Chapter 1

Concepts about Educational Technology

Different Concepts of Technology

1. Technology as the knowledge of how to use gadgets, tools or equipment

- to perform tasks expediently and efficiently

2. Technology as a collection of tools

- machinery, modifications, arrangements & procedures

- reliable devices for repeated presentations

3. Technology as other gadgets

- technology-related appliances to perform chores faster, documentation

or entertainment

4. Teacher as a technology

- teacher facilitates the learning process thru the use of varied

instructional materials
- learning is fast, efficient and effective

- uses technology that stimulates the senses

- visual, verbal, sound and manipulative technology

- human factor completes the technology circle

Assumptions viewing technology-as-partner in the learning process

1. Technology is more than hardware.

 any reliable technique or method of engaging learning

 Using metaphors – to enhance cognitive & critical thinking skills

2. Learning technology = any environment or definable set of activities

 active, constructive, international &
authentic learning
 Games of social interaction

3. Technology = conveyors or communicators of meaning

 serve as resource materials for reflection

 learners interpret information based on their own understanding

4. Technology support learning when:

 Fulfill a learning need – parameters of a rubrics

 Learner-initiated & controlled – Powerpoint presentations

5. Interaction with technology - conceptually & intellectually engaging

 Using Venn diagram to show relationships between two variables

6. Functions as intellectual tool kits

 to build more meaningful personal interpretations and

representations of the world
 Computer programs like word processing

7. Should be intellectual partners in the learning process

 Laptops for the preparation of schoolwork

Concepts of Educational Technology

1. EdTech as the

Selection – Development – Managing – Use

of appropriate technological processes and resources.

 Teachers and learners should be able to select which technology

can help attain the intended learning outcome

2. EdTech as the choice of appropriate principles in preparation and utilization of

- conventional and non-conventional technology tools

- traditional and alternative strategies

5 Domains of Educational Technology

Domain 1 – Design

 process of specifying conditions for learning

 creating strategies and products like programs, curricula, lessons
 includes Instructional Systems Design (ISD), instructional
strategies, learner’s characteristics

 Constructivism – learners actively creates knowledge from their

experiences

 provides a representation of reality

 represents the natural complexity of the world
 represents authentic tasks – focus on conceptualizing not
abstracting
 provides real world-based learning environment rather than
pre-determined instructional events
 fosters reflective practice
 promotes context and content

 Practice – repeated action in applying a theory

- repetition promotes mastery

Domain 2 – Development

 process of translating the design specifications into physical form

 includes technologies
o audio, still visuals, AV, ICT, electronic and integrated
o print
Domain 3 – Utilization

 phase where learning materials are considered, implemented and used

in actual teaching and learning activities

 media utilization – implementation – institutionalization – policies &

regulations are set

 ICT

Domain 4 – Management

 starts when the materials are designed till they are evaluated
 involves
o project management
o resource management
o management of delivery
o diffusion of innovation
 includes
o use of computer lab
o checking of electrical connections
o sharing of materials among the teachers and staff

Domain 5 – Evaluation

 the process of determining the merit, worth or value of an

instructional program, product or project
 shows the different processes involved in judging the worth of materials
 includes
o problem analysis
o measurement
o formative evaluation
o summative evaluation

Focus of Technology Integration

 facilitating and enhancing the teaching-learning episodes

o undertaken by the teachers and learners

Technological Competence – ability to use with ease and confidence any

equipment, tool or gadget

 Guiding principle : Master the instructions first before usage