INDEX
NOTE: Itali cized numbers indicate illustra tions.
Acces so ry tubu le s, insec t sperm flagell um, 62 4-628 ,
627, 629
Acro some, formation of. See Go lgi apparatus, role in
acrosom e [ormation.
Actin filaments in rela tion to plasma membra ne , 826 ,
827
in microvilli, 828 , 829
polarity of , 830, 83 1
Act in/Myosin of nonmuscl e ce lls
cultured fibrob la st , 806, 807 , 8 16, 8/7
heavy me rom yo sin, use of, 80 4, 820, 821 , 827
in vitro Se rto li ce ll, 808 ,809
loca tion of, 80 4
myos in , ev ide nce of, 824 , 825
slime mo ld , Physarum , stud ies , 80 4
tro pomyos in, ev idence of, 822 , 823
Actin/Myosi n of stri ated mu sc le
actin filament s, 786-796 , 789, 791, 793, 795 , 797
tropomyo sin , 787
troponin , 787
cross bridge s , 792 , 793, 795
early studies, 785
insect flight muscle , 79 4 , 795 , 79 7
myofi br il con tractio n model , 786
myosin fila men ts , 786 -796 ,789,791,793 ,795 ,797
me ro rnyo sins, 787
Ad ipose cell , 666 , 667. See also Lipid storage,
intracellular.
Amniocentesis, sex d iagno sis by . See under Nucleolar
sex dim orphi sm.
A nnu late la mellae
early stud ie s, 292
in oocytes, 298, 299, 301
in Serto li ce ll, 296 ,297
structu re of, 292, 293 , 295
An nulus (J en se n's ring). See under Sp ermatozoon,
mammalian.
An tennu lae. See G lyco calyx , definition of
Autophagic vacuole s, 488 , 496 , 497. See a lso
L ysosom es.
Axonemal compo ne nts , 584 -588 ,585 ,58 7,589. See
also Mi crotubules oj axonem e.
bridges , 58 4, 589
dyne in ar ms , 58 4 , 589, 590 , 59 1
rad ial spokes, 58 4,589, 590 ,591
Axoneme , mammalian spe rm , protofil a me nts , 6 16, 617
sate llite fibrils, 6 16, 6/7
uro dele spe rm, axial fiber, 618 -622, 62 1, 623
groupi ng form ula , 6 19
ma rgina l fiber, 618 , 622, 62 3
A zurop hil granules, 508 , 509
Basal la mina
and Descemet's mem brane , 48 , 49
in hum an corneal epitheliu m, 46 , 4 7
in invert eb rat e epithe lium , 50 , 51
structure a nd. fu nc tion , 45
Basoph ilia , 304 . See also Endop lasmi c reticulum ,
con sti tu ents, basophili c bodi es .
Bile cana liculus , 394 , 395
Bouton terminal of a xon, 722 , and a xodendritic
sy nap se , 734 , 735
and a xo so ma tic sy napse , 73 1
Ce ll memb rane. See a lso Intram em brane particles;
Intram em brane sp ecializati on s; Plaques.
cross-section , microvi lli, 8, 9
D avson-Dan iell i mod el, 2, 6
ear ly termino logy, I
fluid mo sa ic model, 3-5
amph ipa thic prote ins, 4
E-face , 3, 10 , II , 13. See also E-Jace oj cell
m embran e.
P-face , 3, 10, II , 13. See a lso P-Jace of cell
m embrane.
freeze , fracture prep a ra tion, 3-6 , 10 , II . 13
modern concept , development of, 1- 5
reg iona l specializat ions, 15- 20,1 7,1 9, 20
surface a rea ca lcu lation. See un der Plasma m embran e.
un it membrane , 2, 6
Ce ll me mbranes , adjacent, 3 16, 3 17
com pa rison with ciste rn ae mem bran e s, 316 , 317
Ce ll surface coat , 35 . See a lso G lycocalyx .
