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The LNM Institute of Information Technology

Department of Mathematics
Mathematics-1 & MTH102
Quiz-II

Time: 30 minutes Date: 01/11/2018 Maximum Marks: 10

1 Examine the existence of the limit of following function at (0, 0)



2x
, if (x, y) 6= (0, 0)

f (x, y) = x + x + y2
2
 0, if (x, y) = (0, 0).

[3]
Solution: Along x axis, that is y = 0
2x 2x
lim = lim 2
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + x + y2 x→0 x + x

2x 2
lim = lim = 2.
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + x + y2 x→0 x + 1

[1.5]
Along y axis, that is 0 = 0
2x 0
lim = lim 2
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 +x+y 2 y→0 y

2x
lim = lim 0 = 0.
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + x + y2 y→0

Limit is not unique or path dependent so Limit does not exist. [1.5]
p
3 For the function f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 , find directional derivatives in all possible directions at point (0, 0) (if it exists). [2]
Solution: Let u = (u1 , u2 ) be unit vector.

f (tu1 , tu2 ) − f (0, 0)


Du f (0, 0) = lim
t→0 t
p
t (u21 + u22 )
2
Du f (0, 0) = lim
t→0 t
[1]

|t|
Du f (0, 0) = lim .
t→0 t
Since
u21 + u22 = 1
Limit does not exist. Hence directional derivative does not exist. [1]

1
h i
2 Find iterated(repeated) limit, lim lim f (x, y) where f (x, y) is defined as
y→0 x→0

 x + y , if x 6= y
f (x, y) = x−y
 0, if x = y.

[2]
Solution: For y 6= 0, we compute lim f (x, y).
x→0
Since we are interested in computing limit as x → 0, for given any y 6= 0, our x will be such that |x| < |y|. Hence
x+y
f (x, y) = , for |x| < |y|.
x−y
This means
x+y 0+y
lim = = −1
x→0 x − y 0−y
h i
[1] Since for each y 6= 0, lim f (x, y) = −1, therefore lim lim f (x, y) = −1 [1]
x→0 y→0 x→0

4 Find all the points of local maxima and local minima for the function f (x, y) = x3 + y 3 − 3xy + 15. [3]
Solution: Since f is a polynomial function, hence the critical points of f are exactly those points where ∇f (x, y) = (0, 0).

fx = 3x2 − 3y = 0 =⇒ y = x2
fy = 3y 2 − 3x = 0 =⇒ y 2 = x
=⇒ (x2 )2 = x =⇒ x(x3 − 1) = 0 =⇒ x = 0, 1

So (0, 0) and (1, 1) are the only critical points of f . [1]

fxx = 6x, fyy = 6y, fxy = −3


∆f (x, y) = 36xy − 9
∆f (0, 0) = −9 < 0 =⇒ (0, 0) is a saddle point.
[1]
∆f (1, 1) = 36 − 9 > 0, fxx (1, 1) = 6 > 0 =⇒ (1, 1) is a point of local minimum.

[1]

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