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There are more than a million words in the English language. A single word may be pronounced
in different ways by different people. The spelling of an English word does not necessarily tell
you how to pronounce a word. Therefore, phonetics, the study of speech sounds, with the use
of phonetic transcriptions, is essential. Phonetic transcription is the visual representation of
speech sounds, which consists of symbols.
As a first time learner, you may feel that the phonetic transcriptions are confusing but once
you understand how to use them to speak better, you will find them very interesting.
Similar to the English alphabet, Phonetics follows a slightly different phonetic alphabet. They
consist of 20 vowel sounds (12 monophthongs and 8 diphthongs) and 24 consonant sounds.
SYMBOLS
[‘] Used to indicate which part of a word has to be stressed i.e. with extra force.
e.g. for the word alarm, the stress occurs as a’larm.
[:] Used to indicate the length of the sound that is pronounced.
e.g. for the word feet, the phonetic symbol is /fi:t/, where the symbol [:] is used to indicate
length of the sound.
[.] Used to indicate the pause between the sounds in a word while pronouncing.
e.g. for the word marble, the phonetic symbol is /ma:.bl/, where the symbol
[.] is used to indicate the pause between the two syllables.
PHONETIC CHART
MONOPHTHONGS DIPHTHONGS
i: ɪ ʊ u: ɪə eɪ
sheep ship good shoot here wait
VOWELS
e ə ɜ: ɔ: ʊə ɔɪ əʊ
bed teacher bird door cure boy show
æ ^ ɑ: ɒ eə aɪ aʊ
cat up far on hair my cow
p f t θ tʃ s ʃ k
pea fly tea think cheese see shoe car
CONSONANTS
b v d ð dʒ z ʒ g
boat video dog this June zoo television go
h m n ŋ r l w j
hat man now singer red love wet yes
P
(n) a parcel or container
(n) a group of similar people or animals (pack packs, packing, packed,
PACK /pæk/
of thieves or wolf pack) packable
(v) to put things in a bag or box
GUESS
THE WORDS
GUESS
THE WORDS
PAST /pɑːst/ (n) the period before the present time pasts
PATH /pɑːθ/ (n) a way or a route paths, pathway
(n) money given for the work done or goods got
PAY /peɪ/ pays, paying, paid
(v) to give something (money, respect, attention, etc.)
(n) a large, beautiful male bird with long tail peacocks, peacockish,
PEACOCK /ˈpiː.kɒk
feathers (male: peacock; female: peahen) peahen
(n) a large, ocean bird that catches fish using its
PELICAN /ˈpel.ɪ.kən/ pelicans
large, bag-shaped beak
(n) an object used to write with, usually made
with wood and lead pencils, pencilling,
PENCIL /ˈpen.səl/
(v) to write or draw something pencilled, penciled
(e.g. She penciled her name in my book.)
(n) a black and white bird that swims but
PENGUIN /ˈpeŋ.ɡwɪn/ penguins
cannot fly, primarily in Antarctica
PEOPLE /ˈpiː.pəl/ (n) a group of persons peoples
GUESS
THE WORDS
PIG /pɪɡ/ (n) a farm animal with short legs and curved tail pigs, pigging, pigged, piggy
(n) a bird often found in large groups, typically
PIGEON /ˈpɪdʒ.ən/ having grey or white feathers, often kept for pigeons
racing (can be seen all over the world)
PIGLET /ˈpɪɡ.lət/ (n) a young one of a pig piglets
(n) a medicine in the shape of a round and oval
PILL /pɪl/ pills
capsule (a tablet is flat and circular)
PILLAR /ˈpɪl.ər/ (n) a strong structure that supports a building pillars
(n) a cloth bag filled with soft material like
PILLOW /ˈpɪl.əʊ/ cotton or feathers, to rest one's head when pillows
sleeping
(v) to press something between a finger and
