Activity #1: THE MOVES

Objective
1. Classify plate boundaries according to their movements;
2. Compare the three types of boundaries.

Materials
Manila paper Envelope
Pictures scotch tape or glue

Procedure

1. From the given pictures of plate boundaries examine the movement of each and
classify where they belong as convergent, divergent, and transform.

Convergent

Divergent

Transform

Analysis
Q1. Based on the movement as shown in the pictures, how did you classify the plates as
convergent, divergent, and transform?
Q2. How would you describe the movements of the following:
a. Convergent?
b. Divergent?
c. Transform?
Q3. Show the similarities and differences of the the types of plate boundaries using a venn
diagram.
Activity # 2

Locate and identify the convergent, divergent and transform boundaries in the world using a map.
Convergent Divergent Transform
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
Activity # 3
Activity 5: READ ME

Objective
1. Give specific examples of the three types of plate boundaries
Materials
articles/reading materials
Procedure

1. Read the article/reading material carefully among and take note of the important events and
facts.
1. GROUP I
BOXING DAY TSUNAMI: THE FACTS ABOUT THE 2004 INDIAN OCEAN DISASTER

It has been 10 years since the Indian Ocean tsunami and earthquake devastated parts
of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand.

The disaster was the world's deadliest tsunami, with over 230,000 people killed and half
a million injured by the waves that battered the low-lying coast. The exact death toll is unknown.
It was 7:58 a.m., December 26, 2004 when the tremendous quake struck beneath the Indian
Ocean 160 miles west of Sumatra. Not only did it register at approximately a 9.3 magnitude (only
the 1960 Chile earthquake measured higher at 9.5, though there may have been stronger
tremors prior to the invention of seismographic equipment) and last nearly 10 minutes, the quake
moved a full 750 miles of underwater fault line earth up to 40 feet. The movement of the earth–
there is evidence that huge boulders weighing thousands of tons were pushed several miles
along the ocean floor–caused a massive displacement of water. It is estimated that the resulting
tsunami had an energy of 23,000 Hiroshima-type atomic bombs used during World War II.

The violent movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates displaced an enormous amount of
water, sending powerful shock waves in every direction. It was the result of the Indio-Australian
Plate subducting below the Eurasian Plate. The tectonic plates in this area had been pushing
against each other and building pressure for thousands of years. They continue to do so and will
likely cause underwater earthquakes and tsunamis in the future. The rupture was more than 600
miles long, displacing the seafloor by 10 yards horizontally and several yards vertically. As a
result, trillions of tons of rock moved, causing the largest magnitude earthquake in 40 years.

Analysis

Q1. Illustrate how the involved tectonic plates move in a white cartolina. Label the plates
involved and classify the plate boundary.
Q2. Name the possible threats posed by the movement of tectonic plates based on the
articles/reading materials and identify possible survival techniques
GROUP II

How the Marianas Trench Became Earth's

Deepest Point by Richard A. Lovett, for National
Geographic News
James Cameron made headlines last month by successfully diving 6.8 miles (11 kilometers)
to the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in a one-person submersible called the DEEPSEA
CHALLENGER.
Best known as a Hollywood director and now a National Geographic Society explorer-in-
residence, Cameron is one of just three people to dive to Earth's deepest point, and the only one
to be able to stay long enough to look around.
The Mariana Trench isn't really the deep, narrow furrow that the word "trench" implies. Rather,
the abyss marks the location of a subduction zone. It occurs where one part of the seabed—in
this case the Pacific plate—dives beneath another, the Philippine plate. Though tectonic forces
eventually warp the Pacific plate so that it makes a near-vertical dive into the Earth's interior, at
seabed level the plate dips at a relatively gentle angle.
A tectonic plate is a huge hunk of rock, 60 miles (97 kilometers) or thicker, said Robert Stern,
a geophysicist at the University of Texas, Dallas. "In order for this to sink back into the earth, it
has to bend downward, and these are very gentle bends."
One reason the Mariana Trench is so deep, he added, is because the western Pacific is home
to some of the oldest seafloor in the world—about 180 million years old.
Seafloor is formed as lava at mid-ocean ridges. When it's fresh, lava is comparatively warm
and buoyant, riding high on the underlying mantle. But as lava ages and spreads away from its
source, it slowly cools and becomes increasingly dense, causing it to settle ever lower—as is
the case with the Mariana Trench.

