The major diseases are mango malformation, anthracnose, bacterial leaf spot, scab, fruit rot,

sooty-mold black mildew, collar rot, brown felt, thread blight, pink disease, shoestring root, leaf
spots, blight, powdery mildew, and red rust. Market diseases of mango are caused by a
number of pathogens.

anthracnose,
Generally found in the eastern part of the United States,
anthracnose is caused by fungi in the
genus Colletotrichum, a common group of plant
pathogens that are responsible for diseases on many
plant species. Infected plants develop dark, water
soaked lesions on stems, leaves or fruit. The centers of
these lesions often become covered with pink,
gelatinous masses of spores especially during moist,
warm weather. Anthracnose can reduce a beautiful
harvest into rotted waste in just a few days.
The fungal disease overwinters in and on seeds, soil
and garden debris. Cool wet weather promotes its
development, and the optimum temperature for
continued growth of the spores is between 75-85˚F.
Moisture is required for development and germination of
the fungus as well as for infection of the plant. It is
spread by wind, rain, insects and garden tools.

Treatment
1. Choose resistant plant varieties when possible and use western grown seeds which
have not been exposed to the disease.
2. If this fungal problem is common, do NOT save your own seed from plantings.
3. To avoid spreading the disease, keep out of gardens when plants are wet and make
sure to disinfect all garden tools (one part bleach to 4 parts water) after use.
4. Do not compost infected leaves, fruit or stems and thoroughly clean up garden areas in
the fall, after harvest, to reduce over wintering sites for the fungal spores.
5. Safely treat most fungal and bacterial diseases with SERENADE Garden. This broad
spectrum bio-fungicide uses a patented strain of Bacillus subtilis that is registered for
organic use. Best of all, SERENADE is completely non-toxic to honey bees and
beneficial insects.
6. Liquid copper sprays and sulfur powders should be applied weekly, starting when
foliage begins to develop in the early spring and continuing throughout the growing
season. Spray early in the day, and avoid applications during hot weather. Seeds may
also be treated prior to planting.
7. Neem oil spray is an organic, multi-purpose fungicide/insecticide/miticide that kills
eggs, larvae and adult stages of insects as well as prevents fungal attack on plants.
Apply early, at the first sign of spring budding, every 7-14 days as a preventative
measure or on a 7-day schedule until existing problems are eliminated.
Anthracnose is one of the most serious diseases of mangoes in many areas where the crop is
grown. The most devastating effects of anthracnose occur in areas where it rains during the mango
flowering and fruit set stages. Although it appears to be less of a problem in the NT because flowering
and fruit set occur during the dry season, anthracnose can cause problems here under certain
conditions. Mango anthracnose is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides var minor (also
known by the name of its perfect stage Glomerella cingulata var minor). Spore production by this fungus
is favoured by wet or humid weather. The dispersal of these spores is particularly favoured by rain and
wind. This enables spread of the disease over relatively short distances. In areas where rain is prevalent
during flowering and fruit set, anthracnose can cause destruction of the inflorescences and infection and
drop of young fruit. This can obviously lead to serious losses. Under NT conditions anthracnose tends to
manifest itself later in the season. It can occur either as leaf spots or as fruit anthracnose. Occasionally
anthracnose lesions are seen in young green fruit, more commonly in larger green fruit but most
commonly in ripening fruit. The anthracnose fungus has the ability to produce what are known as latent
infections. This means that the fungus has the ability to penetrate green fruit where it may go into a
dormant state until the fruit ripens. Then the anthracnose fungus can be re-activated in response to
physiological changes associated with ripening, resulting in the development of lesions with subsequent
spoilage of the fruit. SYMPTOMS On leaves, spots form commonly towards the margins. They are tan to
dark brown in colour, often with a darker border. Infection of young leaf flushes may occur when their
emergence coincides with rainy weather. These infections often show up as lesions along the margins of
the young bronze or pale green leaves, in which case they are semi-circular in shape. In very humid
weather new twigs may show a dark affected area from the tip backwards, sometimes with defoliation
of the young shoots.
Scientific Name
Glomerella cingulata (it also has the name of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides).
Glomerella is the sexual stage of the fungus, and Colletotrichum the asexual stage. The
disease is often referred to as "anthracnose" of mango.

Baterial leaf spot of mango

1. 1. Presentation No 1. •Topic: • Bacterial leaf Spot
of Mango. •Course Tittle: • Plant Prokaryotes. •
Presented by Muhammad Ismail. • Presented to
Mr.Niamatullah.
2. 2. Disease name: Bacterial Leaf Spot of Mango.
Causal Organism: Erwinia mangiferae.
3. 3. Symptoms: • This disease appears on mango
leaves after the monsoon rains in September
producing water soaked spots, which later on turn
dark brown and blackish in colour and are bounded by veins and veinlets of the leaf. • With
aging bacterial exudate starts depositing on the necrotic portions, which become some what
raised hard and corky surrounded by clear haloes. • Petioles are also sometimes infected
developing longitudinal cracks.
4. 4. Pathogen: • This disease was recorded for the first time in 1961 in sindh. • The result have
been shown that the pathogen (a bacterium) is a wound parasite having optimum growth
temperature of 35C with thermal death point at 55C (which is 5 lower than that reported by
Elliot). • The bacterium is gram negative.It is mostly single celled and rarely 2-3 celled
occurring in chains.It is non sporing, non capsulated and motile with peritrichous flagella.
5. 5. Peritrichous Flagella
6. 6. Control: • All efforts should be made to minimize chances of injuries. • Destruction of
diseased plant debris. • Spray with Bordeaux mixture. • Spray with any other copper based
fungicides. • Spray with streptomycin or other antibiotics.
7. 7. Streptomycin
 8. 8. Copper based fungicides

scab

Title -Symptoms on leaves

Caption- Young bronze leaves showing small spots with halos and
distortion of margin.

Title
Symptoms on leaves
Caption

Two old leaves showing dark elongated lesions on the midrib and splitting
from marginal lesion.