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CHAPTER 1

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In a general business sense, logistics is the management of the flow of things between the
point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet requirements of customers or
corporations. The resources managed in logistics may include tangible goods such as
materials, equipment, and supplies, as well as food and other consumable items. The
logistics of physical items usually involves the integration of information flow, materials
handling, production, packaging, inventory, transportation, warehousing, and
often security.

The recent Indian logistics sector comprises inbound and outbound segments of the
manufacturing and services supply chains. Of late, the logistics infrastructure has gained
the much needed boost from business houses as well as policy makers. Managing the
infrastructure to effectively compete with other industries has not been given its due
emphasis. Inadequate logistics infrastructure can create bottlenecks in the growth of an
economy. The logistics management regimen has the capability to overcome the
disadvantages while providing cutting-edge competitiveness in the long run. There exist
several challenges and opportunities for the sector in the Indian economy.

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The logistics firms are moving from a traditional set-up to the integration of IT and
technology to their operations to reduce the costs incurred and to meet the service
demands. The growth of the Indian logistics sector depends much upon its soft
infrastructure like education, training and policy framework as much as the hard
infrastructure. To support India’s fast-paced economy growth logistics industry is very
essential. It is estimated that the industry will continue to grow at a robust rate of 10-15 per
cent annually.

The global economic outlook and that of India is expected to significantly improve as India
begins to tackle the economic downturn. With a new government many policies are
expected to be implemented, which will give a fresh impetus to India’s growth engine,
particularly in the corporate and small and medium enterprises (SME) sector, which in turn
will expand demand for the logistics sector.

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Company Details

CIN U74899DL1974PTC007267

Company Name INTEROCEAN SHIPPING (INDIA)

PRIVATE LIMITED

Company Status Active

RoC RoC-Delhi

Registration 7267
Number

Company Category Company limited by Shares

Company Sub Non-Gov. company

Category

Class of Company Private

Date of 20 May 1974

Incorporation

Age of Company 45 years, 3 month, 4 days

No of employees 500 - 1001+

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The INTEROCEAN group was launched by Captain Kailash C. Saigal in 1961 with the
formation of INTEROCEAN SHIPPING COMPANY as a Ship Broking house. After years
of success in the industry and some pioneering cargo fixtures, the group diversified into
various other activities. Following companies were formed to assist this growth :

INTEROCEAN SHIPPING COMPANY

INTEROCEAN SHIPPING (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED

INTEROCEAN PROJECTS PRIVATE LIMITED

INTEROCEAN INSURANCE SURVEYORS & LOSS ASSESSORS PRIVATE

LIMITED

INTEROCEAN NAVIGATION LIMITED

INTEROCEAN TOURS & TRAVELS

INTEROCEAN FOUNDATION

The Group’s corporate office is based in New Delhi with branches spread along the Indian
Coastline, Chittagong (Bangladesh) and Colombo (Sri Lanka). Our guiding philosophy is
to continuously set the bar higher, set new benchmarks in advancing quality and
professional services on all fronts. In this extremely competitive environment,
INTEROCEAN has carved a niche for itself due to our competence and integrity.

All operational issues are directed by the Management Committee under the dynamic
leadership of the C.E.O. Mr. Arjun Saigal. The Group of Companies collectively employs
over 700 personnel worldwide.

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To inspire all those who work at interocean shipping with a passion for excellence and
smooth execution .in order to make this a reality we have set up many training session and
workshop where the members of the management and staff intermingle and exchange
export ideas in ways the company could develop.

To be the most sought after services provider to the shipping and logistics industry in the
global arena. our vision includes building the brand name that has been built on strong
services values and ethics.

Service Provider of a wide range of services which include

 Port Agency,
 Ship Broking,
 Marine & Industrial Insurance Survey,
 Chartering Brokers,
 Ship owing

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 We are engaged in ship agency and related activities all along the Indian coast for the
past 45 years. We cover all major Indian ports through our own offices at Bhavnagar,
Chennai, Dehradun, Gandhidham, Goa, Haldia, JNPT, Jamnagar, Kakinada, Kochi,
Kolkata, Mumbai, New Mangalore, Paradip, Surat and Visakhap- atnam. These offices
are managed by senior technicians and commercial executives of vast experience.

We are the brokers of The Chief Controller of Chartering, Ministry of Shipping,

Government of India, New Delhi. We are also the brokers for various other private
charterers, dry & liquid cargoes, specialized cargoes such as Ammonia, Chemicals,
LPG, sale-purchase and demolition of tonnage. Our chartering team is committed to
quality, fast, efficient and friendly services. Each member of the team works
individually and monitors different market sectors and tonnage types using their own
competence and expertise to best serve their principals.

Our Chartering activities involve:

 Dry Cargo
 Tankers-Clean, Dirty, Indian Tonnage & specialized

They are engaged in the business of conducting surveys and loss assessment for
insurance claims filed under marine, engineering, fire and miscellaneous insurance
policies. We are also actively involved in Pre-acceptance, Pre-dispatch & Pre-insurance
Risk inspection. While our head office is in New Delhi, we have well equipped branch
offices in all the four metros and also at all the major ports of India. In the business
since 1987, our name is well known in the industry. In our view a good insurance
system encourages risk-taking & initiative by providing a cushion against sudden &
unexpected losses. As senior surveyors, our mission is to ensure that all genuine
claimants are compensated for their losses and at the same time prevent misuse of the

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 insurance policies. This, besides inculcating the spirit of enterprise in our people, will
also contribute towards better mental health by re-inforcing their faith in the system.

