Turkish Air Force

The Turkish Air Force (Turkish: Türk Hava Kuvvetleri) is the aerial warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed
Turkish Air Force
Forces. The Turkish Air Force can trace its origins back to June 1911 when it was founded by the Ottoman Empire,[9]
Türk Hava Kuvvetleri
however, the air force as it is known today did not come into existence until 1923 with the creation of the Republic of
Turkey.[10]

The Turkish Armed Forces initiated a $160 billion (excluding the yearly military budget) modernization program. $45
billion is earmarked to go to the overhaul of the Turkish Air Force. As part of this program, Ankara aims to
commission new combat aircraft (consisting of TAI TFX and Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II) and helicopters
(consisting of heavy lift, attack, medium lift and light general purpose helicopters).

According to Flight International (Flightglobal.com) and the International Institute for Strategic Studies, the Turkish
Air Force has an active strength of 60,000 military personnel and operates approximately 668 manned aircraft
(2014).[5][6]

Emblem of the Turkish Air Force

(Turkish Armed Forces portal)

Active
Contents 1911 (Ottoman Airforce)[1]
History April 23, 1920 (Turkish Air
Initial stages Force Branch)[2]
Inspectorate of Air Forces
January 31, 1944
Air Force Command
(Turkish Air Force
Turkish Air Force and NATO
Notable events Command, corps scale)[3]

Equipment July 1, 1949 (Turkish Air

Fighter and reconnaissance aircraft Force Command, army
Airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft scale)[4]
Aerial refueling tanker aircraft
Military transport aircraft Country Turkey
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) Type Air force
Satellites
Role Aerial warfare
Formation and structure
Commands Size 60,000 personnel[5]
Squadrons 668 aircraft[6]
Insignia Part of Turkish Armed Forces
Future of the Turkish Air Force Headquarters Ankara
See also Colors Grey, White & Blue
References
March Turkish Air Force March
External links Play
Anniversaries June 1[7]
Engagements
History List of conflicts involving
Turkey

War of Independence
Initial stages
Ararat Rebellion
The history of Ottoman military aviation dates back to between June 1909 and July 1911.[11] The Ottoman flight
squadrons participated in the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) and World War I (1914–1918).[2][12] The fleet size reached its Dersim Rebellion
apex in December 1916, when the Ottoman aviation had 90 active combat aircraft. Some early help for the Ottoman Korean War
Air Force came from the Imperial German Fliegertruppe (known by that name before October 1916), with future Battle of Tylliria
Central Powers 13-victory flying ace Hans-Joachim Buddecke flying with the Turks early in World War I as just one Invasion of Cyprus
example.[13] The General Inspectorate of Air Forces (Kuva-yı Havaiye Müfettiş-i Umumiliği) trying to reconstruct
Operation Provide
.[2]
itself on July 29, 1918 had no personnel, but only remained as a title on paper
Comfort
After the end of World War I and the occupation of the Ottoman Empire by the Allies in 1919, some Turkish aviators Operation Deliberate
tried to build new units in Istanbul, İzmir, Konya, Elazığ and Diyarbakır with planes left over from World War I and Force
tried to bring together flight personnel.[2] During the Turkish War of Independence, Turkish pilots joined the Konya Air Operation Northern
Station (Konya Hava İstasyonu). With the formation of the Grand National Assembly (GNA) by Mustafa Kemal and Watch
his colleagues on April 23, 1920, in Ankara, and the reorganization of the army, the Branch of Air Forces (Kuva-yı
Operation Allied Force
Havaiye Şubesi) was established under the Office of War (Harbiye Dairesi) of the GNA.[2] A few damaged aircraft
Operation Enduring
belonging to the GNA were repaired, and afterwards used in combat.
Freedom
On 1 February 1921, the Branch of Air Forces was renamed as the General Directorate of Air Forces (Kuva-yı Havaiye Kurdish–Turkish conflict
Müdüriyet-i Umûmiyesi) at Eskişehir and on 5 July 1922 reorganized as the Inspectorate of Air Forces (Kuva-yı
Operation Northern Iraq
Havaiye Müfettişliği) at Konya.[2][14]
Operation Sun
Inspectorate of Air Forces Iraq Cross-border Raids

