Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
(yards, carnivals, parking lots, etc.). It also covers the conductors that
connect the installations to a supply of electricity and other outside
conductors. In general, the NEC does not cover installations in ship,
water craft, railroads, aircraft, automobiles, or mines, nor does it cover
communication equipment used by communication utilities or
installations under the direct control of electric utilities. The NEC is
purely advisory as far as NFPA and ANSI are concerned, but it is
offered for use in law and for regulatory purposes.
Some of the definitions used in the NEC are a little strange compared
with their everyday use; however, they should be learned because
they are peculiar and essential to the proper use of the Code. Some of
the NEC definitions that are more applicable to the information
contained in this section are as follows:
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 2/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
Accessible:
Conductor:
Location:
Service: The conductors and equipment for delivering energy from the
electricity supply to the wiring system of the premises served.
Service-Entrance Conductors:
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 10/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
The living-room plan (Fig. 2) shows two circuits: (1) the three-way
switching arrangement for the ceiling outlet and (2) a similar
arrangement for the two convenience outlets on the north wall. The
outlet symbols, including the special-purpose outlet (indicated for TV
antenna), are taken from ANS Y32.9. Also in accordance with the
standard, the wire symbols for the switch- to-ceiling-light runs are
drawn with a medium-weight solid line, indicating that the wires are to
be concealed in the walls or ceiling above. Where no perpendicular
dashes are shown across the wires, the conductors must have two
wires. With the addition of a little more information about fixtures, the
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 11/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
floor plan, of which the living-room plan in Fig. 2 is apart, will yield
enough information for the satisfactory installation of the complete
electrical system.
One explanation for the continued popularity of the four prongs is that
many persons feel that the plain circular symbol listed in ANS Y32.9
may be easily confused with other circular symbols which may appear
on drawings.
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 13/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
FIG. 3 Electrical plan for a small office building. (Brasher, Spencer &
Goyette, Architects-Engineers.)
A drawing should show intent, and in the most concise manner. Time,
money, and argument will be saved if the proper information is placed
in the legend. Too often, the person in the field does not see the
written specifications, but does see the drawings and the legend. If the
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 14/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
FIG. 4 Fixture schedule and legends for electrical plan of small office
building. (Brasher, Spencer & Goyette, Architects-Engineers.)
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 15/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
controlling devices. From this main load center, electric energy is fed
through large conductors called feeders to branch load centers, often
panelboards, or panels as they are sometimes called. From these
panels energy is delivered through branch circuits to each outlet,
fixture, appliance, or motor. Such factors as location of panelboards,
voltage and copper losses, etc., determine the method used in
connecting the branch and main load centers. Many different
interconnecting layouts are used. More than one panelboard may be
necessary on the same floor of a large building in order that
excessively long runs of branch circuits be avoided. Sometimes
separate panels are used for lighting circuits only, and others for
motors and machines only. Often, panel- boards are used for
combinations of types of circuit.
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 17/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
The next series of drawings illustrates the type of drawing required for
large buildings. The standards are not as much help in showing such
a complicated system; hence liberal use is made of orthographic
projection, pictorial drawing, schematic diagrams, notes, and
specifications.’ A very brief description of the general electrical layout
of a large office building will be given by referring to the drawings,
which in some instances have been simplified from the original for
clarity.
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 18/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
The underground cables of the power and light company enter the
building at the upper right, as shown in Fig. 7. They immediately are
brought into a main service entrance, which is shown in some detail in
Fig. 8. In the main service entrance are current and potential
transformers (used for measuring current and potential), fuses, and
switches, as shown in the one-line diagram. From the main service
entrance the electrical service is fed to two 1000-kVA transformers
(see Fig. 7), which step the voltage down to a four-phase state that
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 19/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 20/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 21/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 22/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
FIG. 10 Part of riser diagram for a large office building. (W. L. Cassell,
Mechanical Engineer.)
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 23/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
Figure 11 shows a part of the electrical plan for the first floor. Shown in
somewhat slight detail is the load center with its cable tap box and
panels. Of special note is the underfloor duct system, shown by
means of dotted lines. In these ducts, sometimes called raceways, are
placed the wires for telephone service, 120-V single-phase electrical
service, and 208-V three-phase service if desired. Outlets may be
placed at any point along each of these ducts, and electrical service
provided at each of these points. The ducts are covered with 2-1/2-in.
of concrete, on which additional flooring material is often laid. The
outlets are usually installed after the latter has been laid, but before
the conductor cable has been pushed or drawn through the raceways.
However, additional outlets may be emplaced along these ducts after
the building has been completed and occupied, although new wiring
may have to be poked through the ducts.
