the utility stream is the cold side. You would use this window to change the stream definitions if the reverse were true. Pushing in the Heat Exchanger window gives you the Specifications window. Figure 31 shows how this window looks once you have entered the specifications. ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY Page 50 PRO/I| WORKBOOK Getting Started with PROVISION and PRO/wFigure Miners eat Exchanger ul Pam ig Ds is Hes ‘Specifications Window ES Speczten vate ry Relative Tolerance: se oe vate Cwm Morini Allowable UA: pruane | Once you return to the Heat Exchanger window by clicking (9) you can add the utility stream data by pushing to access the Cold Side Utility window. Figure 32 shows the window once you have entered the data. » ure 2: umyamece (a itn | Maite Heo hs = LSS > Ue ii fr col se s Uy Te wate: Inlet Tenperatue: [60.00] F . Ori ‘utter Tenperatne: [100.0]° a ee re O Presse: | sig Ss O Temperstne mel aes ® ® Close the Heat Exchanger windows and continue adding your unit ® operation specifications. Figure 33 shows the Pump window once you enter the pressure and 9 efficiency data. cd PRO/I| WORKBOOK SIMULATION MADE EASYFigure 33: Purp Window Step 7. Be ni: [Pa Deserntion | Themodynanic System: [Detaut PROT —— [3] Pressure Specific ation © Outlet Pressine: Ea ee © Pressure Rise: ef PSI £5.00] Percent O Pressure Ratios” Enter the pomp oni data At this point there should not be any red borders on the flowsheet. All stream and unit labels should have black borders. If any of the unit or stream labels have red borders, click on them and check the data. Save the simulation before continuing. Run the Simulation and View the Results. Run the simulation. Sequentially, cach unit should turn green and then blue, indicating that it has solved. To view your results, highlight PMP P-1 and push the View Results button. Do the same for stream $5, the outlet stream for HEAT EXCHANGER HX-1. Table 12 shows the report for PUMP P-1 and Table 13 shows the report for stream $5. Table 12: Pump Report ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY PROMI WORKBOOK Page 52 Getting Started with PROVSiON and PROMre kun hinlsaks ssrnen 155° 20am rae, wou yous. 5466 e.g a7 yaa 2306 50915633 4.177ap-023.76908-03 Close the simulation. You will use this simulation as a basis for the next problem. ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY23 Proptem 4: Continue to build the chiller plant you started in Problem 3. Since you MORE PRACTICE already added the UOM, components, and feed stream data in that problem, you won't need to add this data again. Figure 34 shows the Process schematic for this problem. The portion of the flowsheet that you entered in Problem 3 is gray, while the new units and streams you are adding are black. Table 14 gives the equipment data and operating conditions for the new process units, owe Process Samat othe rat or chiter Pat Data re | GestoGas | Howigar aPrs per Exchanger | Calgsie: ab 2 oe Approach Temp (FICO) = 10°F 3 | Propane chiter | Hotsile: Outet Temp =-159F P= pal Cole: Propane eigerant saturated ig a 25°F Cold Separator | _Asabate Saparaton ave Outet Pressure = 245 pig Step1. Open the Existing Simulation. Select the Open... option under the File menu, Use the previous problem, CHILLI.PR1 as the basis for this problem. Select Save As... from the File menu and save the problem as CHILL2.PR1. Step 2. . P 2 Add to the Process Flow Diagram. Add units HX-2, HX-3, D-3, and V-1 to the Flowsheet as illustrated in Figure 34, SIMULATION MADE EASY PRO/| WORKBOOK Page 54 Getting Started with PROvision and PRO/’ » J d » d d > D: Step 3. S| 12) ta Simple HX Valve Connect the vapor product stream from D-2 to HX-2. Add the remaining streams to the flowshect. Enter Operating Conditions for Each New Unit Operation. Double-click on each unit in turn and enter the required data including the unit identifier as shown in Table 14: © HEATEXCHANGER HX-2 (Gas to Gas Exchanger) © HEATEXCHANGER HX-3 (Propane Chiller) * FLasu D-3 (Cold Separator) VALVE V-1 (Letdown Valve) Note: PRO/1's refrigerant utility, which you use for unit HX-3, considers only latent heat effects, so