After the proclamation of independence and sovereignty with the Treaty of Lausanne and the establishment of the Operation Martyr Yalçın
Republic of Turkey on 29 October 1923, approaches were made to form a modern Air Force. Originally consisting of 3 Turkey–ISIL conflict
normal and 1 naval aviation units, and an air school, the number of units was increased to 10 normal and 3 naval Turco-Russian
aviation units.[15] Starting in 1924, personnel were sent abroad for flight education.[15] In 1925 the Air School was Confrontation
reestablished in Eskişehir and its first students graduated in that same year.[15] The Inspectorate of Air Forces was
Kurdish–Turkish conflict
reorganized as Underdecretariat of the Ministry of Defense in 1928 and new schools were found for non-pilot
(2015–present)
personnel.[15] Some personnel were sent to the United Kingdom and France for training; others were sent to the United
Operation Euphrates
States and Italy in 1930.[15]
Shield
On July 1, 1932, air regiments were considered to be a separate combat arm and started training its own personnel.[15] Operation Olive Branch
[15]
The Turkish aviators began to wear blue uniforms from 1933.
Website hvkk.tsk.tr/
Sabiha Gökçen became the first female fighter pilot in military history in 1937.[16] Another key event in 1937 was the Commanders
establishment of the Air War College (Hava Harp Akademisi).[15] Commander-in- President Recep Tayyip
Chief Erdoğan
Air Force Command Minister of Minister Nurettin Canikli
National
By 1940, Turkish air brigades had more than 500 combat aircraft in its inventory, becoming the largest air force in the
Defence
Balkans and the Middle East.[15] The growing inventory of air brigades required another structural change, which was
made in 1940.[15] The Air Undersecretariat under the Ministry of National Defense for logistical affairs and the Chief of the General Hulusi Akar
General Staff for educational affairs were united to form the Air Force Command (Hava Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı) in General Staff
1944.[15] Thus, the Air Force became a separate branch of the Turkish Armed Forces.[17] The first Commander of the Commander General Hasan Küçükakyüz
Turkish Air Force was General Zeki Doğan.[17] Turkey did not enter World War II on the side of the Allies until
Vice Lt. General Turgut Atman
February 1945. However, the Turkish Armed Forces went on full alert and were prepared for warollowing
f the military
Commander
alliance between neighbouringBulgaria and the Axis Powers which was formalized in March 1941, and the occupation
Chief of Staff Lt. General İsmail
of neighbouring Greece by the Axis Powers in April 1941. W
ithin a year, Turkey's borders were surrounded by German
Güneykaya
forces in the northwest and west, and Italian forces in the southwest. The Turkish Air Force made daily reconnaissance
flights over Bulgaria, Greece, theGreek Islands in the Aegean Sea, and the Dodecanese Islands which then belonged to Insignia
Italy, to monitor the positions of the Axis forces. The large cities in western Turkey were darkened at nights, and anti- Flag of Turkish
aircraft guns and searchlights were deployed for defence against possible enemy planes. Almost all available money in Air Force
the Turkish Government Treasury was used to purchase new weapons from any available provider in the world. The Command
Turkish Air Force received large numbers of new aircraft in this period, including Supermarine Spitfire
Mk.I/V/IX/XIX, Curtiss Falcon CW-22R/B, Fairey Battle-I, Avro Anson-I, Hawker Hurricane I/II, Morane-Saulnier Roundel
M.S.406, Curtiss P-40 Tomahawk, Curtiss P-40 Kittyhawk, Westland Lysander-I, Consolidated B-24D Liberator B-24,
Bristol Blenheim IV/V, Bristol Beaufort, Bristol Beaufighter Mk.I/X, Focke Wulf FW-190-A3, Martin 187 Baltimore,
De Havilland DH.98 Mosquito Mk.III/IV, Douglas B-26B/C Invader, P-47D Thunderbolt and Douglas C-47A/B
Dakota. Fin flash

