How To Estimate Formworks of Columns, Beams, and Girders

9/3/2019 How to Estimate Formworks of Columns, Beams, and Girders | Owlcation
How to Estimate Formworks of Columns, Beams, and

Girders
Updated on July 9, 2018
Ray more
JR has a Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering and specializes in Structural Engineering. He loves to write anything about education.
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Formworks for Construction

Formworks are frameworks of materials used to enclose concrete mixtures of different shapes and sizes. It is a temporary structure built in a way that it is
easy to assemble and disassemble. Formworks must be economical, stable, and reusable. The materials used for formworks are wood, metal, plastic and
composite materials. But wood and metal are the two most popular construction materials used for formworks. In building formworks, you have to make sure
that it can withstand the pressure and tear and wear. There are five examples provided. The first problems below explain how to estimate plywoods and
wood frames. Also, you will learn how to estimate metal black sheets, vertical supports, and circumferential ties for circular formworks.
How to Estimate Formworks for Beams and Columns | Source
Formworks for Square and Rectangular Columns

Formwork for square and rectangular columns consists of plywood forms surrounding the four long lateral faces of a column. It is wise to use plywood in
making formwork for square and rectangular columns because it is economical and handy. There are few things to consider in estimating plywood and wood
frames. Consider first the size of the plywood. There are few commercial sizes for plywood. Consider next the size of the lumber or wood frame. Lumber or
wood frame supports the plywood. Lastly, consider the type of framework to use. The continuous rib type and stud type are the two types of a wood
https://owlcation.com/stem/How-to-Estimate-Marble-Tiles-To-Use 1/9
framework for formworks. Formworks for columns start from the boundary between footing and column. Learn the step-by-step procedure from the examples
below.
Thickness (mm) Width (m/ft) Length (m/ft)
4 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)
4 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)
6 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)
6 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)
12 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)
12 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)
20 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)
20 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)
25 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)
25 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)
Table 1: Commercial Sizes for Plywood
Area (Square Inches) Lengths (ft) Length (m)
2" x 2" 6 1.83
2" x 3" 8 2.44
10 3.05
12 3.666
14 4.27
16 4.88
18 5.49
20 6.10
22 6.71
24 7.32
Table 2: Commercial Sizes for Lumber or Wood Frame
Size of Wood JAHNBAR

Frame/Lumber 1/4"
RADAThickness
HEGER 1/2"JOEL
OSBERT Thickness
C
2" Simple
x 2" Modern Howboard
29.67 to Calculate
foot What Is aboard
20.33 Buchholz
foot
MAVEN
2" Homes
x 3" and Plans Quickly
44.50 boardWithout
foot a Relay and
30.50 How
board foot
Calculator Does It Work?
Table 3: Multiplier for Wood Frames or Lumber
Problem 1: Continuous Rib Type Form for Square Columns

A storage warehouse consists of eight concrete posts of dimensions 0.20 m x 0.20 m x 3.00 m. If you are to create a continuous rib type formwork for this
warehouse, how much will you need for the following materials:
a. 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood

b. 2" x 2" x 20' Wood Frame
How to Estimate Formworks of Square Columns | Source
A. Solving for the 1/4" x 4' x 8' Plywood Form

1. The formula for solving the required number of pieces of plywood for formworks of square columns is P = 2 ( a + b ) + 0.20. 'P' is the perimeter of the
column you want to estimate, 'a' is the shorter side and 'b' is the longer side. The constant value 0.20 is the value to consider for the lapping of form joints.
Perimeter = 2 ( a + b ) + 0.20
Perimeter = 2 ( 0.20 + 0.20 ) + 0.20
Perimeter = 1.00 meter
2. Multiply the value of perimeter obtained by the height of the column. The resulting value is the total surface area of the lateral faces of the column.
Area = Perimeter ( Length of a column )

Area = 1.00 ( 3.00 )
Area = 3.00 square meters
3. Solve for the total area of the columns in the storage warehouse. Multiply the obtained area by the number of columns in the storage warehouse. There
are eight concrete posts so multiply it by 8.
Total Area = Area ( Number of columns )

JAHNBAR RADA HEGER OSBERT JOEL C
Total Area = 3.00 ( 8 ) Simple Modern How to Calculate What Is a Buchholz
Total Area = 24 square meters
MAVEN
Homes and Plans Quickly Without a Relay and How

