Children of Mary Immaculate College

22 Maysan Road, Malinta, Valenzuela City

Coconut Husk as
an Alternative
Bio-ink

Researchers:

Aleria, Jerrica

Benigno, Rovie Ann

Buenaventura, Wilken

Fabillar, Jovelyn

Malsi, Angelika

Quiapon, Genalyn

Santos, Daina Johanne

 Children of Mary Immaculate College
22 Maysan Road, Malinta, Valenzuela City

Chapter 1
PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND
Introduction

Ink can be found in almost all areas of human activity, such as reading newspapers,

magazines and books everyday. Almost everyone put copies on a computer and printed several

pages, but ink somehow can be very expensive, which can be a problem of supplies for

teachers, students and office workers. Almost all products are commercialized, and people are

looking for natural and affordable products.

Everyone needs ink for printers, especially office workers because they need it in their

work almost everyday. People nowadays use modern devices, such as computer, which can be

use to make anything that can be print. Printer is a device that helps to do everyone’s job,

without printer we can’t make hard copies of our work and it is useless without printer ink.

The goal of this study is to know the effectiveness of coconut husk as an alternative

bioink. The researchers wants to know if the pigments that the coconut husk will produce were

stable, and also to lessen the chemical that the users absorb from commercial ink by the use of

making an alternative source of ink. This study aims to know if there is a significant difference

between an alternative bioink and commercial ink.

Conceptual Framework

This study discusses the procedures and the outcome of the product.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

PROCESS
Coconut husk Mixing Bio-ink made of coconut husk
INPUT Mixing
Ink printer Straining
Coconut Husk Straining
 Children of Mary Immaculate College
22 Maysan Road, Malinta, Valenzuela City

Figure 1. Coconut Husk as an Alternative Bio-ink

The figure shows the relationship between the independent and dependent variables in

the study. Compare the independent variables, coconut husk ink and commercial ink to see how

they affect on the dependent variable. Dependent variables are indicators of ink efficiency and

quality.

Statement of the Problem

This study attempted to determine the effectiveness of coconut husk as an component of

alternative printer ink. The researchers seaks to answer the following questions:

1. Is the coconut husk ink effective in terms of the following:

1.1 absorption

1.2 Stick Consistency

1.3 Color