The Air Machinist School (Hava Makinist Okulu) was reorganized as Aircraft Maintenance School (Hava Uçak Bakım
Okulu) on 2 January 1950[18] to unite schools responsible for training non-pilot Air Force personnel.[17] In 1950 it also Aviator badge
was decided to upgrade the Air Force fleet through the inclusion of jets.[17] Eight pilots were sent to the United States
for jet pilot training.[17] They graduated in 1951 and started training jet pilots in the Turkish Air Force.[17] In the same Aircraft flown
year, the 9th Fighter Wing (9uncu Ana Jet Üssü) was founded in Balıkesir as Turkey's first fighter wing; the 191st, Bomber F-4E-2020 Terminator
192nd, and 193rd squadrons being the first ones which were established.[17] Further training in the United States
Electronic B-737 AEW&C, CN-235
followed, usually involving jet manufacturers. In 1951 the Air Force Academy was formed with integrating some air
warfare EW
schools in Eskişehir and its first academic year started on 1 October 1951.[19] In 1956 the Hava Eğitim Kolordu
Komutanlığı (Air Education Corps Command) was founded and all education was united under this command. The Fighter F-16C/D
command was renamed asHava Eğitim Komutanlığı(Air Education Command) in 1957.[17] Helicopter T129 ATAK AS-532 UL/AL,
UH-1H, T-70
Upon Turkey's membership to NATO in 1952, the process of modernization was accelerated.[17] In 1962 the Taktik
Reconnaissance Anka, Gözcü, GNAT 750,
Hava Kuvveti (Tactical Air Force) was founded by upgrading the Hava Tümeni (Air Division) units to corps-level
Heron, Predator, Bayraktar
organizations. In 1974 the Air Force was employed in the Cyprus War.[17] With the arrival of 3rd generation fighter
Tactical UAS, Pelikan,
jets in 1980, the Air Force was reorganized.[17]
Şimşek, Martı, Keklik,
Baykuş
Turkish Air Force and NATO Trainer F-5F 2000, Hürkuş SF-
The headquarters of NATO's Allied Air Component Command for Southern Europe (formerly designated as 260D, T-38M, KT-1T
AIRSOUTH and originally headquartered inNaples, Italy) was established inİzmir, Turkey, on 11 August 2004. Allied Transport A400M, C-130B/E, C-160T,
Air Command İzmir was deactivated on 1 June 2013, when the Allied Air Command (AIRCOM) at the Ramstein Air CN235-100M, KC-135R
TO.[20]
Base in Germany became the sole Allied Air Component Command of NA

Turkey is one of five NATO member states which are part of the nuclear sharing policy of the alliance, together with Belgium, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands.[21] A total of 90
B61 nuclear bombs are hosted at the Incirlik Air Base, 40 of which are allocated for use by the Turkish Air Force in case of a nuclear conflict, but their use requires the approval of
NATO.[22] As of 2010, the United States is considering withdrawing these nuclear bombs from urkey,
T [23]
and from several other foreign locations in Europe.

Notable events
 Sabiha Gökçen was the first Turkish female combat pilot. She joined the Turkish Air Force in 1936 and in 1937 took part in the military operation to put down the
Dersim Revolt, thus becoming the world's first female air force pilot with battle experience. Throughout her career in theurkish
T Air Force, which lasted until
1964, Gökçen flew 22 different types of aircraft for more than 8000 hours, 32 of which were active combat and bombardment missions. [24] She was selected as

" he 20 Greatest Aviators in History" published by the United States Air Forcein 1996.[24]
the only female pilot for the poster of T
In 1995, the Turkish Air Force took part in NATO's Operation Deliberate Force.
Turkey provided 18 F-16s for the NATO campaign against Serbia duringOperation Allied Force in 1999. Of these, 11 TAI-built F-16s were stationed at the NATO
base in Aviano, Italy, while the other 7 were based in Ankara, T urkey. All were equipped with laser-guided bombs using theLANTIRN night vision system. Turkish
jets had previously patrolled Balkan airspace, providing protection for attacking aircraft. During this allied air campaign,
AI-built
T F-16s set a world CAP record by
patrolling for 9 hours and 22 minutes above the Balkan theatre. Normally , CAP missions last between 3 and 4 hours.
Turkey participated in theUnited Nations peacekeeping mission inBosnia-Herzegovina, employing two squadrons (one in theGhedi fighter wing, and after 2000
one in the Aviano fighter wing).[17] They returned to Turkey in 2001.
In 2006, 4 Turkish F-16 fighter jets were deployed for NATO's Baltic Air Policing operation.
In December 2007, the Turkish Air Force initiated Operation Northern Iraq, which continued until the end of February 2008, eventually becoming a part of
Operation Sun. At the initial phase of this operation, on December 16, 2007, the uAF T used the AGM-65 Maverick and AGM-142 Popeye/Have Napduring a
night bombardment for the first time.
On 22 June 2012, a Turkish RF-4E PhantomII reconnaissance aircraft was lost, reportedly due to Syrian anti-aircraft fire. The incident happened over the
Mediterranean Sea, close to the town of Ras al-Bassit.[25]
On September 16, 2013, Turkish jets shot down a Syrian Mi-17 helicopter on the Syrian-T urkish border.[26]
On 23 March 2014, Turkish fighter jets shot down a Syrian MiG-23. TheSyrian Arab Republic claims that its aircraft was in Syrian airspace on a mission to attack
[27]
rebel held areas in the city ofLatakia when it was shot down by Turkey in an act of "blatant aggression." The Syrian pilot successfully ejected from the aircraft.
Turkish Prime Minister Erdoğan stated that Turkish F-16s shot down the aircraft for violating Turkish airspace and said that the Turkish "response will be heavy if
you violate our airspace."[28]
On 24 November 2015, a Turkish F-16 shot down a Russian Su-24 Fencer strike aircraftwhich, according to Turkish authorities, hadviolated its airspace. The
Russian Government contests those claims, stating that the aircraft never enteredurkish
T airspace. One Russian pilot was killed, the other rescued in a Russian
special forces operation.[29][30]