the refrigerant inlet and outlet conditions are a saturated liquid and a saturated vapor, respectively. ‘At this point there should not be any red borders on the flowsheet. All stream and unit labels should have black borders. If any of the unit or stream labels have red borders, double-click on them and check the data, Save the simulation before continuing. lps PROMI WORKBOOK ‘SIMULATION MADE EASYStep 4. Run the Simulation and View the Results. Gl Run the simulation. Highlight the cold separator overhead stream ($10), push the View Results button, and look at the thermal recycle rate. Table 15 shows the report. ein TDWPERATIRE, F ihe ROLESVIAR WEG aioe apraade EMALPY. sru/1- Wot es0.0ss7 90.0357 ite 20 on8 365188 S152 682 cena TiSeoseos Toseeae-os ‘As you can see, the stream's molar flowrate is 3434 Ib-moVfhr and the stream is all vapor. ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY PROMI WORKBOOK Page 56 aceGenerate an output report by pushing the Generate Report button or by choosing Generate Report from the Output menu. Find the flowrate of the refrigerant. Table 16 shows the HEAT EXCHANGER summary for HX-3. eee 399120.054 commnsnren, 25-4OL/a EMURARTON PRESSURE, P10 SMURATION TDIPERATIRE, F ‘As you can see, the refrigerant rate is 37715 lb/hr. You will use this rate as an initial estimate in Problem 5. % Note: The utility calculations for the heat exchanger are performed during output generation and cannot be viewed by pushing the View Results button, PAO WORKBOOK “SIMULATION MADE EASY.2B PROBLEMS: Suppose that the propane refrigerant for the last problem consists of a UsINGA mixture rather than pure propane and you want to determine the required CONTROLLER flowrate to maintain a hotside outlet temperature of -15°F. Since the HEAT EXCHANGER refrigerant utility in PROMI is designed for use with single components only, you will have to use a CONTROLLER to determine the new refrigerant flowrate, Table 17 contains the stream data for the mixed refrigerant. ure 5: Feedback Contoer ot 51 ‘he Propane Cher 8 9 be \ Temperature Propane 50 ~~. « Chiller ac Controller Flow CN AE OR LARC uti cu cl ream 50 Retti Component | St#@#m 50 Rettigerant “Thermal Condition: Pressure = 10.8 psig Saturated Liquid (Bubble point) Step 1. Open the Existing Simulation. Select the Open... option under the File menu. ‘Use the previous problem, CHILL2.PR1 as the basis for this problem. Select Save, As... from the File menu and save the problem as CHILL3,PRI. Step2. Modify the Process Flow Diagram. Add a CONTROLLER unit to the flowsheet. ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY PROMI WORKBOOK Page 58 - Getting Started with PROvision and PROMeoe @Coeeg0 8e=swrrvrvrwr~ ~ Remove the utility stream on HEAT EXCHANGER HX-3 by double-clicking on the unit and deactivating the check box for the utility stream. Gem] Add inlet and outlet streams to the cold side of HX-3. Name the inlet stream $50 and the outlet stream $51. Figure 36 shows the new PFD. Figure 96: Co PED for CHILLS t ty Contrler Step 3. Enter the Stream Data. Double-click on stream $50, Enter 37715 lb/hr (the propane refrigerant rate from the previous problem) as the initial flowrate for this stream, This flowrate will be varied by the CONTROLLER. Enter the composition data listed in Table 17, Define the thermal condition so that the stream is a saturated liquid at 10.8 psig. Step 4. Enter the New Operating Conditions. Change the specification for HEATEXCHANGER HX-3 so that the refrigerant is at its dew point. Click on and choose Cold Product Liquid Fraction, Set the value to 0.00. Double-click on the CONTROLLER. The Feedback Controller window appears as shown in Figure 37. —_—____—____- SIMULATION MADE EASYFigure 97 Feedback Contato Window Betore ‘Data Entry a deci 7 | mae sae win ein nena | ate. ie Te ate a one (Pit en tr Ea hon va ce pine ne ng va (0B Caetano na we Raced ett oe te Col Ve henge Within the Specification group box, click on the word Parameter. Choose the hotside outlet stzeam for HEAT EXCHANGER HX-3 (stream $9) as the stream t Choose Enter -1 'o specify. Click on the word Parameter in the Parameter window. Temperature