LSU

EE 3410: Electric Power

Lecture 4

Amin Kargarian

January 16, 2019

Electrical & Computer Engineering Department 1

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Brief Overview of the Previous Lecture

• Introduction to Power Systems
– Power System Structure and Operation
o DC systems
o AC systems
 Components of AC Power Systems

Any questions?

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Today‘s Lecture

• Introduction to Power Systems

– Power System Structure and Operation
o AC systems
o Components of AC Power Systems

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Learning Objectives

• After this lecture, you should

– have the basic knowledge of components of AC power systems
o power plant components
o transformers
o transmission & distribution lines
o …

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Power Plant Components

• Steam turbine power plants

https://melab.wikischolars.columbia.edu/Steam+Turbine+Power+Plant

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Components of AC Power Systems

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0mjT8ETB128

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Power Plant Components

• Dam and hydroelectric power plant

https://etrical.wordpress.com/power-generation/

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Components of AC Power Systems

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hooifWJ1jY

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 Wind turbine
• A horizontal-axis wind turbine is made of the following subsystems:
1.Blades
2.Rotor
3.Pitch
4.Brake
5.Low-speed shaft
6.Gear box
7.Generator
8.Controller
9.Anemometer
10.Wind vane
11.Nacelle
12.High-speed shaft
13.Yaw drive
14.Yaw motor
15.Tower

https://sites.lafayette.edu/egrs352-sp14-wind/technology/ 9
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Power Plant Components

• Wind power generation

http://electrogenerate4.wikispaces.com/Wind+Power

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Components of AC Power Systems

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Kx3qj_oRCc

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Power System Components

• Transformer
− The main function of the transformer is to increase (step-up) or
decrease (step-down) the voltage.
− Voltage is increased at the generation site by using step up transformers
before it is sent to far places.
− Since input power to and output power from the transformer are equal,
current in the transformer output is reduced and can be sent through
transmission lines with low voltage drop

Pin=VinIin ; Pout=VoutIout . Thus, Pin=Pout yields VinIin =VoutIout

− Voltage is decreased to a safe level (110-240V) for household using

step-down transformers.
− The ratio Vout/Vin is called voltage ratio (turns ratio) .
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Power System Components

• Transformers

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Components of AC Power Systems

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YQQ-mgjCpn8

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Classroom Activity 1

• A single-phase generator provides 1MVA of power at 1000V.

a) Find the generator current.

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Classroom Activity 1

• A single-phase generator provides 1MVA of power at 1000V.

a) Find the generator current.

solution:
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉
𝑆𝑆
𝐼𝐼 =
𝑉𝑉
1𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝐼𝐼 = = 1𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾 = 1000𝐴𝐴
1𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾

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Classroom Activity 2

• In the previous problem if the transmission line current is

restricted to 100A,
b) Find the transformer voltage ratio.
c) What type of transformer is required (step-down/step-up?)

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Classroom Activity 2

• In the previous problem if the transmission line current is

restricted to 100A,
b) Find the transformer voltage ratio.
c) What type of transformer is required (step-down/step-up?)

solution:
b)
𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐼𝐼𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐼𝐼𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐼𝐼𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 → =
𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐼𝐼𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 1000𝐴𝐴
= = 10
𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 100𝐴𝐴
c)
Step-up

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