Equipment

Fighter and reconnaissance aircraft

In 1984 Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) was established and Turkey started to produce fighter aircraft locally under license, including a total of 232 F-16 Fighting Falcon (Block
30/40/50) aircraft for the air force. The air force had previously received 8 F-16s that were purchased directly from the United States, bringing the total number of F-16s received by
the air force to 240.[31] TAI is currently building 30 new F-16 Block 50+ aircraft for the TuAF[32][33] and is applying a CCIP upgrade on the existing fleet of Block 30/40/50 F-16s,
which will bring all of them to the Block 50+ standard.[31][34][35][36] Dozens of TAI-built F-16s were also exported to other countries, particularly in the Middle East. A total of 46
TAI-built F-16s have been exported to the Egyptian Air Force under the Peace Vector IV Program (1993–1995), making it TAI's second-largest F-16 customer after the Turkish Air
Force.[37] Turkey is one of only five countries in the world which locally produce the F-16 Fighting Falcon.
[31]

Airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft

A total of four Boeing 737 AEW&C Peace Eagle (Turkish: Barış Kartalı) aircraft (together with ground support systems) were
ordered by the Turkish Air Force, with an option for two more aircraft. Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) is the primary
subcontractor for the Peace Eagle parts production, aircraft modification, assembly and tests. Another subcontractor, Havelsan, is
[38]
responsible for system analysis and software support.

Signed on 23 July 2003, the contract to Boeing valued at US$1.385 billion, which was later reduced by US$59 million because some
of the requirements were not met. The down payment to Boeing amounted to US$637 million. The project consists of the delivery of
Boeing 737 AEW&C Peace Eagle
737-700 airframes, ground radars and control systems, ground control segments for mission crew training, mission support and
maintenance support.[39]

Peace Eagle 1 is modified and tested by Boeing Integrated Defense Systems in Seattle, Washington, USA. Peace Eagle 2, 3 and 4 are modified and tested at the facilities of TAI in
Ankara, Turkey, with the participation of Boeing and a number of Turkish companies. As of 2006, the four Peace Eagle airplanes were scheduled to be delivered in 2008.[40] As of
mid-2007, systems integration was ongoing and airworthiness certification works continued. In September 2007, Boeing completed the first test flight of
urkey's
T AEW&C 737.[41]

On 4 June 2008, it was announced that Turkish Aerospace Industries completed the first in-country modification of a Boeing 737-700 into an airborne early warning and control
(AEW&C) platform for Turkey's Peace Eagle program.[42]

The first Peace Eagle aircraft, named Kuzey (meaning North) was formally accepted into Turkish Air Force inventory on 21 February 2014.[43][44][45][46] The remaining three aircraft
will be named Güney (South), Doğu (East) and Batı (West).[46]

The six-year delay was a result of Boeing experiencing difficulties while developing some features required by the Turkish Air Force. Turkey demanded compensation of US$183
million from Boeing for the delay. The payment of the penalty is requested in the form of increased start-up support period from an initially planned two years to five years, as well as
[39]
three years of software maintenance service and around US$32 million in spare parts.