4. Solve for the area of the plywood you will use. In this case, the required size of plywood is 4' x 8'. Converting that to meters,
Calculator Does Itit Work?
is equal to 1.20 meters x
2.40 meters.
Area of plywood = 1.20 (2.40)

Area of plywood = 2.88 square meters
5. Divide the total area by the area of one plywood.
Number of pieces = Total Area / Area of plywood

Number of pieces = 24 square meters / 2.88 square meters
Number of pieces = 8.333 = 9 pieces of 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood
B. Solving for the 2" x 2" Wood Frame

1. Multiply the number of phenolic plywood obtained by the multiplier from Table 3.
Total Board Foot = 9 pieces ( 29.67 board foot )

Total Board Foot = 267 board feet of 2" x 2" x 20' wood frame / lumber
2. Get the number of pieces of wood lumber by dividing the total board foot by the volume of the lumber in cubic inches.
Number of pieces = Total Board foot / Volume of Lumber in cubic inches

Number of pieces = 267 / ( (2) (2) (20/12) )
Number of pieces = 41 pieces of 2" x 2" x 20' wood frame / lumber
Problem 2: Continuous Rib Type Form for Rectangular Columns

Ten concrete posts' dimensions is 0.40 x 0.50 x 6.00 m. Estimate the required amount of the following materials:
a.1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood
b. 2" x 3" Wood Frame
How to Estimate Formworks of Rectangular Columns | Source
A. Solving for the 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood Form

1. The formula for solving the required number of pieces of plywood for formworks of rectangular columns is P = 2 ( a + b ) + 0.20. 'P' is the perimeter of the
column you want to estimate, 'a' is the shorter side and 'b' is the longer side. The constant value 0.20 is the value to consider for the lapping of form joints.
Perimeter = 2 ( a + b ) + 0.20
Perimeter = 2 ( 0.40 + 0.50 ) + 0.20
Perimeter = 2.00 meters
2. Multiply the value of perimeter obtained by the height of the column. The resulting value is the total surface area of the lateral faces of the column.
Area = Perimeter ( Length of a column )

Area = 2.00 ( 6.00 ) JAHNBAR RADA HEGER OSBERT JOEL C
Simple Modern How to Calculate What Is a Buchholz
MAVEN
3. Solve for the total areaHomes and Plans

of the columns. Quickly
Multiply the obtained area by the Without
number a There are ten concrete Relay
of columns. posts soand Howit by 10.
multiply
Total Area = Area ( Number of columns ) Calculator Does It Work?

Total Area = 12.00 ( 10 )
Total Area = 120 square meters
4. Solve for the area of the plywood you will use. In this case, the required size of plywood is 4' x 8'. Converting that to meters, it is equal to 1.20 meters x
2.40 meters.


Number of pieces = 120 square meters / 2.88 square meters
Number of pieces = 41.67 = 42 pieces of 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood


Number of pieces = 1869 / ( (2) (3) (20/12) )
Formworks for Circular Columns

You can't use plywood for formworks of circular columns. Plywood is not bendable. Instead, you use metal sheets for formworks of circular columns. You can
either use plain galvanized iron sheets or black metal sheets. The primary use of these sheets are formworks for circular, elliptical, and all other shapes with
irregularity. They are perfect materials for formworks of circular columns because they conform to the shape of concrete.
Number of Black Metal Sheets Length of 15 cm. Spacing Length of 20 cm. Spacing
Size of Black Metal Sheets Per Square Meter Vertical Ribs (m) Vertical Ribs (m) Length of Circular Ties (m)
0.90 m. x 2.40 m. 0.462 25 18 9.52
1.20 m. x 2.40 m. 0.347 25 18 9.52
Table 4: Specifications for Black Metal Sheets
Problem 3: Metal Black Sheets for Circular Columns

A two-story office building has ten circular concrete columns with a diameter of 50 centimeters and height of 6.00 meters. Determine the required number of
0.90 m. x 2.40 m. metal black sheets, 20 cm. vertical supports, and circumferential ties for the circular columns.