PINCH /pɪntʃ/ pinches, pinching, pinched
thumb
(n) a type of a tall tree with thin, needle-like
PINE /paɪn/ leaves that stays green throughout the year pines, pining, pined
(v) to miss something or someone
(n) a large, tropical fruit with thick, yellow skin
PINEAPPLE /ˈpaɪnˌæp.əl/ pineapples
and pointy leaves on top
GUESS
THE WORDS
GUESS
THE WORDS
PONY /ˈpəʊ.ni/ (n) a breed of horse (typically small) ponies, ponying, ponied
POOL /puːl/ (n) a small area of still water pools, pooling, pooled
POOR /pɔːr/ (adj) having very less money or things poorer, poorest
porcupines, porcupinish,
PORCUPINE /ˈpɔː.kjə.paɪn/ (n) an animal with sharp spines on its back
porcupiny
(n) a letter that is delivered to home or
POST /pəʊst/ workplace posts, posting, posted
(v) to publish something online
POSTBOX /ˈpəʊst.bɒks/ (n) a box in which one puts the mail postboxes
(n) a card on which a message is written, to be
POSTCARD /ˈpəʊst.kɑːd/ postcards
posted without an envelope
GUESS
THE WORDS
postmen, postwoman,
POSTMAN /ˈpəʊst.mən/ (n) a man who delivers post
postwomen
POUCH /paʊtʃ/ (n) a small bag used to keep things pouches
POUR /pɔːr/ (v) to make any liquid flow from a container pours, pouring, poured
(n) a solid substance in the form of tiny loose powders, powdering,
POWDER /ˈpaʊ.dər/
particles, like talcum powder powdered, powderer, powdery
(n) a strength or ability to control or execute
POWER /paʊər/ powers, powering, powered
(n) electricity
(v) to ask for divine grace; to worship
PRAY /preɪ/ prays, praying, prayed, prayer
(v) to request sincerely
PRICE /praɪs/ (n) the cost of something prices, pricing, priced, pricy
(n) a male member of a royal family
PRINCE /prɪns/ princes
(e.g. son of a king)
PRIZE /praɪz/ (n) a reward won in a competition prizes, prizing, prized
proves, proving, proved,
(v) to find out and establish a fact with
PROVE /pruːv/ proven, provable,
evidence
provability, provably
PUMPKIN /ˈpʌmp.kɪn/ (n) a large, round, orange-yellow vegetable pumpkins
PUT /pʊt/ (v) to place or move something into a position puts, putting
GUESS
THE WORDS
Q
quacks, quacking, quacked,
QUACK /kwæk/ (n) the sound made by a duck
quackish
queens, queenly, queenlier,
QUEEN /kwiːn/ (n) a woman who rules a country
queenliest
quicker, quickest, quickly,
QUICK /kwɪk/ (adj) very fast
quickness
(v) to stop doing something
QUIT /kwɪt/ quits, quitting, quitter
(v) to leave a place or a job
R
(n) a plant-eating, small animal with long ears
RABBIT /ˈræb.ɪt/ and large front teeth, that lives in a burrow; a rabbits, rabbiting, rabbited
bunny
(n) a competition where the fastest one wins
(e.g. running, swimming, etc.)
RACE /reɪs/ (n) a group of people having similar physical races, racing, raced
features
(v) to move or go very fast
racks, racking, racked,
RACK /ræk/ (n) a shelf that is used to hold or display things
racker
(n) a white or red coloured root vegetable, with
RADISH /ˈræd.ɪʃ/ radishes
a strong, sharp taste
RAIN /reɪn/ (n) water falling in drops from clouds rains, raining, rained, rainy
GUESS
THE WORDS
READ /riːd/ (v) to look at words and understand their meaning reads, reading
(n) a person who reads a lot or one who loves
READER /ˈriː.dər/ readers
to read
readier, readiest, readies,
READY /ˈred.i/ (adj) being in a prepared state
readying, readied
READY-MADE /ˌred.iˈmeɪd/ (adj) fully made and ready to use -
GUESS
THE WORDS
S
SAME /seɪm/ (adj) exactly like another -
(n) small, loose grains of rock found on beach,
SAND /sænd/ sands, sanding, sanded
desert, etc.