Centriolar adjunct, 568 , 569, 57 1
Ce nt riolar satellites, 553 , 562 ,563
Centriole( s)
and R N A , 55 3
a s basa l bodies in c ilioge ne sis, 55 1, 554 , 566 ,567
deu terosome s, 552
frac tio na l exposu re method , 560 , 56 1
in re lation to Golgi, 564 , 565
procentriole, 552
repl ica tion of, 552, 553 , 556 , 557
role in sperma togenes is, 568 -572 ,569, 57/ . 573
Centrosome , 55 1, 553 , 562
C ho ndriosome , te rmi no logy , 41 0
C hromatin. See also H eterochrom atin.
and glut a ra lde hyde fixation, 208 , 20 9
co mpo site diag ram of, 225
D N A , 205
e uc hro mat ic form, 204 , 2 10
857
858 INDEX INDEX 859

C hro matin (con tinued) Cy tos keleton, in relation to actin, 812-816 , 8 13, 81 5, E xocyt osis. See also S ecreto ry produ cts. H emo globin , crystallization of. See unde r Crys tals,
histor y of, 204-206 , 207 8 17 mech ani sm in mucu s cells, 708, 709, 711,714 , 715 intracellular.
RN A , 205 of cultured cells, 818 , 8 19 myoneural junction, frog, 728 , 729 Hem osiderin , 684. See also Ferritin, sto rage of
Virch ow's aphorism, 204 nature of, 811 sec reto ry pa thway, 69 1, 372- 375,7 12,713 H eteroch romatin. See also Ch roma tin.
C hro moso me structu re, mitotic amount in relati on to ac tivity , 210 , 21 /
after histone-d epletion , 226 , 236, 23 7, 23 9 con cept of organization, 224 , 225
and sy napto nemal co mplex, 226 Ferritin , sto rage of, 684 , 685. See also H emosiderin. co nde nsation chan ges, 212- 216 , 2 13, 215, 217
class ica l depicti on , 227 , 234 , 235 technique for visualization , 42 , 43 location of, 208
D endrite thorn s (spines) , on axode nd ritic synapses, 731
D N A repl icon s, 226 F ibro nec tins, 62 natu re of, 218-222 , 219 , 221 , 223
as surface specializatio ns , 66
ea rly model s, 226, 238 F ree ze-fracture method , 3 nucle osome su bunits , 222
on Purkinje ce ll, rat , 738, 739
elect ron micr oscop y, result s of, 22 8-23 2, 229 , 23 1, schematic diagram , 196
D escem et' s membran e. See und er Ba sal lamin a.
233 term inology, 204
De smosome(s). See also Ju nction al comp lex,
high voltage electr on microscopy , 234 , 235 G ap juncti on (nex us) H et erophagic vacu oles, 488 , 506 , 507. See also
desm osome (ma cula adherens) . and intercalated discs, cardiac mu scle, 187-1 90 ,
loop vs. co il co nce pt , 227 Lysosom es.
half-desmosom es, 158,1 59, 166
C ilia 189 ,1 91 Hi stone-depletion treatment , chro moso mes , 236 , 237,
in ciliar y epithelium, 166 ,1 6 7
co mpariso n with flagella, 575 bioch emic al aspects, 170 239
in neu roglial cells, annelid, 164 , 165, 848 , 84 9
co mparison with micro villi, 586, 587 change pot ential , 171
of ca rdiac muscle, 190, 191
fun ction of, 576 connexo ns , 169 , 176 ,1 77, 180,1 81
structure and location , 156- 160,1 59,1 61
in hum an ovid uct, 580 , 581 inverted type, 184, 185
syno nym, macul a adherens , 125
matri x co mponents, 588, 589 negativ ely sta ined prep arati on , 176 , 177
termin ology, 124-126, 129 In tramembrane particl es. See also Cell memb rane;
modi fied type, 596 , 597 ph ysiological as pects, 170 , 180, 181 , 183 1ntram embrane spec ializat ions; Plaqu es.
