Design Of A Li-Ion Battery Charger With CC-CV-CT

Regualtion Loop
Jie Li
Department of Electrical and Information Engineering
Wuhan Polytechnic University
Wuhan, China
lj14163@yahoo.com.cn

Abstract—This article presents a current regulation circuit using

in a Li-Ion battery charger. The circuit performs constant
current, constant voltage, constant temperature charge current
regulation. Theoretical analysis of the regulation loops for three
operation modes is disscussed and circuit simulation results are
presented.

Keywords-constant current; constant voltage; constant

temperature; Li-Ion battery charger

I.
䫖⾏ᄤ⬉∴‫݋‬᳝䕗催ⱘ㛑䞣䞡䞣↨ˈ᮴䆄ᖚᬜᑨˈৃ
䞡໡‫⬉ܙ‬໮⃵ˈՓ⫼ᇓੑ䕗䭓ˈӋḐ䕗ԢㄝӬ⚍DŽ಴ℸˈ
೼֓ᨎᓣѻક৥᳈ᇣ᳈䕏ⱘᮍ৥থሩⱘҞ໽ˈ䗝⫼ऩ㡖䫖
⾏ᄤ⬉∴կ⬉Ꮖ៤Ўѻક䆒䅵㗙ⱘ᱂䘡䗝ᢽDŽ
䫖⬉∴ϔ㠀䞛⫼ᘦ⌕˄CC˅੠ᘦय़˄CV˅‫⬉ܙ‬ᮍᓣ
[1-2]ˈབ೒ 1 ᠔⼎ˈᘦ⌕‫ࣙ⬉ܙ‬ᣀ乘‫⬉ܙ‬੠ᘦ⌕‫⬉ܙ‬DŽ乘
‫⬉ܙ‬ᰃᣛᔧ⬉∴⬉य़ԢѢ㢃⠛䆒ᅮⱘ乘‫⬉ܙ‬䯜ؐᯊ˄2.9V
Ꮊে˅ˈ‫఼⬉ܙ‬ᇍ⬉∴䖯㸠⍧⌕‫ˈ⬉ܙ‬⍧⌕‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬ϔ㠀
Ў 1/10CDŽᔧ⬉∴⬉य़Ϟछࠄ乘‫⬉ܙ‬䯜ؐҹϞৢˈ‫఼⬉ܙ‬
ᇍ⬉∴䖯㸠ᘦ⌕‫ˈ⬉ܙ‬ᘦ⌕‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬Ў 1CDŽᔧ⬉∴⬉य़
