Appendix: Researchers Profile

Profile

Name: Jossin B. Abril

Age: 22 years old

Gender: Female

Birthdate: August 24, 1996

Birthplace: Malbog, Butong Manjuyod, Negros Oriental

Contact Number: 09058911144

Educational Attainment

Elementary: Butong Elementary School

High School: Manjuyod National Highschool

College: Negros Oriental State University- Main Campus 1 (On-going)

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main purpose of the study is to determine the local climate change in Brgy. Butong,
Manjuyod, Brgy.

1. Population density of each Barangay:

1.1 Total population

1.2 Total residential area

1.3 Number of household

2. Residential Status

2.1 Percentage of informal settler households or families

2.2 Percentage of families, living in poverty

3. Livestock

4. Electricity consumption

5. Transportation
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The researchers want to know the total amount of greenhouse gas emission of the various
factors from the different barangays in the Province of Negros Oriental. They want to identify
which among the factors greatly contributes of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and to make
satisfactory resolution for local climate change. The barangays included in the study are Brgy.
Butong in Manjuyod, Brgy.

Barangay Officials. As a leader in there barangay, they should be aware of the problems
occurs within the community. They must plan and implement rules that can solve with regards to
the concerns of the citizens in order to ensure their welfare.

Residents. It is important to educate people in terms of the causes of different calamities

that we experienced today, due to the environmental activities which greatly affects climate
change specifically those who are living in the Barangay Butong, which are under study.

Other researchers.
1.4 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study is focused on the factors that contribute to climate change, which greatly
affects people and its environment. After determining such impacts, the researchers seek to
develop a local climate change action plan to solve problems present in that community due to
continuous rise in temperature. The respondents are the people live in that particular Barangay. A
survey questionnaire where given to 100 households in every barangay to answer the given
question relevant to the study. The variables that the researchers want to identify are on the use
of gasoline per day, consumed electricity on the months of January and June, and the number of
livestock present.

1.5 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

1.6 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

Adaptability. An action that helps people copes with the effects of climate change.

Global Warming is a long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate
system, an aspect of climate change shown by temperature measurements and by multiple effects
of the warming.

Greenhouse Gas is a gas that absorbs and emits radiant energy within the thermal
infrared range. Greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in
Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone.

Greenhouse Effect. The greenhouse effect is the process by which radiation from a
planet's atmosphere warms the planet's surface, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere
to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface.

Water Vapor is the gaseous phase of water and can be produced from the evaporation or
boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice.

Air Pollution is a mixture of solid particles and gases in the air. Examples are car
emissions, chemicals from factories, dust, pollen and mold spores may be suspended as
particles.

Carbon Dioxide is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry
air. Carbon dioxide (CO2) came from burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas from
industries and cars.

Nitrous Oxide is a chemical compound, an oxide of nitrogen with the formula N ₂O. At
room temperature, it is a colorless non-flammable gas, with a slight metallic scent and taste. At
elevated temperatures, nitrous oxide is a powerful oxidizer similar to molecular oxygen.

Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas that is found in small quantities in Earth's

atmosphere. Methane (CH4) is come from natural sources such as wetlands and from manmade
sources such as agriculture, and landfills and waste from homes and business establishments.
Domestic livestock such as cattle, sheep, swine, goats and etc. that produce large amounts of
CH4 as part of their normal digestive process.

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is an organic compound that contains carbon, chlorine, and

fluorine, produced as a volatile derivative of methane and ethane. A common subclass is the
hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which contain hydrogen, as well.

Ground Level-ozone is a man-made air pollutant that can have harmful effects on both
humans and the environments. This is produced when nitrogen oxides (NO2) formed by
combustion processes and volatile organic compounds from many sources, such as cars, trucks,
industrial boilers, power plants, solvents and other commercial and consumer products.

Weather is an atmospheric condition at a particular place in terms of air temperature,

pressure, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation. Weather varies from place to place and across
the globe and is measured in short time periods.

Precipitation includes rain and snow, typically recorded as cumulative amount over a
given time period ranging from a day to a year, in inches.

Climate is the statistics of weather over long periods of time. It is measured by assessing
the patterns of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation,
atmospheric particle count and other meteorological variables in a given region over long periods
of time.

Climate Change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns when that
change lasts for an extended period of time.

Disaster risk reduction is a systematic approach to identifying, assessing and reducing

the risks of disaster. It aims to reduce socio-economic vulnerabilities to disaster as well as
dealing with the environmental and other hazards that trigger them.

Mitigation is an action that will reduce man-made climate change.

Population Density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume.

 CHAPTER 2

2.1 Related Literature

2.1.1 Factors of Climate Change

The three main factors that directly influence the greenhouse effect:

1. The total energy influx from the sun, which depends on the earth’s distance from the
sun and on solar activity.

2. The chemical composition of the atmosphere (what gases are present and in what
concentrations).

3. Albedo, the ability of the earth's surface to reflect light back into space.

The only factor that has changed significantly in the last 100 years is the chemical composition
of the atmosphere—and that is because of human activity. The rising concentration of GHGs in
the atmosphere could lead to change in the world’s climate change.
Human Population

Human population growth is a major contributor to global warming, given that

humans use fossil fuels to power their increasingly mechanized lifestyles. More people means
more demand for oil, gas, coal and other fuels mined or drilled from below the Earth’s surface
that, when burned, spew enough carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere to trap warm air
inside like a greenhouse (Scientific American 2019).

Number of Household

The number of electric and electronic equipment owned by households has a large
portion of energy consumption. Large electric appliance such as, washing machines, dryers,
refrigerators, and freezers have been responsible for most of the electricity use in households and
are comparable importance in terms of life-cycle of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
(Environmental Science and Technology 2011).

Human Activities

Human activities contribute to climate change by causing changes in Earth’s atmosphere

in the amounts of greenhouse gases, aerosols (small particles), and cloudiness. The largest
known contribution comes from the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide gas to
the atmosphere (Solomon, S. et.al. 2007).
 NO. OF 60
NO. OF
NO.OF MALE NO. OF FEMALE NO. OF 5 YRS.OLD YRS. OLD
BARANGAY NATIVE
(RESPONDENTS) (RESPONDENTS) BELOW AND
SETTLERS
ABOVE

BUTONG 93 231 205 20 24

TOTAL NO.
NO. OF
BARANGAY NO. OF COWS NO. OF DUCK NO. OF CHICKEN OF
SWINES
LIVESTOCK

BUTONG 227 102 16 556 901

TOTAL NO. OF
BARANGAY TOTAL POPULATION HOUSEHOLD TOTAL POPULATION DENSITY
(2019)

BUTONG 2,185 472

NO. OF TOTAL GASOLOINE

BARANGAY NO. OF CARS
MOTORCYCLES CONSUMPTION/DAY

BUTONG 108 8 109 L

TOTAL ELECTRICITY BILL/kWh

BARANGAY
JANUARY JUNE

BUTONG 13, 944.10 14, 573.20

Total population of Brgy. Butong: 2, 185
Total Household: 472
Lumad: 93
Dili: 7
Lalake: 231
Babaye: 205
(No. 5 anyos paubos): 20
(No. 60 anyos pataas): 24
Baboy: 227
Baka: 102
Pato: 16
Manok: 556
Kotse: 8
Motor: 108
Gasolina: 109