Design of flood early warning system with wifi network based on smartphone

Ahyar Supani, Yuli Andriani, and Ahmad Taqwa

Citation: AIP Conference Proceedings 1903, 110001 (2017); doi: 10.1063/1.5011627

View online: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5011627
View Table of Contents: http://aip.scitation.org/toc/apc/1903/1
Published by the American Institute of Physics

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AIP Conference Proceedings 1903, 100014 (2017); 10.1063/1.5011624
 Design of Flood Early Warning System with WiFi Network
Based on Smartphone
Ahyar Supani1, a) and Yuli Andriani2, b), Ahmad Taqwa3, c)
1
State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya, Srijaya Negara Street, Palembang, Indonesia
2
Sriwijaya University, Palembang Inderalaya Road, Inderalaya, Indonesia
3
State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya, Srijaya Negara Street, Palembang, Indonesia
a)
Corresponding author: ahyarsupani@polsri.ac.id
b)
yuliandriani@unsri.ac.id
c)
a_taqwa@yahoo.com

Abstract. Today, the development using internet of things enables activities surrounding us to be monitored, controlled,
predicted and calculated remotely through connections to the internet network such as monitoring activities of long-
distance flood warning with information technology. Applying an information technology in the field of flood early
warning has been developed in the world, either connected to internet network or not. The internet network that has been
done in this paper is the design of WiFi network to access data of rainfall, water level and flood status at any time with a
smartphone coming from flood early warning system. The results obtained when test of data accessing with smartphone
are in form of rainfall and water level graphs against time and flood status indicators consisting of 3 flood states: Standby
2, Standby 1 and Flood. It is concluded that data are from flood early warning system has been able to accessed and
displayed on smartphone via WiFi network in any time and real time.

INTRODUCTION
Palembang city often floods every year. In the case of floods, the city government is always doing in a physical
way, not yet with the approach of information technology. Meanwhile, in the world of flood control is a major
project by applying information technology as presented on [1], a main problem is the design of early warning
system in disaster management and flood protection. The paper explained computational workflow of early warning
system namely Sensor Cabinet module in dike sends data to Monitoring Sensor module. And then, Monitoring
Sensor module gives data to artificial intelligent detector that functions for data filter and identification of dike
behavior abnormalities or failure sensor. The calculation of dike failure probability caused by high abnormal water
level, storm and very heavy rainfall is conducted by Reliability Analysis module. Meanwhile the dynamics of dike
failure, calculation of water discharge and estimation of total time of flood are implemented by Breach Simulator.
After that, the model simulation of inundation dynamic is described by Flood Simulator. The results of all modules
are fed into Decision Support System (DSS) connecting to internet that could be accessed by people. Other
researches are categorized as mayor project applying the approach of information technology as presented on [2],
[3], [4], [5], [6] also use software to simulate flood variables of a region. Meanwhile, the category of minor projects
and low cost as presented on [7] developing a system monitoring the water level of river and according to the risk
with the level, triggers emergency alerts to the authorities through telephone calls and SMS messages. And it also
based on another [8] developing a flood early warning system with informational technology by means of detecting,
calculating variables of flood cause (water level and rainfall) automatically, predicting flood and sending flood
status data to people via short message service (SMS). SMS information is problematic if the SMS provider is
problematic. So, in my paper has developed the design of WiFi network on flood early warning system. This WiFi
network is useful to access water level, rainfall in graphs and flood status data in light indicator on smartphone
display.

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Construction and Building Engineering (ICONBUILD) 2017
AIP Conf. Proc. 1903, 110001-1–110001-5; https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5011627
Published by AIP Publishing. 978-0-7354-1591-1/$30.00

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 In this Flood Early Warning System (FEWS) module is equipped with memory to store data of measurement
results. For accessing data can be done via WiFi network connected to internet, first the users connect their
smartphone to hotspot of smartphone of FEWS module.

METHODS
Computational workflow of the FEWS module connecting to WiFi network is structured as shown in Figure 1. A
part of input consists of rainfall and water level sensor used as input of process. The rainfall sensor is a tipping
bucket having a volume of 500 ml/minutes for once tip. The water level sensor is a sonar (ultrasonic) that functions
monitoring water level of river. The process module is a microcontroller to calculate water level, rainfall and predict
the status of flood. After that, all informations are stored in storage or memory card. A part of output is WiFi
network.
In predicting status of flood, system applies Artificial Intelligence (AI) with two input variables (rainfall and
water level). The used algorithm in AI is fuzzy logic. Then, both parameters were provided about 5 meters for height
of river to bottom and 500 ml/minutes for rainfall.

