CATEGORY OF HURT

Hurt – Section 310 of the Penal Code

Whoever causes bodily pain, disease or

infirmity to any person is said to cause
hurt
 Injury – Section 43 of the Penal Code

Any harm whatever illegally caused to any

person in body, mind, reputation or
property
 category of hurt
Is an index of the seriousness of the hurt

seriousness of hurt + weapon used + number

of blows + area of the body

reflects the intention of the assailant and the

serious of the offence committed
 Categories of hurt

• 1. Non – Grievous
• 2. Grievous
• 3. Endangering life
• 4. Fatal in the ordinary course of nature
 Non Grievous Injures

No legal definition of a non grievous injury

Any simple injury which does not fall within the

purview of section 311 of the Penal code
 Non Grievous Injures

1. Assault with blunt weapon

abrasion / contusion / laceration - N G

2. Assault with sharp weapon

cut injury / stab to chest ( not serious) – NG
Grievous injuries
 a. Emasculation

Excision of the genitals • Make man unmanly

in the male • Deprivation of a man of
his virility or
masculinity
Castration
• Like permanent
impotence or sterility
 b. Permanent privation(loss) or
impairment of the sight of either eye
1. Permanent total loss 1. a.Nerve damage
of vision of either eye b. Deep burns of the
cornea
c. Rupture of the globe
2. Permanent 2. a. it must be after the
impairment(weakened) trauma
of vision of either eye b. Opinion has to be given
after several reviews
by expert in the field
of testing vision
c. Permanent privation or impairment
of the hearing of either ear
1. Permanent total loss 1. a. Nerve damage
of hearing of either b. Cochlear injury
ear

2. Permanent 2. a. it must be after the

impairment of hearing trauma
of either ear
b. Opinion has to be given
after several reviews
by expert in the field
of ENT
 d. Privation of any member or joint
Member means an organ Genitals (a)
or a limb being part of Eyes (b)
man capable of Ears (c)
performing a distinct Nose - smell
function Tongue - Taste
Hands (g)
Feet (g)
 d. Privation of any member or joint

Privation of joint Due to bony or fibrous

ankylosis
physiological loss Loss of mobility between
the bones and joint
e. Destruction or permanent impairment
of the powers of any member or joint
Genitals (a)
1. Destruction of the Eyes (b)
powers of a member Ears (c)
Nose – smell (d)
Complete loss of function Tongue – Taste (d)
Of a member with out Hands (g)
anatomical loss Feet (g)
 e. Destruction or permanent impairment
of the powers of any member or joint

2. Destruction of a joint
Limb (d)
Loss of a function of a
joint with out
anatomical loss
e. Destruction or permanent impairment
of the powers of any member or joint
Genitals (e)
3. Permanent impairment Eyes (b)
of powers of a member Ears (c)
Nose – smell (e)
Tongue – Taste (e)
Hands (e)
Feet (e)
e. Destruction or permanent impairment
of the powers of any member or joint
4. Permanent impairment • Limb (e)
of the powers of a joint

Injury to
Bone, cartilage,its capsule
Nerves, blood vessels
Muscles, tendons
Skin (contractures)
f. Permanent disfiguration of head or
face
• Permanent impairment
of the appearance the
person • Limb (f)
• Only on head or face
• Cutting off of ear
• Corrosive burns – scar
• 3rd & 7th nerve palsies
g. Cut or fracture of bone , cartilage or tooth or
dislocation or subluxation of bone, joint or
tooth
1. Cut or fracture of bone Clinical examination
or cartilage
2. Cut or fracture of X ray findings
tooth
3. Dislocation or Referring to radiologist
subluxation of bone or
joint
4. Dislocation or Referring to Consultant
subluxation of tooth dental surgeon
h. Any injury which endangers life or in consequence
of which an operation involving the opening of the
thoracic , abdominal or cranial cavity is performed

1. Any injury which endangers life

2. Any injury which need Thoracic, abdominal

or cranial cavity surgery as a treatment
 ENDANGERS LIFE
An injury is said to endanger life, when there is an
existing threat to life by way of

a. Shock (reversible )
b. Haemorrhage
c. Damage to internal organs

Which may cause the death of the person

 ENDANGERS LIFE
a. Concussion following a head injury
b. Myocardial contusion
c. Complication arising as a direct result of an injury
1. Meningitis
2. Peritonitis
d. Extra dural haemorrhage ( manage with out surgery)
e. Small haemothorax or pneumothorax (manage with
inter-costal tube)
 Any injury which need Thoracic,
abdominal or cranial cavity surgery
Craniotomy
Craniectomy
Burr hole
Throacotomy
laparotomy
Insertion of inter-costal tube
Insertion of needle to release pneumothorax
 i. The sufferer to be in severe bodily pain or
unable to follow ordinary pursuits for a period
of 20 days
1. Injury causes severe
bodily pain – 20 days

2. Unable to follow • Limb (i)

ordinary pursuits – 20
days
Daily needs
Working life
Recreational activities
 Injuries Fatal in the Ordinary Course of Nature

It is an injury that would definitely result in

death in the absence of prompt and proper
medical care
 Injuries Fatal in the Ordinary Course
of Nature

a. Extra dural haemorrhage resulting in a prolonged state of

unconsciousness
b. Rapidily expanding haemothorax or pneumothorax
c. Haemopericardium with cardiac tamponade
d. Injury to major blood vessels with severe bleeding
e. Multiple injuries lead to severe shock