᥹䖥⍂‫⬉ܙ‬य़䮼䰤˄4.2V Ꮊে˅ˈ‫఼⬉ܙ‬䗤⏤䕀বЎᘦय़
῵ᓣ‫⬉ܙ‬DŽℸ῵ᓣϟ‫ᦤ఼⬉ܙ‬կϔϾㄝѢ 4.2V ⱘᘦᅮ⬉
य़ᇍ⬉∴䖯㸠‫⌕⬉⬉ܙˈ⬉ܙ‬䗤⏤‫ޣ‬ᇣˈᔧ⬉⌕‫ޣ‬ᇣࠄ݇
I 䏃˖M1ˈMAˈM3DŽ䗮䖛䇗ᭈ⬉䰏 Rprog ৃҹᬍব‫⬉ܙ‬
ᮁ⬉⌕ End ᯊˈ䗮䖛䘏䕥᥻ࠊ݇䯁‫఼⬉ܙ‬DŽ
ᔧ‫఼⬉ܙ‬Ꮉ԰೼໻ࡳ⥛ᴵӊϟᯊˈࡳ⥛ㅵ䕗໻ⱘ㗫ᬷ
ࡳ⥛ӮՓ㢃⠛⏽ᑺछ催DŽӴ㒳ⱘ䖛⏽ֱᡸ⬉䏃䗮ᐌ䞛⫼ᏺ
ℷড作ⱘ↨䕗఼㒧ᵘˈ೼䖛⛁ⱘᚙ‫މ‬ϟⳈ᥹݇ᮁࡳ⥛ㅵˈ
䖭⾡ᮍᓣⱘ㔎⚍ᰃ㢃⠛ᆍᯧ䱋ܹ䖛⛁ⱘ⅏ᕾ⦃Ёˈ‫⬉ܙ‬䗳
⥛㓧᜶DŽᴀ⬉䏃䞛⫼೼㢃⠛䖛⛁ⱘᚙ‫މ‬ϟ‫ޣ‬ᇣ‫ˈ⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬
ᅲ⦄њ೼ֱ䆕㢃⠛᮴䖛⛁ᚙ‫މ‬ϟᅲ⦄‫⬉ܙ‬䗳⥛ⱘ᳔໻࣪DŽ
Ң㗠ᅲ⦄њᘦ⌕ᘦय़ᘦ⏽˄CC-CV-CT˅ⱘ‫⬉ܙ‬ᮍᓣDŽ
ᓩ㿔
೒ 1 CC-CV ‫⬉ܙ‬ᮍᓣϟⱘ˄a˅⬉य़ ˄b˅⬉⌕᳆㒓
II. ⬉䏃ߚᵤ
ᴀ᭛䆒䅵ⱘᘦ⌕ᘦय़ᘦ⏽⬉䏃བ೒ 2 ᠔⼎ˈᅗЏ㽕ࣙ
ᣀ ಯ Ͼ ᬒ ໻ ఼ ˖ TA ˄ ⏽ ᑺ ᬒ ໻ ఼ ˅ ˈ CA ˄ ⬉ ⌕ ᬒ ໻
఼˅ˈVA˄⬉य़ᬒ໻఼˅ˈMA˄ऍ䜡ᬒ໻఼˅DŽϸϾЏ
᥻ࠊ⦃˖݊Ё TAˈCAˈM5ˈM1ˈM3 ᵘ៤⬉⌕᥻ࠊ⦃
˄ㅔ⿄ CA ⦃˅ˈ㗠 VAˈM4ˈM2ˈR1 ੠ R2 ᵘ៤⬉य़
᥻ࠊ⦃˄ㅔ⿄ VA ⦃˅DŽࡳ⥛ㅵ M2ˈ‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬Ẕ⌟⬉
⬉⌕DŽ
Vbat ッ᥹‫ˈ∴⬉⬉ܙ‬M2 ᰃ㒭⬉∴ᦤկ‫ࡳⱘ⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬
⥛ㅵˈM1 ⫼ѢẔ⌟ M2 ⱘ‫ˈ⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬ᅗⱘᆑ䭓↨ᰃ M2
ⱘ 1/1000DŽ೒ 2 Ёऍ䜡ᬒ໻఼ MA ⱘ԰⫼ᰃֱ䆕 M1 ੠
M2 ⱘⓣᵕ⬉य़ⳌㄝˈҢ㗠ֱ䆕⬉⌕ⱘ㊒⹂໡ࠊDŽ