We are involved in acquiring specialized shipping tonnage for worldwide trading. In

1998 we acquired a new ocean going tug, MT-A.A-1 with a capacity of 23.8 T Bollard
Pull (specification listed below). This tug has on board all the latest and modern
equipment. The contract for building second and third tug is almost finalized and we
hope to go ahead with the construction by early next year.

We have plans to expand our fleet to several ships comprising of tankers, bulk carriers
and specialized vessels. To meet these objectives, our Board of Directors have chalked
out a "Roll-on" plan for the next ten years. At the end of this plan, the company would
have:

 Tugs - 3 Nos.
 Tankers - 3 Nos.
 Specialized vessels - 4 Nos.

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CHAPTER 2

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It's a private unlisted company and is classified as 'company limited by shares'.
Company's authorized capital stands at Rs 100.0 lakhs and has 24.359999% paid-up capital
which is Rs 24.36 lakhs. Interocean Shipping (india) Private Limited last annual general
meet (AGM) happened on 30 Sep, 2017.

Allcargo Logistics Ltd was founded in the year 1993 in Mumbai. It is one of the top 10
logistics companies in India. It is offering multi modal transportation services. This leading
logistic firm headquartered in India and the part of Avvashya Group. It offers a different
range of multi modal transport services includes less than container load, non-vessel-
operating common carrier, and full container load. It is one of the best logistics companies
in India. It also offers pan India container freight stations, third party logistics, inland
container depots, ship owning, warehousing and chartering.

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DHL Express India Pvt is one of the best logistics companies in India. It is an international
logistics company spreading in more than 200 countries and territories across the globe.
DHL is part of the world’s leading postal and logistics company-‘Deutsche Post DHL
Group’ and encompasses the business units DHL Parcel, DHL Freight, DHL Express,
DHL Supply Chain DHL eCommerce, DHL Global Forwarding. The company offers
various services such as- International express delivery solution, express delivery solution,
global forwarding, by Rail, Sea, Air and Road, freight transportation, supply chain
solutions, warehousing and distribution services etc. The company was established in the
year 1969 and has its headquarters located in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

Sical Logistics Ltd is India’s leading integrated logistics solutions provider with over 5
decades of experience in providing end to end logistics solutions. The company was
founded in the year 1955. Sical is one of the few ‘Made In India’ organizations with a
strong network having independent operations countrywide. The company’s divisions
include Port Handling, Road Logistics, Retail Supply Chain Solutions, Customs House
Agency, Ship Agency & Goodwill Travels Division.

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CHAPTER 3

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 Political factors play a significant role in determining the factors that can impact
interocean shipping pvt ltd.'s long term profitability in a certain country or market. It is
operating in Shipping in more than dozen countries and expose itself to different types of
political environment and political system risks. Interocean shipping can closely analyze
the following factors before entering or investing in a certain market-

 Political stability and importance of Shipping sector in the country's economy.

 Bureaucracy and interference in Shipping industry by government.

 Legal framework for contract enforcement

 Trade regulations & tariffs related to Services

 Anti-trust laws related to Shipping

 Taxation - tax rates and incentives

 Wage legislation - minimum wage and overtime

 Mandatory employee benefits

The Macro environment factors such as – inflation rate, savings rate, interest rate, foreign
exchange rate and economic cycle determine the aggregate demand and aggregate
investment in an economy. While micro environment factors such as competition norms
impact the competitive advantage of the firm.

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 Economic factors that should be consider while conducting PESTEL analysis are -

 Type of economic system in countries of operation – what type of economic system there
is and how stable it is.

 Exchange rates & stability of host country currency.

 Infrastructure quality in Shipping industry

 Education level in the economy

 Labor costs and productivity in the economy

 Economic growth rate

 Unemployment rate

 Inflation rate

 Interest rates

Society’s culture and way of doing things impact the culture of an organization in an
environment. Social factors that leadership of interocean shipping should analyze for
PESTEL analysis are -

 Demographics and skill level of the population

 Class structure, hierarchy and power structure in the society.

 Culture (gender roles, social conventions etc.)

 Entrepreneurial spirit and broader nature of the society. Some societies encourage
entrepreneurship while some don’t.

 Attitudes (health, environmental consciousness, etc.)

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 Technology is fast disrupting various industries across the board. Over the last 5 years the
industry has been transforming really fast, not even giving chance to the established
players to cope with the changes.

A firm should not only do technological analysis of the industry but also the speed at
which technology disrupts that industry. Slow speed will give more time while fast speed
of technological disruption may give a firm little time to cope and be profitable.
Technology analysis involves understanding the following impacts -

 Recent technological developments by interocean shipping competitors

 Technology's impact on product offering

 Impact on cost structure in Shipping industry

 Impact on value chain structure in Services sector

 Rate of technological diffusion

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Different markets have different norms or environmental standards which can impact the
profitability of an organization in those markets. Even within a country often states can
have different environmental laws and liability laws.
Some of the environmental factors that a firm should consider beforehand are -

 Weather

 Climate change

 Laws regulating environment pollution

 Air and water pollution regulations in Shipping industry

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 Waste management in Services sector

 Attitudes toward “green” or ecological products

 Attitudes toward and support for renewable energy

In number of countries, the legal framework and institutions are not robust enough to
protect the intellectual property rights of an organization. A firm should carefully evaluate
before entering such markets as it can lead to theft of organization’s secret sauce thus the
overall competitive edge. Some of the legal factors that inter ocean shipping pvt ltd
leadership should consider while entering a new market are -

 Anti-trust law in Shipping industry and overall in the country.

 Discrimination law

 Copyright, patents / Intellectual property law

 Consumer protection and e-commerce

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CHAPTER - 4

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