Welcome To Awareness Program On Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Determining Control

Welcome to awareness program
on
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment &

Determining Control
Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Project Engineering, SD - HIRA 24.07.2015
Value stream in assembly plants:
Logistics
Performance measurement and Relevant standards:
Quality Delivery Cost Environment Safety People
ISO 9001 (QMS) ISO 14001 (EMS) OHSAS 18001

Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems
SIGNIFICANCE OF OHSAS 18001
OHSAS is the Occupational Health and Safety

Assessment Series for health and safety management
systems. Occupational Health is becoming an important
business driver in present sensitive business environment.
Health and safety is directly related to productivity and
efficiency of the organization.

Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems
BENEFITS OF OHSAS-18001
• Enhanced employee motivation and acceptance regarding

occupational health and safety
• Reduction in possibilities of accidents and incidents
• Reduced health and safety related risks resulting in reduced costs
• Improved legal compliance
• Improved image and competitive ability by way of sustained OH&S

performance
• Reduced material and man-days loss due to accidents and production

breakdowns
• Lower insurance costs

OHSAS18001- Terms and Definitions
Accident
undesired event giving rise to death, ill health, injury, damage or other loss
Audit
systematic examination to determine whether activities and related results
conform to planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are
effectively implemented and are suitable for achieving the organization’s
policy and objectives
Hazard
Source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of injury or ill health,
damage to property, damage to the workplace environment , or a
combination of these
Hazard identification
Process of recognizing that a hazard exists and defining its characteristics

Incident
Event that gave rise to an accident or had the potential to lead to an accident
Non-conformance
Any deviations from work standards , practice, regulations, management
system performance etc, that would either directly or indirectly lead to injury
or illness, property damage, damage to the work place environment, or a
combination of these
Occupational health and safety

Conditions and factors that affect the well being of the employees, temporary
workers, contract personnel, visitors and any person on the work place
Risk
Combination of the likely hood and consequences of a specified hazardous
event occurring
Risk assessment
Process of estimating the magnitude of the risk and deciding whether or not
risk is tolerable

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT
(HIRA)
HIRA is the key building block of modern OH&S Management

Systems. From a legal point of view, OH&S legislation often
specifies that organizations must undertake risk assessments
on the tasks and conditions existing in their workplaces.
From a practical point of view, HIRA provides the opportunity

to be proactive and to identify situations in the workplace that
could cause injury or illness, and deal with those situations
before their consequences occur.

Where to conduct HIRA: Following are the examples of
hazards or circumstances for which risk assessment is
expected to be required include, but are not limited to:
• Noise • Vibration • Dust / silica

• Manual handling • Ergonomics • Human factors
• Electrical • Crane operations • Coal dust
• Confined spaces • Radiation • Biological hazards
• Mobile plant • Fixed plant • High pressure
• High temperature • Working at heights • Falling objects
• Excavations • Hand tools • New equipment

When to conduct HIRA
• Amendment of any legislation
• At least once in six months.
• New type of job
• Changing in existing process/activity
• Modification in site layout
• Current SOP / Method statement Changed
• New safety equipment / equipment deputed
• After any incident / accident investigation
• As a result of safety audit, safety inspection etc

Benefits of HIRA
• Hazard identification
• Risk assessment
• Implementation of risk controls
• Review of effectiveness of risk controls
• Assess mechanisms in place for reviewing, updating and
improving operating procedures.

Assessing Risk
• Main factors to be considered while assessing risk:
People
Equipment Factors Location
Process
activity

Assessing Risk
Hazard Identification
• Hazard identification is the process of identifying hazards in the
workplace or for a work procedure. In order to understand what
hazard involves, it is first necessary to understand the nature of
hazards.
• Workplace hazards can be divided into six groups:

1. Physical
2. Chemical
3. Ergonomic
4. Radiation
5. Psychological
6. Biological
Risk Assessment
• Risk management is the process of identifying, quantifying
and ranking risks and their associated losses, and developing cost
effective management strategies to eliminate or control the risks.
Procedure:
• All hazards identification and risk assessment is carried out based

on
a) Probabilities of occurrence (O) also known as Likelihood
b) Severity of hazard (S) also known as Consequences

Probability
Low
Medium High

A guideline for assessing probability of occurrence ( O ) is given below.
Occurrence Points to be considered
Category
score ( O )
- No history of occurrence (accidents, incidence including near miss)
- Work Instruction plan available and carried out.
Negligible 1 - Work instruction available and carried out.
- Operator is aware and trained.
- WI available not effectively carried out
Very low 2 - Work instruction available
- Operator aware and trained
- May occur once in 5 years.
Low 3 - WI not carried out as per plan
- Work instruction available
- Operator training not adequate
- May occur once in a year
- Occurred at-least once (accidents, incidence including near miss)
Moderate 4 - No WI plan available only breakdown carry out
- No work instruction and no operator training
- May occurred more than once (accidents, incidence including near miss
- No maintenance carried out
High 5 - No work instruction
- No operator training and awareness

Severity
High
Medium
Low

Severity

Guidelines for accessing the severity ( S ) of the hazard is as below:
Category Severity score ( S ) Points to be considered
-No one is affected

In significant 1
-No effect
-Minor cuts and bruise to fingers, hand and leg.
Very low 2 -One person is affected.
-No work stoppage.
-Minor cuts and bruise to fingers, hand and leg
Low 3 -One person is affected.