Aerial refueling tanker aircraft

In 1994 the Turkish Air Force signed a deal to lease two and purchase seven Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker aerial refueling tanker aircraft.[47] Following the arrival of all seven
purchased aircraft, the two leased KC-135Rs were returned to the United States.[47] All seven KC-135R Stratotanker aircraft of the Turkish Air Force have received the Pacer CRAG
(Compass, Radar And GPS) upgrade. The KC-135R-CRAG Stratotanker aerial refueling tanker aircraft of the Turkish Air Force are operated by the 101st Squadron, stationed at the
Incirlik Air Base.[47]

Military transport aircraft

Turkey is a partner nation in the Airbus A400M Atlas production program. The Turkish Air Force has ordered a total of ten A400M
Atlas aircraft.[48] The first two A400M Atlas were delivered to the Turkish Air Force in 2014.[49][50][51] All A400M Atlas deliveries
to the Turkish Air Force are scheduled to be completed by 2018.[52][53] Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) produces several
components of the A400M Atlas, including the middle-front fuselage, emergency exit doors, rear fuselage upper panels, rear upper
escape doors, ailerons and spoilers; which are sent to theAirbus Military factory in Spain for assembly.[54]

Although the Airbus A400M Atlas is essentially a heavy tactical lift aircraft, it can also be transformed into an aerial refueling tanker
aircraft at short notice. Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker(code
62-3567) of the Turkish Air Force
The Turkish Air Force also uses theCASA CN-235, C-130 Hercules and C-160 Transall military transport aircraft. arrives at the 2016 Royal
International Air Tattoo, England

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

At present, the Turkish Air Force operates MALE UAVs such as the TAI Anka, Bayraktar Tactical UAS, IAI Heron and the I-GNAT
ER. Having been unable to purchase the armed version of Predator UCAVs from the United States, Turkey plans to produce armed
UCAV versions of TAI Anka (to be fitted with missiles such as the AGM-114 Hellfire and Roketsan Cirit); while TAI has become the
leading partner in the Talarion UCAV project of EADS.[55][56][57]

Satellites
Turkish Air Force operate an intelligence satellite named Göktürk-2, with plans to commission more in years ahead. These include a Airbus A400M Atlas
0.8m resolution reconnaissance satellite (ProjectGöktürk-1) for use by the Turkish Armed Forces and a 2m resolution reconnaissance
satellite (Project Göktürk-2) for use by the National Intelligence Organization. The production of Göktürk-2 is completed by the
Turkish Aerospace Industries, while Göktürk-1 is still in the production stage. Some electro-optical parts that are required for the
Göktürk-1 (0.8m resolution) satellite were beyond TAI's technological know-how, thus a foreign partner was sought. The official
bidders for the project were EADS Astrium (U.K.), OHB-System (Germany) and Telespazio (Italy);[58] and the contract was won by
Telespazio of Italy.[59]
TAI Anka
Göktürk-2 was launched from Jiuquan Launch Area 4 / SLS-2 in China by a Long March 2D space launch vehicle at 16:12:52 UTC
on December 18, 2012. It was placed into a low Earth orbit of 686 km (426 mi) at 16:26 UTC. The first signal from Göktürk-2 was
received at 17:39 UTC by theTromsø Satellite Station, northern Norway.

In 2013 Turkey approved the construction byROKETSAN of its first satellite launching center, initially for low earth orbit satellites.[60]

[61]
In 2015, Ukraine and Turkey agreed on space program which worth billions of dollars.

Formation and structure

For a long period of time the combat units of the Turkish Air Force were organized into a 1st Air Force (deployed in the western part
of the country and headquartered in Eskişehir) and a 2nd Air Force (deployed in the eastern part of the country and headquartered in
Diyarbakır). On August 5, 2014 the two have been fused into the newly formed Combatant Air Force and Air Defence Command
with headquarters in Eskişehir.[62] After the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attemptand because of its involvement in it the 4th Main Jet Air
Base Command near Ankara has been disbanded in disgrace and its F-16 dispersed to other bases.