Di ct yosome(s), 369-37 1
mo vem en t of, 577-5 79 , 582 , 583 st ruct ure of, 172,173,175 afte r freeze-frac tur e, 12, 13, 20 , 21
DNA . See also Ch roma tin; H eterochromatin.
solitary type, 594 ,595 GE R L, and autophagic vac uoles , 700, 701 and golgi acti vity, 406 , 40 7
and nucle osornes, 222
Ci liary rhyth m, 575 and condensing vacu ole s, 700, 701
of mitoch ond ria , 424-428, 425,427, 429 "c iliary necklace," 22, 23
C iste rnae, of endo plas mic ret iculum and lysosom e form ation , 488 in ga p junction, 172, 173
o rganizat ion of, 222-227,225
di stend ed , 324,325 of No vikoff et al., 375 , 404 in Sert oli ce ll junction , 144, 145
radial loop struc ture, 226
fenes tra ted, 350 , 351 Golgi apparatus loca tion of, 10, 11
uncoiling of, 236,237, 239
in gland ular cells, 320 , 32 1 and plasmalemma differenti ation , 406 , 40 7 Int ram embran e specializa tions. See also Cell
Dynein , importance in fertility, 579
in moto r neurons, 318 , 31 9 ea rly cytology of, 369- 371 membra ne ; l ntramem brane pa rticles ; Plaques.
free polyribosomes, 318, 31 9, 321 form ing face, 373 co rr ugated a ppearance, 20 , 21
and N issl substance , 318 , 31 9, 321 d ynamic as pect, dia gram of , 372 in mamm alian sperm, 16- 20,17,1 9, 21
membranes of, 3 16, 3 17 in ciliar y epithelium, 398, 399 in neuronal sy napse , 24 , 25
structure of, 310 , 3 11, 313 E-face of ce ll membran e. See also under C ell in epididy mal cell, 396 , 397 in tran sition al epithelium, 26 ,2 7, 29
C lat hrin basket , 120, 121 memb rane, fluid mosaic mo del. maturing face, 373 plaque form ati on , 406, 40 7
Coated ves icles afte r freeze-fracture, 3-5 , 10,11 ,1 3 Palade and C laude , 370 Int ercellular substa nce , 62, 125
and low-den sity lipop rotein (L D L) studies , 109 and intramembrane parti cle s, 12, 13, 24, 25 role in ac roso me format ion, 388 , 389 , 39 1
associated with Go lgi, 390 ,39 1, 398 , 399 and zonula occluden s, 132,1 33,1 35 role in carb oh ydr ate met abolism , 376
c1athrin comp onent, 109, 113, 120,1 21 in Se rto li ce ll junction s, 142, 143, 145 role in glyco protein synthes is, 376
in micropinocytosis. See under Mi cropin ocytosis. in sy napse s of retina , 24, 25 secreto ry tran sport function , 374-3 77 , 394 , 395 ,
404 , 405 Jun ctional compl ex. See also Sertoli cell j unctions.
in relation to memb rane recyc ling, 111-113 lumen al surface , bladder epithelium, 28 , 29
structu re and location , 370 communicatin g jun ction (nex us) . See Gap jun ction
in vitelloge nesis , 118, 119 Endocy tos is, definition of, 92 . See also Phagocytosis; (nexus) , connexons.
str uctu re of, 109 Pinocytosis. G olgi-associated entities
coat ed ve sicles , 390 , 39 1, 398 , 399 ea rly studies, 124-126
Co do n(s), 307 importan ce of , 93 intercellular cement, 125
C ollagen fibrils, of connecti ve tissue, 60, 6 1 oocy tes , atypical fea tu re in, 118 conde ns ing vacu oles, 372 - 375 , 392 , 700, 70 1
secre tory gra nules, 372-3 75 , 400 , 401 terminology, 125-127
of skeleta l mu scle , 58,5 9 Endo plas mic reticulum, co nstituents
nonhomo gene ou s type , 700 , 701, 703 zonation, 127-135
of smoot h mu scle, 56 , 57 bas ophilic bodies, 303 , 310 , 3 11 adhe ring jun ction (zonula adhere ns), 125-127, 129,
C ritica l point dr ying meth od , 67 , 8 11 earl y stud ies , 303-305 , 330 transpo rt vesicle s, 372 , 386, 38 7, 392 ,393 ,700, 70 1
G olgi ciste rna e 130,1 31
C rystalloids, male germ cell, 676 , 677 microsome s, 303-305 , 309, 330 desmosome (mac ula ad herens), 124 , 127, 130 , 131.