-Work stoppage for not exceeding one hour
-Minor discomfort.
-Major injury to fingers hand and leg
-Injury to eye/head
Moderate 4 -Injury due to chemical burns.
-Exposure to dust, noise smoke and excess temperature.
-Discomfort and bodily pain.
-Injury leading to fatality.
High 5 -Long-term ill effects.
-Many persons are affected.

Severity rating and occurrence rating are multiplied to get the total
rating.
Evaluation of the Risk / Risk assessment Matrix
Probability:
5 5 15 25
5 – Certain
3 – Likely
3 3 9 15 1 – Unlikely
Increasing Probability
Severity:
1 1 3 5
5 – Catastrophic
1 3 5
3 – Major
1 – Minor
Increasing Severity

Controlling Risk Level
To decide on the risk control there is a hierarchy of risk control i.e.
1. Eliminate hazard E.g. eliminating the need to work in a confined space.
E.g. using a hydraulic machine in wet condition instead of

2. Substitution
electrical power driven machine to avoid shock hazards.
3. Engineering control E.g. installing guarding on equipment or

operating machinery remotely
E.g. displaying warning signs

4. Administrative controls or providing safety training
E.g. using respiratory protection to

5. PPE
minimize exposure to inhalation of
silica dust, fine particles, cement dust
etc.

Controlling Risk Level
• How do you reduce risk? If you want to reduce the risk, you’ll need to:
• Reduce Probability
• Reduce Severity
• Reduce both
Reduce Probability
5 5 15 25
3 3 9 15
1 1 3 5
1 3 5
Reduce Severity

Risk control measure
Sl.No Category Details
1 Provision of Personal Goggles, Gloves, Aprons, Mask, Ear Plugs, Boots, Helmets, Safety
protective equipment (PPE) Belts
2 Provision Of Work - Written provision of work instruction covering all aspects of safe
Instruction operation
- Work permit and instruction for subcontractors
- Instruction for suppliers
3 Safety Provision - Safety guards, Safety inter locks, Double handed operations,
Photo sensors, dust collectors / Extractors, Fume Collectors,
Noise Enclosures.
- Provision for safe handling of tools and equipments.
- Provision of equipments for safe operation (auto feeder, hydraulic
trolley)
- Gas leak detectors.
4 Measurements - Air quality
- Noise
- Dust level
5 Monitoring - Periodic check of leak detectors
- Preventive maintenance of equipment covering
- Dust collectors & Fume extractors
- Safety provisions including guards, sensors
- Inspection of lifting equipments and tackles
- Periodic maintenance of handling equipments
Risk Register
Ref.No.: OHS xxxxx
Hazards identification, Risk & Risk assessment Rev. No.:
Effective Date:
Sl.No Activity/Situation Hazard Risk Risk Legal Risk Control Measures

assessment
S O S*O Y/N PPE Safety Work Monitoring Measurement Remarks

Provision Instruction
s
Page No.:
Prepared by: Approved by:

Clarifications

Feedback

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Welcome to awareness program

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment &

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Performance measurement and Relevant standards:

Quality Delivery Cost Environment Safety People

ISO 9001 (QMS) ISO 14001 (EMS) OHSAS 18001

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

SIGNIFICANCE OF OHSAS 18001

OHSAS is the Occupational Health and Safety

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

• Enhanced employee motivation and acceptance regarding

• Reduction in possibilities of accidents and incidents

• Reduced health and safety related risks resulting in reduced costs

• Improved legal compliance

• Improved image and competitive ability by way of sustained OH&S

• Reduced material and man-days loss due to accidents and production

• Lower insurance costs

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Occupational health and safety

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

HIRA is the key building block of modern OH&S Management

From a practical point of view, HIRA provides the opportunity

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

• Noise • Vibration • Dust / silica

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

• At least once in six months.

• New type of job

• Changing in existing process/activity

• Modification in site layout

• Current SOP / Method statement Changed

• New safety equipment / equipment deputed

• After any incident / accident investigation

• As a result of safety audit, safety inspection etc

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

• Implementation of risk controls

• Review of effectiveness of risk controls

• Assess mechanisms in place for reviewing, updating and

improving operating procedures.

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Equipment Factors Location

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

• Workplace hazards can be divided into six groups:

• All hazards identification and risk assessment is carried out based

a) Probabilities of occurrence (O) also known as Likelihood

b) Severity of hazard (S) also known as Consequences

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Category Severity score ( S ) Points to be considered

-No one is affected

Low 3 -One person is affected.

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

1. Eliminate hazard E.g. eliminating the need to work in a confined space.

E.g. using a hydraulic machine in wet condition instead of

3. Engineering control E.g. installing guarding on equipment or

E.g. displaying warning signs

E.g. using respiratory protection to

Volvo Group Trucks Operations

Volvo Group Trucks Operations