and return to the Feedback Controller window. '5°F as the value of the hotside outlet temperature. In the Variable group box, click on the word Parameter. Choose the coldside Parameter inlet stream (stream $50) as the stream to vary. Click on the word ‘er in the Parameter window and choose Flowrate as the variable. Return to the Feedback Controller window. It should now look like Figure 38. Do not change the Limits and Step Sizes for this problem. Prgure 38: Feedback Controller Window Aitor ‘Data Entry OM -Feedback Center [i ese accents overnee san] ieevunven vant ae Crease oes aimnavam ofR5 tana Sees eas ent aed ai Cala Cage Close the Feedback Controller window. ‘SIMULATION MADE EASY Page 60 PROMI WORKBOOK Getting Started with PROviIsion and PROMee O8ee FFT VTFwvFeVFTZTVZY Save the simulation before continuing. Step 5. Run the Simulation and View the Results. Run the simulation, If at the end of the simulation there are any red units Ge., a solution was not reached for that unit) check your operating conditions and run the simulation again. Create a STREAM PROPERTY TABLE for stream S50 with the Stream Summary list selected. A portion of this table is shown in Figure 39. Compare the quantity of refrigerant required to that obtained in Problem 4. Why are the results different? ure 29: ‘seam Summary Table ‘Stream Name 850 ‘Stream Dascrption Frese Tau Total Steam | Rae TBMOUHA | 864.080 LHR ‘7421 65 Std, Lig. Rate GAUHR 899.483 Temperature F 25.008 Pressure PSIG 10.800 Movecuiar Weight 43.18 Entnalpy MM TUR 1.280 BTULE 33.681 ole Fraction Livia 3.0000 ‘Reduced Temperature 0.6555 Reduced Pressure o.oat2 0517 14778 ‘Sid Liquid Density | LBVGAL 4.205 ‘Sp. Graviy soe API Gravity 149.056 Tau Fale TSMOUHA Be4.080 LBHR 37421465 GAUHR 7541-830 Molecular Weight 43.816 Enthalpy prune 93.681 cp BTULBF osat Density LBIGAL arr ‘Surface Tension DYNEICM 12.6001 “Th. Conduetity BTUMRT-F | 0.08999 Viscosty or 0.16988 Wid aerate “SIMULATION MADE EASYSimulation Basics Simulation is a tool which allows you as an engineer to perform your job more effectively, whether you are designing a new process or analyzing an existing one. The speed of a simulator allows you to investigate more alternatives in a given time period than if you perform the calculations by hand. Furthermore, you can automate flowsheet calculations to avoid repetitive or trial-and-error calculations. For example, you can use a simulation model to see how a plant responds to varying operating conditions or feedstock qualities. This is far more economical than running costly plant tests. Since simulators always access their own standardized databases, once you build a valid simulation model, any engineer can use it to produce consistent and accurate results. ‘The chemical process and design industries use simulators for: © Designing new operations «Retrofitting existing operations * Troubleshooting plant operations © Optimizing existing operations. When designing new operations, you can analyze more cases using a simulator; thus, you can generate a better design. When retrofitting an existing operation, you can use a simulator to predict how the plant would respond if the feed rate were changed or if an existing piece of equipment were used in a different service. As a troubleshooting tool, simulators help identify bottlenecks and perform energy conservation studies. With the aid of a simulator, you can optimize processes to increase profit andior lower operating costs. The ability to accurately predict plant operations with a good PRO/ simulation model makes it an invaluable engineering tool. In order to build an effective simulation model, you must have specific goals in mind. Sometimes the most basic question, “Is this model necessary?” is never addressed. The first step in any simulation is to quantify the goals as much as possible. Oftentimes, satisfaction with the results depends on asking the right questions. Before you start your computer, ask yourself: © What am I tying to do? © Why isa simulator being used? © What will the simulation accomplish? ‘SIMULATION BASICS PROMI WORKBOOK Page 62 Getting Started with PROvIsION and PROM