978-1-4244-8039-5/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE


೒ 2 TAǃVAǃCA ᵘ៤ⱘ⬉⌕᥻ࠊ⬉䏃
A. ᘦ⌕‫⬉ܙ‬῵ᓣ
TA Ϣ CA 䞛⫼І㘨ᮍᓣ䖲᥹ˈ೼ℷᐌ⏽ᑺϟϨ Vbat
⬉य़䕗ԢᯊˈTA 䕧ߎ⬉य़Ў 0ˈVA 䕧ߎ催⬉ᑇˈM4 ៾
㟇ˈG ⚍⬉य़ᅠܼ⬅ᬒ໻఼ CA ‫އ‬ᅮDŽℸᯊ᳝
Vb
Vb=Vprog Ÿ Iprog=
Rprog
᠔ҹ M2 ᇚ㒭⬉∴ᦤկ໻ᇣЎ 1000
⬉⬉⌕ˈ䗮䖛Ẕ⌟⬉∴⬉य़ᴹ䗝ᢽ Vb ⱘؐ˄ᴀ⬉䏃Ё䆒
䅵Ў 0.1V ੠ 1V˅ˈҢ㗠䗝ᢽ⍧⌕៪ᘦ⌕‫⬉ܙ‬DŽ
B. ᘦय़‫⬉ܙ‬῵ᓣ
䱣ⴔ⬉∴⬉य़䗤⏤Ϟछˈᔧ VA ⱘ䋳䕧ܹッ⬉य़᥹䖥
Vref ᯊˈVA ᇣֵো๲Ⲟ䗤⏤๲໻DŽℸᯊ VAˈM4ˈM2ˈ
R1ˈR2 ᵘ៤ϔϾ LDO 〇य़఼㒧ᵘˈ䕧ߎ⬉य़
Vbat= (1 +
Vbat ッҹᘦᅮⱘ⬉य़ 4.2V ৥⬉∴‫⌕⬉⬉ܙˈ⬉ܙ‬䗤⏤
‫ޣ‬ᇣˈᔧ⬉⌕‫ޣ‬ᇣࠄ I End ᯊˈ䘏䕥᥻ࠊ⬉䏃㞾ࡼᇚ‫఼⬉ܙ‬
݇䯁DŽ
೒ 3 ‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬䱣⏽ᑺⱘব࣪᳆㒓
‫ޣⱘ⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬ᇣ䞣ৃҹ䗮䖛㢃⠛‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘࡳ⥛ᤳ㗫ᴹ䅵
ㅫˈ⬅Ѣࡳ⥛㒱໻䚼ߚᤳ㗫೼ࡳ⥛ㅵϞˈ಴ℸˈ㗫ᬷࡳ⥛
PD ৃ⬅ϟᓣ䖥Ԑ∖ߎ˖
PD = (VCC − VBAT ) ∗ I BAT
ᓣЁ V BAT Ў⬉∴⬉य़ˈ I BAT Ў‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬DŽ
᭛⤂Ё㒭ߎ
Ta = Tb − (VCC − VBAT ) ∗ I BAT ∗ θ JA
‫؛‬䆒‫ ⬅఼⬉ܙ‬5V ⬉⑤կ⬉ˈ৥ϔϾ 3.3V ⱘ⬉∴ҹ
500mA ⱘ ⬉ ⌕ ‫ ˈ ⬉ ܙ‬㢃 ⠛ ⛁ 䰏 θ JA ≈ 35 ć /W ˈ Tb ˙
105ćˈ䅵ㅫᕫࠄ Ta˙75.2ćˈेᔧ⏽ᑺ䖒ࠄ 75.2ćᯊˈ
ˈ ⬉⌕ᓔྟϟ䰡DŽ
೼⏽ᑺ Ta ੠ Tb П䯈ˈ‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬੠㢃⠛⏽ᑺ෎ᴀϞ䛑
Vb ৃҹ〇ᅮ೼ϔϾ೎ᅮⱘؐˈҢ㗠ᅲ⦄њᘦ⏽‫ˈ⬉ܙ‬䗳⥛᳔
ⱘᘦᅮ‫ܙ‬ ໻࣪ⱘⳂⱘDŽ
Rprog
D. CC ৥ CV ⱘ䖛⏵
⬉∴⬉य़᥹䖥 4.2V ᯊˈVA ᬒ໻఼ᇣֵো๲Ⲟᓔྟ
䗤⏤๲໻DŽVA ⦃੠ CA ⦃೼ G ⚍ᔶ៤঴ࡴDŽℸᯊˈVA
⦃ৃҹⳟ៤ CA ⦃ⱘ‫ˈ⦃ݙ‬VA ⦃ᇍ G ⚍ᴹ䇈ᓩܹⱘᰃ⬉
⌕䋳ড作DŽG ⱘᇣֵো⬉䏃೒བ೒ 4 ᠔⼎˖
R1
)Vref
R2

C. ᘦ⏽‫⬉ܙ‬῵ᓣ ೒ 4 G ⚍ⱘᇣֵো⬉䏃೒
R2
‫؛‬䆒ᘦ⌕‫⬉ܙ‬ᯊˈ㢃⠛⏽ᑺ䗤⏤Ϟछˈ⏽ᑺᬒ໻఼ ݊Ё Gm˙ˉ * AVA * g mM 4
TA ‫ݙ‬䚼䞛⫼њᏺ䋳ড作ⱘ⏽ᑺẔ⌟῵ഫˈᅗৃҹẔ⌟ߎ R1 + R 2
㢃⠛⏽ᑺᑊᇚᅗ䕀ᤶЎ⬉य़ֵোDŽᔧ⏽ᑺϞछࠄ Ta ᯊˈ G ⚍ⱘᇣֵো⬉䰏
བ೒ 3 ᠔⼎ˈ TA ᓔྟ᳝䕧ߎ⬉य़ˈᑊ঴ࡴࠄᬒ໻఼ CA 1
RG ˙
ⱘ䋳䕧ܹッˈG ⚍⬉य़छ催ˈՓᕫ‫ޣ⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬ᇣDŽᔧ㢃⠛ ro 4 // ro5 + Gm
⏽ᑺ䖒ࠄ Tb˄ᴀ㢃⠛䆒䅵Ў 105ć˅ᯊˈ‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬ᇚ‫ޣ‬ᇣ 1
ࠄ 0DŽ ⬅Ѣ Gm ᕜ໻ˈ RG ≈ ˈ े G ⚍ⱘᇣֵো⬉䰏
Gm
䱣ⴔ VA ᬒ໻఼ⱘ๲Ⲟ๲໻㗠䖙䗳ϟ䰡ˈҢ㗠Փᕫ CA ⦃
ⱘᇣֵো๲Ⲟᗹ࠻ϟ䰡DŽ㗠 VA ⦃ⱘ๲Ⲟ AVA 䱣ⴔ⬉∴⬉