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 24/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
There are usually areas on every drawing which, from the electrical
contractor’s viewpoint, should be made more comprehensive to help
in preparing bids. Also the person doing the installing would benefit by
having more information about correct or desired procedure, in many
situations. However, it is possible to put too much information on the
drawing — in trying to answer every question that may arise — and,
as a result, confuse everybody from the contractor to the final
inspector. Yet when special treatment is indicated, pertinent details
should be supplied in order to present a logical and definite manner
for the installation.
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 26/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
a. General lighting load (based on 115 V): 4470 ± 115 = 39.0 A. This
can be handled by three 15-A two-wire circuits or two 20-A two-wire
circuits. (The NEC recommends one circuit for each 500 sq ft.)
If 115/230-V three-wire system feeders are used, the current load will
be 12,565 ÷ 230, or 55 A. But, because the computed load exceeds
10 kVA, service conductors shall be 100 A [ 230—41 (b)(2)]. Feeder
size can be selected from one of several tables in the NEC, which
gives ratings for types of copper, aluminum, and copper-clad
aluminum conductor. The feeders might be selected as No. 3 AWG
copper conductor with rubber-type insulation, such as RHW or RUH,
or with a thermoplastic-type insulation, such as THW or TFIWN; or the
feeder might be selected as No. I AWG aluminum or copper- clad
aluminum with the same types of insulation. As mentioned earlier, city
building codes may have other requirements not specified in the
National Code. Kansas City requires that all wiring be run in conduit
for buildings (including houses) that happen to be in the Class A fire
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 29/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS
5. What column headings would you use for a fixture schedule for a
small building?
6. Why is it not customary to show two dashes across a circuit line for
a two-wire conductor, when three dashes are customarily used to
show a three- wire circuit?
7. Can you use the same graphical symbol for an electric-range outlet
and for a dishwasher outlet?
10. Does ANS Y32.2 cover the graphical portrayal of the electrical
system of a residence?
12. Where does a branch circuit begin? Name two kinds of branch
circuit.
14. What are two reasons for limiting the number of wires in a
raceway?
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 31/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
15. What are the terminal points of a feeder (or feeder circuit)?
18. Under what conditions does the NEC say that raceways should
not be installed?
PROBLEMS
Many of the problems are divided into two parts. Part a will be mainly
a drawing requirement, and part b will involve computational
requirements. In some cases, the instructor may require both parts; in
other cases, only a orb. Computations do not need to be put on
drawing paper. However, they should be neat, orderly, and correct.
1. The sketch of the floor plan of Fig. 14 shows all electrical outlets
and fixtures and the relationships between the fixtures and switches of
an apartment.
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 32/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
b. How many general 20-A and appliance 20-A branch circuits are
required? If the range load is 8000 Wand 110/220 three-wire feeders
are used, what will be the total current load for the first floor?
2. How many 15-A branch circuits will be required for the room shown
in Fig. 2? How many 20-A branch circuits would be required for the
office layout in Fig. 5? (The interior dimensions are 22 X 57 ft. Each
fluorescent luminaire is 80 W.)
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 33/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 34/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
a. Draw this plan to a scale of 1/2i in. = 1 ft 0 in. Show all switching
arrangements as you think they ought to be. At least two duplex
outlets in the living room are to be controlled by switches at the north
entry. Use standard symbols throughout the drawing.
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 35/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
5. Figure 17 is the first floor plan of a two-story house with all outlets
and fixtures shown.
a. Draw this plan to a scale of in. = 1 ft 0 in., and show all switching
arrangements as you believe they should be made. Use correct
symbols as given in the Appendix. Optional: show circuits for the
convenience out lets. Use 11 X 17 paper.
b. Assume the house has three bedrooms and a hall upstairs. For an
8-kW kitchen range and the other equipment shown, how many and
what kind of branch circuits would be required for the house? What is
the total energy requirement?
6. The lighting fixtures for a drafting-design room are shown in Fig. 18.
If the fluorescent lights are rated at 80 W each, estimate the number
of branch circuits needed. An electrical outlet should be put near each
desk. Four desks are placed under each row of luminaires, making a
total of 24 drafting desks. Lights will be turned on and off at panel L
Other circuits go to panel L on another floor. Make a scale drawing of
this room, and show all circuits. Use 11 x 17 or 12 X 18 paper.
12 20
10 30
8 45
6 65
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 39/40
9/9/2019 Electrical Drawing for Architectural Plans
4 85
3 100
2 115
1 130
www.industrial-electronics.com/eed5th_11.html 40/40