Exam 4 Reference Sheet

Equations
ΔG°’ = -nFΔE°’ ΔG = ΔG°’ + RT ln(Q)
pKa = ‒log [Ka] ΔG°’ = ‒RT ln(Keq)
[A−] 𝑉max [S]
pH = pKa + log [HA] v0 =
𝐾m + [S]

Constants
P/O ratio for NADH = 2.5 R = 8.315x10-3 kJ/mol*K
P/O ratio for FADH2 = 1.5 temperature under standard conditions = 298 K

F = 96.485 kJ/V*mol temperature under cellular conditions = 310 K

Amino Acids
This table provides the one letter abbreviations, the three letter abbreviations, and the pKas of the R
group for relevant amino acids. You should know the ~pKa of the amino group and carboxyl group.
pKa R-group
Alanine, Ala, A
Arginine, Arg, R 12.48
Asparagine, Asn, N
Aspartic Acid, Asp, D 3.86
Cysteine, Cys, C 8.33
Glutamic Acid, Glu, E 4.25
Glutamine, Gln, Q
Glycine, Gly, G
Histidine, His, H 6
Isoleucine, Ile, I
Leucine, Leu, L
Lysine, Lys, K 10.53
Methionine, Met, M
Phenylalanine, Phe, F
Proline, Pro, P
Serine, Ser, S
Threonine, Thr, T
Tryptophan, Trp, W
Tyrosine, Tyr, Y 10.07
Valine, Val , V

1
 Phosphoryl group transfer potential table
Hydrolysis reaction G’ (kJ/mol)
Phosphoenolpyruvate  pyruvate + Pi -61.9
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate  3-phosphoglycerate + Pi -49.3
ATP  AMP + PPi -45.6
Phosphocreatine  creatine + Pi -43.0
ATP  ADP + Pi -30.5
Glucose-1-phosphate  glucose + Pi -20.9
AMP  adenosine + Pi -14
Glucose-6-phosphate  glucose + Pi -13.8
Glycerol-1-phosphate  glycerol + Pi -9.2