C rystals, intracellular ribosome s, identific ati on and fun ction , 304-30 9, 306 and cytoc hemical polar ity, 380 , 381 , 383
conte nt gradient, 384 , 385 See also Desm osome(s).
crystals of Reinke , 672 , 673 , 675 Endo plas mic reti culum, rough (granular) tight jun cti on (zonula occlude ns), 127-134, 131 ,
exa mples of, 668 , 669, 67 1 and floccul en t prot ein , odont oblast, 326 , 327 of ac tive vs. inacti ve ce ll, 378 , 3 79, 400 ,40 I , 403
of hepatic cell , rat, 394, 395 133 ,1 35,142,143, 146,14 7
ferritin crysta llization, 684 , 685 and immunoglobulin synthes is, 322 , 323 Jun ctional spec ializations, invert ebrat es
hem oglob in crys ta llization, 680 , 68 1 and protein crys ta ls, salamander liver , 328, 329 st ructure and locati on , 370
G olgi method , 369 E-face ridges, 150, 151 , 153
in plant cell, tobacco, 678 , 679 compar ison with plasma membran e, 3 16, 317
G lyco ca lyx, definiti on of, 35 P-face groo ves, 150, 151
in tap etum lucidum , ea t's eye, 686 , 687, 689 membran e ribo som es vs. free poly som es, 3 18, 3 19 septate jun ction , 148,149, 154,155
in yolk plat elet, amphibian , 682 , 683 of protein-e xportin g cells, 312 , 3 13, 318 and sialic ac id rem oval , 35
in micr opin ocyto sis, 108-110 E-face and P-face, 154, 155
Cy to plas mic fil ament s, ten nan ometer typ e riboph orin I and II , 309
pol ysaccharid e nature of, 35, 377 functi on of, 154
as neurofil am ent s, 846, 847 structu re of, 310-314 , 311 , 313, 315 zonula co ntinua, 148-152,1 49,1 51 ,1 53
comp onen ts of, 833 with distend ed ciste rnae, 324 , 325 G lycoca lyx filaments, and ferritin bindin g, 42, 43
glial filaments, 848 , 849 Endo plas mic reticulum, smooth (agra nular) of intestinal microvilli , 35-3 8, 3 7, 39
immunocytoc hemica l studies , 836 , 837, 839 ada ptive respon se of, 338, 339 thorium en bloc sta in te chniq ue, 35, 41
in astrocyte, 850 , 85 1 and glyco ge n, 340 , 341 , 343 G lycoge n storage
in cultu red ce ll, 834 , 835 and lipid metab olism , 334 , 335 , 337 as alpha particl es, 641 , 643 Keratin , filam en ts in epide rmal epithelium , 840, 841,
in seminiferous epithelium, 844 , 845 bioc hemi cal features, 331 beta particl e acc umulation, 652 , 653 843
ter minology, 833 functions of, 330 in ca rdiac muscle, 646 , 64 7 molec ular weight of, 833
Cytoplas mic organization, early theories, 784 morphological observa tions, 3 10,311 , 330 in dorm ancy , turtl e C NS , 648 , 649 Ker atinocytes, 542 , 543
latti ce mod el , 8 10 of steroid-secreting ce lls, 344-350, 345, 34 7, 349, 35 1 in liver , amphibian, 644 , 645 Kinetochores, 758
microtrabe cular meshw or k, 811-814, 813 , 815 ribo some-l ack ing, 332 , 333 in rete testis, guinea pig, 650 , 651 Kinet opla st, 412 , 428 , 429
860
La mina externa , of per iphe ral nerves , 54, 55
of Sch warm ce ll, 52 , 53
of sk eleta l mu scle, 58 , 59 , 6 1, 725
of smo ot h mu scle cells, 56, 5 7
Lipid sto rage , intr acellul ar , 655-666 , 657, 659, 66 1,
663, 665, 667
chylom icro ns, 65 8
in ad ipose ce ll, 666 , 667
in Leydig cell, squ irre l, 664, 665
in steroi d-secreting ce ll, 662 , 663
Lipofusci n. See also Lys osom es , residual bodi es .
as end- stage of au to phagy , 529
as mani festat ion s of aging, 530-53 4 ,53 I , 533, 535
stain reacti on of, 529
Low-d en sit y lipopro tei n (L DL). See und er Coated
ves icles .
