Finite Element Analysis Lab Report

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS LAB REPORT
Experiment No: 7
Objective:
(a) The three-dimensional truss shown in the figure below is made of steel (E=29×10 6
lb/in2. The cross-sectional area of each member is 3.093 in2. Cartesian Coordinates
of the joints with respect to the coordinate system are given in feet. Determine the
deflection of each joint, stress in each member and reaction forces.
(b) During a maintenance process the three-dimensional truss in part (a) the member
AB is replaced with a member the following properties: E= 28×10 6 lb/in2 and A=
2.246 in2. Determine the deflection of each joint, stress in each member and reaction
forces for this new configuration and compare the results obtained in part (a).
Figure:
Procedure:
Discretization:
1. There were 9 elements and 5 nodes of the above figure.
Working in ANSYS Mechanical APDL:
2. On ANSYS software, The job name was changed from file<job name as shown below:
3. The directory was changed from file<change directory option as shown below:
4. Analysis type was changed by selecting preferences<structural and then click OK.
Pre Processing Phase:
5. Element type was changed by

selecting
Preprocessor<Add/Edit/Delete<Link<3D finit stn 180 and then press OK.

6. For defining real constants, the given area was used for the corresponding elements. Go
to preprocessor<Real constants<Add/edit/delete. Now add area i-e 3.093 in2. Press OK.
7. The material properties were selected by going to material model and then select
Structural<linear<elastic<isotropic and add Modulus of Elasticity = 29 e 6 and PRXY
value = 0.3, press OK.
Figure 1
8. Nodes were created by selecting modeling<create<nodes<in active CS. For Node 1 put
X=0,Y=0 Z=0, press apply (Node 1 is created).
Similarly Nodes 2,3,4 and 5 were created by putting the values of X = 48,0,0,0 , Y= 0,0,0,48
and for Z= 0,-24,24,0 and at the end press OK. All 5 nodes were created as shown below:
9. Nodes were not displayed properly on the screen. Nodes were displayed properly by
going to Plot ctrls<Pan zoom rotate<Select the obliq or iso view. Nodes were displayed
on the screen.
10. Nodes were joined by going to modelling<create<elements<auto numbered<thru nodes

and pick node 1 and 2, press OK (Nodes 1 and 2 are joined) as shown below:
Figure 2
The above step was repeated for joining remaining nodes one by one from 1-3,1-4,1-5,4-5,4-2,3-
5 and 3-2 as shown below:
11. Actual element size and style was plotted by going to Plot ctrls<size and shape<Display
of element shapes based on real constant values < ON <OK.
Solution Phase:
15. Now select solution<solve<current LS (status was displayed on screen) and “Solution is
done” message was displayed on the screen as shown below:
Post processing phase:

16. Select Plot results< Deformed shape< def+undeformed<OK.
17. Now go to general postproc<list results<nodal solution<DOF solution<displacement

vector sum then press OK.(Displacements in x, y and z direction were displayed with
node numbers).
Figure 3
18. Now go to list results<Reaction solution< All items and then press OK.(Reaction forces
for all nodes were displayed).
Figure 17
19. Now select plot results<contour plot<nodal solution<DOF solution< Displacement vector
sum <OK. Nodal solution was displayed on the screen.
20. Select Element table<Define table<add (User label for item = Axstress) <By sequence
number< LS,1 <OK<close.
21. Element table was listed by selecting Element table<List Element table<Select
“Axstress’’ <OK.(Axial stress values were displayed for every element).
22. Element table was plotted by going to Element table<plot element table< Ax stress< OK.
23. Now go to plotctrl<animate<deformed shape<def+undeformed and then press OK.
Part (b):
Same procedure was followed except we added second set of real constants and second material
model.
1. Second real constant was added by selecting Real
constants<Add/Edit/Delete<Add<OK<Real constant Set No 2<cross sectional area (i-e
2.246 in2)<OK<close.
2. The second material properties were selected by going to material models<material<New

model<Define material ID 2<OK and then select Structural<linear<elastic<isotropic and
add Modulus of Elasticity = 28 e 6 and PRXY value = 0.3, press OK.
3. The member AB was deleted by going to Modeling <Delete<Elements<Pick member

AB<OK as shown below: After that the elements were verified by selecting List
results<Element solution (showing that element 6 was deleted).
4. The new member AB was added by first going to modelling<create<Elements<Elements

attributes<Select material No2<Select Real constant 2<OK.
5. The Member AB was added by going to Modelling<create<Elements<auto
numbered<thru nodes<Create element< by picking the respective nodes of member AB.
6. For verifying that either Member AB was added or not, select list results<Elements.
(Element 10 was added in the list) as shown below:
7. Now Solution<solve<current LS was selected.

8. Same procedure was followed for Post processing steps.
Deformations:
Element table:
Reaction Solution:
RESULTS TABLES:
Joint Deformations: Table 1:
Node No Deformation Vector Sum (in):
Part (a) Part (b)
-3 -3
1 0.1644×10 0.1927×10
2 0.5308×10-3 0.6182×10-3
3 0 0
4 0 0
5 0 0
Support Reactions: Table 2:

Node No Reaction forces (lb.) Reaction forces (lb.)
Part (a) Part (b)
Fx Fy Fz Fx Fy Fz
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 275 0 212.5 275 0 212.5
4 -25 0 87.5 -25 0 87.5
5 -250 500 0 -250 500 0
Total 0 500 300 0 500 300
Axial Stresses in Members: Table 3:

Element Number Axial Stress (lb./in2)
Part (a) Part (b)
1 0 0
2 -24.248 -24.248
3 24.248 24.248
4 80.828 80.282
5 -99.405 -
6 114.31 114.31
7 9.0368 9.0368
8 0 0
9 0 0
10 - -136.899

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FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS LAB REPORT

Pre Processing Phase:

5. Element type was changed by

Preprocessor<Add/Edit/Delete<Link<3D finit stn 180 and then press OK.

10. Nodes were joined by going to modelling<create<elements<auto numbered<thru nodes

Post processing phase:

17. Now go to general postproc<list results<nodal solution<DOF solution<displacement

23. Now go to plotctrl<animate<deformed shape<def+undeformed and then press OK.

2. The second material properties were selected by going to material models<material<New

3. The member AB was deleted by going to Modeling <Delete<Elements<Pick member

4. The new member AB was added by first going to modelling<create<Elements<Elements

7. Now Solution<solve<current LS was selected.

8. Same procedure was followed for Post processing steps.

Support Reactions: Table 2:

Axial Stresses in Members: Table 3:

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