Analysis

Q1. Illustrate how the involved tectonic plates move in a white cartolina. Label the plates
involved and classify the plate boundary.
Q2. Name the possible threats posed by the movement of tectonic plates based on the
articles/reading materials and identify possible survival techniques
GROUP III

THE 2011 JAPAN TSUNAMI WAS CAUSED BY LARGEST FAULT

SLIP EVER RECORDED Shifting plates and rising water
The sudden movement of the Pacific tectonic plate under the North American plate caused a
massive earthquake and a tsunami. The effects of the great earthquake were felt around the
world, from Norway's fjords to Antarctica's ice sheet. Tsunami debris continues to wash up on
North American beaches two years later.
The Tohoku earthquake fault is a complex mosaic, with patches that stick and patches that
slide smoothly. Though the entire fault ruptured, or broke apart, during the earthquake, some
parts moved in different ways. The deeper part of the fault shifted quickly, while the shallow part,
very near the surface, slid slowly.
The Japan Trench is the result of the Pacific Ocean plate pressing down under the continental
plate carrying the islands of Japan. The downward movement is called subduction.
The effects of the great earthquake were felt around the world, from Norway's fjords to
Antarctica's ice sheet. Tsunami debris continues to wash up on North American beaches two
years later. In Japan, residents are still recovering from the disaster. Radioactive water was
recently discovered leaking from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, which suffered a
level 7 nuclear meltdown after the tsunami. Japan relies on nuclear power, and many of the
country's nuclear reactors remain closed because of stricter seismic safety standards since the
earthquake. Four years after the quake, about 230,000 people who lost their homes were still
living in temporary housing, Japan's Reconstruction Agency said.
In Japan, residents are still recovering from the disaster. Radioactive water was recently
discovered leaking from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, which suffered a level 7
nuclear meltdown after the tsunami. Japan relies on nuclear power, and many of the country's
nuclear reactors remain closed because of stricter seismic safety standards since the
earthquake. Four years after the quake, about 230,000 people who lost their homes were still
living in temporary housing, Japan's Reconstruction Agency said. The total damages from the
earthquake and tsunami are estimated at $300 billion dollars (about 25 trillion yen), according
to the Japanese government.
The unexpected disaster was neither the largest nor the deadliest earthquake and tsunami to
strike this century. That record goes to the 2004 Banda Aceh earthquake and tsunami in
Sumatra, a magnitude-9.1, which killed more than 230,000 people. But Japan's one-two punch
proved especially devastating for the earthquake-savvy country, because few scientists had
predicted the country would experience such a large earthquake and tsunami.
The tsunami caused a cooling system failure at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant,
which resulted in a level-7 nuclear meltdown and release of radioactive materials. The electrical
power and backup generators were overwhelmed by the tsunami, and the plant lost its cooling
capabilities. In July 2013, TEPCO, the Tokyo Electric Power Company, admitted that about 300
tons of radioactive water continues to leak from the plant every day into the Pacific Ocean.

Analysis

Q1. Illustrate how the involved tectonic plates move in a white cartolina. Label the plates
involved and classify the plate boundary.
Q2. Name the possible threats posed by the movement of tectonic plates based on the
articles/reading materials and identify possible survival techniques
GROUP IV
WHAT IS HAPPENING AT SURIGAO DEL NORTE?
At 10:03 PM on 10 February 2017, Friday, a strong earthquake of magnitude 6.7 shook the
island of Mindanao. The epicenter is located 16 km offshore northwest of Surigao City, Surigao
Strait at a depth of 10 km. The earthquake was generated by the movement of Surigao segment
of the Philippine Fault. Small-magnitude earthquakes followed afterwards, and as of 4:00 PM of
11 February 2017, 101 aftershocks have been recorded by the PHIVOLCS seismic monitoring
network.
Why do earthquakes occur in Surigao del Norte?
Eastern Mindanao, including Surigao del Norte, is one of the seismically active areas in the
country because of the Philippine Fault and Philippine Trench, which are the main earthquake
generators that can affect the area. In addition, there are other local faults which can be sources
of small- to large-magnitude earthquakes.
The Philippine Trench is the zone where the Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) subducts beneath the
Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB) between offshore Bicol Peninsula and southeast Mindanao.
Convergence between the PSP and the PMB occurs at the rate of 8 cm/year.
Aside from strong ground shaking, what other seismic hazards are life-threatening?

Landslides, rock falls, and other types of mass movements may occur in mountainous or hilly
areas. Liquefaction, manifested by sand boils or lateral spread may affect low-lying, water-
logged, sandy areas at the banks of rivers. Tsunami is not expected from the kind of movement
of the Philippine Fault - Surigao segment. The tsunami threat for Surigao del Norte would come
from the movement of the Philippine Trench, located east of the province.
What should be done by the affected communities?