Identify applicable sponsor/s here. (sponsors)

य़Ϟछ㗠䖙䗳๲໻DŽCA ⦃੠ VA ⦃䱣⬉∴⬉य़ⱘ๲Ⲟ᳆
㒓བ೒ 5 ᠔⼎DŽ

(a)

೒ 5 CA ⦃Ϣ VA ⦃೼䖛⏵ऎⱘ
๲Ⲟ᳆㒓⼎ᛣ೒
೼ CC ৥ CV ῵ᓣⱘ䕀࣪䖛⿟Ёˈ㱑✊ CA ᔶ៤ⱘড作
⦃䏃ᰃ䰏ℶ⬉⌕‫ޣ‬ᇣⱘˈԚ䱣ⴔ⬉∴⬉य़ϞछˈVA ⦃๲
Ⲟ䖙䗳๲໻ˈCA ⦃๲Ⲟ䖙䗳‫ޣ‬ᇣˈे VA ⦃ᇍ⬉䏃ⱘ᥻
ࠊ䍞ᴹ䍞ᔎˈCA ⦃ᇍ⬉䏃ⱘ᥻ࠊ䍞ᴹ䍞ᔅˈ᳔㒜ᅠܼ⬅ (b)
VA ⦃᥻ࠊDŽ㑻ᷛ乬ⱘℷ᭛䚼ߚDŽ.

