Projection of Points

ME 111: Engineering Graphics

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Indian Institution of Technology Dharwad

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Quadrants

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Orthographic Projections

Ortho Right angle

Orthographic Right angled drawing
When the projectors are perpendicular to the plane on
which the projection is obtained, it is known as
orthographic projection

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First Angle Projection: First Quadrant

V.P. and H.P. - Principal planes of projection

Projection on VP - Front view; Projection on HP - Top view
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Orthographic Projection Fundamentals
Defining six principal views or orthographic

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Glass Box Approach

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Glass Box Approach: 3rd Angle Projection

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Glass Box Approach: 3rd Angle Projection

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Glass Box Approach: 3rd Angle Projection

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Glass Box Approach: 3rd Angle Projection

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Glass Box Approach

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Glass Box Approach

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First and Third Projection

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First and Third Projection
First angle projection Third angle projection
Object lies between the
observer and the planes of
projection
Front view comes above the
top view
Object is situated on or
above the horizontal plane
Planes of projection lie
between the object and
observer
Top view comes above the
front view
Object is situated on or
above the ground
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Auxiliary Planes

AVP is positioned on right side of VP to obtain the left side view

AVP is positioned on left side of VP to obtain the right side view
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Projection of Points

A Solid is formed by three dimensions: length, breadth and

height.
If one of the dimensions is made zero, we get 2-D Plane
Surface
If one more dimension is also reduced to zero, we get a Line
If the remaining dimension is also removed, we get a Point

A point can be in any one of the quadrants:

First quadrant
Second quadrant
Third quadrant
Fourth quadrant

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Point in First Quadrant

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Point in Third Quadrant

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Point in Second Quadrant

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Point in Fourth Quadrant

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Projection in Points

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Projection in Points

Projector The line joining the front view and the top view of a
point. It is perpendicular to XY.
Point above H.P. front view is above XY
Point below H.P. front view is below XY
Point is in front of V.P. top view is below XY
Point is behind V.P. top view is above XY
Point in a reference plane its projection on the other reference
plane is in XY

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