Input Process

Rainfall COMPUTATION
( rainfall sensor )

- Rainfall Value
- Water Level Value
- Prediction of Flood Status
By Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Water level
(water level sensor ) Flood early warning
system (FEWS)

Output

Smartphone Wifi module

hotspot Wemos ESP 8266

- rainfall intensity
internet (ml/ hours )
- river water
level (meters ) Design of
- status of flood wifi network
Smartphone’s people

FIGURE 1. Design of WiFi network connecting to FEWS

The WiFi network design as shown Fig. 1 uses the WiFi wemos module D1 R2 as a microcontroller module that
is compatible to the module of microcontroller arduino uno but wemos D1 R2 based on module ESP8266-12. The
programming language that is used to program wemos D1 R2 is C- language but a modul ESP8266 has many
library.
In programming on Wemos D1 R2 board can use an arduino IDE application, wemos D1 R2 has 11 digital
input/output pins, 1 analog input pin, micro usb for connection, and 9-24V power jack input power.
And then, the development of application graph uses a blynk application program. A blynk application can be
downloaded in playstore of smartphone. The first project development, we must send new project to blynk server to
get “Auth Token” as shown in Fig. 2 and blynk server send back “Auth Token” to email address.
And then, the development of application graph uses a blynk application program. A blynk application can be
downloaded in playstore of smartphone. The first project development, we must send new project to blynk server to
get “Auth Token” as shown in Fig. 2 and blynk server send back “Auth Token” to email address.

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 FIGURE 2. New project of blynk application and asking for Auth Token

Auth Token is a code consisting of numbers and letters that is an address of built blynk application. Auth Token
is written in source code in C language and embedded in WiFi module ESP 8266, see the following script example.

Example, script writes Auth Token:

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>

// You should get Auth Token in the Blynk App.

// Go to the Project Settings (nut icon).

char auth[] = "526d69393ec6428492f9951d04837e40";

// Your WiFi credentials.
// Set password to "" for open networks.
char ssid[] = "gati";
char pass[] = "qwertyasdf";

The Project development of blynk application has finished, and then the blynk application must be share to
people’s smartphone that wants to access data of water level, rainfall and flood status via WiFi network.
A smartphone installed as shown in Fig. 1 objecting to interface data in wemos WiFi module ESP 8266 to
internet network and the smartphone functions as hotspot.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Firstly, the result of test accessed data of water level, rainfall and green light indicator of flood status for
“Standby 2 (S2)” via WiFi network by smartphone as shown on Fig. 3 (a) and (b). Both graph of water level and
rainfall are against time (s) and the Fig. 3 (b) is longer test. Green light indicator is on when water level reaches 3
meters and rainfall 250, 310 and 380 ml/mnt.

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 (a) (b)
FIGURE 3. (a) Data of water level, rainfall and green light indicator (1), (b) Data of water level, rainfall and green light indicator
(2)

The result of second test accessed data of water level, rainfall and yellow light indicator of flood status for
“Standby 1 (S1)” via Wi-Fi network by smartphone as shown on Fig. 4 (a) and (b). Yellow light indicator is on
when water level is 4 m and rainfall 250 ml/min in Fig. 4 (a) but in Fig. 4 (b), yellow light indicator is on when
rainfall reach 250 ml/min and water level reach 5 m.

(a) (b)
FIGURE 4. (a) Data of water level, rainfall and yellow light indicator (1), (b) Data of water level, rainfall and yellow light
indicator (2)

The result of third test accessed data of water level, rainfall and red light indicator of flood status for “Flood” via
WiFi network by smartphone as shown on Fig. 5 (a) and (b). The water level reaches 5 m and rainfall has 350, 380
ml/min that actives red light indicator.

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 (a) (b)
FIGURE 5. (a) Data of water level, rainfall and red light indicator (1), (b) Data of water level, rainfall and red light indicator (2)

CONCLUSIONS
The accessing of water level, rainfall and flood prediction data of FEWS module could have been done by
people’s smartphone via WiFi network in graph of water level, rainfall versus time and indicator of flood status in
green, yellow and red LED color. The data could be display on smartphone in anytime and real time.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This paper was a part of research funded by Research, Technology and High Education Ministry
Funding of Indonesia.

REFERENCES
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3. G. Merkuryeva at. al., Journal of Computational Science 10, 77-85 (2015).
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5. Vivian, at. al., Expert System with Application 39, 10031-10037 (2012).
6. Elizabeth Basha, Daniela Rus, IEEE, (2007).
7. Allison Silva Souza et al., Proceedia Computer Science 109C, 1104-1109 (2017).
8. A. Supani, et. al., Advaced Science Letter 23 (3), 2257-2259 (2017).

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