People are reminded to be cautious of structures visibly weakened or with signs of damage
by the 10 February 2017, as these may be further damaged by aftershocks. In case of houses
and other buildings with visible damage, it is best to contact the Municipal/City Engineering Office
for advice. Engineers from the local government, other agencies and organizations should
inspect buildings and other infrastructures to determine their integrity, and recommend
appropriate actions to concerned affected groups or individuals. Slopes should be checked for
tension cracks that may have resulted from the strong ground shaking. Tension cracks may
make slopes more susceptible to landslides. These areas should be avoided.
The best course of action is preparedness. In case of another felt earthquake, it is
recommended that people protect themselves by doing the “duck, cover and hold”. In homes
and offices, heavy furniture should be strapped to the walls, and appliances be secured to
prevent them from toppling and causing injuries to persons.
What is the role of PHIVOLCS?
PHIVOLCS operates and maintains a network of 92 seismic stations spread across the
Philippines. Data from the seismic stations are used to determine the location, magnitude and
other characteristics of the earthquakes generated.

Analysis

Q1. Illustrate how the involved tectonic plates move in a white cartolina. Label the plates
involved and classify the plate boundary.
Q2. Name the possible threats posed by the movement of tectonic plates based on the
articles/reading materials and identify possible survival techniques
After 15 minutes, each group will assign one representative to explain the event assigned to them. All visual
aids will be posted on the board. Give each presenter 5-6 minutes to discuss their work.

One article will be given to each group. Give the students 15 minutes to analyze the reading material and make
a visual representation of the described event. In a white cartolina, show how the tectonic plates move using
symbols like arrows, name the tectonic plates then identify the type of plate boundary involved. Make sure that
the illustration is readable and properly labelled. Read the rubric for the activity so that the students will know
how they will be graded.

1. It was the result of the Indio-Australian Plate subducting below the Eurasian Plate.
(CONVERGENT BOUNDARY)

2. The San Andreas Fault is on the boundary between the Pacific plate and the North American plate. During
the earthquake, the ground west of the fault tended to move northward and, in the most extreme instance,
a 21-foot shift was measured. (STRIKE-SLIP BOUNDARY)

http://academic.emporia.edu/aberjame/student/nester1/graphics/fig1_03.jpg

3. It occurs where one part of the seabed—in this case the Pacific plate—dives beneath another, the
Philippine plate. (CONVERGENT BOUNDARY)
 https://media1.britannica.com/eb-media/82/160282-004-0B41D21B.jpg

4. The sudden movement of the Pacific tectonic plate under the North American plate
caused a massive earthquake and a tsunami. (CONVERGENT BOUNDARY)

http://www.earthobservatory.sg/files/project/images/Tohoku3-japan-oblique3.jpg

5. The Philippine Trench is the zone where the Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) subducts
beneath the Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB) between offshore Bicol Peninsula and
southeast Mindanao. Convergence between the PSP and the PMB occurs at the rate of 8
cm/year. (CONVERGENT BOUNDARY)

THREATS POSED BY THE MOVEMENT OF TECTONIC PLATES

• Earthquakes
• Tsunami
• Loss of lives
RUBRIC

Criteria 4 3 2 1

Inadequate
Information adequately Information is mostly Information does not
information is not
CONTENT supports purpose of adequate and supportive support the visual’s
clearly supportive of
visual of visual’s purpose purpose
visual’s purpose

Main idea is clearly Main idea is appropriate Main idea not clearly
FOCUS No main idea
appropriate to topic to topic stated

At least 90% of the items 79-70% of the items Less than 70% of the
80-89% of the items are
are labelled and located are Labelled and items are labelled
labelled and located
LABELS-ACCURACY correctly that can be located correctly that and located correctly
correctly that can be read
read from at least 3 ft. can be read from at and too small to
from at least 3 ft. away.
away. least 3 ft. away view.

Includes all required 1 required elements Several required

REQUIRED All required elements are
elements as well as are included on the elements were
ELEMENTS included on the poster.
additional information poster. missing.

KNOWLEDGE Show a full Shows a good Shows a good Does not seem to
understanding of the understanding of the understanding of understand the topic
GAINED topic. topic. parts of the topic. very well.

Speaks clearly and Speaks clearly and Often mumbles or

Speaks clearly and
distinctly all (100-95%) distinctly most (94- cannot be
distinctly all (100-95%)
SPEAKS CLEARLY the time, and 85%) of the time. understood OR
the time, but
mispronounces no Mispronounces no mispronounces more
mispronounces one word.
words. more than one word. than one word.

Presentation is less
Presentation is 5-4 Presentation is 3 minutes Presentation is 2
TIME-LIMIT than 2 minutes OR
minutes long. long. minutes long.
more than 5 minutes.

GROUP NO. ___________________ TOTAL:

TEACHER’S SIGNATURE:
________________

SCORE: _________________________