Lysosomes
a nd compl em en t bind ing, 489
c harac terist ics of , 487-489
in epi did ymi s, ra bbit , 396, 397, 500 ,50 I
in liver, hamster , 494 , 495
in suprare na l co rtex , ha mster, 492, 493
inclu sion s, 50 2, 503 , 505
intracellul ar diges tio n, 48 7-489, 496 , 49 7
autophag y, 488 , 506, 50 7
heter oph agy, 488, 506 , 507
prim ar y lyso sornes, 488-490, 48 9, 4 9 I , 494 , 498,
499
second ary lyso som e s (phagosome s), 488 , 494
residua l bod ies , 488 , 489, 506, 50 7
lipofusc in fro m, 488 , 489, 506 ,507. Se e also
Lipofuscin.
va riability of, 490 , 49 I
Ma nchette , in spe rmioge nes is, 766 , 777
Mast ce ll, und ulat ing fold s of, 78 , 79. See a lso S urfa ce
amplifica tion.
Melani zation , 537-542, 539 , 54 I , 543
Melano c yte(s), a nd eye co lor, 544 , 545 , 547
and ty ros inase ac tivity , 537, 53 9, 546 ,547
of mamm alia n sk in, 53 7, 540,541,543
Me lano phore , 752 , 753
M elan osom e (s), 537-5 48 ,539,54 1,543 ,545 ,547,549
Mesaxon . See under M yelin sheath fo rmation .
Micr opino cyto sis. See a lso En docytos is; Pinocytosis.
an d ferrit in binding, 116, 117
coa ted ves icles in, 108-110, 114, 115, 11 7. See also
Coa ted vesicles.
ph ases in, 106, 107, 108
Mic roplicae , 84, 85. 87 . See a lso S urface
amplifica tion.
Micr o som es, 303-305. 309, 330 . See also Endoplasmic
reticulum , constituents.
M icr otu bule(s)
amo ng ker atin filam en ts, 842 , 843
amo ng te n na nometer filame nts, 844, 845
and sliding of, 590, 764, 765 , 767
axo nema l
and ce nt riolar satellites, 553 ,562,563
a nd slid ing of, 590
in ce nt riole wall , 558 ,559.570 ,571
of spi ndle, 553 , 562 , 563
structure of , 584, 585, 588- 592 , 58 9, 59 1, 593
cy to plas mic
and synaptic ve sicles , 756 , 757
ea rly stud ies , 743, 744
isolat ion of, 744
INDEX
Mi c rotubul e(s), cy to plasm ic (co ntinued)
morpho logy , 744-7 46. 747
prot o filam ents, 746
tubul in, 744-746 , 747
cy tos kele ta l role, 768, 769, 771
in pillar ce lls, 772 , 773
in Se rto li ce lls, 77 4, 775
in mit osis, 758 -762,759 ,76 1,763
orie ntation of
and pa rticle tran slo cati on , 752 , 753
in chro matophore. 752, 753
in cytoplas mic movement, 75 1
in de nd rit e, 754, 755
in Sert oli cells, 77 4, 775
ro le in morph ogen esis, 77 6-78 2, 777 , 779, 78 I , 783
Micr otub ule-a ssociat ed prot e in (MA PS), 745 , 748 , 749
Mit och ondria
a nd ATP reacti on s, 410-41 2, 478-48 2, 479 , 481 , 483
and N eurospora expe rime nts , 431
D NA , RNA . con tent, 412
ea rly stud ies , 410-41 3
fus ion of, 438, 439, 44l
in ner ve ending, 725 . 736, 737
in urodel e sperm, 6 18,6 19-62 2 ,62 1,623
lar ge size of, 444 , 44 5
life spa n, 43 I
nu mbe rs a nd di st ribut ion , 418 , 468, 46 9
a nd act ive ion tran spo rt, 476 , 4 77
in ph otor eceptors, re tina , 474 , 47 5
in relat ion to lipid dropl ets, 470 , 47/ ,4 73
in re la tion to micr otubules, 468
