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Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS. AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of the study, results for the research questions

and recommendations emerged through the findings of the study.

Summary

Informal settlers are usually the people who are staying at the areas wherein these

people do not have housing permits coming from the government. These informal settlers

are often asked to relocate by the government due to many factors such as calamities,

industrialization, and safety precautions. This research focused on informal settlers which

are asked by the government to relocate because of industrialization. Thus, this research is

done to identify the conditions of informal settlers in various terms in accordance with their

adaptation and living in a new community.

The researchers used a phenomenological qualitative research. The method seeks

for the people’s subjective experiences and interpretations of the world. At this study,

various aspects were shown and was answered by the participants in adapting to their new

community.

This study aims to identify the conditions of informal settlers in adaptation in their

living in the new community. The questions answered are mostly on the conditions of

informal settlers and their adaptive coping strategies and each participant also suggested or

shared their thoughts regarding the action of the government with regards to relocation.
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Research Design

The researcher used qualitative type of research. This is primarily exploratory

research wherein it is used to gain the understanding and underlying reasons, opinions, and

motivations. This also provides perspectives and visions to further help and develop ideas

that will benefit the research study. The type of qualitative research that will be used is the

phenomenological. This provides descriptive accounts chosen to understanding a

phenomenon using data that might be collected in various ways such as interview,

observation, and document interview. Also, it is used to understand the experience of

another. The study involved three phases namely the conceptual, narrative, and

interpretative phase. The one-on-one interview were done last January 2019.

The selected participants of the study are informal settlers who are currently living

in a relocation site, the said participants are 5. The participants are mainly composed of

female only.

After the interview, the data gathered and collected were transcribed and translated.

The translated data underwent the process of coding wherein the data is interpreted to

identify its categories and sub categories. Also, selective coding is done to analyze the

gathered and collected data. It is clustered and tabulated to show the answers of the

participants, the code used for the categories and etc. Through the use of selective coding,

the researcher were able to identify the themes regarding the conditions of the Informal

Settlers in their new homes.

The researchers used the gathered data to answer the following research questions:

(a) What are the conditions of the informal settlers in their new homes in terms of: Safety;

Education; Income; and Employment? (b) What are the adaptive coping strategies used by
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the informal settlers in living their new home? (c) What are the thoughts of the informal

settlers to the government’s action regarding their relocation?

Results to Research Question #1.a

The result of the study for the first research question is all about the conditions of

the informal settlers in their new homes in terms of their health. Conditions includes

negative condition on physical health, financial resources, positive condition on physical

health, and insufficient provision of human needs.

When it comes to the conditions faced by the informal settlers in their new homes,

health is a key factor to determine the different conditions of a person living in the area.

Four out of five of the participants are having difficulties in their health living in their

new homes. According to LeGuen (2019), every organism has a unique ecosystem within

which it lives. This means that the basic needs of the organism to survive are met in their

ecosystem which are food, water, and shelter. Also, all organisms need to adapt to their

new habitat to be able to survive. Adapting into a new environment is a slow process. It

takes time to adapt your body and social spirit with it.

Results to Research Question #1.b

Through the one-on-one interview with the participants, the researcher gathered the

condition of the informal settlers in the relocation site. It revealed that there are positive

and negative conditions of the safety of the informal settlers in their new home.

The relocation site has safe environment in which it is unlike the riotous squatter’s

area, it is not flooding, it is peaceful, and there are set of rules and regulations that should
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be followed. Moreover, the dogs in the community help the people to secure their homes

because they serve as guards. However, some houses in the relocation site are no fully

structured and has unsafe structures. This refers that some houses have leaks, no windows,

and the tubes are weak.

Results to Research Question #1.c

Only one of the participants answered that their children is studying in the school

present in their new community. The education attained by their child is insufficient

especially when it comes to equipment in which are primarily needed in educating people.

However, the other four participants answered that their children or child are not studying

in the school present in the community.

Results to Research Question #1.d

The results of this study revealed that there are positive and negative condition of

income experienced by the informal settlers in the relocation site.

