Literature review

Nutrition can affect Cognitive development

The nutritional conditions of the children affect their behavioral and cognitive
development because of the poverty, the children affected by this situation have to beg in the
street to eat, so their cognitive development does not grow properly due to the difficulties of
living and the lack of daily food. (Mc Gregor, Fernald, Sethuraman,2012). It only explains that
people having unfortunate living can cause less chance of fulfilling the nutrients that every child
should attain, and because of unfulfillment to supply enough nutrients to body it also leads to
having difficulties in developing its cognition process.
On this part, the lacking of proper and balance meal that contains enough nutrients can
affect the student’s motor and cognition process that may lead to having slow progress inside
the school and can also affect their way of living unlike any other students that follows proper
meal and it can also take a long time or never to re-acquire. Lack of proper and balance nutrients
can make student’s cognitive and motor development vanished. Specifically, because of lack of
iron and iodine, and this problem is impossible to change back to its previous condition.
(Morgane PJ, Mokler DJ, Galler JR, 2002).
According to Marley (2007) causal links between early nutrition and later cognitive
performance in man have been difficult to establish. Nutritional deprivation studies would clearly
be unethical, so that most investigations have been of nutritional supplementation in populations
suffering poverty and undernutrition, which may confound the relationship, making the influence
of undernutrition itself difficult to assess. It elaborates the importance of end-to-end process of
an individual when it comes to nutrition, because the early nutritional assessment of an individual
can greatly affect it’s later cognitive growth, when the nutrients are consistently supplied on it’s
early stage it can effectively cause full and timely growth to the cognitive and motor development
of an individual that can make an individual act and think properly. This relationship is very
difficult to establish and is indeed very hard to re-gain.
Cognitive development is influenced by many factors, including nutrition. There is an
increasing body of literature that suggests a connection between improved nutrition and optimal
brain function. Nutrients provide building blocks that play a critical role in cell proliferation, DNA
synthesis, neurotransmitter and hormone metabolism, and are important constituents of
enzyme systems in the brain (Bhatnagar and Taneja, 2001; Lozoff and Georgieff, 2006;
Zeisel, 2009; De Souza et al., 2011; Zimmermann, 2011). It clearly stated that nutrition can play
a big role on affecting cognitive development and it also specified it’s biological process like the
brain, DNA, cells etc. and how it works, so meaning to say even the scientists agreed about this
process and because of this there is a lot literature that is rising and other researchers that study
about this.
 When we are in our mother's womb we are beginning to develop as a human being, what
our mother ate also goes inside us but it does not end at that stage but we go out and have a
mind, everything will change physically and as well as our brain as a person. while in our
kindergarten, we are constantly developing our body, you think of things that enable our brain
to work things out and explore them but because of the insufficient nutrition level we’ve been
struggling, and yet our brain is failing to develop in time because we don't get enough nutritious
foods. When our grade school arrives, the student's brain is more likely to be affected if he or
she does not get proper nutrition, and he or she is unable to think properly, and does not enable
his or her brain to function up to his/her study. student's cognitive development depends on
what level of nutrition he or she is gaining, a child should maintain right and proper diet because
if all the nutrition is good the child will be well and be passionate about learning. But the big point
is to grow up with malnutrition even a student is more affected by it which greatly affects his
cognitive development and may lose his studies because the child’s slowly losing interest in
school and school activities because the child does not have enough food to nourish to support
its growth and especially dislikes the foods he eats and therefore does not he can think right
inside the class and will have weak knowledge in class and mainly get low marks on the student's
card. These things are especially inadequate when it comes to nutrition and the slower the
student's development the more it will negatively affect his learning and lose interest in
interacting with other people because he does not develop himself because the nutrition is
unavailable and poor. (Pearson, 2006)

Related Study
The role of nutrition in children's neurocognitive development, from pregnancy through
childhood
Front Hum Neurosci. 2013; 7: 97.
Published online 2013 Mar 26.
Anett Nyaradi,1,2,* Jianghong Li,1,3,4 Siobhan Hickling,1,2 Jonathan Foster,1,5,6,7 and Wendy
H. Oddy1

This study examines the possible occurring evidence between nutritional intake (such as
micronutrients and whole diet) and neurocognitive development in childhood. At the earlier
stage of this study it investigated the relationship between nutrition and cognitive development
and factors may occur if something happens. The evidence suggested in this research that
micronutrients may take big important role in the cognition process of children. More
generally, this study proved that malnutrition can impair cognitive development. In contrast,
there is currently inconclusive evidence regarding the association between obesity and
cognition. Since individuals consume combinations of foods, more recently researchers have
become interested in the cognitive impact of diet as a composite measure. Only a few studies
to date have investigated the associations between dietary patterns and cognitive
development. In future research, more well designed intervention trials are needed, with
special consideration given to the interactive effects of nutrients.

References:
http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/food/V201e/ch07.htm#b25-References

http://www.urbanchildinstitute.org/articles/updates/nutrition-and-early-brain-development

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f894/1fb2
602dd5a6c034a3455842772bae9d2d4d.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwiDn7Wo4LTkAhUBFogKHSneBqMQFjALegQI
BhAC&usg=AOvVaw2d4DvkKfqrCBkbZfKHwo4G

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3607807/

https://watermark.silverchair.com/53-1-
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https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00097/full