pleom orphi sm of , 458 , 459
septu m, in d ivision, 430-43 6, 433, 435 , 437
va riation in cec ido mid fly sperm, 634 , 635
Mit och ondrial cr istae
ada ptive cha nges in, 46 2, 463
and ene rgy requi rem ent of cell, 41 8, 41 9, 442 , 443
a nd intracri stal space , 414 , 4 I 5
of steroi d-secre ting ce lls, 448 , 449, 460 , 461
pri smati c fo rm, 456 . 457
three-dim en sion al latti ce , 454 , 455
tu bula r form , 424 . 425, 44 8-452 , 449. 451 , 453
ty pica l lam ellar form , 41 8, 41 9
with fe ne strations , 444 , 445
zigzag a nd hon eycom b fo rms , 44 6, 44 7
Mit och ondrial derivati ves, insect spe rm, 624 , 625 , 627
Mit och ond rial D N A , 424-4 28, 425,42 7, 429
Mit och ondrial matrix gra nules , 414 , 420 , 42 1, 423
M ito tic a pparatus, classical desc ription , 75 8
Mul tivesicul ar bodi es, 510 , 5 I t , 5 13
M yelin sheat h, formation of, 30 , 3 1. 33
Myon em e(s), 76 4, 765
and Sc hwarm ce ll, 30 , 31
me sa xon , 30 , 3 l
Sc hwa rm cell, x-sect io n, 725
Neben kern , 43 8, 439, 441. 466
N exus. See Ga p j unction (nex us) .
N issl bodi es, 31 8, 319, 321
Nucl ear co mpone nts
euchro ma tin, 195 ,1 96,204, 210
heteroch rom atin , 195,1 96 , 204 , 210 , 211
nuclea r e nve lope , 195 ,1 96. See a lso Nuclear
envelope.
nuclear pore s, 195 ,1 96, 20 2
nucl eolu s. 195 ,1 96
INDEX
Nucl ear enve lope , fibro us lamin a
co mposition of, 281 , 283 . 288 , 289
in epide rma l ce ll, 286, 287
in Le ydig ce ll, ro de nt , 286,287
locat ion of, 284, 285
N uc lear e nve lope , and go lgi compl e x, 386, 387
N uc lea r e nve lope, pore co mplex
annulus , 266, 27 6, 277
ce ntra l gra nule, 267 , 276 , 277
defini tion of, 266
di st rib ut ion in soma tic ce ll, 272 , 273
in spe rma tocyte, 274 , 275
octagona l pore shape , 276 ,277
perinu clea r ciste rn , 267 -272, 269 , 27 l . 273
tr an sit fu nction, 278 ,279
Nucl ear var iat ions
in epididy mal epithe lium, c hinc hilla, 20 2, 203
in neutrophilic leuk ocyt e, 200 , 20 l
in polypl oid y, 198,1 99
size a nd sha pes , 197- 202,1 99, 201 , 203
N ucleofilame nts , supe rco iling of, 238 , 239
N uc leo lar cha nne l sy ste m, 258, 259
N ucl eolar ge ne tran scription , 245
N ucleolar sex dim orphi sm, and amnioce ntes is, 25 2
in Leydig ce ll, boa r, 254 , 255
sex c hro matin, identifi cati on of, 252, 253
N ucle olus(i)
amph ibian oocyt e stud ies, 245
a nd D N A , 244
a nd R NA , 244
a uto ra diogra phic stud ies, 244
basic orga niza tion of, 250 , 25 1
exce ptional typ e, 256 , 257, 25 9
multipl e, 245 , 26 1,263
nucl eolonema, 243, 246-2 50, 247 , 249 . 25 I
nucl eolu s-or ga nizing ce nte rs, 243 , 248, 249
par s arnorpha, refer en ce to , 246
Nu cleo some (s), 22 2
Organ of Co rt i, guinea pig, 600 , 601
pilla r ce ll, 772 , 773
O steocl asts, prot ease sec retio n by, 48 9
Par anu cleolar spher es, 256, 25 7
P-face of ce ll membran e. Se e also Ce ll m em brane .