(n) a type of footwear that is slightly open at
SANDAL /ˈsæn.d l/
ə the top sandals
(n) short form for sandalwood
(v) to keep, protect or rescue someone or saves, saving, saved,
SAVE /seɪv/
something savable, saver
SCAR /skɑːr/ (n) a mark left on the skin due to an injury scars, scarring, scarred
scares, scaring, scared,
SCARE /skeər/ (v) to make someone afraid
scarer
(n) an object that looks like a person, used to
SCARECROW /ˈskeə.krəʊ/ scarecrows
scare birds in a field, where crops are growing
SCARF /skɑːf/ (n) a long piece of cloth worn around the neck scarfs, scarves
SCENT /sent/ (n) a pleasant smell scents, scenting, scented
(n) a person with great knowledge in a
SCHOLAR /ˈskɒl.ər/ scholars, scholarly
particular subject
(n) a place of learning schools, schooling,
SCHOOL /skuːl/
(n) a large group of fish schooled
(v) to speak to someone angrily because he/she scolds, scolding, scolded,
SCOLD /skəʊld/
did something wrong scoldable, scolder, scoldingly
GUESS
THE WORDS
SEA /siː/ (n) a vast saltwater body that is a part of an ocean seas
searches, searching,
SEARCH /sɜːtʃ/ (v) to look carefully to find something searched, searchable,
searcher
GUESS
THE WORDS
SEASHORE /ˈsiː.ʃɔːr/ (n) the land bordering on the sea, especially a beach seashores
(n) the safety strap in vehicles (like cars,
SEAT BELT /ˈsiːt ˌbelt/ seat belts
planes, etc.) that holds a person to one’s seat
SELL /sel/ (v) to give something for money sells, selling, sold
(v) to stitch or repair something, especially
SEW /səʊ/ sews, sewing, sewed, sewn
cloth, with needle and thread
(n) a dark shape of an object, that is formed
shadows, shadowing,
SHADOW /ˈʃæd.əʊ/ when it blocks the light
shadowed, shadower
(v) to follow someone or something closely
(n) a large, usually grey fish with sharp teeth
SHARK /ʃɑːk/ sharks
that lives in the sea
(n) a large piece of cloth used to cover a bed; a
SHEET /ʃiːt/ blanket sheets, sheeted
(n) a thin, flat piece of a substance like glass,
paper, etc.
(n) a hard, outer covering of an animal, nut,
fruit, seed or egg
SHELL /ʃel/ shells, shelling, shelled
(v) to remove peas, peanuts, etc. from their
natural outer covering (e.g. I shelled some peas)
(n) a large boat used to travel a long distance
ships, shipping, shipped,
SHIP /ʃɪp/ over the sea
shippable
(v) to send something far away
(n) a sudden, unexpected reaction to a bad shocks, shocking, shocked,
SHOCK /ʃɒk/
event or experience shockable, shockability
GUESS
THE WORDS
SHOE /ʃuː/ (n) a footwear that completely covers one’s feet shoes, shoeing, shoed, shod
(n) a place where things or services are sold
shops, shopping, shopped,
SHOP /ʃɒp/ (v) to go to places where things are sold so as
shoppers
to look at and buy things
(adj) small in length or height
SHORT /ʃɔːt/ (adj) taking a small amount of time (e.g. short shorter, shortest
film, short story, etc.)
(n) a TV or radio programme, a play, movie,
shows, showing, showed,
SHOW /ʃəʊ/ exhibition, etc.
shown
(v) to make someone see something
SICK /sɪk/ (adj) being unhealthy or not well sicker, sickest, sickish
SLATE /sleɪt/ (n) a small, writing board for children slates, slating, slated
(n) a periodic rest for mind and body, with
SLEEP /sliːp/ sleeps, sleeping, slept
one’s eyes closed
GUESS
THE WORDS
(n) a thin flat piece cut from something larger slices, slicing, sliced,
SLICE /slaɪs/
(v) to cut something into thin pieces sliceable, slicer
slower, slowest, slows,
SLOW /sləʊ/ (adj) happening in a low speed slowing, slowed, slowly,
slowness
smaller, smallest, smallish,
SMALL /smɔːl/ (adj) being little in size
smallness
(v) to notice or discover something with one’s smells, smelling, smelled,
SMELL /smel/
nose smelt, smeller, smelly
smiles, smiling, smiled,
SMILE /smaɪl/ (n) a happy or friendly expression on the face
smiler, smilingly, smilingness
(n) a small animal, with a soft body and a hard
SNAIL /sneɪl/ snails
shell and that moves slowly
(n) a long-bodied animal that has no legs or
SNAKE /sneɪk/ snakes, snaking, snaked
ears (often feared for its poisonous bite)
(n) soft, small flakes of ice, that fall from the snows, snowing, snowed,
SNOW /snəʊ/
sky in cold regions snowy
(n) a solid or liquid chemical substance used soaps, soaping, soaped,
SOAP /səʊp/
with water to clean something soapy
(n) a long, comfortable seat usually for two or
SOFA /ˈsəʊ.fə/ sofas
more people
SOFT /sɒft/ (adj) not hard; easy to press or fold softer, softest, softly
GUESS
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GUESS
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STAIR /steər/ (n) a set of steps used to connect different floors stairs, staircase
(v) to rise on one's feet stands, standing, stood,
STAND /stænd/
(v) to take a specified position on an issue stander
(n) an object in space, that is very far away and
that looks like it’s twinkling in the night sky
STAR /stɑːr/ (n) a very famous and successful person stars, starring, starred
(v) to play the most important role in a movie,
play, etc.
