Useful Radiography Formulas

EXPOSURE FACTOR HVT(Steel ) of Ir192

= 13.0 mm
Film Density
Thickness HVT ( Lead ) of IR 192
(mm) = 5.5 mm
2.00 2.50
3.175 0.072 0.091 HVT ( Concrete) of IR 192
6.350 0.082 0.110 = 43.0 mm

9.525 0.099 0.130

Radioactive Isotope Decay Formula
12.700 0.125 0.150
15.880 0.150 0.180 Cp = Co / 2n
19.050 0.180 0.210
22.230 0.200 0.250 Where:
n = t 74.4 days
25.400 0.240 0.295 t = no. of days
28.575 0.280 0.350 Cp = Curies after t number of days
Co = Original Curies
31.750 0.340 0.410 74.4 days = Half life of IR 192
34.925 0.390 0.495
38.100 0.465 0.595
41.275 0.557 0.702 Safe Distance Formula
44.450 1.650 0.810 SD = Curie x 130 x 37 meters
7.5
47.625 0.777 1.030
Geometrical Un-sharpness
50.800 0.905 1.250
Ug = Focal size x Material Thickness
Exposure Time = [EF x D2( inch) x FF] Distance
Curies
Where: Max. Req’d = 0.020 inch or 0.503 mm.

EF = Exposure Factor
Inverse Square Law
D = Distance in inches
FF = Film Factor I 1 D1 2 = I 2 D2 2

Agfa D7
FF = 1
Kodak MX Exposure Time - Distance Relationship
FF = 2.5
T 1 D2 2 = T 2 D1 2

Half Value Thickness

Curie – Exposure Time Relationship
I = IO
2n C1 T 1 = C 2 T 2
Where:

Io = Initial Intensity
I = Second Intensity Conversion Factors
n = number of HVT
1.0 Curie = 37 Gbq = 37 x 10 12 Bq
Tenth Value Thickness 1.0 Gray = 100 Rads
1.0 Sv = 100 Rems
I = IO
10 n
Where:
Output @ 1.0 meter IR 192
Io = Initial Intensity = 0.48 R/hr/ Ci
I = Second Intensity
n = number of TVT = 130 microSv/hr/GBq
Alternative HVT Formula

No. of HVT = Log I – Log Io

Log 2