Commands
F-16C Fighting Falcon
AIR FORCE COMMAND HQ(Hava Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı Karargâhı) (Ankara)

Chief of the Turkish General Staff: General Hulusi Akar

Commander of the Turkish Air Force: General Abidin Ünal

Combatant Air Force and Air Missile Defense Command(Muharip Hava Kuvveti ve Hava Füze Savunma
Komutanlığı) (Eskişehir)

1st Main Jet Base Command 1

( . Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı) (Eskişehir)

111th Squadron "Panther" (111. Filo "Panter") - F-4E 2020T Terminator (last operational F-4 unit)
112th Squadron "Devil" (112. Filo "Şeytan") (temporarily disbanded in anticipation of F-35As[63] )
F-4E 2020 Terminator at the 3rd Air
113th Squadron "Gazelle" (113. Filo "Ceylan") - F-16C/D Block 50/50+ Fighting Falcon SNIPER
( and DB.110
Force Base in Konya
recon pods-specialised. The former 113th Squadron "Light""Işık")
( flying RF-4E has been disbanded in
2014[64] , but the disbandment of the 4th Main Jet Base in Ankara-Akıncı has resulted in the relocation and
rebadging of its reconnaissance 142nd Squadron "Gazelle"142. ( Filo Ceylan) to Eskişehir[65] )
401st Test Squadron (401. Test Filosu) - F-16C/D Block 30/40, F-4E 2020 (weapons testing and evaluation
squadron, took over this role from the 132nd Squadron [66] )

201st Liaison and SAR Squadron "Attack" 201.( İrtibat ve Arama-Kurtarma Filosu "Atak") - CN-235M-100, AS-
532UL Mk.1
3rd Main Jet Base Command 3
( . Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı) (Konya)

131st Squadron "Dragon" (131. Filo "Ejder") - B-737-7ES AEW&C (AEW squadron)
132nd Squadron "Dagger" (132. Filo "Hançer") - F-16C/D Block 50 Fighting Falcon (in 2014 the unit has been
designated as a weapons and tactics training squadron [67] . However, after the 2016 restructuring of theTuAF
F-16DJ of 192nd Tiger Squadron
units this might has changed, as the Turkish DHA news agency has reported, that 12 F-16s of the squadron
have participated in bombing missions in Northern Syria as part ofOperation Olive Branchin January
2018.[68] )
133rd Aerobatic Squadron "Turkish Stars" (133. Akrotim Filo "Türk Yıldızları") - NF-5A/B 2000 Freedom Fighter
 135th Liaison and SAR Squadron "Fire" 135.
( İrtibat ve Arama-Kurtarma Filosu A
" teş") - AS-532UL Mk.1+
5th Main Jet Base Command 5
( . Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı) (Merzifon)

151st Squadron "Bronze" (151. Filo "Tunç") - F-16C/D Block 50 Fighting Falcon H ( ARM-specialised)
152nd Squadron "Raider" (152. Filo "Akıncı") - F-16C/D Block 50 Fighting Falcon (relocated toIncirlik Air
Base to free facilities at Merzifon for the relocation of 4th Main Jet Base's 143rd Squadron from Ankara-
Akıncı, but retained as part of 5th Main Jet Base Command)
153rd Squadron "Forefather" (153. Filo "Öncel") - F-16C/D Block 30/40 Fighting Falcon (F-16 OCU, the
former 4th Main Jet Base's (in Ankara-Akıncı) 143rd Squadron in the OCU role, relocated to Merzifon and
rebadged as the 153rd.)
5th Main Jet Base Command SAR Flight "Angel" 5. ( Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı Arama-Kurtarma Kolu "Melek" )- SOM cruise missile developed by
AS-532UL Mk.1+ TÜBİTAK SAGE and Roketsan for
6th Main Jet Base Command 6
( . Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı) (Bandırma) the Turkish Air Force

161st Squadron "Bat" (161. Filo "Yarasa") - F-16C/D Block 40/50+ Fighting Falcon LANTIRN-specialised)
(
162nd Squadron "Harpoon" (162. Filo "Zıpkın") - F-16C/D Block 40 Fighting Falcon
6th Main Jet Base Command SAR Flight 6. ( Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı Arama-Kurtarma Kolu) - AS-532UL Mk.1+
( . Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı) (Malatya-Erhaç)[69]
7th Main Jet Base Command 7