MAVEN

How to Estimate Formworks for Circular Columns | Source
A. Solving for Metal Black Sheet for Circular Columns

1. Solve for the circumference of a circular column. The formula for the circumference of a circle is C = πD or C = 2πr. 'C' is the circumference of the circle,
'D' is the diameter of the circle, and 'r' is the radius of the circle. The circular column has a diameter of 50 centimeters. Convert this measurement to meters.
Circumference = π ( 0.50 meters )

Circumference = 1.57 meters
2. Solve for the area of a circular column. Multiply the circumference obtained by the total height of a circular column. The height of the column given is 6.00
meters.
Area = Circumference ( Height of a column )

Area = 1.57 meters ( 6.00 meters )
3. Solve for the total area of the columns of the two-story office building. There are ten circular concrete columns in the building. Multiply the area of one
column by the number of columns.
Total Area = Column Area ( Number of Columns )

Total Area = 9.42 ( 10 )
Total Area = 94.20 square meters
4. Solve for the number of black metal sheets required. Table 4 shows the number of black metal sheets per square meter. Multiply the total area by 0.462.
Number of sheets = Total Area ( 0.462 )

Number of sheets = 94.20 ( 0.462 )
Number of sheets = 44 sheets of 0.90 m. x 2.40 m. metal black sheets
B. Solving for Vertical Support Ribs for Circular Columns

1. Given the spacing distance of vertical supports is 20 cm, solve for the number of pieces of vertical ribs. Multiply the total area obtained by the multiplier in
Table 4. The multiplier is 25.00 meters.
Length = 94.20 ( 25 )
Length = 2,355.00 meters
2. The commercial length of vertical ribs is 6.00 meters. Divide the total length obtained by 6.00 to get the number of pieces.
Number of pieces = Total Length / 6.00 meters

Number of pieces = 2,355.00 / 6.00
Number of pieces = 393 pieces of vertical support ribs
C. Solving for Circumferential Ties for Circular Columns

1. Multiply the total area obtained by the multiplier in Table 4. The multiplier is 9.52 meters.
Length = 94.20 ( 9.52 )

Length = 897 meters
2. The commercial length of steel bars is 6.00 meters. Divide the total length obtained by the commercial length of steel bars.
Number of pieces = Total Length / 6.00 meters

Number of pieces = 897.00 / 6.00
Number of pieces = 150 pieces of circumferential ties
Formworks for Beams and Girders

Just like in square columns, formworks for beams and girders use plywood as well. But you still have the option to use metal sheets. There is a slight
difference in the formula for the solving the formworks of beams. Since beams are horizontal structural elements, only three faces of the beam use plywood
forms. These faces are the side faces and the bottom face. Covering of top faces are not allowed since it will serve as the passage of concrete.
Problem 4: Formworks for Concrete Beams

A residential house has eight concrete beams having dimensions of 0. 30 m x 0.40 m. x 3.00 m. Estimate the following materials needed:
a. 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood

b. 2" x 2" Wood Frame Simple Modern How to Calculate What Is a Buchholz
MAVEN

How to Estimate Formworks for Beams | Source
A. Solving for 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood
1. The formula for solving the required number of pieces of plywood for formworks of beams is P = 2 ( d ) + b + 0.10. 'P' is the perimeter of the three sides
you want to estimate, 'd' is the length of the vertical side and 'b' is the bottom form. The constant value 0.10 is the value to consider for the lapping of form
joints.
Perimeter = 2 ( d ) + b + 0.10.
Perimeter = 2 ( 0.40 ) + 0.30 + 0.10
2. Multiply the value of perimeter obtained by the length of the beam. The resulting value is the total surface area of the three faces of the beam.
Area = Perimeter ( Length of a beam )

Area = 1.20 ( 3.00 )
3. Solve for the total area of the beams. Multiply the obtained area by the number of beams. There are eight concrete beams so multiply it by 8.
Total Area = Area ( Number of beams )

Total Area = 3.60 ( 8 )
4. Solve for the area of the plywood you will use. In this case, the required size of plywood is 4' x 8'. Converting that to meters, it is equal to 1.20 meters x
2.40 meters.


Number of pieces = 28.80 square meters / 2.88 square meters
Number of pieces = 10 pieces of 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood


Total Board Foot = 296.7 board feet of 2" x 2" x 20' wood frame / lumber

Number of pieces = 297 / ( (2) (2) (20/12) )
Number of pieces = 45 pieces
JAHNBARof 2" x 2" x 20' wood frame / lumber RADA HEGER OSBERT JOEL C
Problem 5: Formworks for Concrete Girders
MAVEN

There are four concrete girders in a residential house. The girder has a general dimension of 0.40 m x 0.60 m x 6.00 m.Does
Calculator It Work?
Estimate the following materials:
a. 1/2" x 4' x 8' Marine Plywood
b. 2" x 3" Lumber Frame
How to Estimate Formworks for Girders | Source
A. Solving for 1/2" x 4' x 8' Marine Plywood