starts, starting, started,
START /stɑːt/ (v) to begin; to take the first step
starter
STAY /steɪ/ (v) to remain in the same place stays, staying, stayed
(n) the part of a plant from which leaves grow
stems, stemming, stemmed,
STEM /stem/ (v) to arise from or rooted in something
stemmer
(v) to stop the flow
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GUESS
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(v) to remove dirt or dust using a brush or broom sweeps, sweeping, swept,
SWEEP /swiːp/
(v) to move quickly or forcefully sweepy
(adj) having a sugary taste
sweeter, sweetest, sweets,
SWEET /swiːt/ (adj) being kind and pleasant
sweetish, sweetly, sweetness
(n) a small piece of food with a lot of sugar in it
(adj) moving very fast, especially in a smooth swifter, swiftest, swifts,
SWIFT /swɪft/
and easy way swiftly, swiftness
(n) a weapon with a long blade and a sharp
SWORD /sɔːd/ swords
edge with a handle
T
(n) a furniture with a flat top and four legs used
for keeping things
TABLE /ˈteɪ.bəl/ tables, tabling, tabled
(n) an arrangement of some information in
rows or columns (e.g. a multiplication table)
takes, taking, took, taken,
TAKE /teɪk/ (v) to carry or to gain or to get hold of
takable/takeable
TALC /talk/ (n) a material used in making talcum powder talcose, talcous, talcum
GUESS
THE WORDS
(n) an object used to control the flow of water taps, tapping, tapped,
TAP /tæp/
(v) to hit something gently tappable
TAPE /teɪp/ (n) a long strip used to stick things together tapes, taping, taped, taper
(n) the flavour sensed in the mouth when eating tastes, tasting, tasted,
TASTE /teɪst/
something tasteable
(n) a vehicle for hire with a driver, for the use
TAXI /ˈtæk.si/ taxis, taxiing, taxied
of general public
(n) a hot drink made by brewing dried tea
TEA /tiː/ teas
leaves in hot water
(n) the (usually) salty water that comes from
/teər/
TEAR one’s eyes when one cries tears, tearing, tore, torn
/tɪər/
(v) to pull apart with force
/ˈtel.ɪ.vɪʒ.ən/ (n) a device used for watching movies, news, televisions, televisional,
TELEVISION
/ˌtel.ɪˈvɪʒ.ən/ cartoon programmes, etc. televisionally, televisionary
TELL /tel/ (v) to say, to inform or to instruct someone tells, telling, told
(n) a temporary, portable home made with
TENT /tent/ fabric or canvas, which may be used for tents, tented, tenter
camping
tests, testing, tested,
TEST /test/ (n) a short exam
testable, testability, testing
(n) words written in books, messages, etc.
TEXT /tekst/ texts, texting, texted
(v) to send a message to someone
(v) to express appreciation or gratitude for the
THANK /θæŋk/ thanks, thanking, thanked
help one has received
GUESS
THE WORDS
THRONE /θrəʊn/ (n) the special chair of the king or queen thrones
(n) the thick and the shortest finger which is on thumbs, thumbing,
THUMB /θʌm/
the side of one’s hand thumbed
(n) a m
ark used to show that something is
correct (ü)
TICK /tɪk/ (n) the sound made by the clock every second ticks, ticking, ticked
(tick-tock)
(n) a small insect that lives on other animals
(n) a slip of paper that allows you to see a
TICKET /ˈtɪk.ɪt/ show, participate in an event, travel on a tickets, ticketing, ticketed
vehicle, etc.