after fre e ze-fracture, 3- 5, 10, t t , 13
and int ra me mbra ne par ticles, 12,13 , 20- 24 , 21 . 23 ,
25
a nd zo nu la occ lude ns, 134 , 135
in c iliate d ce lls, 23
in guinea pig sperm, 16,1 7,1 9
in Se rtol i ce ll jun ction s, 142, 143, 145
in syna pses of ret ina, 24 , 25
Pero xisom e(s)
ea rly obs erva tions , 515
ety mo logy of, 515
from convol uted kidn e y tubul e cell, 524 , 525 ,527
with inc lus ions , 524, 5 25
func tion of , 52 2, 523
in a uto phag ic vac uo les , 496, 49 7
in liver , rat , 418 , 41 9
in relation to lyso som es, 49 8, 499, 520 , 52 I
in tob acco leaf ce ll, 678 , 679
micr op ero xisornes, 516
nucleoid (s), 5 15, 5 17
o rigin of, 5 15
861
Ph agoc ytosis, mech an ism a nd phases of, 92 , 9 3
pseudopodi a in, 94, 95
Pinocyto sis. See a lso En doc ytos is; M icropinocyt osis.
form s a nd phases of, 93
with inclus ions, 524, 525
in vitro vs . in vivo, 102 ,1 03
la mellip odi a in, 96- 100, 97, 99 , 101
mechani sm of , 93 , 104 , 105
Plaques. See a lso Ce ll membran e; 1ntramem brane
part icles; l ntram embrane specia lization s.
and golgi ac tivity , 40 6, 40 7
in ce ll me mbran es, 26 ,27, 29
in lum ena l memb ran e , 27, 28 , 29
interpl aque region s, 26, 28, 29
Plasma membrane , surface area ca lculat ion, 33 1
Polyrib osom es (polyso mes) , 305 , 3 18,3 19, 321. See
also Ri bosom e(s).
Proacro somal gra nules , 388, 38 9
Proin sulin, intra cell ular c rys ta ls, 7 18, 719
P rotopl asm , ea rly theori es of, 784
Pun c ta ad herentia , 160 , 161 , 723
Ribonu cleoprotein (R N P) particl es, in mit och ondria,
te rmina l gra nule , 424 , 425
Riboph orin I, II , 309
Rib o som e (s). See a lso under Endop lasm ic
reticu lum .
a nd R N A co nte nt , 304
basophili c character of , 3 10, 3 I 1
ide ntification of, 304
in relation to ty rosi nase synthes is, 546
of glan dula r ce ll comp ar ed with neuron , 318, 31 9, 32 I
of mitoc ho nd ria, 45 2, 453
role in pep tid e synthesis, 304- 307
and mR N A , 305- 307
a nd tR NA , 30 5-307
RNA
co ding for RN A precursor , 262 , 263
in ce ntrioles, 55 3
of mitoc ho ndr ia, 426
of nucleolu s a nd nuc leus, 244
polym er a se, in oocy tes, 245
role in pepti de sy nthesis, 305- 309
Sarcoplas mic re ticulum
ea rly view s, 35 3
in a mp hibian mu scle, 356, 357
selective sta ining of, 362 , 363 . 365
terminal c iste rnae , 354 ,355 ,357
in fish mu scle, 358-3 62 , 35 9. 361 , 363
T -tubules , 354 , 355
and mu scle dep ola rizati on , 354
in fish muscle, 35 8-36 2,359. 36 I , 363
Sa tellite kar yosom es, 256 , 25 7. See a lso N ucleoli ,
exceptional type .