1. The formula for solving the required number of pieces of plywood for formworks of girders is P = 2 ( d ) + b + 0.10. 'P' is the perimeter of the three sides
you want to estimate, 'd' is the length of the vertical side and 'b' is the bottom form. The constant value 0.10 is the value to consider for the lapping of form
joints.
Perimeter = 2 ( d ) + b + 0.10.
Perimeter = 2 ( 0.60 ) + 0.40 + 0.10
2. Multiply the value of perimeter obtained by the length of the girder. The resulting value is the total surface area of the three faces of the girder.
Area = Perimeter ( Length of a girder )

Area = 1.70 ( 6.00 )
3. Solve for the total area of the girders. Multiply the obtained area by the number of girders. There are four concrete girders so multiply it by 4.
Total Area = Area ( Number of girders )

Total Area = 10.20 ( 4 ) Simple Modern How to Calculate What Is a Buchholz
MAVEN

4. Solve for the area of the plywood you will use. In this case, the required size of plywood is 4' x 8'. Converting that to meters,
Calculator Does Itit Work?
is equal to 1.20 meters x
2.40 meters.


Number of pieces = 40.80 square meters / 2.88 square meters
Number of pieces = 15 pieces of 1/2" x 4' x 8' Marine Plywood

1. Multiply the number of marine plywood obtained by the multiplier from Table 3.


Number of pieces = 668 / ( (2) (3) (20/12) )
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9/3/2019 How to Estimate Formworks of Columns, Beams, and Girders | Owlcation

How to Estimate Formworks of Columns, Beams, and

Formworks for Construction

How to Estimate Formworks for Beams and Columns | Source

Formworks for Square and Rectangular Columns

Thickness (mm) Width (m/ft) Length (m/ft)

4 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)

4 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)

6 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)

6 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)

12 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)

12 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)

20 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)

20 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)

25 0.90 m. (3 ft.) 1.80 m (6 ft.)

25 1.20 m. (4 ft.) 2.40 m. (8 ft.)

Table 1: Commercial Sizes for Plywood

Area (Square Inches) Lengths (ft) Length (m)

2" x 2" 6 1.83

2" x 3" 8 2.44

Table 2: Commercial Sizes for Lumber or Wood Frame

Size of Wood JAHNBAR

Problem 1: Continuous Rib Type Form for Square Columns

a. 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood

How to Estimate Formworks of Square Columns | Source

A. Solving for the 1/4" x 4' x 8' Plywood Form

Area = Perimeter ( Length of a column )

Total Area = Area ( Number of columns )

Homes and Plans Quickly Without a Relay and How

Area of plywood = 1.20 (2.40)

5. Divide the total area by the area of one plywood.

Number of pieces = Total Area / Area of plywood

B. Solving for the 2" x 2" Wood Frame

Total Board Foot = 9 pieces ( 29.67 board foot )

Number of pieces = Total Board foot / Volume of Lumber in cubic inches

Problem 2: Continuous Rib Type Form for Rectangular Columns

a.1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood

b. 2" x 3" Wood Frame

How to Estimate Formworks of Rectangular Columns | Source

A. Solving for the 1/4" x 4' x 8' Phenolic Plywood Form

Area = Perimeter ( Length of a column )

3. Solve for the total areaHomes and Plans

Total Area = Area ( Number of columns ) Calculator Does It Work?

Area of plywood = 1.20 (2.40)

5. Divide the total area by the area of one plywood.

Number of pieces = Total Area / Area of plywood

B. Solving for the 2" x 3" Wood Frame

Total Board Foot = 42 pieces ( 44.50 board foot )

Formworks for Circular Columns

0.90 m. x 2.40 m. 0.462 25 18 9.52

1.20 m. x 2.40 m. 0.347 25 18 9.52

Table 4: Specifications for Black Metal Sheets

Problem 3: Metal Black Sheets for Circular Columns

JAHNBAR RADA HEGER OSBERT JOEL C

Homes and Plans Quickly Without a Relay and How

How to Estimate Formworks for Circular Columns | Source

A. Solving for Metal Black Sheet for Circular Columns

Circumference = π ( 0.50 meters )

Area = Circumference ( Height of a column )

Total Area = Column Area ( Number of Columns )

Number of sheets = Total Area ( 0.462 )

B. Solving for Vertical Support Ribs for Circular Columns

Number of pieces = Total Length / 6.00 meters