(v) to make someone laugh by touching them tickles, tickling, tickled,
TICKLE /ˈtɪk.əl/
lightly in specific places tickly
tidier, tidiest, tidies, tidying,
TIDY /ˈtaɪ.di/ (adj) being clean and neat
tidied, tidily, tidiness
(n) a draw in a competition
(n) a piece of cloth worn around the neck
TIE /taɪ/ ties, tying, tied
(v) to join two different threads or ropes with a
knot
(n) a striped wild cat tigers, tigerish, tigerishly,
TIGER /ˈtaɪ.ɡər/
(the biggest of the cat family) tigerishness
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TILE /taɪl/ (n) a flat, thin slab used to cover floors and walls tiles, tiling, tiled, tiler
TIME /taɪm/ (n) the hour and minute as showed by a clock times, timing, timed
TINY /ˈtaɪ.ni/ (adj) being very small in size tinier, tiniest, tinily, tininess
TITLE /ˈtaɪ.təl/ (n) the name of something (book, movie, etc.) titles, titling, titled
(n) one of the five finger-like parts (digits) at
TOE /təʊ/ toes, toeing, toed
the front end of one's foot
TOFFEE /ˈtɒf.i/ (n) a chewy candy made with sugar toffees
(n) one of the hard, white structures of the
TOOTH /tuːθ/ teeth (plural)
mouth used to bite and chew food
TOOTHPASTE /ˈtuːθ.peɪst/ (n) a substance used to clean teeth toothpastes
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TUMBLE /ˈtʌm.bəl/ (v) to fall suddenly without control tumbles, tumbling, tumbled
turns, turning, turned,
TURN /tɜːn/ (v) to move to change the direction
turnable
(n) a sea living animal with a hard shell and
TURTLE /ˈtɜː.təl/ turtles
webbed feet/flippers (resembles tortoise)
(n) a private teacher for one student or a small tutors, tutoring, tutored,
TUTOR /ˈtʃuː.tər/
group tutorage, tutorship
TUTU /ˈtuː.tuː/ (n) a very short skirt worn by ballet dancers tutus
(n) a small device used to hold or pluck small
TWEEZERS /ˈtwiː.zəz/ tweeze, tweezer (US)
objects
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TWIG /twɪɡ/ (n) a very small branch of a tree twigs, twigging, twigged
twinkles, twinkling,
TWINKLE /ˈtwɪŋ.kəl/ (v) to sparkle like a star
twinkled, twinkler, twinkly
TWITCH /twɪtʃ/ (v) a small sudden movement like a jerk twitches, twitching, twitched
TYRE /taɪər/ (n) a thick rubber ring that covers a vehicle's wheel tyres, tire(US)
U
UGLY /ˈʌɡ.li/ (adj) looking very bad or unattractive uglier, ugliest, uglily, ugliness
understands, understanding,
UNDERSTAND /ˌʌn.dəˈstænd/ (v) to know what something means understood, understandable,
understandably
(v) to untie or unwrap and open something undoes, undoing, undid,
UNDO /ʌnˈduː/
(v) to cancel; to nullify; to take back undone, undoer
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V
VALID /ˈvæl.ɪd/ (adj) good and acceptable validly, validity
varies, varying, varied,
VARY /ˈveə.ri/ (v) to differ or change
varyingly, variety
VASE /vɑːz/ (n) a container used to hold cut flowers vases
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VISUAL /ˈvɪʒ.u.əl/ (adj) seen or able to be seen by the eye visuals, visually
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W
wades, wading, waded,
WADE /weɪd/ (v) to walk through water with difficulty
wadable, wadeable
GUESS
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GUESS
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WHEEL /wiːl/ (n) a circular object that helps a vehicle to move wheels, wheeling, wheeled
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/wɪnd/ 1
(n) the movement of air
1
WIND winds, winding, wound
/waɪnd/2 (n)2 turning something repeatedly
(n) one of the movable parts with which a bird,
bat or insect flies
WING /wɪŋ/ wings, winging, winged
(n) a group withing an organisation
(n) a part of a large building
(v) to close and open one eye quickly to
WINK /wɪŋk/ winks, winking, winked
indicate a joke or a secret
WIPE /waɪp/ (v) to clean or to dry wipes, wiping, wiped
WIRE /waɪər/ (n) a thin and flexible metal thread wires, wiring, wired
wising, wised, wiser,
WISE /waɪz/ (adj) being clever wisest, wisely, wiseness,
wisdom
WITH /wɪð/ (prep) together or including without
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WRITE /raɪt/ (v) to form letters or words on a surface writes, writing, wrote, written
Y
YACHT /jɒt/ (n) a sailing boat yachts
YEAH /jeə/ (inter) an informal way to say yes -
YEAR /jɪər/ (n) a period of twelve months years, yearly
(n) a natural substance (microorganism) used in
YEAST /jiːst/ -
making breads
YET /jet/ (adv) until now -
(n) the exercise originated in India, that relaxes
YOGA /ˈjəʊ.ɡə/ yogic
muscles and mind
/jɔːr/ (pro) word used to denote that something
YOUR -
/jər/ belongs to you
Z
(n) the digit 0 zeros, zeroes, zeroing,
ZERO /ˈzɪə.rəʊ/
(adj) nil or nothing zeroed
zigzags, zigzagging,
ZIGZAG /ˈzɪɡ.zæɡ/ (n) a line that has a series of short, sharp turns
zigzagged, zigzagger
(n) a device used to open or close bags or
ZIP /zɪp/ zips, zipping, zipped
clothes (short form of zipper)
(n) a place where many animals are kept for
ZOO /zuː/ zoos
people to see
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THE WORDS
SPECIAL WORDS
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WORDS PHONETICS (FORMS) MEANINGS (NON-EXHAUSTIVE)
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Currencies of the world 10, 000 years ago, people started using
cows, sheep and camels as currency after
which grains and vegetables were used for
The currency of USA, Singapore, Australia,
DOLLAR /ˈdɒl.ər/ the same.