Sc hwa rm ce ll membr an e. See M yelin sh eath , f orma tion
of, and Schwann cell.
Sec re to ry produ ct s. See also Exocytosis .
distribution in mast ce ll, 720, 72 I
ela borat ion of , 372-3 75
exocy tos is of, 7 10-7 14 , 7 I I , 713, 715
of endoc rine pan cr eas, 7 16, 717.7/9
zo natio n of, 700 , 701
862
Secr et or y storage, intracellula r
ad re nal medull a , ra t, 694 , 695
mucu s ce lls, gas tro intes tinal, 706 , 707, 709
nonh om ogeneou s sec reto ry subunits , 702 , 703, 705
pan cr eati c ce ll, 696 , 69 7, 699
typ e-f cell, tick sa liva ry gland, 692 , 693
Sen sor y hair ce ll, go ldfish sac cula, 602, 603
Sertoli ce ll junction s. See also Jun ctional complex.
a nd intram embran e part icles, 144, 145
co mpariso n with inte stin al ep ithelium jun ction , 142,
143
compartme nta lization of epith elium , 137
mem bran efu sion in, 140, 141
Signal hyp oth esis, for mRN A func tio n, 309
Spectrin , 15
Sperm motilit y, insect s, 630 -636, 63 1, 633, 635, 63 7
Spe rmato zoo n, mamm alian
annulus (Je nse n' s ring), 604 , 605, 6 14, 6 15
ea rly stud ies , 604
midpi ece vs. pr incip al piec e, 6 12-614 , 6 13, 6 15
struc tu ral co mpone nts, 605 , 606 -6 10, 607 , 609 , 611
Stereocilia , 598 , 599
"Stress fiber s," 806 , 807 ,809,8 11,8 14, 8 15, 8 17
Sup ernumerary nucleol i, in oo cyt es, 245 . See also
Nu cleoli, mul tiple.
Surface a mplification, microvilli
bru sh bord er , 8, 9, 80,81
interce llular proj ections, 90 , 91
on HeL a ce lls, 68 , 69
on macroph age and lymph oc yte , 72-76, 73,75, 77
Surface a mplifica tion, ridge s
epide rmal cells, la mpre y larvae , 88 , 8 9
micr opli cae, 84, 85 , 8 7
on mucus-producing cells, 84 , 85
to ad bladd er , lumen al surfac e, 82, 83
Surface a mplification, undulat ing folds, 78 , 79
Surface specializa tions , discussion of, 65- 67
INDEX
Synap se, e N S , a xoa xo nal, 73 1
a xode nd ritic, 73 1- 734 ,733,735
a xos omatic, 736, 73 7
Synap se, neu romu scu la r, 72 2-726 , 725,72 7
exoc yto sis of vesicles, 72 8, 729
ner ve te rmin al co mpone nts , 724 - 726 , 725 , 727
Synap tic co mple x, ac tive zo nes , 72 3, 736, 737
Synapti c membran e specializa tions, 722
Synapti c tran smi ssion , 72 2, 728 , 729
Synapti c ves icles , 722 -728, 725, 727, 729, 732 - 736,
733 , 735, 737 , 756, 757
T ap etum lucidum , ea t's eye. See under C rysta ls,
intracellular.
Terminal we b, in relati on to microvilli, 129, 827, 830 ,
83 1
Tonofibr ils, early nomencla ture, 784
Tonofi lam ent s, o n E-face , cilia ry ep ithelium , 166, 16 7
in relat ion to de smo somes, 156-1 62, 157,1 59, 163
locatio n of, 130, 131
Total membra ne surface a rea ca lculat ions, live r ce ll, 33 1
T ubu lin, 553 , 560 , 56 1, 744-7 46 , 747
Undu lat ing membrane , a mphibian sperm tail, 6 18, 61 9,
622 , 623
Unit membra ne. See und er Cell membrane.
Vimentin , 83 3
Vitellogen esis. See under Coa ted vesicles.
Z ymogen gra nules, 696 , 697, 699, 7 13