Small Wars

The Cultural Politics of Childhood

EDITED BY

Nancy Scheper-Hughes and

Carolyn Sargent

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS

Berkeley Los Angeles London
 CONTENTS

Introduction
Nancy Scheper-Hughes and Carolyn Sargent / l

PART I - N E G O T I A T I N G P A R E N T H O O D A N D
C H I L D H O O D / 35

Infanticide, the Spirits of Aborted Fetuses, and

the Making of Motherhood in Japan
Mary Picone / 37

Ambiguities Lost: Fashioning the Fetus into a Child in Ecuador

and the United States
Lynn M. Morgan / 58

Reproductive Partners: Doctor-Woman Relations in Israeli

and Canadian IVF Contexts
Daphna Birenbaum-Carmeli / 75

Examining Surrogacy Discourses:

Between Feminine Power and Exploitation
Elizabeth F. S. Roberts / 93

Neonatal Jaundice: The Cultural History of the Creation and

Maintenance of a "Disease" of Newborns
John A. Brett and Susan Niermeyer / 1 1 1

Mamitis and the Traumas of Development

in a Colonia Popular of Mexico City
Matthew C. Gutmann / 130

Ethical Reflections: Taking a Walk on the Wild Side

Meira Weiss / 149
 PART II-THE CULTURAL POLITICS
OF CHILD SURVIVAL / 163
Historical Perspectives on Infant and
Child Mortality in Northwestern Portugal
Caroline B. Brettell / 165

Children's Health as Accumulated Capital: Structural Adjustment

in the Dominican Republic and Cuba
Linda M. Whiteford / 186

Bad Boys and Good Girls: The Implications

of Gender Ideology for Child Health in Jamaica
Carolyn Sargent and Michael Harris / 202

Who Is the Rogue? Hunger, Death,

and Circumstance in John Mampe Square
Leonard B. Lerer / 228

PART III • SMALL WARS: CHILDREN AND VIOLENCE /

"Good Mothers," "Babykillers," and Fatal Child Maltreatment
Jill E. Korbin / 253

Ritual and Satanic Abuse in England

J. S. La Fontaine / 277

Institutionalized Sex Abuse and the Catholic Church

Nancy Scheper-Hughes / 295

Children in Extremely Difficult Circumstances:

War and Its Aftermath in C r o a t i a
Maria B. Olujic / 318

Families and Children in Pain in the U.S. Inner City

Philippe Bourgois / 331

Brazilian Apartheid: Street Kids and the Struggle for Urban Space
Nancy Scheper-Hughes and Daniel Hoffman / 352

Nothing Bad Intended: Child Discipline, Punishment, and

Survival in a Shantytown in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Donna M. Goldstein / 389

NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS / 416

INDEX / 421