Kannada, Jamaica, Zimbabwe, New Zealand, etc.
The currency of European countries 3, 200 years ago, people in China started
EURO /ˈjʊə.rəʊ/ using cowrie shells as currency. This is the
(France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, etc)
most widely and longest used currency in
history.
Franc is the name of the currency of
FRANC /fræŋk/
Switzerland, Niger, Rwanda, Chad, etc.
2500 years ago, the first coins like the
Krone is the name of the currency of Denmark, modern coins were developed. These were
KRONE /ˈkrəʊ.nə/ later given a round shape and stamped
Greenland, Sweden and Faroe Islands with various Gods and Kings. These new
coins were made from precious metals like
Pound is the currency of United Kingdom, bronze, silver and gold.
POUND /paʊnd/
Egypt, Sudan and Lebanon
2100 years ago, one-foot-square-shaped
RAND /rænd/ Rand is the currency of South Africa leather sheet, made from white deerskin
with colorful borders was used as money
in China. This is the first kind of currency
notes used.
RINGGIT /ˈrɪŋɡɪt/ Ringgit is the currency of Malaysia
3. Crocodile tears
a Fake and insincere tears or sadness
b Feeling a lot of sadness
c Feeling sad about the crocodiles
3. Eleventh hour
a 11:00 a.m.
b The last minute
c 11:00 p.m.
4. Kill time
a Do a favourite hobby
b Do something enjoyable
c Do something not very interesting, to pass time
2. Bad egg
a A dishonest person who cannot be trusted
b A rotten egg which cannot be eaten
c A financial loss
4. Couch potato
a A potato shaped like a couch
b A lazy person watching too much TV and eating junk
c A person who loves eating potatoes
5. In a pickle
a In a very hot and happening situation
b In a crowded place
c In a difficult situation
6. Piece of cake
a A very tasty thing
b A very easy thing to do
c A difficult thing to do
47
Round - 14: Idioms, Phrases and Proverbs
GROUP - 1
Ex. 14.4 – Idioms based on colours
Choose the right meaning for the given idiom:
1. Feeling blue
a Feeling very happy
b Being unhappy
c Dressed in blue clothes
2. In the pink
a Being very healthy
b Being ashamed
c Being sick
3. Green fingers
a Painting one’s fingers green in colour
b Cooking green vegetables
c Being interested and talented in gardening
4. See red
a See everything in red colour
b Wearing red sunglasses
c Become angry about something
5. Red-carpet treatment
a Special treatment with a lot of respect
b A yoga treatment
c A medical treatment
6. A red-letter day
a A very dangerous day
b A very important or special day
c A sad day
48
Round - 14: Idioms, Phrases and Proverbs
GROUP - 1 Ex. 14.5 – Idioms based on number
Choose the right meaning for the given idiom:
1. Back to square one
a At the finishing point
b Having only one aim
c Have to start from the beginning again
2. A1
a The first one
b The very best or finest
c The poor one
5. On cloud nine
a At 9 a.m.