171st Squadron "Corsair" (171. Filo "Korsan") (temporarily disbanded, to convert toF-35A)
172nd Squadron "Hawk" (172. Filo "Şahin") (temporarily disbanded, to convert toF-35A)
173rd Squadron "Dawn" (173. Filo "Şafak") (recon squadron, RF-4E/TM(G) phased out of service, to operate armedAI
T Anka UAVs)
7th Main Jet Base Command SAR Flight Burak"
" (7. Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı Arama-Kurtarma Kolu "Burak"
) - AS-532UL Mk.1+
8th Main Jet Base Group Command 8( . Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı) (Diyarbakır)

181st Squadron "Leopard" (181. Filo "Pars") - F-16C/D Block 40TM/Block 50+ Fighting Falcon LANTIRN-specialised)
(
182nd Squadron "Accipiter" (182. Filo "Atmaca") - F-16C/D Block 40 Fighting Falcon
202nd Liaison and SAR Squadron "East" 202.( İrtibat ve Arama-Kurtarma Filosu "Şark") - CN-235M-100, AS-532UL Mk.1+
9th Main Jet Base Command 9
( . Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı) (Balıkesir)

191st Squadron "Cobra" (191. Filo "Kobra") - F-16C/D Block 50 Fighting Falcon
192nd Squadron "Tiger" (192. Filo "Kaplan") - F-16C/D Block 50 Fighting Falcon
9th Main Jet Base Command SAR Flight 9. ( Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı Arama-Kurtarma Kolu
) - AS-532UL Cougar Mk.1+
10th Tanker Base Command (10. Tanker Üs Komutanlığı) (Incirlik)

101st Tanker Squadron "Asena" (101. Tanker Filosu "Asena") - KC-135R Stratotanker
14th UAV Systems Base Command (14. İnsansız Uçak Sistemleri Üs Komutanlığı) (Batman)

TAI Anka, IAI Heron, Karayel, Harpy, I-GNAT ER

Air Defence Command (Hava Savunma Komutanlığı)

15th Missile Base Command (15. Füze Üs Komutanlığı) (Alemdağ-Istanbul)

16 x MIM-23 Hawk XXI batteries protecting Istanbul

9 x Aerial Surveillance Radar Post Commands (Ahlatlıbel-
Ankara; Körfez-Kocaeli; Karabelen-Izmir; Çanakkale; Erzurum; Datça-Muğla; Ayancık-Sinop;
İskenderun-Hatay; Rize)
13 x Airfield Commands (reserve air bases) (Akhisar, Antalya, Batman, Dalaman, Erzurum, Afyon, Çorlu, Muş, Ağrı, Sivas, Sivrihisar, Van, Yalova)
after the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attemptthe 4th Main Jet Base Command inAkıncı-Ankara has been disbanded and demoted to an airfield command status
Air Training Command (Hava Eğitim Komutanlığı) (İzmir)

2nd Main Jet Base Command 2

( . Ana Jet Üs Komutanlığı) (Çiğli-İzmir)

121st Squadron "Bee" (121. Filo "Arı") - T-38A Talon (advanced flying training)
122nd Squadron "Scorpion" (122. Filo "Akrep") - KT-1T (basic flying training)
123rd Squadron "Chick" (123. Filo "Palaz") - SF-260D ((initial flying training)
124th Squadron "Pioneer" (124. Filo "Öncü") (borrows a/c from the other squadrons) (instructor training, standartidation and instrumental flying training)
125th Squadron "Panther" (125. Filo "Panter") - CN-235M-100, UH-1H Iroquois (transport and helicopter training)
Air Training Command Liaison Squadron H
( ava Eğitim Komutanlığı İrtibat Filosu) (İzmir-Adnan Menderes Airport)

203rd SAR Squadron "Aegean" (203. Arama Kurtarma Filosu "Ege") - CN-235M-100
Air Warfare School (Hava Harp Okulu, the Air Force academy) (Yeşilköy-Istanbul)

Training Corps (Eğitim Kıtaatı)

Sparrow Flight (Serçe Kol) - T-41D Mescalero

Search and Rescue Flight (Arama-Kurtarma Kolu) - UH-1H Iroquois
Yalova Glider Camp (Yalova Planör Kampı) - SZD-50-3
Air Force Technical Schools Command (Hava Teknik Okullar Komutanlığı) (Gaziemir Air Base, İzmir)
Air Force NCO Schools Command H ( ava Sınıf Okulları Komutanlığı) (Gaziemir Air Base, İzmir)
Air Force Basic Training Brigade Command (Hava Er Eğitim Tugay Komutanlığı) (Kütahya)
Air Logistical Command(Hava Lojistik Komutanlığı) (Etimesgut-Ankara)