III. ⬉䏃ӓⳳ
ᴀ㢃⠛䞛⫼ᖋ೑ XFAB ݀ৌⱘ XB06 BiCMOS Ꮉ㡎ᅲ
⦄DŽᭈϾ㢃⠛ⱘ⠜೒བ೒ 6 ᠔⼎ˈ⠜೒ⱘে䖍ᰃ෎Ѣ
waffle 㒧ᵘⱘ䕧ߎࡳ⥛ㅵ M1ǃM2 ҹঞ䕃䍋ࡼ⬉ᆍDŽᎺ䖍
ϟᮍᰃ෎Ѣ polyfuse ⱘᖂ䇗⬉䰏䰉߫DŽ⬅Ѣ㢃⠛ⱘ㊒ᑺ䕗
催ˈ೼䆒䅵⠜೒ᯊᇍऍ䜡ᗻ੠ᇍ⿄ᗻ䖯㸠њ乱໪ⱘ㗗㰥ˈ
՟བ VA ᬒ໻఼ⱘ䕧ܹᇍㅵ䞛⫼њЁᖗᇍ⿄㒧ᵘⱘ 4 Ͼ
NPN ㅵ㒘៤ˈߚय़⬉䰏䗝⫼Ⳍᇍ䇃Ꮒᕜᇣⱘ RxBase ⬉
䰏ˈᑊ䞛⫼ Tweaking Resistor ੠ dummy Resietorˈҹᦤ催
⬉䰏ⱘ㊒ᑺ੠ऍ䜡ᗻDŽ
೒ 6 ᭈϾ㢃⠛ⱘ⠜೒
߽⫼ cadence ⱘ spectre Ꮉ‫݋‬ᇍ⬉䏃䖯㸠๲Ⲟᠿᦣӓ
ⳳˈߚ߿ᕫࠄ໘೼䖛⏵ऎⱘ CA ⦃੠ VA ⦃๲Ⲟ᳆㒓བ೒
7 ᠔⼎˖
೒ 7 䖛⏵ऎ˄a˅CA ⦃੠˄b˅VA ⦃ⱘ⦃䏃๲Ⲟ᳆㒓೒
⬅ӓⳳ㒧ᵰৃҹⳟߎˈᔧ⬉∴⬉य़䕗ԢᯊˈCA ⦃๲
Ⲟᕜ໻ˈVA ⦃᮴๲Ⲟˈ⬉⌕ᅠܼ⬅ CA ⦃‫އ‬ᅮDŽᔧ⬉∴
⬉य़᥹䖥 4.2V ᯊˈCA ⦃ⱘ๲Ⲟ䖙䗳‫ޣ‬ᇣˈVA ⦃๲Ⲟ䖙
䗳๲໻ˈ⬉䏃䗤⏤䕀৥⬅ VA ⦃᥻ࠊDŽⳈࠄ⬉∴⬉य़ㄝѢ
4.2Vˈ⬉䏃ᅠܼ⬅ VA ⦃᥻ࠊDŽ
೼ӓⳳᴵӊ˖Vcc˙5VˈRPROG ˙2k ᯊˈᇍ⬉䏃䖯㸠
ᭈԧӓⳳˈᕫࠄϔϾᅠᭈⱘ‫⬉ܙ‬ᕾ⦃ⱘ᳆㒓བ೒ 8 ᠔⼎˖
᳆㒓 aˈbˈc ߚ߿㸼⼎⬉∴⬉य़ˈ‫⥛ࡳˈ⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬ㅵⱘᷙ
⬉य़DŽ⬅೒ 8 ৃ㾕˖ϔᓔྟ VBAT˙2.7V ᯊˈ㢃⠛໘Ѣ⍧
⌕‫⬉ܙ‬῵ᓣˈ‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬Ў 51mA˗VBAT 㓧᜶Ϟछˈᔧ VBAT
˙ 2.9V ᯊ ˈ 㢃 ⠛ 䕀 ᤶ Ў ᘦ ⌕ ‫ ⬉ ܙ‬῵ ᓣ ˈ ‫ ⌕ ⬉ ⬉ ܙ‬Ў
505mA˗VBAT 㒻㓁Ϟछˈᔧ VBATĬ4.2V ᯊˈ㢃⠛䕀ᤶЎ
ᘦय़‫⬉ܙ‬῵ᓣˈVBAT ֱᣕ೼ 4.2V ϡবˈ‫⌕⬉⬉ܙ‬㓧᜶‫ޣ‬
ᇣˈⳈࠄ‫ޣ‬ᇣЎ 51.2mAˈ‫఼⬉ܙ‬㞾ࡼ݇䯁ˈϔϾ‫⬉ܙ‬ᕾ
⦃㒧ᴳDŽ
 IV. 㒧䆎
ᴀ᭛䆒䅵њϔ⾡䞛⫼ᘦ⌕ᘦय़ᘦ⏽᥻ࠊ⦃ⱘ䫖⬉∴‫ܙ‬
⬉⬉䏃ˈᑊᇍ⬉䏃ⱘϝ⾡Ꮉ԰῵ᓣҹঞᘦ⌕῵ᓣ৥ᘦय़῵
(a) ᓣ䖛⏵ⱘॳ⧚䖯㸠њߚᵤ੠ӓⳳDŽӓⳳ㒧ᵰ偠䆕њ⧚䆎ߚ
ᵤⱘℷ⹂ᗻDŽ䆹⬉䏃Ꮖ೼ᖋ೑ XFAB ݀ৌ⌕⠛ˈ⌟䆩㒧ᵰ
Ϣ⬉䏃ⱘӓⳳ㒧ᵰਏড়ˈৃᑓ⊯ᑨ⫼Ѣ৘⾡䫖⬉∴‫⬉ܙ‬ㅵ
⧚㢃⠛ЁDŽ

(b)
REFERENCES

[1] Hu Qingcong, Chen Chen, Wang Jing, Zhang Lu, Chen Dongpo, Liang
Bin, He Lenian , “Design and implementation of Li-Ion Battery Charger
IC based on constant-current/constant-voltage approach ,” Journal Of
Zhejiang University, vol. 42, pp. 632–635, 2008.
(c) [2] E. E. Potanina, V.Y. Potanin, “Li-Ion Battery Charger with Three-
Parameter Regulation Loop,” Power Electronics Specialists Conference,
vol. 9, pp. 2836–2840, 2005.

೒ 8 ϔϾᅠᭈⱘ‫਼⬉ܙ‬ᳳ೒䚼ߚⱘᇐ㿔DŽ