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Department of Mathematics
Mathematics-1 & MTH102
Quiz-II
[3]
Solution: Along x axis, that is y = 0
2x 2x
lim = lim 2
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + x + y2 x→0 x + x
2x 2
lim = lim = 2.
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + x + y2 x→0 x + 1
[1.5]
Along y axis, that is 0 = 0
2x 0
lim = lim 2
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 +x+y 2 y→0 y
2x
lim = lim 0 = 0.
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + x + y2 y→0
Limit is not unique or path dependent so Limit does not exist. [1.5]
p
3 For the function f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 , find directional derivatives in all possible directions at point (0, 0) (if it exists). [2]
Solution: Let u = (u1 , u2 ) be unit vector.
|t|
Du f (0, 0) = lim .
t→0 t
Since
u21 + u22 = 1
Limit does not exist. Hence directional derivative does not exist. [1]
1
h i
2 Find iterated(repeated) limit, lim lim f (x, y) where f (x, y) is defined as
y→0 x→0
x + y , if x 6= y
f (x, y) = x−y
0, if x = y.
[2]
Solution: For y 6= 0, we compute lim f (x, y).
x→0
Since we are interested in computing limit as x → 0, for given any y 6= 0, our x will be such that |x| < |y|. Hence
x+y
f (x, y) = , for |x| < |y|.
x−y
This means
x+y 0+y
lim = = −1
x→0 x − y 0−y
h i
[1] Since for each y 6= 0, lim f (x, y) = −1, therefore lim lim f (x, y) = −1 [1]
x→0 y→0 x→0
4 Find all the points of local maxima and local minima for the function f (x, y) = x3 + y 3 − 3xy + 15. [3]
Solution: Since f is a polynomial function, hence the critical points of f are exactly those points where ∇f (x, y) = (0, 0).
fx = 3x2 − 3y = 0 =⇒ y = x2
fy = 3y 2 − 3x = 0 =⇒ y 2 = x
=⇒ (x2 )2 = x =⇒ x(x3 − 1) = 0 =⇒ x = 0, 1
[1]