b Very confused
c Extremely happy or joyous
6. One-track mind
a A very busy mind
b Thinking only one thing
c Being absent minded
49
Round - 14: Idioms, Phrases and Proverbs
GROUP - 1
Ex. 14. 6 - Comparative Phrases
1 As cool as a
a cucumber b radish c watermelon
2 Busy as a
a dog b bee c rat
3 Strong as a/an
a donkey b bull c ox
4 Healthy as a
a lion b horse c bear
5 Stubborn as a/an
a mule b elephant c cow
6 As light as a
a bird b feather c leaf
7 As clear as
a mirror b sky c crystal
8 As angry as a
a bird b bear c tiger
9 As dry as a
a bone b nut c wood
10 As old as the
a oceans b hills c oak tree
11 As quick as
a cheetah b lightning c a rocket
12 As sick as a
a dog b swine c seal
50
Round - 14: Idioms, Phrases and Proverbs
GROUP - 1
13 As different as
a night and day b white and black c hot and cold
14 As solid as a
a block b log c rock
15 As proud as a/an
a peahen b peacock c ostrich
16 As white as a
a sheet b paper c cloud
2
You should not complain about a gift even if it is not
Early bird catches the worm B
up to your expectations
3
Anyone who starts a job before others will have
Don’t bite the hand that feeds you C more chance of success
4
Do not act badly towards someone who is helping
Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth D
you
5
Not to be unhappy about something that has
Birds of a feather flock together E
already happened and cannot be changed
6
Not hearing any information about something
Too many cooks spoil the broth F
means that nothing is wrong
7
People with similar characters and interests are
No news is good news G
found together
51
Round - 14: Idioms, Phrases and Proverbs
Ex. 14.8 – Proverbs GROUP - 1
Match the proverbs with their correct meanings
S.No. PROVERBS MEANINGS Ans.
A good opportunity can be given to someone but E
1 A watched pot never boils A
they cannot be forced to do it if they don’t want to
It is better to do something even after it was
2 Easy come easy go B
supposed to be done, than not to do it at all
Problems or issues along the way do not matter as
3 Better late than never C
long as the result is good
You can lead a horse to water but you Doing something again and again makes a person
4 D
cannot make it drink better at it
Time seems to pass very slowly when you keep
5 All’s well that ends well E
waiting for something to happen impatiently
The greatest achievements of life can be gotten only
6 Practice makes perfect F
with great effort
Something that is gotten without much effort shall
7 The best fish swim near the bottom G
be lost very easily
Answers
Ex. – 14.1 Ex. – 14.6
1. b 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. c 6. a 1. a 2. b 3. c 4. b 5. a 6. b
The cats began to plead, “Sir! We are satisfied. Let us have the pieces
3
back now.”
4 The monkey replied, “This is my fee for sorting out the problem”.
Once upon a time, two cats found a loaf of bread and cut it into
5 two pieces.
But this made the other piece larger; so it took a bite from
9 the other piece.
5 7 3 4 6
2 1 8 9
10
54
Round - 15: Presenting an Argument
GROUP - 1 Exercise 15.2 - Chronological Order: (A biography)
Arrange the following sentences in a Chronological order
WALT DISNEY
S.No. SENTENCES
When he came up with the Mickey mouse character, MGM studios rejected it in
1
1927 because they thought a giant mouse on the screen would be scary!
After a lot of struggle, he released the world’s first full length animation movie
4 ‘Snow white and the Seven Dwarfs’ in the year 1937.
7 Walt Disney was born on December 5, 1901 near Chicago in the USA.
The US Postal Service honoured him by issuing a postage stamp with his picture
8 in 1968 – two years after his death.
55
Round - 15: Presenting an Argument
Exercise 15.3 – Logical Order: (A rhyme) GROUP - 1
56
Round - 15: Presenting an Argument
GROUP - 1 Exercise 15.4 – Decision making order: (Compare & Contrast)
Arrange the following sentences in a Decision making order
Should I say “HI” to the kid no one likes?
S.No. SENTENCES
Well, I should stop thinking and act now. Hmm… “Hello, Ian” or “Hello,
1
friends”?
3 No! No way, I do not want to lose my friends. I like them very much.
4 Friends? Oh, that reminds me… what if my friends avoid ME for speaking with him.
57
Round - 15: Presenting an Argument
Exercise 15.5 – Analogical order: (A quote from a book) GROUP - 1
Arrange the following sentences in an Analogical order
“Life is like a box of chocolates”
S.No. SENTENCES Analogy
means
1 ‘Now I just have to polish these off, comparison
10 and the only ones left are the ones you don’t like as much?
58
Round - 15: Presenting an Argument
GROUP - 1 Exercise 15.6 – Emphatic order: (from small to big)
Arrange the following sentences in an Emphatic order
The earth and its neighbours
S.No. SENTENCES
‘emphatic’ is the
adjective form Our home, Earth revolves the Sun along with other planets and dwarf
‘emphasis’ 1
planets; all together form the solar system. Let us look at their sizes…
But, bigger than everything, is the sun (10+ times bigger than Jupiter
2 and 100+times bigger than Earth); the size of a giant
pumpkin that wins competitions!