11th Air Transportation Main Base Command(11. Hava Ulaştırma Ana Üs Komutanlığı) (Etimesgut-Ankara)

211th Squadron "Globetrotter" 2

( 11.Filo "Gezgin") - various CN-235 variants, includingELINT, EW, MedEvac and VIP
212th Special Squadron "Eagle" 2 ( 12. Özel Filo "Doğan") - A330, A319, Ce. 550/ Ce.560, Ce.650, G.IV
-SP - government and high command executive
fleet
12th Air Transportation Main Base Command(12. Hava Ulaştırma Ana Üs Komutanlığı) (Erkilet-Kayseri)

221st Squadron "Breeze" (221. Filo "Esen") - A-400M, C-160D)

222nd Squadron "Flame" (222.Filo "Alev") - C-130B/E)
1st Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command 1.
( Hava İkmal Bakım Merkezi Komutanlığı) (Eskişehir)
2nd Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command 2.( Hava İkmal Bakım Merkezi Komutanlığı) (Kayseri)
3rd Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command 3.
( Hava İkmal Bakım Merkezi Komutanlığı) (Ankara)
 Military Air Traffic Control Command (Hava Malzeme Transit Komutanlığı) (İstanbul)
Air Museum Command (Hava Kuvvetleri Müzesi) (İstanbul)

15th Missile
Wing
Alemdağ
Squadrons AFB

The above commands consist of:[10] 4th Air Wing

6th Wing Akıncı AFB 5th Air Wing
Wing Merzifon
19 Combat squadrons 9th Air Wing Bandırma AFB
11th Air
Balıkesir AFB 1st Air Wing Transport
1 Reconnaissance squadron AFB Eskişehir
Wing 8th Air Wing
AFB
6 Training squadrons 2nd Training
Training
Etimesgut 12th Air Diyarbakır
Wing Çiğli AFB Transport 7th Air Wing AFB
6 Transportation squadrons AFB Group 14th UAV
Command 3rd Training Wing Erkilt Erhaç AFB Wing
1 Tanker squadron Gaziemir Wing Konya AFB Batman
AFB AFB 10th Air AFB
8 Surface-to-air missile (SAM) squadrons Refueling
Wing İncirlik
AFB

Insignia Location of Turkish Air Force bases in Turkey

NATO Student
OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D)
code officer

No No
Turkey
equivalent equivalent
(Edit)

Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen

NATO
OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
Code

No
insignia
Turkey
(Edit) Astsubay Astsubay Astsubay
Astsubay Astsubay Astsubay Uzman Uzman
Kıdemli Kıdemli Kıdemli Çavuş Onbaşı Er
Başçavuş Üstçavuş Çavuş Çavuş Onbaşı
Başçavuş Üstçavuş Çavuş

OF3, OF2, & OR2 translate to "Head of 1000", "Head of 100", and "Head of 10" respectively
.

Future of the Turkish Air Force

On July 11, 2002 Turkey became a Level 3 partner of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) development program, and on January 25,
2007, Turkey officially joined the production phase of the JSF program, agreeing to initially purchase 116 F-35A Lightning II
aircraft.[70][71][72][73][74]

Turkey also has a nationalfifth generation fighter aircraft project named the TAI TFX.

On 28 March 2013, the Turkish Secretary of the Defence Industry of the Ministry of National Defence of Turkey Murat Bayar
[75]
announced intentions to replace the F-16 fighter with domestically produced fighters by 2023.
Concept design of theTAI TFX

Havelsan of Turkey and Boeing of the United States are in the process of developing a next generation, high-altitude ballistic missile
defence shield. It is envisaged that the system will be used by the U.S., urkey
T and other NATO member states.[76][77][78]

In June of 2018 the US Senate passed a defense spending bill that now prevents the Turkish Air Force from obtaining the F-35 stealth fighter. Tensions between the US and Turkey are
urkey in a position to become the first customer for Russia'sSu-57.[79]
to blame for the denied contract, and now may put T

See also
Turkish Stars
List of Commanders of the Turkish Air Force
List of Chiefs of the Turkish General Staff

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External links
This article incorporatespublic domain material from the CIA World Factbook document "2004 edition".
Official Turkish Armed Forces Website
Official Turkish Air Force Website
Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics

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