PHYSICS

PROJECT FILE

TOPIC: FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

SUBMITTED TO:

MS.SONIA SETHI

SUMITTED BY:

NAME: TANYA

INDEX
1) CERTIFICATE
2) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3) INTRODUCTION
4) AIM
5) MATERIALS REQUIRED
6) CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
7) PROCEDURE
8) WORKING
9) BIBLIOGRAPHY
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that TANYA

of class 12th Sci completed
the physics project entitled
‘WORKING OF A FULL WAVE
RECTIFIER’ himself, under
the duidance . The progress
of the project has been in
my knowledge consistency.

MS. SONIA SETHI

PHYSICS TEACHER
(MMIS,MULLANA)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me great pleasure to express

my gratitude toward my PHYSICS
teacher MS. SONIA SETHI for
her guidance , support and
encouragement throughout the
project. Without her support this
project could not have been possible.
Secondly, I would also like to thank
my parents who helped me alot in
finalizing this project within the
limited time frame.

TANYA
12 TH (SCI)
WORKING
OF A FULL
WAVE
RECTIFIER
 INRODUCTION:
A rectifier is an electrical device that converts
alternating current(AC), which periodically
reverses direction to direct current(DC), which
flows in only one direction and also has a
constant magnitude. This process is known as
rectification. Rectification produces a type of
DC that encompasses active voltages and
currents, which are then adjusted into a type
of constant voltage DC, although this varies
depending on the current’s end-use. This
current is allowed to flow uninterrupted in one
direction, and no current is allowed to flow in
the opposite direction.
Physically, rectifires take a number of forms,
including vaccum tube diodes, mercury-arc
valves, copper and selenium oxide rectifires,
semiconductor dodes, silicon-controlled
rectifires and other silicon-based
semiconductor switches. Rectifier circuits may
be single phase or multiphase. Most low
power rectifiers for domestic equipments are
single phase,but three phase rectifier is
very important industrial applications and
for the transmission of energy as DC.

MATERIALS RQUIRED

1.) CONNECTING WIRES

2.) A PLUG
3.) SINGLE LEAD WIRE- 2m
4.) THREE NUTS AND BOLTS 2-3cm
LENGTH
5.) CIRCUIT BOARD
6.) A TRANSFORMER(12V)
7.) A RESISTOR
8.) P-N JUNCTION DIODES (4nos)
9.) A LED BULB
10.) INSULATIONTAPE,BLADES,SOLDERI
NG WAX,SOLDERING
LEAD,SOLDERING IRON AND SAND
PAPER
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 PROCEDURE

When the AC is supplied to the

transformer, it step down the 220V
main supply to 12V. It has a
capability of delivering 700mA. The
12V AC appearing across the
secondary is the RMS value. Take a
transformer and connect its two
wires with the diodes namely D1
and D2. The third wire of the
transformer is connected with the
load resistance along with
capacitor in parallel. A capacitor is
connected in parallel so as to store
charge and discharge it to the load
when the magnitude of AC mains
goes down.

WORKING

In the full wave rectifier, two diodes

are used. These are connected to the
secondary coil of the transformer. A
circuit diagram shows a full wave
rectifier. It has two diodes. The +ve
terminal of two diodes is connected to
the two ends of transformer. This
appratus divides the total secondary
voltages in two equal parts.
The primary coil of transformer is
applied with the AC voltage. Thus the
two diodes connected to the
secondary of transformer conducts
alternatevly. For te positive half cycle
of the input diode D1 is connected to
the +ve terminal and D2 is connected
to the –ve terminal. Thus diode D1 is
forward bias and diode D2 is reverse
biased. Only diode D1 starts
conducting and thus current flows
from diode and it appears across load
resistor R. So, +ve cycle of input is
appeared at the load.
During –ve half cycle of diode D2 is
applied with positive cyle. D2 start
conducting as it is in forward biased.
The D1 is in reverse biased and this
does not conduct. Thus current flows
form diode D2 and hence –ve is also
rectifier, it appers at the load resistor
R.
By comparing the current, flow
through load resistance in the +ve
and –ve half cycle, it can be concluded
that direction of the current flow is
same. Thus the frequency of rectified
output voltage is two times the input
frequency. The output is rectified is
not pure. It consistof DC component
and a lot of AC component of very low
amplitude.

USES

Most electronic device cannot

withstand very high voltage or AC due
to its intense high power, The use of
batteries in all devices is not practical
as their replacement and durability is
a huge problem as the device has to
be dismantled each time for such
replacement.
1.) These rectifires are used in most
of the electronic devices like TV’s,
Radios, Charges and lightings etc.
2.) Used to supply polarised voltage
for Welding, Detection of
amplitude modulated radio
signals.

BIBILIOGRAPHY

1.) WWW.GOOGLE.COM
2.) WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM
3.) WWW.SCRIBD.COM
4.) WWW.IMAGES/GOOGLE.COM
5.) WWW.DAENOTES.COM
6.) 12TH PHYSICS NCERT