59
Round - 15: Presenting an Argument
GROUP - 1
5 1 9 7 3 4 6
Exercise 15.1 2 8 10
10 6 1 4 5 8 9
Exercise 15.2 7 2 3
8 10 2 5 9 3 6
Exercise 15.3 4 7 1
5 2 6 7 9 1 10
Exercise 15.4 8 4 3
7 4 10 6 1 5 9
Exercise 15.5 2 3 8
1 10 8 4 6 2 7
Exercise 15.6 5 9 3
60
GROUP - 1 Sample Question Paper
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
Group - I
Name of the Student: Duration: 1:15 MINUTES
Name of the School: Date:
Std & Sec: Place:
Registration No.: District:
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
MAX. MARKS MAX. MARKS
LEVEL 4 ROUNDS MARKS OBTAINED
LEVEL 4 ROUNDS MARKS OBTAINED
1 Spell it Right 10 10 Crossword 10
11 Word Weaving 5
3 Inflects and Collocation 10
Compound Words and
4 Find the Correct Sentence 5 12 10
Kinds/Types of words
TIE ROUND:
1. Word Analysis – Word Clusters will not be provided
2. GK – Options will not be provided; answers should be written
3. Phonetics (Write the Symbol for the word) - Options will not be provided; answers should be written
61
Sample Question Paper GROUP - 1
1 /blʌd/
7 /ˈkɪd.næp/
2 /ˈtʃʌb.i/
8 /ˈlep.əd/
3 /ˈdʌs.tər/
9 /ˈpɪl.əʊ/
4 /fləʊt/
5 /ɡreɪd/ 10 /ˈspær.əʊ/
3. I (break) a glass.
4. He (give) me an eraser.
“My dear Eric. August 21st 1892
Do you remember the little mouse which you saw at Bolton Gardens?
I have got another one now with a white mark on its head.
It is so tame that it will sit on my hand and eat hemp seeds.
He was very ill once and I gave him some medicines and now he is quite
well again.”
64
GROUP - 1 Sample Question Paper
QUESTIONS
E.g. This is an example of a _________________.
a. Poster b. Drafted letter
1. To whom is this letter written?
a. Eric b. Erin
2. Where does it sit and eat seeds?
a. On the hand b. On the lap
3. What was given to cure the mouse?
a. Soup b. Medicines
4. True or False: The mouse is now feeling well.
a. True b. False
5. It was a ________ mouse.
a. wild b. tame
ROUND - X: CROSSWORD
QUESTIONS
ACROSS
E.g. plural of tooth
2. (bird)
5. Not using words or speech
(only face expressions and
body actions)
8. (nature)
9. (animal)
10. A period of four weeks
DOWN
1. One who eats meat
2. (bird)
3. Plural of photo
6. (animal)
7. A mistake
65
Sample Question Paper GROUP - 1
ROUND - XI: WORD WEAVING
A. WORD WHEEL: Find the word jumbled in the wheel and weave four more words from its letters:
E.g. 1
O S 1. POST O S 1.
P R 2. CARD P 2.
R
T A 3. CAR 3.
R A
C D 4. STAR W 4.
B. WORD STAIRS: Write the words on the steps based on the hints next to them:
E.g. B
1. A preposition
B Y
2. A male child
B O Y
3. Cry of a donkey
B R A Y
4.Having thick or overgrown plants, hair, etc.
B U S H Y
Q.2 M Q.3 H
1. A Pronoun 1. AN INFORMAL WAY TO SAY ‘hello’
M H
2. 5th month of the year 2. A body part (below the waist and above the leg)
M H
3. Lots of or plenty 3. Opposite of ’low’
M H
4. Happy or joyous 4. Mountainous region
M H
C. WORD COMBO: Combine one unit from column A with one unit from column C with a
mandatory column B unit. You should form two words for one question:
S.No. A CHOOSE ONE B COMPULSORY C CHOOSE ONE ANSWERS
E.G. T J X O Z P B TOP JOB
4. W P J A M L A
5. Y P L OO M R C
66
GROUP - 1 Sample Question Paper
4. Ken is playing a (main) role in organising the school play. a vital b wide
5. Raj was tired of doing the same (routine) works day after day. a mundane b lazy
B. Replace the word in the bracket with its antonym that suits the sentence’s context.
QUESTIONS Ans.
5 and the only ones left are the ones you don’t like as much?
70