 Foot problems
 Poor wound healing
Monitoring Your Glucose
Levels
Glucose levels can be tested with a drop
of blood obtained by pricking the finger
with a sharp needle,or as part of an oral
glucose tolerance test ordered by your
doctor.
However the symptoms of diabetes may
not appear until blood glucose levels are
higher. So some people may have
diabetes without knowing about it!
Those most at risk of Type II
diabetes
 People over 55 years of age
 People with a family history of
diabetes
 Overweight individuals
 People with high blood pressure
 People with heart disease
 Women who had pregnancy-related
diabetes
 People over 35 years of age who are
of Aboriginal Torres Strait Island,
Chinese, Indian, Maori or Pacific
Island heritage.
Complications of diabetes?
Over time, untreated high blood glucose levels will
cause:
 Increased risk of heart attack or stroke
 Blood vessel and nerve damage
 Eye disease or blindness
 Kidney disease
 Poor circulation (sometimes requiring
limb amputations)
Diabetes Institute disclaims to the
extent permitted by law, all liability
 Impotence in men
including negligence for claims of
GOVERNMENT OF BENGKULU PROVINCE
losses, expenses, damages and costs
that the reader may incur (or suffer)
Dr. M.Yunus Hospital of Bengkulu Province from acting on or refraining from
Bhayangkara Street of Bengkulu 38229
action as a result of all information in
this brochure.
Telephone : (0736) 52004 – 51111
We aim to reduce death
Email : rsudmyunus@gmail.com and disability from
unitpengaduanrsmy@gmail.com cardiovascular disease,
Website : www.rsudmyunus.com diabetes and other
health disorders related
to
Disclaimer : While reasonable efforts
have been made to ensure the accuracy obesity through
of the material contained in this research, clinical
brochure, the information is provided care,education and
on the basis that persons undertake
responsibility for assessing the
advocacy.
relevance and accuracy of its content.
In particular, readers should seek
independent professional medical
advice from their general practitioner
or specialist in relation to their own Diabetes and
individual circumstance or condition
before making any decisions based on Your Health
the information in this brochure. The Regulating your blood sugar level by modifying
material also includes summarised
your lifestyle and eating habits, combined with
guidelines or recommendations based
on information provided by third regular medical check-ups can help to prevent
complications from diabetes.
parties. The Baker IDI Heart and
 In all diabetic cases, excess glucose Both types of diabetes show similar symptoms
remains in the blood stream resulting in but the severity is usually greater in Type I
higher than normal blood glucose levels.
diabetes. The symptoms of diabetes include:
Type I  Irritability
 Develops when the pancreas  Tiredness/lack of energy
stops producing insulin,  Extreme hunger
What is diabetes?  preventing glucose from entering
 Blurred vision
Diabetes is a condition in which the level the muscle or otherbody cells.
of glucose (a sugar) in the blood is too  This is caused by the body’s  Excessive thirst
high. This is caused by a problem with the immune systemattacking and  Frequent urination
destroying the cells.  Skin infections (e.g. thrush) and
hormone “insulin” and its role in
 Is less common than Type II
controlling blood glucose levels. diabetes and usually occurs under itchiness
the age of 30.  Rapid and unplanned weight loss
Normal Control Of Glucose  Comes on quickly and can be (Type I)
When the relationship between glucose severe and lifethreatening if Please seek medical advice if you experience or
and insulin is intact, the body controls treatment is delayed.
suffer any of these signs or symptoms.
glucose in the following way :
Type II (called “insulin resistant”)
1. Glucose comes from food that How is diabetes
contains carbohydrates (starch  Develops when the body does not
and sugar). After eating, blood respond properly to insulin. Insulin treated?
glucose levels rise. is still produced by the pancreas
but there may be less of it or it
2. Glucose is absorbed into the Treatments are available for diabetes but
may not work effectively.
blood stream and carried to the  This may be caused by genetic prevention is preferred to avoid long-term
muscle and other body cells or factors but can be triggered or complications by :
the brain. Glucose provides the made worse by being overweight
energy to perform everyday and lack of exercise.  Managing your weight through a healthy
tasks, such as thinking, walking,  Is the most common type of
diabetes and usually occurs in diet and exercise.
talking and breathing.
people over the age of 30 but is  Regularly monitoring your blood glucose
3. Glucose can only enter the becoming more common in
muscles with therelease of insulin, children and middleaged adults and blood cholesterol levels.
which is made in the pancreas, due to the increase in obesity.
into the blood.  The onset is usually slow and
 Having frequent blood pressure checks.
sometimes difficult to recognise.

In all Symptoms of Type I diabetes is treated with insulin

There are two types of replacement injections, usually several
diabetes diabetes times a day. For Type II diabetes,
medications and eventually insulin
injections may be needed as the disease
progresses and the pancreas produces less to recognise. two types of
insulin.abetic cases, excess glucose diabetes
remains in the In all diabetic cases, excess glucose
blood stream resulting in higher than remains in the
normal blood blood stream resulting in higher than
normal blood
glucose levels. glucose levels.
Type FIELD OF MEDICAL SERVICES Type I
HOSPITAL HEALTH PROMOTION Develops when the pancreas stops
producing insulin,
Develops when the pancreas stops preventing glucose from entering the
producing insulin, muscle or other
preventing glucose from entering the body cells.
muscle or other This is caused by the body’s immune
body cells. system
This is caused by the body’s immune attacking and destroying the cells.
system Is less common than Type II diabetes and
attacking and destroying the cells. usually
Is less common than Type II diabetes and occurs under the age of 30.
usually Comes on quickly and can be severe and
occurs under the age of 30. lifethreatening
Comes on quickly and can be severe and if treatment is delayed.
lifethreatening Type II (called “insulin resistant”)
if treatment is delayed. Develops when the body does not
Type II (called “insulin resistant”) respond properly
Develops when the body does not to insulin. Insulin is still produced by the
respond properly pancreas but
to insulin. Insulin is still produced by the there may be less of it or it may not work
pancreas but effectively.
there may be less of it or it may not work This may be caused by genetic factors but
effectively. can be
This may be caused by genetic factors but triggered or made worse by being
can be overweight and
triggered or made worse by being lack of exercise.
overweight and Is the most common type of diabetes an
lack of exercise. usually occurs in people over the age of
Is the most common type of diabetes and 30 but
usually occurs in people over the age of is becoming more common in children
30 but and middleaged
is becoming more common in children adults due to the increase in obesity.
and middleaged The onset is usually slow and sometimes
adults due to the increase in obesity. difficult
The onset is usually slow and sometimes to recognise.
difficult