Majority of them has a sufficient income in which it is enough to sustain a daily

living. Also, other income came from other resources like the family’s income which also

implies a positive condition of income. On the other hand, some of them has a negative

condition of income because of loss of opportunities and having no plans to earn because

of personal reasons.
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Results to Research Question #1.e

Aside from income, the employment is also a condition that they face. Four out of

five participants have jobs or business. This means that they manage to attend it even

though they are transferred in a new home. Having this kind of income is a decent way to

help the family out of their needs. According to Leybag (2018), most successful family

businesses are not only well-rounder but also well-run. The author means that the flow of

the business is a must in order for it to success. Similarly, according to Doyle (2018),

depending on the company, there are benefits that may include health insurance, dental

insurance, vision care, life insurance, paid vacation leave, personal leave, sick leave, child

care, fitness, a retirement plan, and other optional benefits offered to employees and their

families. It means that having a job for your family is a comfortable way of living since the

income is there and there are benefits to gain from it. Benefiting the family is one of the

goal of having a successful family relationship.

Results to Research Question #2

The answers of the participants varied in their responses with their adaptive coping

strategy regarding their living in the new community. One of the participant told that

through perseverance, one can adapt and surpass problems. The other participant told that

because of faith, one can surpass problems or conflicts that they encountered. While the

other participant stated that through spending less and getting help from others can help

them to surpass the problems that they encounter within their new community. On the other

side, two of the participants are not experiencing any problems or conflicts within their

new community. Thus, these participants have no adaptive coping strategy at all.
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Results to Research Question #3

Through the one-on-one interview with the participants, the researchers found their

thoughts to the government’s action regarding their relocation.

Participants suggested to eradicate poverty through really helping the poor instead

of the rich people and to lessen the additional expenses like they should not increase the

taxes. Another suggestion is to improve the houses’ structure in the relocation site because

there are still unfinished fixtures and structures. Then, improving the number of houses for

the poor is the other suggestion. They suggested that the government should give houses

to the people who do not have one, or have one but is unauthorized. And the last suggestion

is to spend the money of the community in a wise and good way. There should be proper

allocation of budget for a good distribution of funding to solve a certain problem by the

community, specifically, giving houses to the poor.

Conclusions and Implications

After gathering and analyzing the data, the results of this study were discussed. In

regards with this, below are the following conclusions drawn by the researchers:

 The health condition of the informal settlers in the relocation site may be in a

positive or negative condition since it depends on their bodies to cope with the

climate in the community. However, if they experience negative physical health

condition, there will be insufficient provision of human needs for medication in

the community since relocation sites are quite far from cities.
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 The informal settlers in their new homes are safe if the relocation site is located in

the free-flood places, peaceful, and rules and regulations are properly set.

However, there are still risks for the people because some structures or houses are

still unsafe due to unfinished construction.

 The education that can be attained in the relocation sites are not that quite good

since learning facilities for the students lacks equipment which are primarily

needed to educate the people.

 The informal settlers in their new homes have sufficient incomes inside the

community while others depend on the support of their families.

 Many of the informal settlers in the relocation sites are self-employed in which

they establish business near their house and manage it properly. The business will

be their source of income to earn a living.

 Some people in the relocation site do not experience problems in their living but

some do. Those who struggles living in the relocation site keeps faith, perseveres,

and spending less so that they may surpass the problems they encounter.

 The informal settlers who are currently residing in the relocation sites wanted to

help the poor people who do not have authorized houses therefore they suggested

to the government that there should be improvement to the construction of the

houses, improvement in the number of houses to be built for the poor people, and

they should spend the money of the community, given by its people, in a good way

like allocating budget to support more housing projects for the informal settlers.
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Recommendations

For the future improvement of this study as well as its beneficiaries, this research

may recommend the following:

Students

Students could get information from this study regarding the conditions of informal

settlers in relocation site together with their insights. This research might help them in

determining the struggles particularly in a relocation site.

Informal Settlers

Informal settlers can further understand their conditions and for them to be aware

of what is happening and what kind of life they are facing in their surroundings.

Engineers

This can provide engineers especially civil engineers in providing prior knowledge

about the physical appearance of relocation sites. They are encourage to build much

renovated relocation site since present relocation sites aren’t working well.

Government

The government will understand the conditions of informal settlers and what is

lacking in the relocation site. Also, to provide the basic human needs of the residence who

are in need of their attention. They are encourage to acquire sufficient land in municipalities

that will benefit people especially the poor. Furthermore, they are also fortified to create

multiple economic activities that will benefit people.

Future Researchers

Based on the data gathered and the conclusion of this study, the following topics

and areas for additional research are recommended:

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Additional research is needed in order to determine the reasons why civil engineers

failed to build well-done relocation site. Further research is also needed to know why

government give insufficient supply of human needs considering they are informal settlers

and living in a relocation site. Moreover, the researchers encourage them to fill in the gap

of this study or research for the betterment of the study.